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EP1515584B1 - Loudspeaker and corresponding loudspeaker enclosure - Google Patents

Loudspeaker and corresponding loudspeaker enclosure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1515584B1
EP1515584B1 EP20040364058 EP04364058A EP1515584B1 EP 1515584 B1 EP1515584 B1 EP 1515584B1 EP 20040364058 EP20040364058 EP 20040364058 EP 04364058 A EP04364058 A EP 04364058A EP 1515584 B1 EP1515584 B1 EP 1515584B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
loud
speaker
loudspeaker
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20040364058
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1515584A1 (en
Inventor
Yvon Kerneis
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Cabasse SA
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Cabasse SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1515584A1 publication Critical patent/EP1515584A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H04R9/063—Loudspeakers using a plurality of acoustic drivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of sound and audio and more specifically, the invention relates to speakers and corresponding loudspeakers.
  • loudspeakers produce sound through the vibration of a membrane.
  • An electrical coil integral with the membrane and which moves in a gap where there is a magnetic field sets in motion the membrane when the coil is traversed by an electric current.
  • the magnetic field comes from a magnetic flux created by a magnet and circulating in the cylinder head, the core and the gap. The latter makes it possible to control in intensity and frequency the vibrations of the membrane and thus the desired sound reproduction.
  • the central portion of the membrane 13 is closed by a core cover 17 located approximately at the same level as the suspension 15.
  • a disadvantage of this state of the art is that it does not make it possible to obtain small speakers, the magnetic circuit (including in particular the coil, the magnet and the core) being placed at the back of this set.
  • the depth P of the loudspeaker 20 is directly related to the difference in dimension along the axis of the loudspeaker 20 between the peripheral suspension 25 and the frame 24.
  • a disadvantage of this technique is that it does not make it possible to obtain loudspeakers with a wide sound spectrum; we thus have speakers of low frequencies (up to 500 Hz) (or “boomer”), medium frequencies (between 200 and 3000 Hz) (or “medium”).
  • the invention in its various aspects is intended to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a speaker with a wide sound spectrum.
  • the invention also aims to reduce the size of the speaker while maintaining a broad sound spectrum.
  • a complementary objective of the invention is to provide a loudspeaker for producing a sound of good quality (including high fidelity) particularly well suited to a wide variety of environments (for example, for apartment acoustic enclosure, for systems "home-cinema", for systems intended for vehicles (to be notably placed in dashboards or seats), for audio-video devices ).
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a spatially coherent sound source with limited and well-controlled diffraction effects. More specifically, an object of the invention is to obtain a directivity index (denoted DI) which increases in a regular manner and without accident (or discontinuity) as a function of frequency.
  • DI directivity index
  • An object of the invention is also to allow a relatively easy manufacture of the loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the second membrane and the second electromagnetic means are positioned substantially inside the cavity.
  • the sound quality produced is good and compatible with a high fidelity sound reproduction.
  • the spatial diffusion is optimized for the sound produced by the second membrane.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the yoke is contiguous to the first and second magnets by having a magnetization of the same polarization in the regions of the yoke contiguous to the first and second electromagnetic means.
  • the cylinder head can be made in one piece, which simplifies its manufacture.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the yoke is contiguous to the first and second magnets by having an opposite polarization magnetization in the zones of the yoke contiguous to the first and second electromagnetic means.
  • the magnetizations impose a circulation of the magnetic flux associated respectively with the first and second electromagnetic means and circulating in the cylinder head.
  • the flows (in absolute value) entrench in the cylinder head which reduces the section and therefore the height of the cylinder head. In this way, it can reduce the size or height of the speaker.
  • the cylinder head is then preferably produced in two parts.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first and second sound generation means are configured so that the first and second frequency bands cover a spectrum continuous by presenting an almost constant acoustic response between two predetermined extreme frequency values.
  • the speaker is well suited for use in a wide frequency band (for example covering the medium and high frequencies) of good sound reproduction quality (high fidelity).
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first sound production means are configured so that the first frequency band corresponds to a medium band covering at least frequencies of the order of 500 to 3000 Hz.
  • the frequencies of the order 500 to 3000 Hz correspond to very useful frequencies in the field of audio and in particular human voice reproduction.
  • a membrane associated with a medium band covering frequencies of about 500 to 3000 Hz (or even lower) has a relatively large diameter to accommodate, within the cavity formed by the membrane, the second means of sound production.
  • the speaker can have a very wide bandwidth that covers, for example, low, mid and high frequencies while having a small footprint and maintaining a great ease of assembly.
  • the third core and the third magnet is preferably common with respectively the first or second core and / or the first or second magnet to optimize the reduction of space and / or height of the speaker.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that at least one of the magnets is of the rare-earth type.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that at least one of the magnets is of the Neodymium-Iron-Bore (NeFeB) type.
  • Neodymium-Iron-Boron being a relatively common compound.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first membrane is concave seen from the outside of the loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first membrane is convex from the outside of the loudspeaker.
  • the first membrane being convex minimizes the effects of diffraction because it causes a continuity of the surface in the environment of the second means of sound production (eg "tweeter").
  • the general principle of the invention is based on an original assembly of the reverse motor loudspeaker which comprises at least two associated membranes. each to a spectrum of sound frequencies coaxially mounted.
  • the depth of the loudspeaker is essentially a function of the size of the frame and the outer membrane (producing the lowest sound frequencies).
  • magnet magnets for example of the Neodymium-Iron-Boron (or NdFeB) or Samarium-Cobalt (SmCo) type.
  • the magnetic energy is about ten times stronger in rare-earth magnets than in ferritic magnets.
  • the magnet 312 is here outside the yoke 38, a space between the magnet 312 and the yoke 38 creating a magnetic field B1 in a first air gap in which the coil 311 can move in the direction of the axis 33.
  • the magnets 312 and 322 are made of rare earth elements of the Samarium-Cobalt type.
  • the magnet 322 is here inside the yoke 38, a space located between the core 329 and the yoke 38 creating a magnetic field B2 in a second gap in which the coil 321 can move in the direction of the axis 33.
  • the loudspeaker 30 makes it possible to produce sound in two frequency ranges, the respectively medium and high frequency sources being respectively associated with the first and the second magnetic circuits (via currents I1 and I2, respectively).
  • the frequency response of sound production sets is determined by the shapes and dimensions according to rules known to those skilled in the art.
  • the currents supplying the coils 311 and 321 are furthermore filtered so that the acoustic response of the loudspeaker 30 is as constant as possible in the band considered. (eg 500 Hz to 20 KHz) so that the sound output is of good quality.
  • each of the two membranes 313 and 323 is wide spatial diffusion and therefore covers the same spatial area (for example in a room of a house or in a vehicle) at medium (membrane 313) and at high (membrane 323) frequency.
  • the loudspeaker 30 thus makes it possible to produce sound with a quasi-linear or even almost constant response in acoustic level in a broad spectrum while having a small footprint (the depth of the speaker is for illustrative purposes of 4.5 cm ).
  • the skilled person can adapt the diameter of the membranes 313 and 323 (which may be less than or greater than 8 cm and 3 cm respectively), their depth and their shape (particularly conical profile, spherical, ... ) according to the sound characteristics (spectrum, directivity, %) sought.
  • the magnets 312 and / or 322 are made of ferrite.
  • the volume occupied by the corresponding magnetic circuits is then larger and is, for example, well suited to living room speakers.
  • the second set of sound production is not located substantially inside the cavity created by the membrane 313, while remaining coaxial with the first set of sound production: it can notably be placed in a hollow central portion of the membrane 313 or outside the cavity formed by the latter.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically show variants 40 and 50 of the loudspeaker illustrated next to the figure 3 .
  • the speakers 40 and 50 are particularly well suited for domestic applications.
  • the diameter of the membranes is different (of the order of 11 cm for the membranes 413 and 513 and 2 cm for the membranes 423 and 523).
  • the depth of the loudspeakers 40 and 50 is respectively of the order of 2.5 cm and 3 cm.
  • the medium membrane 513 is located inside the frame 54: the membrane 513 is concave seen from outside the loudspeaker 50.
  • the treble membrane 523 is convex.
  • the first production unit is not included between the chassis 54 and the membrane 513.
  • the magnets are larger than the loudspeaker 50.
  • the efficiency of the loudspeaker 30 is therefore higher than that of the speaker 30.
  • the tweeter is farther than on the loudspeaker 50 and the total depth of the loudspeaker 30 is greater than that of the loudspeaker 30. 50 speaker.
  • the membranes 413 and 423 are convex seen from outside the loudspeaker 40.
  • the first production unit is in this case between the frame 44 and the membrane 413.
  • the Figures 6 to 8 schematically show variants 60, 70 and 80 of the loudspeaker illustrated next to the figure 3 .
  • the speakers 60, 70 and 80 are particularly well suited to applications requiring small footprint both in width and depth (including domestic applications or for acoustic systems of vehicles).
  • the diameter of the membranes is lower (of the order of 6.5 cm and 5.5 cm respectively for the membranes 713 and 813 and 1.5 cm for the membranes 623, 723 and 823).
  • the radius of curvature of the membranes of the loudspeakers 60, 70 and 80 is also lower than that of the corresponding membranes of the loudspeaker 30.
  • the depth of the loudspeakers 60, 70 and 80 is of the order of 3 cm.
  • the figure 9 illustrates a loudspeaker 90 (seen from above and in a section AA) comprising three membranes 913, 923 and 933 according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • the yoke 98, the magnet 912 and the field plate 914 are common to the first and second sets of sound production. However, they present two separate gaps to accommodate the coils respectively 911 and 921.
  • the second and third sets are positioned inside a cavity formed by the concave membrane 913.
  • the frequency response of sound production sets is determined by the shapes and dimensions according to rules known to those skilled in the art.
  • the currents supplying the coils 911, 921 and 931 are furthermore filtered by band-pass filters (possibly low-pass for the bass and pass-through). high for acute) so that the acoustic response of the speaker 90 is as constant as possible in the band considered (for example 100 Hz to 20 KHz) so that the sound production is of good quality.
  • the figure 10 illustrates a loudspeaker 100 (seen from above and in a BB section) comprising three membranes 1013, 1023 and 1033 according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • the loudspeaker 100 is similar to the loudspeaker 90 illustrated above with the exception of the bass membrane 1013 which is convex from the outside of the loudspeaker 100.
  • the frame 914, the membranes 1013, 1023 and 1033, magnets 1012 and 1032, a yoke 108, a field plate 1014 and a core 1034 as well as coils 1011, 1021 and 1031 forming part of the loudspeaker 100 respectively correspond to the frame 914, the membranes 913, 923 and 933, the magnets 912 and 932, the cylinder head 98, the field plate 914 and the core 934, and the coils 911, 921 and 931 of the speaker 90 and therefore will not be described further.
  • the first production unit (low frequencies associated with the membrane 1013) of the loudspeaker 90 is, in this case, between the chassis 1004 and the membrane 1013 unlike the corresponding element of the speaker 90 (which is located inside the concavity of the membrane 913 and therefore outside the area between the membrane 913 and the frame 94).
  • the diffraction effects on the medium and high production sets (membranes 1023 and 1033) are miniminated.
  • the figure 11 presents in more detail the magnetic circuits of the loudspeaker 30 illustrated next to the figure 3 and in particular the magnetic fluxes.
  • the first magnetic circuit creates a magnetic flux 319 circulating successively in the magnet 312, the field plate 316, an air gap and the yoke 38, the magnet 312 being negatively polarized (zone 317) and positively (zone 318) in contact respectively the field plate 316 and the bolt 38.
  • the second magnetic circuit creates a magnetic flux 3212 circulating successively in the magnet 322, the core 329, an air gap and the cylinder head 38, the magnet 312 being positively polarized (zone 3211) and negatively (zone 3210) in contact with respectively of the core 329 and the yoke 38.
  • the polarizations of the magnets 312 and 322 impose the direction of flow flow 319 and 3212 which is the same in the common area of the cylinder head 38.
  • the streams 319 and 3212 are therefore added to the common circulation zone.
  • losses that depend on the materials used and the reluctance of the components of the magnetic circuits requires a section of the cylinder head sufficient to avoid saturation.
  • first and second magnetic circuits are used, the head of which comprises two parts 121 and 122 contiguous respectively to magnets 123 (similar to the magnet 322 but of inverted polarization) and 312.
  • This implementation allows a polarization such that the magnetic flux is entrenched (in absolute value) instead of adding.
  • the polarization of the magnet 312 (zones 318 and 317) remains unchanged, the first magnetic flux 319 therefore flows in the same direction.
  • the magnet 123 is negatively polarized (zone 1221) and negatively (zone 1220) in contact with the core 329 and the portion 122 of the yoke 38 respectively, which imposes a direction of circulation of a magnetic flux 1222 opposite in the flow direction of flow 3212 illustrated in figure 11 .
  • the flows 1222 and 319 circulate in the opposite direction in the cylinder head 38 which makes it possible to reduce its height h2 and / or the magnetic losses in the cylinder head.
  • the skilled person can provide any variant in the form and material of the various components of the speaker (including frame, membrane, coil, magnet, suspensions, yoke and core).
  • Those skilled in the art may also make any variant in the sound spectrum of the loudspeakers according to the invention (for example a frequency band of 200 Hz to 20000 Hz or 50 to 1000 Hz or 50 to 20000 Hz).
  • the invention also relates to equipment using loudspeakers according to the invention, in particular loudspeakers, headphones, seats or vehicle dashboards, audio, video and / or multimedia equipment comprising such speakers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine du son et de l'audio et plus précisément, l'invention concerne des haut-parleurs et des enceintes acoustiques correspondantes.The present invention relates to the field of sound and audio and more specifically, the invention relates to speakers and corresponding loudspeakers.

