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EP1489945A1 - Ergonomic seating module and seat fitted with said module - Google Patents

Ergonomic seating module and seat fitted with said module

Info

Publication number
EP1489945A1
EP1489945A1 EP03719045A EP03719045A EP1489945A1 EP 1489945 A1 EP1489945 A1 EP 1489945A1 EP 03719045 A EP03719045 A EP 03719045A EP 03719045 A EP03719045 A EP 03719045A EP 1489945 A1 EP1489945 A1 EP 1489945A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
seat
seat module
module according
pommel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03719045A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1489945B1 (en
Inventor
André Leguen
Catherine Cantenot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP03719045A priority Critical patent/EP1489945B1/en
Publication of EP1489945A1 publication Critical patent/EP1489945A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1489945B1 publication Critical patent/EP1489945B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/50—Supports for the feet or the legs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/02—Rocking chairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/28—Seat parts with tensioned springs, e.g. of flat type
    • A47C7/282—Seat parts with tensioned springs, e.g. of flat type with mesh-like supports, e.g. elastomeric membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C9/00—Stools for specified purposes
    • A47C9/002—Stools for specified purposes with exercising means or having special therapeutic or ergonomic effects
    • A47C9/005—Stools for specified purposes with exercising means or having special therapeutic or ergonomic effects with forwardly inclined seat, e.g. with a knee-support

