EP1506012A1 - Verwendung eines impfstoffes zur aktiven immunisierung gegen krebs - Google Patents
Verwendung eines impfstoffes zur aktiven immunisierung gegen krebsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1506012A1 EP1506012A1 EP03722041A EP03722041A EP1506012A1 EP 1506012 A1 EP1506012 A1 EP 1506012A1 EP 03722041 A EP03722041 A EP 03722041A EP 03722041 A EP03722041 A EP 03722041A EP 1506012 A1 EP1506012 A1 EP 1506012A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vaccine
- chemotherapy
- tumor
- antibody
- use according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of a vaccine based on a tumor-associated antigen, its epitope, mimotope, specific or anti-idiotypic antibody for the manufacture of a medicament, and a set for the prophylactic and / or therapeutic active immunization against cancer.
- Tumor-associated antigens are often the basis for the development of immunotherapeutic agents for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of cancer.
- TAA are structures that are preferentially expressed on the cell membrane of tumor cells, thereby making it possible to differentiate them from non-malignant tissue and therefore are seen as target points for diagnostic and therapeutic applications of specific antibodies.
- Examples of tumor-associated carbohydrate structures are the Lewis antigens, which are increasingly expressed in many epithelial cancers. These include Lewis x, Lewis b and Lewis y structures, as well as sialylated Lewis x structures.
- carbohydrate antigens are GloboH structures, KHl, Tn antigen, TF antigen, the alpha-1, 3-galactosyl epitope (Elektrophoresis (1999), 20: 362; Curr. Pharmaceutical Design (2000), 6: 485 , Neoplasma (1996), 43: 285).
- TAA proteins that are particularly strongly expressed on cancer cells, e.g. CEA, TAG-72, MUCl, Folate Binding Protein A-33, CA125, EpCAM and PSA.
- Direct therapeutic applications of antibodies against TAA are based on passive immunotherapy, which means that a specific antibody is administered systemically in a suitable amount to cancer patients and has a therapeutic effect only as long as the concentration in the organism is sufficiently high for this.
- the biological half-life of such agents depends on their structure and ranges from a few hours to several days. It is therefore necessary to carry out repeated applications.
- xenogenic antibodies e.g. murine monoclonal antibodies, MAK
- MAK monoclonal antibodies
- Another approach to cancer immunotherapy is to selectively activate the immune system of cancer patients to fight malignant cells. This is attempted using various forms of cancer vaccines. This includes vaccinations with autologous or allogeneic tumor cells, chemically or molecular biologically modified autologous or allogeneic tumor cells, isolated or produced with the help of chemical or molecular biological methods, TAA derived therefrom, recently also vaccinations with DNA coding for TAA or structures derived therefrom, etc.
- An alternative method is based on the use of anti-idiotypic antibodies for vaccination against cancer. Suitable anti-idiotypic antibodies can immunologically mimic a TAA. As foreign proteins (e.g.
- anti-idiotypic antibodies can be used as an immunogenic replacement of a tumor antigen for vaccination.
- N-CAM Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule
- the Lewis Y carbohydrate antigen which appears on the majority of tumors of epithelial origin, but also plays an important role during the fetal development of epithelial tissues.
- the expression of this antigen in lung cancer has been shown to be strongly associated with an unfavorable prognosis, since Lewis Y positive cancer cells obviously have a higher metastatic potential (N. Engl. J. Med. 327 (1992),
- CEA Carcino Embryonic Antigen
- Ep-CAM Epidermal Cell Adhesion Molecule
- WO 00/41722-A1 describes the use of antibodies directed against human cellular membrane proteins for the active immunization of cancer patients. Under it is a vaccine containing the murine onoclonal antibody HE2, directed against the Ep-CAM molecule.
- Anti-Ep-CAM antibodies are also used for passive immunotherapy.
- EP 0 755 683-Al describes the treatment with a high antibody dose in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery.
- an antibody directed against the "epidermal growth factor” Receptor-2 (HER-2) is used for passive immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy (Anticancer Drugs 2001, 12 Suppl 4: S3-10).