Traditionnellement, les haut-parleurs produisent du son grâce à la vibration d'une membrane. Une bobine électrique solidaire de la membrane et qui se déplace dans un entrefer où règne un champ magnétique (l'entrefer étant compris entre une culasse et un noyau), met en mouvement la membrane lorsque la bobine est parcourue par un courant électrique. Le champ magnétique est issu d'un flux magnétique créé par un aimant et circulant dans la culasse, le noyau et l'entrefer. Ce dernier permet de contrôler en intensité et en fréquence les vibrations de la membrane et donc la restitution sonore désirée.Traditionally, loudspeakers produce sound through the vibration of a membrane. An electrical coil integral with the membrane and which moves in a gap where there is a magnetic field (the gap being between a yoke and a core), sets in motion the membrane when the coil is traversed by an electric current. The magnetic field comes from a magnetic flux created by a magnet and circulating in the cylinder head, the core and the gap. The latter makes it possible to control in intensity and frequency the vibrations of the membrane and thus the desired sound reproduction.

La figure 1 présente un haut-parleur électrodynamique 10 connu en soi. Le haut-parleur 10 est à symétrie axiale et comprend les parties fixes suivantes:

  • un châssis (ou saladier) 14 ;
  • un aimant 12 en ferrite;
  • une culasse avec noyau 18 ; et
  • une plaque de champ 19.
The figure 1 presents an electrodynamic loudspeaker known per se. The loudspeaker 10 is axially symmetrical and comprises the following fixed parts:
  • a frame (or salad bowl) 14;
  • a magnet 12 made of ferrite;
  • a breech with core 18; and
  • a field plate 19.

Le haut-parleur 10 comprend également une membrane 13 qui s'évase entre une partie centrale de faible rayon et une partie périphérique de rayon plus élevé. Afin de limiter les mouvements de la membrane 13 et d'en assurer une bonne tenue mécanique, cette dernière est reliée au châssis 14 par :

  • une suspension intérieure (ou « spider ») 16 dans sa partie centrale ; et
  • une suspension périphérique 15.
The speaker 10 also comprises a membrane 13 which flares between a central portion of small radius and a peripheral portion of higher radius. In order to limit the movements of the membrane 13 and to ensure good mechanical strength, the latter is connected to the frame 14 by:
  • an inner suspension (or "spider") 16 in its central part; and
  • a peripheral suspension 15.

La partie centrale de la membrane 13 est obturée par un cache-noyau 17 se situant approximativement au même niveau que la suspension 15. Une bobine électrique 11 est solidaire de la partie centrale de la membrane. Cette bobine peut se mouvoir librement parallèlement à l'axe du haut-parleur 10 dans un entrefer situé entre la plaque de champ 19 et le noyau 18 qui créent un champ magnétique B. Ainsi, la bobine 11 se déplace selon l'axe du haut-parleur 10 dans un sens ou l'autre en fonction du courant I qui la parcoure. Elle entraîne alors dans son mouvement la membrane 13 qui produit du son, la force F exercée sur la membrane étant égale au produit du champ magnétique B par la longueur L des fils de la bobine 11 et du courant I (F = B.L.I).The central portion of the membrane 13 is closed by a core cover 17 located approximately at the same level as the suspension 15. An electric coil 11 is integral with the central portion of the membrane. This coil can move freely parallel to the axis of the speaker 10 in a gap between the field plate 19 and the core 18 which create a magnetic field B. Thus, the coil 11 moves along the axis of the speaker 10 in one direction or the other depending on the current I that runs through it. It then causes in its movement the membrane 13 which produces sound, the force F exerted on the membrane being equal to the product of the magnetic field B by the length L of the son of the coil 11 and the current I ( F = B. L. I ).

Un inconvénient de cet état de l'art est qu'il ne permet pas d'obtenir des haut-parleurs de faible encombrement, le circuit magnétique (comprenant notamment la bobine, l'aimant et le noyau) étant placé à l'arrière de cet ensemble.A disadvantage of this state of the art is that it does not make it possible to obtain small speakers, the magnetic circuit (including in particular the coil, the magnet and the core) being placed at the back of this set.

Pour réduire le volume occupé par un haut-parleur, on place donc le circuit magnétique à l'intérieur de l'ensemble châssis/membrane pour former un haut-parleur dit « à moteur inversé ».To reduce the volume occupied by a speaker, it places the magnetic circuit inside the frame / membrane assembly to form a speaker called "reverse motor".