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to seats, both those intended to be static, such as chairs, armchairs or stools, as those to be fitted to vehicles. It relates, more particularly, to both an ergonomic seat module and a seat equipped with this module.
  • the saddle In static seats, the saddle is generally formed by a plate of rigid material, which is possibly covered with a cushion. This saddle can be completed with a backrest and with armrests. Certain seats, more particularly intended for persons working at a desk, for example, by means of a computer, include articulations and elastic members making it possible to tilt the saddle and the backrest more or less.
  • the saddles of bicycles or motor bikes generally comprise a rigid frame, comprising a pommel and a cantle, and a part, of generally triangular shape connecting the pommel to the cantle and forming the bearing surface.
  • This part has a certain flexibility allowing adaptation to the position of the user, defined by the adjustment of the different parts of the vehicle.
  • Saddles of this type have been fitted on fixed supports, in order to produce static seats. If, in general, the comfort of a bicycle seat is not disputed, the application of the same principle to a fixed seat is unconvincing. it probably comes from the fact that, in a static situation, the user's organs, in contact with the saddle, remain fixed, while on a bicycle, they are in almost permanent movement.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a seat provided with an ergonomic saddle which practically forces the user to assume a posture in which his lifting musculature is naturally and automatically stressed, thus avoiding health problems.
  • a seat module which comprises:
  • means for connecting the frame to the frame comprising an articulation which allows the frame to tilt, relative to the frame, about an axis perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, and
  • the frame is tilted forward by an angle of about 10 ° relative to the ground;
  • the frame has, in plan, the shape of a T, whose leg, arranged in the plane of symmetry, extends forward and is bent upward to end with the pommel;
  • the arms of the T have their ends raised to form the articulation with the frame;
  • the frame is a fork which has, in plan, the shape of a U of axis arranged in the plane of symmetry, whose cross member, raised, constitutes the cantle and whose two teeth extend forward, substantially to the pommel, below it;
  • the membrane forms a convex bearing surface along a line perpendicular to the plane of symmetry and concave along a line written in this plane;
  • the membrane is fixed between the pommel and the cantle, between the two teeth of the fork, and between the ends of the teeth and the pommel;
  • the membrane is covered with a pad forming a cushion and has a longitudinal groove intended to form a space for receiving the coccyx of the user.
  • the present invention also relates to a seat provided with a support in contact with the ground and with a seat module as defined above, characterized in that the support comprises an arm extending forward and towards the top and carrying a transverse bar forming support to the knees of the user and padded to form a cushion.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the frame and the fork of a seat module according to the invention, respectively seen from above and in section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 mainly shows the fork, seen from above, with its elastic membrane;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the seat module, still along ll-ll;
  • the seat module - or saddle - essentially comprises a frame 10, a fork-shaped frame 12, a hinge 14 connecting, in an articulated manner, the frame 10 and the fork 12, and an elastic membrane 16, visible only in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the saddle has a symmetrical structure with reference to a vertical plane passing through the lines ll-ll of FIGS. 1 and 3. More specifically, the frame 10 has, in plan, the shape of a T, whose leg 18, placed in the axis ll-ll, extends forward and is bent upward to end by a knob 20.
  • the arms 22 of the T perpendicular to the axis, have their ends 22a raised and pierced with a hole not visible in the drawing.
  • the frame 10 has a central portion 24 provided with holes 24a to allow the saddle to be fixed on a support, as will be explained below.
  • the fork 12 has, in plan, the shape of a U of axis ll-ll. Its cross 26, slightly raised and curved, acts as a cantle and its two teeth 28 extend forward, substantially up to the pommel 20, below it, a few centimeters.
  • the tip of the cantle 26 is substantially at the same height as the knob 20, and that the fork 12 is tilted forward by an angle d '' about 10 ° from the ground.
  • the teeth 28 of the fork are provided, substantially in their middle, with a tab 30 extending downward, each adjacent one end 22a of the frame and provided with a coaxial hole. Bearings engaged in these holes and rods engaged in the bearings form the hinge 14 which thus allows the fork 12 to pivot relative to the frame 10 about an axis A-A.
  • the frame 10 and the fork 12 are made respectively of aluminum and steel.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the elastic membrane 16 is fixed
  • the membrane 16 can be made of any elastic material, PVC for example, in the form of fabric, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, or of film, in one piece or in strips.
  • a first set of bands 16a connects the knob 20 to the cantle 26
  • a second set 16b connects the two teeth 28 together, this second set covering the first
  • a third assembly 16c connects the ends of the teeth 28 to the knob 20.
  • the membrane 16 Due to the shape of the fork 12 and the position of the pommel 20, the membrane 16 has the shape of a horse saddle, with a concavity between the cantle 26 and the pommel 20 and a convexity between the two teeth 28. Thanks to these characteristics, the membrane 16 has the function:
  • the saddle according to the invention can advantageously be supplemented by a pad 32, forming a cushion, completely covering the membrane 16 and fixed to the latter permanently or removably.
  • This cake can be made of a fabric envelope containing an elastic padding or formed of a gel.
  • it is provided with a longitudinal groove 34 extending over the entire length of the cushion. In this way, the coccyx of the saddle occupant is not compressed, which improves its comfort and makes it possible to avoid certain damage, in particular at the level of the spinal column.
  • FIG. 5 shows that the seat module previously described makes it possible to equip a seat formed with a support 36 which comprises, in known manner, a telescopic central column 38 and feet 40 arranged radially, each provided with a roller 42
  • the column 38 carries, at its upper end, a seat module 44 according to the invention, which is fixed by its frame 10.
  • Such a seat thus forming a stool, can advantageously be used by people working essentially in the "active" position, for example a dentist or a watchmaker. It can be completed, as shown on this figure, by a backrest 46 fixed to the troussequin 26 and making it possible to take a "passive" position.
  • transverse support bar 48 for the knees, advantageously padded and covered with a fabric or leather, so that the contact is pleasant .
  • This bar is fixed to the support 36, permanently or removable, by means of an arm 50.
  • the latter has a roller 42 and is advantageously pivotally or slidingly connected to the support 36, so that it can be retracted when the user often has to leave his seat.
  • the pressure of the knees against the bar 48 is low. It therefore participates very little in the sitting of the user. On the other hand, it prevents him from crossing his legs, and thus, certain inconveniences associated with this habit.
  • the arm 50 is fixed to the support 36 in the vicinity of the feet 40, that is to say very close to the ground. In this way, it does not or hardly hinder movement when the user takes his seat or leaves it.
  • the seat module 44 can be mounted articulated on the column 38 by virtue of a conventional mechanism 52 of adjustable seat rocker which benefits from an armrest 54.
  • the seat according to the invention allows, in the "active" position, posture adjustments favoring the work of the self-supporting muscles, while in the "passive” position, these muscles can relax .
  • Both the seat module and the seat described above can be the subject of numerous variant embodiments. It is, for example, possible to provide adjustment members and, more particularly, stops (not shown) limiting, on both sides, the tilting movement of the fork 12 on the frame 10.
  • the knob 20 can also be provided means making it possible to modify its position with reference to the frame 10. It is also possible to envisage an asymmetrical structure, intended for a disabled user, either at the level of the wafer 32, or in the form of the cantle 26.
  • the articulated connection, by the hinge 14, between the frame 10 and the fork 12, can be ensured by means of a ball joint.
  • the self-supporting mechanism will operate from front to back as well as from the side.
  • the position of the hinge 14 can also advantageously be adjustable in the front-rear directions, so that it is perfectly aligned with the ischia when the user is seated.
  • the saddle 44 is advantageously fixed to the support 36 by its frame 10. It is also possible to provide the fixing by the cantle 26 itself.
  • the spring function provided by the elastic membrane 16 can also be reinforced by springs specially arranged for this purpose, for example torsion, traction or compression.

Landscapes

  • Special Chairs (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)

Abstract

The seat module, e.g. for an office chair, consists of a support (10) with a pommel (20), and a frame (12) that is located above the base and equipped with a cantle (26). The support and frame are connected by an articulated joint (14) that allows the frame to tilt relative to the support about an axis perpendicular to its plane of symmetry. The frame is joined to the pommel by an elastic membrane that can be covered by a cushion with a lengthwise groove to accommodate the seated person's coccyx.