- Passive immunotherapy is also described in WO 01/07082, also in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent which is intended to arrest cells expressing Ep-CAM in the S or G2 / M cell cycle phase.
- Chemotherapy itself is used to treat cancer patients to chemically combat dividing tumor cells. Disseminated tumor cells that are at rest are not attacked by chemotherapy ("minimal residual disease"), but are associated with the formation of metastases. The professional community is therefore increasingly concerned with immunotherapy to combat disseminated tumor cells.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the use of vaccines for the active immunization of cancer patients.
- a vaccine based on a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), its epitope, mimotope, specific or anti-idiotypic antibody is used to produce a medicament which is used for the prophylactic and / or therapeutic active immunization against cancer in combination with chemotherapy.
- TAA tumor-associated antigen
- the TAA is preferably from the group of peptides or proteins, in particular EpCAM, NCAM, CEA and T-cell peptides, carbohydrates, in particular Lewis Y, sialyl-Tn, GloboH, and glycolipids, in particular GD2, and GM2, and epitopes or Mimotopes of these antigens are selected.
- the TAA used in the vaccine according to the invention preferably induce a functional immune response directed against tumor cells. Thereby not only tumor cells should be attacked during cell division, but also at rest, for the effective treatment of "minimal residual disease" or reduction of the potential for metastasis.
- the aim of the combined immunotherapy according to the invention is in any case functionally support the immune system in order not only to bind the induced antibodies to the tumor cells, but also to reduce them by means of a humoral or cellular immune response.
- the competitive binding of an antibody to a receptor of a tumor cell with tyrosine kinase activity is considered insufficient.
- immunotherapy should not only block a receptor and prevent enzymatic cell division, but also eliminate tumor cells, for example by lysis.
- Receptor proteins are derived, for example, from HER-2 or the similar receptor c-erbB-2, which have tyrosine kinase activity and support cell division.
- EP 1006194 describes the gp75 protein derived from the c-erbB-2 receptor, which alone or in combination with chemotherapy is said to prevent cell division.
- the epitopes primarily mimic or comprise domains of a natural, homologous or derivatized TAA. These are at least comparable to the TAA in terms of their primary structure and possibly their secondary structure. However, the epitopes can also differ completely from the TAA, and mimic components of a TAA, especially protein or carbohydrate antigens, purely through the similarity of spatial (tertiary) structures. The tertiary structure of a molecule alone can form facial expressions that elicit the immune response against a specific TAA.
- an antigen that mimics a protein epitope of a tumor-associated antigen is to be understood as a polypeptide of at least five amino acids.
- Preferred TAA are derived from antigens which are specific for epithelial tumors and which occur more frequently in breast cancer, cancer of the stomach and intestine, the prostate, pancreas, ovaries and the lungs.
- preferred TAA are those which primarily cause a humoral immune response, that is to say a specific antibody formation in vivo.
- those antigens which generate a T cell-specific immune response can also be selected within the meaning of the invention. These include primarily intracellular structures and T cell peptides.
- epithelial cancer such as breast cancer, cancer of the stomach and intestine, the prostate, pancreas, ovaries and lungs, for example SCLC ("small cell lung cancer”) and NSCLC ("non-small cell lung cancer”), is preferably dealt with.
- SCLC small cell lung cancer
- NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
- TAA proteinaceous TAA
- MUCl Folate Binding Protein A-33
- CA125 CA125
- PSA MART etc.
- T-cell epitope peptides Cancer Metastasis Rev. 18 (1999), 143; Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 8 (1997), 442; Curr. Opin. Immunol. 8 (1996), 651) or Mimotopes of such T cell epitopes (Curr. Opin. Immunol. 11 (1999), 219; Nat. Biotechnol. 16 (1998), 276-280) are used.
- Suitable TAA are expressed in at least 20%, preferably at least 30% of the cases of tumor cells of a specific cancer type, more preferably in at least 40%, in particular in at least 50% of the patients.