La figure 2 illustre un tel haut-parleur 20 qui comprend un châssis 24, une membrane 23 et un circuit magnétique comprenant lui même :

  • une bobine 21 solidaire de la membrane 23 ;
  • une culasse 28, une plaque de champ 29 et un aimant 22 en ferrite associés de manière rigide au châssis 24.
l'ensemble bobine 21 et membrane 23 est associé de manière souple au châssis 24 par l'intermédiaire de suspensions centrale 26 et périphérique 25.The figure 2 illustrates such a loudspeaker 20 which comprises a frame 24, a membrane 23 and a magnetic circuit including itself:
  • a coil 21 integral with the membrane 23;
  • a yoke 28, a field plate 29 and a ferrite magnet 22 rigidly associated with the frame 24.
the coil assembly 21 and membrane 23 is flexibly associated with the chassis 24 via central and peripheral suspensions 26.

Le circuit magnétique étant complètement inséré à l'intérieur de la membrane 23, la profondeur P du haut-parleur 20 est directement liée à la différence de cote suivant l'axe du haut-parleur 20 entre la suspension périphérique 25 et le châssis 24.Since the magnetic circuit is completely inserted inside the membrane 23, the depth P of the loudspeaker 20 is directly related to the difference in dimension along the axis of the loudspeaker 20 between the peripheral suspension 25 and the frame 24.

Un inconvénient de cette technique est qu'elle ne permet pas d'obtenir des haut-parleurs à large spectre sonore ; on dispose ainsi de haut-parleurs de basses fréquences (jusqu'à 500 Hz) (ou « boomer »), de fréquences moyennes (entre 200 et 3000 Hz) (ou « medium »).A disadvantage of this technique is that it does not make it possible to obtain loudspeakers with a wide sound spectrum; we thus have speakers of low frequencies (up to 500 Hz) (or "boomer"), medium frequencies (between 200 and 3000 Hz) (or "medium").

Pour bénéficier d'un large spectre, il est alors nécessaire d'avoir deux ou trois haut-parleurs (mis en oeuvre, par exemple, dans une enceinte acoustique). Un autre inconvénient est alors le volume relativement grand occupé par plusieurs haut-parleurs notamment lorsqu'ils sont mis en oeuvre dans des supports de taille restreinte (petites enceintes, automobiles, murs étroits,...).To benefit from a broad spectrum, it is then necessary to have two or three speakers (implemented, for example, in an acoustic enclosure). Another disadvantage is then the relatively large volume occupied by several loudspeakers, especially when they are used in small-sized stands (small speakers, cars, narrow walls, etc.).

Encore, un autre inconvénient de cette technique est qu'elle n'est pas utilisable pour les « tweeters » (haut-parleur à hautes fréquences).Still, another disadvantage of this technique is that it is not usable for "tweeters" (high frequency speaker).

L'invention selon ses différents aspects a notamment pour objectif de pallier ces inconvénients de l'art antérieur.The invention in its various aspects is intended to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art.

Plus précisément, un objectif de l'invention est de fournir un haut-parleur à large spectre sonore.More specifically, an object of the invention is to provide a speaker with a wide sound spectrum.

L'invention a également pour objectif de réduire l'encombrement du haut-parleur tout en conservant un large spectre sonore.The invention also aims to reduce the size of the speaker while maintaining a broad sound spectrum.

Un objectif complémentaire de l'invention est de fournir un haut-parleur permettant de produire un son de bonne qualité (notamment à haute fidélité) particulièrement bien adapté à des environnements très variés (par exemple, pour enceinte acoustique d'appartement, pour des systèmes de « home-cinéma », pour des systèmes destinés à des véhicules (pour être notamment placés dans des tableaux de bords ou des sièges), pour des appareils audio-vidéo...).A complementary objective of the invention is to provide a loudspeaker for producing a sound of good quality (including high fidelity) particularly well suited to a wide variety of environments (for example, for apartment acoustic enclosure, for systems "home-cinema", for systems intended for vehicles (to be notably placed in dashboards or seats), for audio-video devices ...).

Encore un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir une source sonore à cohérence spatiale avec des effets de diffractions limités et bien maîtrisés. Plus précisément, un objectif de l'invention est d'obtenir un indice de directivité (noté DI) qui croît de manière régulière et sans accident (ou discontinuité) en fonction de la fréquence.Yet another object of the invention is to provide a spatially coherent sound source with limited and well-controlled diffraction effects. More specifically, an object of the invention is to obtain a directivity index (denoted DI) which increases in a regular manner and without accident (or discontinuity) as a function of frequency.

Un objectif de l'invention est également de permettre une fabrication relativement aisée du haut-parleur.An object of the invention is also to allow a relatively easy manufacture of the loudspeaker.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose un haut-parleur comprenant une culasse et des premiers moyens de production sonore dans une première bande de fréquence comprenant eux-mêmes :

  • une première membrane ; et
  • des premiers moyens électromagnétiques pour actionner la première membrane ;
For this purpose, the invention proposes a loudspeaker comprising a cylinder head and first sound production means in a first frequency band including themselves:
  • a first membrane; and
  • first electromagnetic means for actuating the first membrane;

la culasse et les premiers moyens électromagnétiques étant positionnés sensiblement à l'intérieur de la cavité créée par la première membrane et étant montés sensiblement sur un même axe. Le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce qu'il comprend, en outre, des deuxièmes moyens de production sonore dans une deuxième bande de fréquence comprenant eux-mêmes :

  • une deuxième membrane ; et
  • des deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques pour actionner la deuxième membrane, les deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques étant montés sensiblement sur l'axe.
the yoke and the first electromagnetic means being positioned substantially inside the cavity created by the first membrane and being mounted substantially on the same axis. The loudspeaker is remarkable in that it further comprises second sound generation means in a second frequency band including themselves:
  • a second membrane; and
  • second electromagnetic means for actuating the second membrane, the second electromagnetic means being mounted substantially on the axis.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que la deuxième membrane et les deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques sont positionnés sensiblement à l'intérieur de la cavité.According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the second membrane and the second electromagnetic means are positioned substantially inside the cavity.

Ainsi, l'encombrement du haut-parleur est réduit, le montage du haut-parleur restant simple.Thus, the size of the speaker is reduced, the mounting of the speaker remaining simple.

En outre, la qualité du son produit est bonne et compatible avec une restitution à haute fidélité du son.In addition, the sound quality produced is good and compatible with a high fidelity sound reproduction.

De plus, la diffusion spatiale est optimisée pour le son produit par la deuxième membrane.In addition, the spatial diffusion is optimized for the sound produced by the second membrane.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que les premiers moyens électromagnétiques comprennent

  • un premier aimant ;
  • une première plaque de champ ;
  • une première bobine associée à la première membrane et située dans un entrefer compris entre la première plaque de champ et le noyau de la culasse de sorte à actionner la première membrane lorsque la première bobine est parcourue par un courant électrique.
According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first electromagnetic means comprise
  • a first magnet;
  • a first field plate;
  • a first coil associated with the first membrane and located in an air gap between the first field plate and the core of the cylinder head so as to actuate the first membrane when the first coil is traversed by an electric current.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que des deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques pour actionner la deuxième membrane comprennent :

  • un deuxième aimant ;
  • une deuxième plaque de champ ;
  • une deuxième bobine associée à la première membrane et située dans un entrefer compris entre la deuxième plaque de champ et le noyau de la culasse de sorte à actionner la deuxième membrane lorsque la deuxième bobine est parcourue par un courant électrique.
According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that second electromagnetic means for actuating the second membrane comprise:
  • a second magnet;
  • a second field plate;
  • a second coil associated with the first membrane and located in a gap between the second field plate and the core of the cylinder head so as to actuate the second membrane when the second coil is traversed by an electric current.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que la culasse est accolée aux premier et deuxième aimants en présentant une aimantation de même polarisation dans les zones de la culasse accolées aux premiers et deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques.According to a particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the yoke is contiguous to the first and second magnets by having a magnetization of the same polarization in the regions of the yoke contiguous to the first and second electromagnetic means.

Ainsi, la culasse peut être réalisée en une seule partie, ce qui simplifie sa fabrication.Thus, the cylinder head can be made in one piece, which simplifies its manufacture.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que la culasse est accolée aux premier et deuxième aimants en présentant une aimantation de polarisation opposée dans les zones de la culasse accolées aux premiers et deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques.According to a particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the yoke is contiguous to the first and second magnets by having an opposite polarization magnetization in the zones of the yoke contiguous to the first and second electromagnetic means.

De cette façon, les aimantations imposent une circulation des flux magnétiques associés respectivement aux premiers et aux deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques et circulant dans la culasse. Ainsi, les flux (en valeur absolue) se retranchent dans la culasse, ce qui permet de diminuer la section et donc de la hauteur de la culasse. De cette manière, on peut diminuer l'encombrement ou la hauteur du haut-parleur.In this way, the magnetizations impose a circulation of the magnetic flux associated respectively with the first and second electromagnetic means and circulating in the cylinder head. Thus, the flows (in absolute value) entrench in the cylinder head, which reduces the section and therefore the height of the cylinder head. In this way, it can reduce the size or height of the speaker.