Description

MODULE D'ASSISE ERGONOMIQUE ET SIEGE EQUIPE D'UN TEL MODULE ERGONOMIC SEAT MODULE AND SEAT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A MODULE
La présente invention se rapporte aux sièges, aussi bien ceux destinés à être statiques, tels que des chaises, fauteuils ou tabourets, que ceux devant équiper des véhicules. Elle concerne, plus particulièrement, à la fois un module d'assise ergonomique et un siège équipé de ce module.The present invention relates to seats, both those intended to be static, such as chairs, armchairs or stools, as those to be fitted to vehicles. It relates, more particularly, to both an ergonomic seat module and a seat equipped with this module.
Il est entendu qu'à des fins de simplification, l'expression "module d'assise" sera parfois remplacée, dans le présent document, par le mot "selle", désignant la partie du siège qui forme assise et sur laquelle les fesses viennent se poser.It is understood that for the sake of simplification, the expression "seat module" will sometimes be replaced, in the present document, by the word "saddle", designating the part of the seat which forms a seat and on which the buttocks come arise.
Dans les sièges statiques, la selle est généralement formée d'un plateau en matériau rigide, lequel est, éventuellement, recouvert d'un coussin. Cette selle peut être complétée par un dossier et par des accoudoirs. Certains sièges, plus particulièrement destinés à des personnes travaillant à un bureau, par exemple, au moyen d'un ordinateur, comportent des articulations et des organes élastiques permettant d'incliner plus ou moins la selle et le dossier. Malgré tous les perfectionnements apportés, les problèmes de santé, relatifs spécialement à la colonne vertébrale, continuent à exister, causant un grave préjudice à ceux qui en souffrent et engendrant un absentéisme important, néfaste aux entreprises.In static seats, the saddle is generally formed by a plate of rigid material, which is possibly covered with a cushion. This saddle can be completed with a backrest and with armrests. Certain seats, more particularly intended for persons working at a desk, for example, by means of a computer, include articulations and elastic members making it possible to tilt the saddle and the backrest more or less. Despite all the improvements made, health problems, especially relating to the spine, continue to exist, causing serious harm to those who suffer from it and causing significant absenteeism, which is harmful to business.
Les selles des bicyclettes ou des vélo-moteurs, par exemple, comprennent généralement une armature rigide, comportant un pommeau et un troussequin, et une pièce, de forme généralement triangulaire reliant le pommeau au troussequin et formant la surface d'appui. Cette pièce présente une certaine souplesse permettant une adaptation à la position de l'utilisateur, définie par le réglage des différentes parties du véhicule. Des selles de ce type ont été aménagées sur des supports fixes, afin de réaliser des sièges statiques. Si, en général, le confort d'un siège de bicyclette n'est pas contesté, l'application du même principe à un siège fixe est peu convaincante. Cela provient probablement du fait que, en situation statique, les organes de l'utilisateur, en contact avec la selle, restent fixes, alors qu'à bicyclette, ils sont en mouvement quasi permanent.The saddles of bicycles or motor bikes, for example, generally comprise a rigid frame, comprising a pommel and a cantle, and a part, of generally triangular shape connecting the pommel to the cantle and forming the bearing surface. This part has a certain flexibility allowing adaptation to the position of the user, defined by the adjustment of the different parts of the vehicle. Saddles of this type have been fitted on fixed supports, in order to produce static seats. If, in general, the comfort of a bicycle seat is not disputed, the application of the same principle to a fixed seat is unconvincing. it probably comes from the fact that, in a static situation, the user's organs, in contact with the saddle, remain fixed, while on a bicycle, they are in almost permanent movement.
Pour bien comprendre la problématique des sièges, il est bon de rappeler l'usage qui en est fait. Aujourd'hui, la position assise est devenue l'une des positions les plus représentatives de l'activité professionnelle. Dans ce cadre, deux sortes d'attitudes bien distinctes se présentent généralement, selon que l'occupation est "active" ou "passive". On entend par "active" une occupation dans laquelle les mains sont fortement sollicitées, par exemple, pour la frappe sur un clavier, le dessin, tous les travaux manuels assis (horlogerie, électronique, laboratoire, confection, ...) ou encore la conduite d'un véhicule. Le corps doit donc ainsi être placé de manière telle que les mains puissent assurer leur fonction. Il se trouve ainsi généralement avec un tronc orienté sensiblement à la verticale. Au contraire, dans les occupations "passives", telles que discussions, moments de réflexion ou de détente, les mains sont beaucoup moins sollicitées et le corps peut se placer de manière à ce que le dos soit en appui contre un dossier, le tronc incliné vers l'arrière.To fully understand the problem of seats, it is worth recalling the use that is made of them. Today, the sitting position has become one of the most representative positions for professional activity. Within this framework, two kinds of very distinct attitudes generally arise, depending on whether the occupation is "active" or "passive". "Active" means an occupation in which the hands are highly stressed, for example, for typing on a keyboard, drawing, all seated manual work (watchmaking, electronics, laboratory, clothing, ...) or driving a vehicle. The body must therefore be placed in such a way that the hands can perform their function. It is thus generally found with a trunk oriented substantially vertically. On the contrary, in "passive" occupations, such as discussions, moments of reflection or relaxation, the hands are much less stressed and the body can be placed so that the back is resting against a backrest, the trunk tilted rearward.