- Carbohydrate epitopes preferred according to the invention are tumor-associated carbohydrate structures, such as the Lewis antigens, e.g. Lewis x, Lewis b and Lewis y structures, as well as sialylated Lewis x structures.
- the Lewis antigens e.g. Lewis x, Lewis b and Lewis y structures
- sialylated Lewis x structures e.g., Lewis x, Lewis b and Lewis y structures
- GloboH structures, KH1, Tn antigen or sialyl-Tn, TF antigen, the alpha-1-3, galactosyl epitope are preferred carbohydrate antigen structures in the context of the present invention.
- an adhesion protein such as a homophilic cellular Membrane protein, such as EpCAM
- an adhesion protein such as a homophilic cellular Membrane protein, such as EpCAM
- the vaccine can also contain a glycosylated antibody, especially if the glycosylation itself can also mimic an epitope of a carbohydrate epitope of a TAA. It has been found that an epitope of an EpCAM protein and an epitope of a Lewis carbohydrate component, for example Lewis Y, or with the sialyl-Tn carbohydrate antigen are preferably combined.
- a Lewis Y-glycosylated antibody with a specificity for an EpCAM structure represents a particularly good immunogen in a vaccine formulation used according to the invention. This antibody can mimic cellular tumor antigens particularly well and accordingly brings about the desired immune response for inhibiting epithelial tumor cells.
- the vaccine is used for active immunization and is therefore administered only in small amounts.
- the immunogenic active substance used according to the invention is derived from a non-human species, such as a murine antibody.
- a recombinant, chimeric, as well as a humanized or human active ingredient combined with murine and human components is particularly compatible for administration to humans.
- a murine portion of the active substance can provoke the immune response in humans due to its strangeness.
- antibody is understood to mean antibodies of all kinds, in particular polyclonal or monoclonal or also chemically, biochemically or molecularly biologically produced antibodies.
- the vaccine used according to the invention naturally contains an active ingredient derived from a native antibody who has possibly been isolated from an organism or patient, an antibody derivative is often used, which is preferably selected from the group of antibody fragments, conjugates or homologues, but also complexes and adsorbates.
- the antibody derivative contains at least parts of the Fab fragment, preferably together with at least parts of the F (ab ') 2 fragment, and / or parts of the hinge region and / or the Fc part of a lambda or kappa antibody.
- a single-chain antibody derivative for example a so-called "single chain” antibody, can also be used in a vaccine in the sense of the invention.
- An antibody of the type of an immunoglobulin such as an IgG, IgM or IgA, is preferably used.
- An IgG2a antibody is particularly preferably used, since IgG2a antibodies show a particularly good complementation and this leads to an increased immunogenicity of the vaccine. This has the further advantage that the antibody content in the vaccine can be further reduced.
- a vaccine is preferably also used which contains an antibody or antibody derivative directed against a tumor-associated antigen, ie an abl.
- the specificity of the antibody is preferably selected from the groups of TAA mentioned above, in particular selected from the group of EpCAM, NCAM, CEA and Lewis Y or sialyl-Tn antigens.
- a particularly preferred antibody is the HE2 antibody, as described in WO 00/41722. This is directed against the Ep-CAM protein and can also cause an anti-Ep-CAM immune response in a vaccine formulation as an immunogen.
- a particularly good immunogen for EpCAM is, for example, an anti-EpCAM antibody that imitates or has at least one or at least two EpCAM epitopes, for example due to its EpCAM-like idiotype.
- an antibody is derived, for example, from an anti-EpCAM antibody from WO 00/41722.
- a preferred vaccine contains an antibody that specifically binds an antibody.
- the Tumorvakz 'ine thus includes inter anti-idiotype Antibodies, i.e. ab2, for active immunization.
- Anti-idiotypic antibodies used according to the invention preferably recognize the idiotype of an antibody which is directed against a TAA. An epitope of a TAA is thus already formed on the paratope of the anti-idiotypic antibody as facial expressions for the TAA.