Par ailleurs, le flux circulant dans la culasse étant plus faible, les pertes magnétiques sont également plus faibles et que le rendement du haut-parleur est meilleur. Un compromis pourra être trouvé plus facilement pour réduire la taille du haut-parleur en fonction du rendement recherché.Moreover, since the flow flowing in the cylinder head is lower, the magnetic losses are also lower and the efficiency of the loudspeaker is better. A compromise can be found more easily to reduce the size of the loudspeaker according to the desired performance.

La culasse est alors réalisée préférentiellement en deux parties.The cylinder head is then preferably produced in two parts.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que les premiers et deuxièmes moyens de production sonore sont configurés de sorte que les première et deuxième bandes de fréquence couvrent un spectre continu en présentant une réponse acoustique quasiment constante entre deux valeurs de fréquence extrêmes prédéterminées.According to a particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first and second sound generation means are configured so that the first and second frequency bands cover a spectrum continuous by presenting an almost constant acoustic response between two predetermined extreme frequency values.

Ainsi, le haut-parleur est bien adapté à une utilisation dans une large bande de fréquence (par exemple couvrant les fréquences médiums et aiguës) de bonne qualité de restitution sonore (haute fidélité).Thus, the speaker is well suited for use in a wide frequency band (for example covering the medium and high frequencies) of good sound reproduction quality (high fidelity).

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que les premiers moyens de production sonore sont configurés de sorte à ce que la première bande de fréquence corresponde à une bande médium couvrant au moins des fréquences de l'ordre de 500 à 3000 Hz.According to a particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first sound production means are configured so that the first frequency band corresponds to a medium band covering at least frequencies of the order of 500 to 3000 Hz.

Les fréquences de l'ordre 500 à 3000 Hz (voire plus faibles) correspondent à des fréquences très utiles dans le domaine de l'audio et en particulier de la restitution vocale humaine.The frequencies of the order 500 to 3000 Hz (or even lower) correspond to very useful frequencies in the field of audio and in particular human voice reproduction.

En outre, une membrane associée à une bande médium couvrant des fréquences de l'ordre 500 à 3000 Hz (voire plus faibles) possède un diamètre relativement grand permettant d'accueillir, à l'intérieur de la cavité formée par la membrane, les deuxièmes moyens de production sonore.In addition, a membrane associated with a medium band covering frequencies of about 500 to 3000 Hz (or even lower) has a relatively large diameter to accommodate, within the cavity formed by the membrane, the second means of sound production.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que le haut-parleur comprend, en outre, au moins des troisièmes moyens de production sonore dans au moins une troisième bande de fréquence comprenant chacun eux-mêmes :

  • une troisième membrane ;
  • un troisième noyau ;
  • des troisièmes moyens électromagnétiques pour actionner la troisième membrane ;
  • les troisièmes moyens électromagnétiques étant montés sensiblement sur l'axe.
According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the loudspeaker further comprises at least third sound generation means in at least a third frequency band each comprising:
  • a third membrane;
  • a third nucleus;
  • third electromagnetic means for actuating the third membrane;
  • the third electromagnetic means being mounted substantially on the axis.

Ainsi, le haut-parleur peut posséder une très large bande passante qui couvre, par exemple, des fréquences basses, médiums et aiguës tout en ayant un encombrement réduit et en conservant une grande facilité de montage.Thus, the speaker can have a very wide bandwidth that covers, for example, low, mid and high frequencies while having a small footprint and maintaining a great ease of assembly.

On note que le troisième noyau et le troisième aimant est préférentiellement commun avec respectivement le premier ou deuxième noyau et/ou le premier ou deuxième aimant afin d'optimiser la réduction de l'encombrement et/ou de la hauteur du haut-parleur.Note that the third core and the third magnet is preferably common with respectively the first or second core and / or the first or second magnet to optimize the reduction of space and / or height of the speaker.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce qu'au moins un des aimants est du type à terres-rares.According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that at least one of the magnets is of the rare-earth type.

Ainsi, il est possible d'optimiser l'efficacité (ou rendement) du haut-parleur et/ou d'en réduire l'encombrement.Thus, it is possible to optimize the efficiency (or efficiency) of the loudspeaker and / or reduce its bulk.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce qu'au moins un des aimants est du type au Neodyme-Fer-Bore (NeFeB).According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that at least one of the magnets is of the Neodymium-Iron-Bore (NeFeB) type.

Ainsi, il est possible de réduire les coûts de fabrication, le Néodyme-Fer-Bore étant un composé relativement courant.Thus, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs, the Neodymium-Iron-Boron being a relatively common compound.

Il est possible d'utiliser un aimant comprenant du Samarium-Cobalt afin d'obtenir une meilleure tenue du haut-parleur à des températures élevées (notamment supérieures à 120°C).It is possible to use a magnet comprising Samarium-Cobalt to obtain a better behavior of the speaker at high temperatures (especially above 120 ° C).

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que la première membrane est concave vue de l'extérieur du haut-parleur.According to one particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first membrane is concave seen from the outside of the loudspeaker.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le haut-parleur est remarquable en ce que la première membrane est convexe vue de l'extérieur du haut-parleur.According to a particular characteristic, the loudspeaker is remarkable in that the first membrane is convex from the outside of the loudspeaker.

Ainsi, la première membrane étant convexe minimise les effets de diffraction du fait qu'elle entraîne une continuité de la surface dans l'environnement des deuxièmes moyens de production sonore (par exemple « tweeter »).Thus, the first membrane being convex minimizes the effects of diffraction because it causes a continuity of the surface in the environment of the second means of sound production (eg "tweeter").

L'invention concerne également une enceinte acoustique, comprenant au moins un haut-parleur tel que décrit précédemment et comprenant, notamment, une culasse et des premiers moyens de production sonore dans une première bande de fréquence comprenant eux-mêmes :

  • une première membrane ; et
  • des premiers moyens électromagnétiques pour actionner la première membrane ;
The invention also relates to an acoustic enclosure, comprising at least one loudspeaker as described above and comprising, in particular, a cylinder head and first sound production means in a first frequency band including themselves:
  • a first membrane; and
  • first electromagnetic means for actuating the first membrane;

la culasse et les premiers moyens électromagnétiques étant positionnés sensiblement à l'intérieur de la cavité créée par la première membrane et étant montés sensiblement sur un même axe, le haut-parleur étant remarquable en ce qu'il comprend, en outre, des deuxièmes moyens de production sonore dans une deuxième bande de fréquence comprenant eux-mêmes :

  • une deuxième membrane ; et
  • des deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques pour actionner la deuxième membrane, les deuxièmes moyens électromagnétiques étant montés sensiblement sur l'axe.
the yoke and the first electromagnetic means being positioned substantially inside the cavity created by the first membrane and being mounted substantially on the same axis, the speaker being remarkable in that it further comprises second means sound production in a second frequency band including themselves:
  • a second membrane; and
  • second electromagnetic means for actuating the second membrane, the second electromagnetic means being mounted substantially on the axis.

Ainsi, pour couvrir une bande passante donnée, le nombre de haut-parleurs dans une enceinte acoustique est réduit. Le montage de l'enceinte est donc simplifié.Thus, to cover a given bandwidth, the number of loudspeakers in an acoustic chamber is reduced. The mounting of the enclosure is simplified.

Les avantages de l'enceinte acoustique sont les mêmes que ceux du haut-parleur, ils ne sont pas détaillés plus amplement.The advantages of the speaker are the same as those of the speaker, they are not detailed further.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation préférentiel, donné à titre de simple exemple illustratif et non limitatif, et des dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :

  • les figures 1 et 2 présentent des haut-parleurs connus en soi ;
  • la figure 3 présente une coupe d'un haut-parleur à deux membranes conforme à l'invention selon un mode particulier de réalisation ;
  • les figures 4 à 8 illustrent des variantes du haut-parleur illustré en regard de la figure 3 ;
  • les figures 10 et 11 illustrent un haut-parleur à trois membranes et à deux aimants (un aimant étant commun aux graves et aux médiums), conforme à l'invention selon des modes particuliers de réalisation ; et
  • les figures 12 et 13 présentent des variantes de circuits magnétiques mis en oeuvre dans le haut-parleur illustré en figure 3.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment, given as a simple illustrative and nonlimiting example, and the appended drawings, among which:
  • the figures 1 and 2 present loudspeakers known per se;
  • the figure 3 shows a section of a speaker with two membranes according to the invention according to a particular embodiment;
  • the Figures 4 to 8 illustrate variants of the speaker shown next to the figure 3 ;
  • the figures 10 and 11 illustrate a speaker with three membranes and two magnets (a magnet being common to the bass and midrange), according to the invention according to particular embodiments; and
  • the figures 12 and 13 show variants of magnetic circuits implemented in the loudspeaker illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .

Le principe général de l'invention repose sur un montage original du haut-parleur à moteur inverse qui comprend au moins deux membranes associées chacunes à un spectre de fréquences sonores montées coaxialement. Ainsi, la profondeur du haut-parleur est essentiellement fonction de l'encombrement du châssis et de la membrane externe (produisant les plus basses fréquences sonores).The general principle of the invention is based on an original assembly of the reverse motor loudspeaker which comprises at least two associated membranes. each to a spectrum of sound frequencies coaxially mounted. Thus, the depth of the loudspeaker is essentially a function of the size of the frame and the outer membrane (producing the lowest sound frequencies).

En outre, on peut augmenter l'efficacité du haut-parleur (c'est-à-dire le rendement associé au niveau acoustique pour une consommation électrique donnée), tout en conservant un volume du circuit magnétique très réduit, en utilisant des aimants de type terres rares (par exemple de type Néodyme-Fer-Bore (ou NdFeB) ou Samarium-Cobalt (SmCo)). En effet, l'énergie magnétique est environ dix fois plus forte dans les aimants de type terres rares que dans les aimants ferrittes. Ainsi, on peut réduire le volume des aimants d'environ un facteur dix ou augmenter l'efficacité des aimants en réduisans le volume des aimants d'un facteur inférieur à dix.In addition, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the loudspeaker (that is to say the efficiency associated with the acoustic level for a given power consumption), while maintaining a very small magnetic circuit volume, by using magnet magnets. rare earth type (for example of the Neodymium-Iron-Boron (or NdFeB) or Samarium-Cobalt (SmCo) type). Indeed, the magnetic energy is about ten times stronger in rare-earth magnets than in ferritic magnets. Thus, it is possible to reduce the volume of the magnets by about a factor of ten or to increase the efficiency of the magnets by reducing the volume of the magnets by a factor of less than ten.

On présente, en relation avec la figure 3 , un mode de réalisation d'un haut-parleur 30 à deux membranes conforme à l'invention.We present, in relation to the figure 3 , an embodiment of a loudspeaker 30 with two membranes according to the invention.

Le haut-parleur 30 est sensiblement à symétrie axiale et comprend les éléments suivants montés sur un même axe 33 :

  • un châssis 34 ;
  • une culasse cylindrique 38 placé sur l'axe du haut-parleur 30;
  • un premier ensemble de production sonore dans les fréquences médiums (par exemple 500 Hz à 5 kHz) ; et
  • un second ensemble de production sonore dans les fréquences aiguës. Le premier ensemble de production sonore comprend :
  • une membrane 313 d'un diamètre externe d'environ 8 cm (ce diamètre pouvant être beaucoup plus grand selon des variantes de réalisation de l'invention), associée de manière souple au châssis 34 par l'intermédiaire de suspensions centrale 36 et périphérique 315 ;
  • une bobine 311 solidaire de la membrane 313 ; et
  • un premier circuit magnétique situé sensiblement à l'intérieur de la cavité créée par la membrane 313 et qui comprend lui même :
  • une plaque de champ 316 et un aimant 312 en terres rares (par exemple de type Néodyme-Fer-Bore (ou NdFeB)) associés de manière rigide au châssis 34 ; et
  • la culasse 38 destinée, avec la plaque de champ 316, à fermer le flux magnétique créé l'aimant 312.
The loudspeaker 30 is substantially axially symmetrical and comprises the following elements mounted on the same axis 33:
  • a frame 34;
  • a cylindrical yoke 38 placed on the axis of the speaker 30;
  • a first set of sound production in the mid frequencies (for example 500 Hz to 5 kHz); and
  • a second set of sound production in the high frequencies. The first set of sound production includes:
  • a membrane 313 with an external diameter of approximately 8 cm (this diameter being able to be much larger according to alternative embodiments of the invention), flexibly associated with the chassis 34 via central and peripheral suspensions 36 and 315 ;
  • a coil 311 integral with the membrane 313; and
  • a first magnetic circuit located substantially inside the cavity created by the membrane 313 and which comprises itself:
  • a field plate 316 and a rare earth magnet 312 (for example of the Neodymium-Iron-Boron (or NdFeB) type) rigidly associated with the frame 34; and
  • the yoke 38 intended, with the field plate 316, to close the magnetic flux created the magnet 312.

L'aimant 312 est ici à l'extérieur de la culasse 38, un espace situé entre l'aimant 312 et la culasse 38 créant un champ magnétique B1 dans un premier entrefer dans lequel la bobine 311 peut se mouvoir dans la direction de l'axe 33.The magnet 312 is here outside the yoke 38, a space between the magnet 312 and the yoke 38 creating a magnetic field B1 in a first air gap in which the coil 311 can move in the direction of the axis 33.

Le second ensemble de production sonore est situé sensiblement à l'intérieur de la cavité créée par la membrane 313 et comprend :

  • une membrane 323 d'un diamètre externe d'environ 3 cm, associée de manière souple à un support périphérique 327 (relié lui-même de manière rigide à la culasse 38 par l'intermédiaire d'une suspension périphérique 325) ;
  • un dôme en mousse 328 destiné à amortir les vibrations de la membrane 323 et donc à régulariser la courbe de réponse du haut parleur 30 dans les aigus ;
  • une bobine 321 solidaire de la membrane 323 ; et
  • un second circuit magnétique qui comprend lui même un noyau 329 et un aimant 322 en terres rares (par exemple de type Néodyme-Fer-Bore ou NdFeB) associés de manière rigide à la culasse 38.
The second sound production assembly is located substantially inside the cavity created by the membrane 313 and comprises:
  • a membrane 323 with an outside diameter of about 3 cm, flexibly associated with a peripheral support 327 (itself rigidly connected to the yoke 38 via a peripheral suspension 325);
  • a foam dome 328 for damping the vibrations of the membrane 323 and thus regulating the response curve of the speaker 30 in the treble;
  • a coil 321 secured to the membrane 323; and
  • a second magnetic circuit which itself comprises a core 329 and a rare earth magnet 322 (for example of the Neodymium-Iron-Boron or NdFeB type) rigidly associated with the yoke 38.

Selon une variante, afin d'obtenir une meilleure tenue thermique les aimants 312 et 322 sont réalisés en terres rares de type Samarium-Cobalt.According to one variant, in order to obtain better thermal resistance, the magnets 312 and 322 are made of rare earth elements of the Samarium-Cobalt type.

L'aimant 322 est ici à l'intérieur de la culasse 38, un espace situé entre le noyau 329 et la culasse 38 créant un champ magnétique B2 dans un second entrefer dans lequel la bobine 321 peut se mouvoir dans la direction de l'axe 33.The magnet 322 is here inside the yoke 38, a space located between the core 329 and the yoke 38 creating a magnetic field B2 in a second gap in which the coil 321 can move in the direction of the axis 33.

Les bobines 311 et 321 sont parcourues respectivement par des courants I1 et I2 indépendants. Elles entraînent dans leur mouvement respectivement les membranes 313 et 323 qui produisent du son, les forces F1 et F2 exercées respectivement sur chaque membrane étant égales au produit des champs magnétiques B1 et B2 par la longueur L1 et L2 des fils des bobines 311 et 321 et des courant I1 et I2 (F1 = B1.L1.I1 et F2 = B2.L2.I2 ).The coils 311 and 321 are respectively traversed by currents I1 and I2 independent. They cause in their movement respectively membranes 313 and 323 which produce sound, the forces F1 and F2 exerted respectively on each membrane being equal to the product of the fields magnetic B1 and B2 by the length L1 and L2 son of the coils 311 and 321 and the current I1 and I2 ( F1 = B1.L1.I1 and F2 = B2.L2.I2 ).

Le haut-parleur 30 permet de produire du son dans deux gammes de fréquences, les sources respectivement à moyennes et à haute fréquences étant associées respectivement au premier et au second circuits magnétiques (par l'intermédiaire respectivement des courants I1 et I2).The loudspeaker 30 makes it possible to produce sound in two frequency ranges, the respectively medium and high frequency sources being respectively associated with the first and the second magnetic circuits (via currents I1 and I2, respectively).

La réponse en fréquences des ensembles de production sonores est déterminée par les formes et les dimensions selon des règles connues de l'homme du métier. Préférentiellement (par exemple, pour la mise en oeuvre dans une enceinte acoustique à haute fidélité), les courants alimentant les bobines 311 et 321 sont par ailleurs filtrés pour que la réponse acoustique du haut-parleur 30 soit la plus constante possible dans la bande considérée (par exemple 500 Hz à 20 KHz) de sorte à ce que la production sonore soit de bonne qualité.The frequency response of sound production sets is determined by the shapes and dimensions according to rules known to those skilled in the art. Preferably (for example, for implementation in a high-fidelity acoustic enclosure), the currents supplying the coils 311 and 321 are furthermore filtered so that the acoustic response of the loudspeaker 30 is as constant as possible in the band considered. (eg 500 Hz to 20 KHz) so that the sound output is of good quality.

En outre, le son produit par chacune des deux membranes 313 et 323 est à large diffusion spatiale et couvre donc la même zône spatiale (par exemple dans une pièce de maison ou dans un véhicule) à moyenne (membrane 313) et à haute (membrane 323) fréquence.In addition, the sound produced by each of the two membranes 313 and 323 is wide spatial diffusion and therefore covers the same spatial area (for example in a room of a house or in a vehicle) at medium (membrane 313) and at high (membrane 323) frequency.