- an anti-idiotypic antibody against glycan-specific antibodies is used, such as an anti-idiotypic antibody that recognizes the idiotype of an anti-Lewis Y antibody, e.g. as described in EP 0 644 947.
- the vaccine used according to the invention is advantageously in a suitable formulation.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier include, for example, auxiliaries, buffers, salts, preservatives.
- the vaccine can e.g. B. for the prophylaxis and therapy of cancer-associated disease states such as the formation of metastases and "minimal residual disease" of cancer patients.
- antigen-presenting cells are specifically modulated in vivo or ex vivo in order to specifically generate the immune response against the TAA and the tumor cells.
- a vaccine formulation which is preferably used according to the invention mostly contains the immunogenic active substance only in small concentrations, for example in an immunogenic amount in the range from 0.01 ⁇ g to 10 mg.
- the suitable immunogenic dose is selected, for example in the range from 0.01 ⁇ g to 750 ug, preferably 100 ug to 500 ug.
- a depot vaccine that is to be released to the organism over a longer period of time can also contain much higher amounts of antibody, for example at least 1 mg to more than 10 mg.
- the concentration depends on the amount of liquid or suspended administered Vaccine.
- a vaccine is usually in pre-filled syringes with a volume of 0.01 to 1 ml, preferably 0.1 to 0.75 ml, of the concentrated solution or suspension.
- the vaccine used according to the invention preferably presents the immunogen in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which is suitable for subcutaneous, intramuscular but also intradermal or transdermal administration. Another type of administration works via the mucosal route, such as vaccination by nasal or oral administration. If solids are used as auxiliaries for the vaccine formulation, an adsorbate or a suspended mixture of the antibody with the auxiliaries is administered. In particular embodiments, the vaccine is presented as a solution or liquid vaccine in an aqueous solvent.
- One or more vaccine units of the tumor vaccine are preferably already provided in suitable pre-filled syringes. Since an antibody is relatively stable compared to TAA, vaccines based on antibodies or their derivatives have the significant advantage that they can be marketed as ready-to-use solutions or suspensions in a ready-to-use form , A content of preservative, such as thimerosal or other preservatives with improved tolerability, is not necessarily necessary, but can be provided in the formulation for longer shelf life at storage temperatures from refrigerator temperatures to room temperature. However, the vaccine used according to the invention can also be made available in frozen or lyophilized form, which can be thawed or reconstituted if necessary.
- Vaccine adjuvants suitable for this purpose are preferably aluminum hydroxide (aluminum gel) or phosphate, also growth factors, lymphokines, cytokines, for example IL-2, IL-12, GM-CSF, gamma interferon, or Complement factors such as C3d, further liposome preparations, but also formulations with additional antigens against which the immune system has already given a strong immune response, such as tetanus toxoid, bacterial toxins such as Pseudomonas exotoxins and derivatives of lipid A.
- additional antigens against which the immune system has already given a strong immune response such as tetanus toxoid, bacterial toxins such as Pseudomonas exotoxins and derivatives of lipid A.
- An adjuvant is preferred which enables the drug to be administered without side effects.
- side effects includes, for example, increased glucose levels or fever; local redness at the site of administration or slight swelling are not seen as a particular side effect.
- Known methods for conjugating or denaturing vaccine components can also be used for the vaccine formulation in order to further increase the immunogenicity of the active substance.
- Particular embodiments of the vaccine used according to the invention contain further vaccine antigens, in particular additionally anti-idiotypic antibodies, and also mixtures of immunogenic antibodies with different antibodies, which are administered simultaneously.
- the vaccine is preferably used at the beginning of chemotherapy. Vaccination can be started at the time of any surgery or before surgical removal of tumor tissue. Thus, protection against possible dissemination of tumor cells by specific antibodies can be built up at the time of the operation. Chemotherapy is preferably started within 1 to 2 weeks. Vaccination simultaneously with and / or during chemotherapy is also preferred for practical reasons. The patient is already in clinical treatment, the additional therapeutic measures can be carried out in a simple manner.