De plus, il n'y a pas de coupure brusque des chemins de propagation du son notamment dans les hautes fréquences, la diffraction des sons aigus produits par la membrane 323 est donc limitée et bien maîtrisée.In addition, there is no abrupt cut-off of the sound propagation paths, especially in the high frequencies, the diffraction of the acute sounds produced by the membrane 323 is therefore limited and well controlled.

Le haut-parleur 30 permet donc de produire du son avec une réponse quasi-linéaire voire quasiment constante en niveau acoustique dans un large spectre tout en ayant un encombrement réduit (la profondeur du haut-parleur est à titre illustratif voisin de 4,5 cm).The loudspeaker 30 thus makes it possible to produce sound with a quasi-linear or even almost constant response in acoustic level in a broad spectrum while having a small footprint (the depth of the speaker is for illustrative purposes of 4.5 cm ).

Selon des variantes, l'homme du métier peut adapter le diamètre des membranes 313 et 323 (qui peut être inférieur ou supérieur respectivement à 8 cm et à 3 cm), leur profondeur et leur forme (profil notamment conique, sphérique,...) en fonction des caractéristiques sonores (spectre, directivité, ...) recherchées.According to variants, the skilled person can adapt the diameter of the membranes 313 and 323 (which may be less than or greater than 8 cm and 3 cm respectively), their depth and their shape (particularly conical profile, spherical, ... ) according to the sound characteristics (spectrum, directivity, ...) sought.

Selon encore d'autres variantes, les aimants 312 et/ou 322 sont en ferrite. Le volume occupé par les circuits magnétiques correspondants est alors plus grand et est, par exemple, bien adapté à des enceintes acoustiques de salon.According to other variants, the magnets 312 and / or 322 are made of ferrite. The volume occupied by the corresponding magnetic circuits is then larger and is, for example, well suited to living room speakers.

Selon d'autres variantes, le second ensemble de production sonore n'est pas situé sensiblement à l'intérieur de la cavité créée par la membrane 313, tout en restant coaxial avec le premier ensemble de production sonore : il peut notamment être placé dans une partie centrale évidée de la membrane 313 ou à l'extérieur de la cavité formée par cette dernière.According to other variants, the second set of sound production is not located substantially inside the cavity created by the membrane 313, while remaining coaxial with the first set of sound production: it can notably be placed in a hollow central portion of the membrane 313 or outside the cavity formed by the latter.

Les figures 4 et 5 présentent schématiquement des variantes 40 et 50 du haut-parleur illustré en regard de la figure 3. Les haut-parleurs 40 et 50 sont notamment bien adaptés à des applications domestiques.The Figures 4 and 5 schematically show variants 40 and 50 of the loudspeaker illustrated next to the figure 3 . The speakers 40 and 50 are particularly well suited for domestic applications.

Le haut-parleur 40 (respectivement 50) est sensiblement à symétrie axiale et comprend les éléments suivants montés un même axe repectivement 43 (respectivement 53) :

  • un châssis 44 (respectivement 54) ;
  • un culasse cylindrique 48 (respectivement 58) placée sur l'axe du haut-parleur 40 (respectivement 50); et
  • des premier et second ensembles de production comprenant des membranes 413 et 423 (respectivement 513 et 523), des aimants 412 et 422 (respectivement 512 et 522), des plaques de champ 416 et 429 (respectivement 516 et 529), et des bobines 411 et 421 (respectivement 511 et 521).
The loudspeaker 40 (respectively 50) is substantially axially symmetrical and comprises the following elements mounted on the same axis respectively 43 (respectively 53):
  • a frame 44 (respectively 54);
  • a cylindrical yoke 48 (58 respectively) placed on the axis of the loudspeaker 40 (respectively 50); and
  • first and second production assemblies comprising membranes 413 and 423 (respectively 513 and 523), magnets 412 and 422 (respectively 512 and 522), field plates 416 and 429 (respectively 516 and 529), and coils 411 and 421 (respectively 511 and 521).

Ces éléments sont similaires aux éléments correspondant du haut-parleur 30 illustré précédemment. Ils ne seront donc pas décrits davantage.These elements are similar to the corresponding elements of the speaker 30 illustrated above. They will not be described further.

On note cependant que le diamètre des membranes est différent (de l'ordre de 11 cm pour les membranes 413 et 513 et de 2 cm pour les membranes 423 et 523). La profondeur des haut-parleurs 40 et 50 est respectivement de l'ordre de 2,5 cm et 3 cm.However, it is noted that the diameter of the membranes is different (of the order of 11 cm for the membranes 413 and 513 and 2 cm for the membranes 423 and 523). The depth of the loudspeakers 40 and 50 is respectively of the order of 2.5 cm and 3 cm.

Comme pour le haut-parleur 30, la membrane de médium 513 est située à l'intérieur du châssis 54 : la membrane 513 est concave vue de l'extérieur du haut-parleur 50. La membrane d'aigus 523 est quant à elle convexe. Le premier ensemble de production n'est pas compris entre le châssis 54 et la membrane 513. Sur le haut-parleur 30, les volumes des aimants sont plus importants que sur le haut-parleur 50. L'efficacité du haut-parleur 30 est donc plus élevée que celle du haut-parleur 30. En revanche, sur le haut-parleur 30, le tweeter est plus avant que sur le haut-parleur 50 et la profondeur totale du haut-parleur 30 est plus grande que celle du haut-parleur 50.As for the loudspeaker 30, the medium membrane 513 is located inside the frame 54: the membrane 513 is concave seen from outside the loudspeaker 50. The treble membrane 523 is convex. The first production unit is not included between the chassis 54 and the membrane 513. On the speaker 30, the magnets are larger than the loudspeaker 50. The efficiency of the loudspeaker 30 is therefore higher than that of the speaker 30. On the other hand, on the speaker 30, the tweeter is farther than on the loudspeaker 50 and the total depth of the loudspeaker 30 is greater than that of the loudspeaker 30. 50 speaker.

En revanche, pour le haut-parleur 40, les membranes 413 et 423 sont convexes vues de l'extérieur du haut-parleur 40. Ainsi, les effets de diffraction vus du tweeter correspondant au second ensemble de production sont miniminés. Le premier ensemble de production est dans ce cas compris entre le châssis 44 et la membrane 413.On the other hand, for the loudspeaker 40, the membranes 413 and 423 are convex seen from outside the loudspeaker 40. Thus, the diffraction effects seen from the tweeter corresponding to the second production set are eliminated. The first production unit is in this case between the frame 44 and the membrane 413.

Les figures 6 à 8 présentent schématiquement des variantes 60, 70 et 80 du haut-parleur illustré en regard de la figure 3. Les haut-parleurs 60, 70 et 80 sont notamment bien adaptés à des applications nécessitant de faible encombrement saussi bien en largeur qu'en profondeur (notamment applications domestiques ou pour systèmes acoustiques de véhicules).The Figures 6 to 8 schematically show variants 60, 70 and 80 of the loudspeaker illustrated next to the figure 3 . The speakers 60, 70 and 80 are particularly well suited to applications requiring small footprint both in width and depth (including domestic applications or for acoustic systems of vehicles).

Le haut-parleur 60 (respectivement 70 et 80) est sensiblement à symétrie axiale et comprend les éléments suivants montés un même axe 63 (respectivement 73 et 83) :

  • un châssis 64 (respectivement 74 et 84) ;
  • un noyau cylindrique 68 (respectivement 78 et 88) placé sur l'axe du haut-parleur 60 (respectivement 70 et 80); et
  • des premier et second ensembles de production comprenant des membranes 613 (respectivement 713 et 813) et 623 (respectivement 723 et 823), des aimants 612 (respectivement 712 et 812) et 622 (respectivement 722 et 822) et des bobines 611 (respectivement 711 et 811) et 621 (respectivement 721 et 821).
The loudspeaker 60 (respectively 70 and 80) is substantially axially symmetrical and comprises the following elements mounted on the same axis 63 (respectively 73 and 83):
  • a frame 64 (respectively 74 and 84);
  • a cylindrical core 68 (respectively 78 and 88) placed on the axis of the loudspeaker 60 (respectively 70 and 80); and
  • first and second production assemblies comprising membranes 613 (respectively 713 and 813) and 623 (respectively 723 and 823), magnets 612 (respectively 712 and 812) and 622 (respectively 722 and 822) and coils 611 (respectively 711 and 811) and 621 (respectively 721 and 821).

Ces éléments sont similaires aux éléments correspondant du haut-parleur 30 illustré précédemment. Ils ne seront donc pas décrits davantage.These elements are similar to the corresponding elements of the speaker 30 illustrated above. They will not be described further.