- Immune systems are activated at an early stage before the organism is affected by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is indeed associated with side effects, such as that of a weakened immune system, resulting in an increased
- the vaccine administration scheme according to the invention preferably includes not only the initial vaccination in the context of chemotherapy, but also several booster vaccinations at certain time intervals, which for practical reasons may possibly be the same as the intervals of the chemotherapy. Even after chemotherapy, long-term immunotherapy for months and years is a very suitable scheme. Both the initial vaccination and subsequent booster vaccinations are preferably carried out with the same vaccine.
- the combination with adjuvant or palliative chemotherapy is preferred.
- the combination with monotherapy or polytherapy is possible.
- the vaccine is preferably combined with polychemotherapy.
- Agents that are preferably used for chemotherapy are alkylating pharmaceutical preparations.
- agents containing taxane, anthracycline or platinum are preferred. All of the usual preparations that are used for the various cancer treatments can be combined according to the invention.
- the chemotherapy drugs are usually administered intravenously or orally. Oral forms of administration of the Chemotherapeutic agents can possibly also be administered according to the invention as a combination preparation with the oral form of the vaccine.
- a functional immune response is caused by the vaccine used according to the invention, which is mainly carried by the humoral immune system.
- An immediate reaction is an increased mmunglobulin titer in the patient's serum. Above all those antibodies occur in serum which are specific for the vaccine antigen.
- a cellular immune response can be detected with the usual test systems. In any case, it can be demonstrated that tumor cells can be bound specifically. The number of tumor cells found in blood or bone marrow is said to be reduced even by the specific immune response.
- Vaccination for the purposes of the present invention can in principle be carried out both for therapeutic and for prophylactic treatment (as with all antimicrobial vaccines).
- This means that the vaccination against cancer according to the invention can be understood both as a therapeutic and as a prophylactic application.
- prophylactic vaccination is particularly, if not exclusively, possible for people who have an increased, possibly genetic risk of developing cancer.
- the vaccine used according to the invention contains a human cellular membrane antigen or an antibody against this membrane protein or a corresponding anti-idiotypic antibody.
- a membrane protein plays a role in adhesion processes.
- Adhesion processes are preferably cell-cell interactions, with ligands or receptors on the cell surface being involved.
- Adhesion molecules are accordingly the cell-cell interaction serving ligands or receptors on the cell surface.
- Adhesion molecules are the self-adhesion molecules. These have the property of being able to bind to themselves.
- the physiological effect of an immune response induced by vaccination with an antibody against a TAA naturally depends on the function of the respective TAA.
- the TAA has a function as a receptor for the adhesion of tumor cells, in particular to a ligand on endothelial cells of the vascular system (such a property is important for the ability of the infected cancer cells to exit the vascular system and settle in tissue in order to undergo metastasis then this adhesiveness is reduced by vaccination with a suitable antibody against this TAA, because there are permanently induced antibodies in the circulation and in the tissue which compete with the interaction of the TAA with its ligand, since they mimic the TAA in soluble form.
- TAA or corresponding antibodies which have a function for the malignancy of tumor cells
- cancer cells cannot or do not have sufficient properties important for the malignant phenotype, which can slow down or stop the development of the disease and, especially in the early stages, suppress metastasis and reduce metastases in the late stage of metastatic cancer can be.
- the cellular membrane antigen is capable of self-adhesion, ie certain epitopes of the antigen are responsible for homophilic binding to the same antigen on another cell.
- antigens include N-CAM (Neuronal Cellular Adhesion Molecule), CEA (Carcino Embryonic Antigen) and Ep-CAM (Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule).
- N-CAM Neurovascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule
- CEA Carcino Embryonic Antigen
- Ep-CAM Epitopal Cell Adhesion Molecule
- Antibodies against Epitopes directed by self-adhesion antigens which are involved in this function can, according to the above statements, carry complementary structural information of such an epitope. Therefore, in accordance with the above statements, vaccination with such vaccine antigens can induce the formation of antibodies which carry the properties of this self-adhesion in the binding reaction.