On note cependant que le diamètre des membranes est plus faible (de l'ordre de 6,5 cm et 5,5 cm pour respectivement les membranes 713 et 813 et de 1,5 cm pour les membranes 623, 723 et 823). Le rayon de courbure des membranes des haut-parleurs 60, 70 et 80 est également plus faible que celui des membranes correspondantes du haut-parleur 30. La profondeur des haut-parleurs 60, 70 et 80 est de l'ordre 3 cm.However, it is noted that the diameter of the membranes is lower (of the order of 6.5 cm and 5.5 cm respectively for the membranes 713 and 813 and 1.5 cm for the membranes 623, 723 and 823). The radius of curvature of the membranes of the loudspeakers 60, 70 and 80 is also lower than that of the corresponding membranes of the loudspeaker 30. The depth of the loudspeakers 60, 70 and 80 is of the order of 3 cm.

Pour monter en fréquence, d'une manière générale, les membranes doivent posséder :

  • un faible diamètre ;
  • une forte flèche ; et
  • une grande rigidité du matériau.
To increase in frequency, in general, the membranes must have:
  • a small diameter;
  • a strong arrow; and
  • a high rigidity of the material.

La figure 9 illustre un haut-parleur 90 (en vue du dessus et selon une coupe AA) comprenant trois membranes 913 , 923 et 933 selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 9 illustrates a loudspeaker 90 (seen from above and in a section AA) comprising three membranes 913, 923 and 933 according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

Le haut-parleur 90 est sensiblement à symétrie axiale et comprend les éléments suivants montés un même axe 93:

  • un châssis 94;
  • une culasse cylindrique 98 placée sur l'axe 93 du haut-parleur 90 ;
  • un premier ensemble de production sonore dans les fréquences graves (par exemple 100 Hz à 500 Hz), comprenant la membrane 913, un aimant 912, une plaque de champ 914 et une bobine 911 ;
  • un deuxième ensemble de production sonore dans les fréquences médiums (par exemple 500 Hz à 5 KHz), comprenant la membrane 923, l'aimant 912, la plaque de champ 914 et une bobine 921 ; et
  • un troisième ensemble de production sonore dans les fréquences aiguës (par exemple 5 KHz à 20 KHz), comprenant la membrane 933, un aimant 932, un noyau 934 et une bobine 931.
The loudspeaker 90 is substantially axially symmetrical and comprises the following elements mounted on the same axis 93:
  • a chassis 94;
  • a cylindrical yoke 98 placed on the axis 93 of the loudspeaker 90;
  • a first set of sound production in the low frequencies (for example 100 Hz to 500 Hz), comprising the membrane 913, a magnet 912, a field plate 914 and a coil 911;
  • a second set of sound production in the mid frequencies (for example 500 Hz to 5 KHz), comprising the membrane 923, the magnet 912, the field plate 914 and a coil 921; and
  • a third set of sound production in the high frequencies (for example 5 KHz to 20 KHz), comprising the membrane 933, a magnet 932, a core 934 and a coil 931.

La culasse 98, l'aimant 912 et la plaque de champ 914 sont communs aux premier et deuxième ensembles de production sonore. Ils présentent cependant deux entrefers distincts permettant d'accueillir respectivement les bobines 911 et 921.The yoke 98, the magnet 912 and the field plate 914 are common to the first and second sets of sound production. However, they present two separate gaps to accommodate the coils respectively 911 and 921.

Par ailleurs, les deuxième et troisième ensembles sont positionnés à l'intérieur d'une cavité formée par la membrane concave 913.Furthermore, the second and third sets are positioned inside a cavity formed by the concave membrane 913.

La réponse en fréquences des ensembles de production sonores est déterminée par les formes et les dimensions selon des règles connues de l'homme du métier. Préférentiellement (par exemple, pour la mise en oeuvre dans une enceinte acoustique à haute fidélité), les courants alimentant les bobines 911, 921 et 931 sont par ailleurs filtrés par des filtres passe-bande (éventuellement passe-bas pour les graves et passe-haut pour les aiguës) pour que la réponse acoustique du haut-parleur 90 soit la plus constante possible dans la bande considérée (par exemple 100 Hz à 20 KHz) de sorte que la production sonore soit de bonne qualité.The frequency response of sound production sets is determined by the shapes and dimensions according to rules known to those skilled in the art. Preferably (for example, for implementation in a high-fidelity acoustic enclosure), the currents supplying the coils 911, 921 and 931 are furthermore filtered by band-pass filters (possibly low-pass for the bass and pass-through). high for acute) so that the acoustic response of the speaker 90 is as constant as possible in the band considered (for example 100 Hz to 20 KHz) so that the sound production is of good quality.

Ces éléments sont, par ailleurs, similaires aux éléments correspondant du haut-parleur 30 illustré précédemment. Ils ne seront donc pas décrits davantage.These elements are, moreover, similar to the corresponding elements of the speaker 30 illustrated above. They will not be described further.

La figure 10 illustre un haut-parleur 100 (en vue du dessus et selon une coupe BB) comprenant trois membranes 1013, 1023 et 1033 selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 10 illustrates a loudspeaker 100 (seen from above and in a BB section) comprising three membranes 1013, 1023 and 1033 according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

Le haut-parleur 100 est similaire au haut-parleur 90 illustré précédemment à l'exception de la membrane de grave 1013 qui est convexe vue de l'extérieur du haut-parleur 100. Le châssis 914, les membranes 1013, 1023 et 1033, des aimants 1012 et 1032, une culasse 108, une plaque de champ 1014 et un noyau 1034 ainsi que des bobines 1011, 1021 et 1031 faisant partie du haut-parleur 100 correspondent respectivement au châssis 914, aux membranes 913, 923 et 933, aux aimants 912 et 932, à la culasse 98, à la plaque de champ 914 et au noyau 934, et aux bobines 911, 921 et 931 du haut-parleur 90 et ne seront donc pas décrits davantage.The loudspeaker 100 is similar to the loudspeaker 90 illustrated above with the exception of the bass membrane 1013 which is convex from the outside of the loudspeaker 100. The frame 914, the membranes 1013, 1023 and 1033, magnets 1012 and 1032, a yoke 108, a field plate 1014 and a core 1034 as well as coils 1011, 1021 and 1031 forming part of the loudspeaker 100 respectively correspond to the frame 914, the membranes 913, 923 and 933, the magnets 912 and 932, the cylinder head 98, the field plate 914 and the core 934, and the coils 911, 921 and 931 of the speaker 90 and therefore will not be described further.

On note cependant que, du fait de la convexité de la membrane 1013, le premier ensemble de production (fréquences graves associées à la membrane 1013) du haut-parleur 90 est, dans ce cas, compris entre le châssis 1004 et la membrane 1013 contrairement à l'élément correspondant du haut-parleur 90 (qui est située à l'intérieur de la concavité de la membrane 913 et donc à l'extérieur de la zone comprise entre la membrane 913 et le châssis 94). Ainsi, les effets de diffraction sur les ensembles de production médium et aigus (membranes 1023 et 1033) sont miniminés.Note however that, because of the convexity of the membrane 1013, the first production unit (low frequencies associated with the membrane 1013) of the loudspeaker 90 is, in this case, between the chassis 1004 and the membrane 1013 unlike the corresponding element of the speaker 90 (which is located inside the concavity of the membrane 913 and therefore outside the area between the membrane 913 and the frame 94). Thus, the diffraction effects on the medium and high production sets (membranes 1023 and 1033) are miniminated.

La figure 11 présente plus en détails les circuits magnétiques du haut-parleur 30 illustré en regard de la figure 3 et en particulier les flux magnétiques.The figure 11 presents in more detail the magnetic circuits of the loudspeaker 30 illustrated next to the figure 3 and in particular the magnetic fluxes.

Le premier circuit magnétique crée un flux magnétique 319 circulant successivement dans l'aimant 312, la plaque de champ 316, un entrefer et la culasse 38, l'aimant 312 étant polarisé négativement (zone 317) et positivement (zone 318) au contact respectivement de la plaque de champ 316 et de la culasse 38.The first magnetic circuit creates a magnetic flux 319 circulating successively in the magnet 312, the field plate 316, an air gap and the yoke 38, the magnet 312 being negatively polarized (zone 317) and positively (zone 318) in contact respectively the field plate 316 and the bolt 38.

De même, le second circuit magnétique crée un flux magnétique 3212 circulant successivement dans l'aimant 322, le noyau 329, un entrefer et la culasse 38, l'aimant 312 étant polarisé positivement (zone 3211) et négativement (zone 3210) au contact respectivement du noyau 329 et de la culasse 38.Similarly, the second magnetic circuit creates a magnetic flux 3212 circulating successively in the magnet 322, the core 329, an air gap and the cylinder head 38, the magnet 312 being positively polarized (zone 3211) and negatively (zone 3210) in contact with respectively of the core 329 and the yoke 38.

Les polarisations des aimants 312 et 322 imposent le sens de circulation des flux 319 et 3212 qui est le même dans la zone commune de la culasse 38. Les flux 319 et 3212 s'ajoutent donc dans la zone de circulation commune. Par ailleurs, des pertes qui dépendent des matériaux utilisés et de la réluctance des composants des circuits magnétiques nécessite une section de la culasse suffisante pour éviter une saturation.The polarizations of the magnets 312 and 322 impose the direction of flow flow 319 and 3212 which is the same in the common area of the cylinder head 38. The streams 319 and 3212 are therefore added to the common circulation zone. Moreover, losses that depend on the materials used and the reluctance of the components of the magnetic circuits requires a section of the cylinder head sufficient to avoid saturation.

Afin de réduire la hauteur h1 des circuits magnétiques et/ou de limiter les pertes magnétiques dans la culasse, selon la variante illustrée en regard de la figure 12 , on met en oeuvre des premier et second circuits magnétiques dont la culasse comprend deux parties 121 et 122 accolées respectivement à des aimants 123 (similaire à l'aimant 322 mais de polarisation inversée) et 312. Cette mise en oeuvre permet une polarisation telle que les flux magnétiques se retranchent (en valeur absolue) au lieu de s'ajouter.In order to reduce the height h1 of the magnetic circuits and / or to limit the magnetic losses in the cylinder head, according to the variant illustrated with reference to FIG. figure 12 first and second magnetic circuits are used, the head of which comprises two parts 121 and 122 contiguous respectively to magnets 123 (similar to the magnet 322 but of inverted polarization) and 312. This implementation allows a polarization such that the magnetic flux is entrenched (in absolute value) instead of adding.

Les éléments communs aux circuits magnétiques des figures 11 et 12 (aimant 312, noyau 316, ...) portent les mêmes références et ne seront pas décrits davantage.The elements common to the magnetic circuits of Figures 11 and 12 (magnet 312, core 316, ...) have the same references and will not be further described.

Ainsi, la polarisation de l'aimant 312 (zones 318 et 317) reste inchangée, le premier flux magnétique 319 circule donc dans le même sens.Thus, the polarization of the magnet 312 (zones 318 and 317) remains unchanged, the first magnetic flux 319 therefore flows in the same direction.

En revanche, l'aimant 123 est polarisé négativement (zone 1221) et négativement (zone 1220) au contact respectivement du noyau 329 et de la partie 122 de la culasse 38, ce qui impose un sens de circulation d'un flux magnétique 1222 opposé au sens de circulation du flux 3212 illustré en figure 11.On the other hand, the magnet 123 is negatively polarized (zone 1221) and negatively (zone 1220) in contact with the core 329 and the portion 122 of the yoke 38 respectively, which imposes a direction of circulation of a magnetic flux 1222 opposite in the flow direction of flow 3212 illustrated in figure 11 .

Ainsi, les flux 1222 et 319 circulent en sens inverse dans la culasse 38 ce qui permet de diminuer sa hauteur h2 et/ou les pertes magnétiques dans la culasse.Thus, the flows 1222 and 319 circulate in the opposite direction in the cylinder head 38 which makes it possible to reduce its height h2 and / or the magnetic losses in the cylinder head.

Les mêmes variantes sont bien sûr possibles pour les différents hauts-parleurs mettant en oeuvre l'invention. Ainsi, les culasses 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98 et 108 des hauts-parleurs correspondant pourront être :

  • soit d'un seul tenant imposant des circulations de flux identiques ;
  • soit en deux parties avec une polarisation des aimants correspondant permettant une circulation des flux en sens opposé afin de réduire la hauteur de culasse et/ou les pertes magnétiques dans la culasse.
The same variants are of course possible for the various loudspeakers embodying the invention. Thus, the yokes 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98 and 108 of the corresponding loudspeakers may be:
  • either in one piece imposing identical flow flows;
  • or in two parts with a polarization of the corresponding magnets allowing flow flows in opposite directions to reduce the head height and / or magnetic losses in the cylinder head.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation mentionnés ci-dessus.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned above.

En particulier, l'homme du métier pourra apporter toute variante dans la forme et le matériau des différents constituants du haut-parleur (notamment châssis, membrane, bobine, aimant, suspensions, culasse et noyau).In particular, the skilled person can provide any variant in the form and material of the various components of the speaker (including frame, membrane, coil, magnet, suspensions, yoke and core).

L'homme du métier pourra également apporter toute variante dans le spectre sonore des haut-parleurs selon l'invention (par exemple bande de fréquences de 200 Hz à 20000Hz ou de 50 à 1000Hz ou encore 50 à 20000Hz).Those skilled in the art may also make any variant in the sound spectrum of the loudspeakers according to the invention (for example a frequency band of 200 Hz to 20000 Hz or 50 to 1000 Hz or 50 to 20000 Hz).

Selon l'invention, les haut-parleurs ont de nombreuses applications dans des domaines très variés, notamment:

  • domaine domestique, par exemple, haut-parleurs destinés aux enceintes de salon ou à des systèmes de type home-cinéma ;
  • domaine des véhicules (par exemple automobiles, camions, avions, trains, bateaux, ...) notamment haut-parleurs insérés dans des sièges ou des tableaux de bord ou plus généralement dans un habitacle du conducteur et/ou des passagers ;
  • domaine des équipements audio, vidéo et/ou multimédia, par exemple chaînes haute fidélité, appareil de production musicale, téléviseurs, ordinateurs, consoles de jeu ou informatiques, appareils de télécommunication (téléphones notamment),... ;
  • et plus généralement domaine du son et/ou de l'image, par exemple équipements de studio, casques audio, équipements de salle de concert ou de conférence.
According to the invention, the loudspeakers have many applications in a wide variety of fields, including:
  • home range, for example, speakers for living room speakers or home theater systems;
  • field of vehicles (eg automobiles, trucks, airplanes, trains, boats, ...) including speakers inserted in seats or dashboards or more generally in a passenger compartment of the driver and / or passengers;
  • field of audio, video and / or multimedia equipment, for example high fidelity channels, musical production apparatus, televisions, computers, game consoles or computer systems, telecommunication apparatus (in particular telephones), ...;
  • and more generally the field of sound and / or image, for example studio equipment, headphones, concert hall or conference equipment.

L'invention concerne également des équipements mettant en oeuvre des haut-parleurs selon l'invention, notamment des enceintes acoustiques, des casques audio, des sièges ou des tableaux de bord de véhicules, des équipements audio, vidéo et/ou multimédia comprenant de tels haut-parleurs.The invention also relates to equipment using loudspeakers according to the invention, in particular loudspeakers, headphones, seats or vehicle dashboards, audio, video and / or multimedia equipment comprising such speakers.

Claims (12)

  1. Loud-speaker (40) comprising a yoke (48) and first means for sound production in a first frequency range, said first means comprising:
    - a first membrane (413, 1013); and
    - first electromagnetic means (411, 412, 416) for activating the first membrane;
    - the yoke and the first electromagnetic means being positioned substantially inside the cavity produced by the first membrane and being mounted substantially on the same axis (43),
    characterised in that the first membrane (413, 1013) is convex when viewed from the outer side of the loud-speaker, and in that the loud-speaker further comprises second means for sound production in a second frequency range, said second means comprising:
    - a second membrane (423); and
    - second electromagnetic means (421, 422, 426, 429) for activating the second membrane;
    the second electromagnetic means being mounted substantially on the axis.
  2. Loud-speaker according to claim 1, characterised in that the second membrane and the second electromagnetic means are positioned substantially inside the cavity.
  3. Loud-speaker according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the first electromagnetic means comprise
    - a first magnet (412);
    - a first field plate (416);
    - a first coil (411) which is associated with the first membrane and which is located in a gap between the first field plate and the core of the yoke in order to actuate the first membrane when an electric current passes through the first coil.
  4. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that second electromagnetic means for actuating the second membrane comprise:
    - a second magnet (422);
    - a second field plate;
    - a second coil (421) which is associated with the second membrane and which is located in a gap between the second field plate and the core of the yoke in order to actuate the second membrane when an electric current passes through the second coil.
  5. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the yoke (48) is joined to the first and second magnets (412, 422) having a magnetisation of the same polarity (319, 3212) in the zones of the yoke joined to the first and second electromagnetic means.
  6. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the yoke is joined to the first and second magnets (412, 423) having a magnetisation with opposing polarity (319, 1222) in the zones of the yoke joined to the first and second electromagnetic means.
  7. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the first and second sound production means are configured so that the first and second frequency ranges cover a continuous spectrum having an acoustic response which is almost constant between two extreme predetermined frequency values.
  8. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the first sound production means are configured so that the first frequency range corresponds to a medium range which covers at least frequencies in the order of from 500 to 3000 Hz.
  9. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the loud-speaker further comprises at least third sound production means in at least a third frequency range, said third sound production means comprising:
    - a third membrane (1033);
    - a third core (1034);
    - third electromagnetic means (1032, 1031) for actuating the third membrane;
    the third electromagnetic means being mounted substantially on the axis.
  10. Loud-speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that at least one of the magnets is of the rare-earth type.
  11. Loud-speaker according to claim 10, characterised in that at least one of the magnets is of the neodymium/iron/boron type.
  12. Baffle, characterised in that it comprises at least one loud-speaker (40) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
EP20040364058 2003-09-15 2004-09-07 Loudspeaker and corresponding loudspeaker enclosure Expired - Lifetime EP1515584B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0310812 2003-09-15
FR0310812A FR2859864B1 (en) 2003-09-15 2003-09-15 SPEAKER AND CORRESPONDING ACOUSTIC SPEAKER

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