- vaccination of cancer patients with suitable TAA or corresponding antibodies against TAA or anti-idiotypic antibodies can suppress the formation of new metastases and at least slow the dissemination of the disease.
- TAA or corresponding antibodies against TAA or anti-idiotypic antibodies prevent such vaccinations from establishing themselves as new metastases.
- the combination with chemotherapy according to the invention on the one hand kills the dividing active tumor cells.
- the relapse-free lifespan and thus the overall survival of such patients can be extended through targeted immunotherapy.
- Vaccinations of this type and booster vaccinations carried out at suitable intervals can possibly provide lifelong protection against the formation of metastases.
- Vaccinations of cancer patients are of particular interest suitable TAA or corresponding antibodies against a self-adhesion TAA, since in these cases, as described above, an additional direct attack of the induced immune response on tumor cells enables an increased therapeutic effect.
- the TAA can come from natural or synthetic sources.
- the antibody components can also be synthesized chemically and then connected to epitope structures or synthesized together.
- chemical synthesis of antibody carrier molecules it is possible to introduce reactive groups at special sites in order to be able to control both the extent of the coupling to an epitope and the type and location of the binding.
- Immunogenic TAA their epitopes, facial expressions or antibodies can also be genetically engineered as recombinant molecules.
- suitable derivatives can be produced.
- a recombinant gene product with corresponding tumor-associated glycan structures can also be glycosylated by production in cells which are genetically modified in such a way that they glycosylate proteins accordingly.
- Such cells can be natural isolates (cell clones), which can be found by appropriate screening for the desired glycosylation.
- cells can also be modified in such a way that they express corresponding enzymes which are necessary for the desired glycosylation in such a way that the desired glycosylation on the recombinant polypeptide or protein can be found (Glycoconj. J. (1999), 16: 81).
- enzymes which are necessary for the desired glycosylation in such a way that the desired glycosylation on the recombinant polypeptide or protein can be found
- the vaccine used according to the invention comprises a nucleic acid molecule as facial expression for a TAA, the nucleic acid molecule coding for a proteinaceous TAA in the sense of the present invention.
- the DNA vaccine obtained, like tumor vaccines, is administered on a protein basis.
- the present invention also relates to a set which is suitable for the prophylactic and / or therapeutic treatment of cancer-associated disease states.
- This set contains a) a vaccine based on a tumor-associated antigen, its epitope, mimotope, specific or anti-idiotypic antibody, and b) an agent for chemotherapy.
- the set preferably further comprises suitable application devices, such as e.g. Syringes, infusion devices, etc. If the vaccine is in lyophilized form, the set also contains a suitable reconstitution solution, which may have special stabilizers or reconstitution accelerators.
- the further preferred set contains several units of the vaccine used according to the invention, which are used for the initial vaccination and for one or more, preferably up to three booster vaccinations.
- the frequency is optionally in the range from 1 to 12 per year, particularly preferably in the range from 4 to 8 per year.
- the Dosage can remain the same or decrease.
- Booster shots can be carried out at regular intervals, generally for life. Suitable intervals are in the range of about 6 to 24 months and can be determined by monitoring the titer of the induced antibodies (refresh should take place as soon as the titer of the induced antibodies has dropped significantly).
- the murine monoclonal antibody HE2 was generated according to standard hybridoma technology methods described per se (see WO 00/41722). Balb / c mice were immunized with human colorectal cancer cells according to standard protocols. The spleen cells were fused with the mouse myeloma line P3X63Ag8 and hybridomas were selected which produce antibodies which selectively bind to human colorectal cancer cells but not to melanoma cells. Ultimately, a hybridoma was selected that secretes an IgG2a / kappa antibody. This antibody (HE2) binds to Ep-CAM, e.g. by Western blot analysis with membrane preparations of KATO III gastric cancer cells in comparison with a known anti-Ep-CAM antibody (KS1-4).
- KS1-4 anti-Ep-CAM antibody
- Figure 1 shows the immune serum globulin content of patients who were vaccinated with HE2 with and without simultaneous
- FIG. 2 shows the content of IgG directed against HE2 in serum.
- FIG. 3 shows the content of IgG directed against HE2 in serum which specifically binds to recombinant Ep-CAM.
- FIG. 4 shows the influence of chemotherapy and vaccination on the survival rate in patients with colorectal cancer, stage
- Example 1 Treatment of cancer patients with HE2 in combination with chemotherapy
- Example 2 Treatment of cancer patients with HE2 in combination with chemotherapy
- the survival rate was determined as the primary endpoint of the study, the results are shown in FIG. 4 (n is the number of patients, CT is chemotherapy). It was shown that both with and without chemotherapy, the survival time was significantly increased by treatment with the vaccine. The survival rate after one year was approximately 44% in patients who received chemotherapy only, but the survival rate after more than 80% was found after one year in patients with chemotherapy and immune response to the administration of the vaccine.
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Abstract
Description
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AT0077402A AT500647A1 (de) | 2002-05-21 | 2002-05-21 | Verwendung eines impfstoffes |
AT7742002 | 2002-05-21 | ||
PCT/AT2003/000148 WO2003097092A1 (de) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-20 | Verwendung eines impfstoffes zur aktiven immunisierung gegen krebs |
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EP (1) | EP1506012A1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT500647A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003229346A1 (de) |
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GB0221574D0 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2002-10-23 | Isis Innovation | Treatments |
AT500651B9 (de) * | 2003-05-27 | 2010-04-15 | Altropus Gmbh | Aktiv immunisierender antikörper |
CA2652434A1 (en) | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-18 | Xencor, Inc. | Optimized proteins that target ep-cam |
EP2102656B1 (de) * | 2006-08-18 | 2013-09-25 | Huiru Wang | Verfahren zur identifizierung molekularer mimikry und anwendungen davon |
DK2411815T3 (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2015-11-30 | Transgene Sa | Biomarker MONITORING OF PATIENTS |
WO2011003905A1 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Transgene Sa | Biomarker for selecting patients and related methods |
JP2022520067A (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2022-03-28 | ユニバーシティ オブ フロリダ リサーチ ファンデーション インコーポレーティッド | モノホスホリルリピドaリポソーム系癌ワクチン |
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US5194384A (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1993-03-16 | Bystryn Jean Claude | Method for preparing human meloma vaccine |
US5194383A (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-03-16 | National Science Council Of Republic Of China | Process for making L-aminoacylase |
US5478556A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-12-26 | Elliott; Robert L. | Vaccination of cancer patients using tumor-associated antigens mixed with interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor |
US5792455A (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1998-08-11 | Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research | Anti-idiotypic antibody vaccines |
RU2112543C1 (ru) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-06-10 | Александр Григорьевич Хоменко | Иммуномодулирующее лекарственное средство |
ATE200679T1 (de) * | 1997-04-14 | 2001-05-15 | Micromet Ag | Neues verfahren zur herstellung von anti-humanen antigenrezeptoren und deren verwendungen |
US6274143B1 (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 2001-08-14 | Malaya Chatterjee | Methods of delaying development of HMFG-associated tumors using anti-idiotype antibody 11D10 |
JP4774551B2 (ja) * | 1999-01-13 | 2011-09-14 | アルトロパス ゲーエムベーハー | 抗癌ワクチン接種のための抗体の使用 |
JP2003505432A (ja) * | 1999-07-23 | 2003-02-12 | グラクソ グループ リミテッド | 抗ep−cam抗体と化学療法剤との組合せ |
US6322986B1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-11-27 | Albany Medical College | Method for colorectal cancer prognosis and treatment selection |
AU2001290801A1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-03-26 | Zycos Inc. | Peptide epitopes recognized by antigen specific cd4+ t lymphocytes |
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2002
- 2002-05-21 AT AT0077402A patent/AT500647A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2003-05-20 EP EP03722041A patent/EP1506012A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-05-20 AU AU2003229346A patent/AU2003229346A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-20 US US10/515,146 patent/US20050169929A1/en not_active Abandoned
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NO20040267L (no) | 2004-03-18 |
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