Les concepteurs de sièges destinés au travail assis les construisent de manière à éviter toute sollicitation de la musculature. Si cette approche est juste lors des phases d'occupation "passives", ce qui permet au corps de se reposer, elle est préjudiciable à l'organisme en phases d'occupation "active". Il apparaît, en effet, que ce qui, au départ, est perçu comme un confort supplémentaire, conduit à un affaiblissement des muscles de sustentation, ce qui peut engendrer de nombreux désagréments, les lombalgies étant les plus fréquentes.The designers of seats intended for seated work build them in such a way as to avoid any stress on the muscles. If this approach is correct during the "passive" occupation phases, which allows the body to rest, it is detrimental to the organism during the "active" occupation phases. It appears, in fact, that what is perceived at the outset as additional comfort, leads to a weakening of the lifting muscles, which can cause many inconveniences, low back pain being the most frequent.
L'expérience semble montrer que les problèmes de santé, rencontrés par des personnes travaillant assises, pourraient provenir d'un affaiblissement de la musculature de sustentation. Cette musculature ne participe pas directement à la mobilité de la personne, mais lui permet d'assurer une position d'équilibre, tant lorsque la personne est debout, à l'arrêt ou se déplaçant, que lorsqu'elle est assise ou accroupie. Elle ne peut se développer ou se maintenir harmonieusement que dans la mesure où elle est sollicitée de manière régulière, tout en évitant une crispation de l'un ou l'autre muscle.Experience seems to show that the health problems encountered by people working while seated, could arise from a weakening of the lifting musculature. This musculature does not directly participate in the mobility of the person, but allows it to ensure a position of equilibrium, both when the person is standing, stationary or moving, as when sitting or squatting. It cannot develop or maintain harmoniously as to the extent that it is solicited on a regular basis, while avoiding the tension of one or the other muscle.
Le but de la présente invention est de fournir un siège muni d'une selle ergonomique qui oblige pratiquement l'usager à prendre une posture dans laquelle sa musculature de sustentation est naturellement et automatiquement sollicitée, évitant ainsi des problèmes de santé.The object of the present invention is to provide a seat provided with an ergonomic saddle which practically forces the user to assume a posture in which his lifting musculature is naturally and automatically stressed, thus avoiding health problems.
De façon plus précise l'invention concerne un module d'assise qui comporte:More specifically, the invention relates to a seat module which comprises:
- un bâti muni d'un pommeau,- a frame fitted with a pommel,
- un cadre muni d'un troussequin, ledit bâti et ledit cadre présentant une symétrie planaire,a frame provided with a cantle, said frame and said frame having planar symmetry,
- des moyens de liaison du cadre au bâti, comprenant une articulation qui permet au cadre de basculer, par rapport au bâti, autour d'un axe perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie, etmeans for connecting the frame to the frame, comprising an articulation which allows the frame to tilt, relative to the frame, about an axis perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, and
- une assise reliant le cadre au pommeau et constituée d'une membrane élastique ayant pour fonction de définir une position de repos du cadre par rapport au bâti et de tendre à le ramener dans cette position lorsqu'un utilisateur l'a fait basculer dans un sens ou dans l'autre.- A seat connecting the frame to the knob and consisting of an elastic membrane whose function is to define a rest position of the frame relative to the frame and to tend to bring it back into this position when a user has tilted it in a one way or the other.
Le module d'assise selon l'invention comporte encore les principales caractéristiques suivantes:The seat module according to the invention also has the following main characteristics:
- en position de repos, le cadre est incliné vers l'avant d'un angle d'environ 10° par rapport au sol;- in the rest position, the frame is tilted forward by an angle of about 10 ° relative to the ground;
- le bâti a, en plan, la forme d'un T, dont la jambe, disposée dans le plan de symétrie, s'étend vers l'avant et est recourbée vers le haut pour se terminer par le pommeau;- The frame has, in plan, the shape of a T, whose leg, arranged in the plane of symmetry, extends forward and is bent upward to end with the pommel;
- les bras du T ont leurs extrémités relevées pour former l'articulation avec le bâti;- The arms of the T have their ends raised to form the articulation with the frame;
- le cadre est une fourche qui a, en plan, la forme d'un U d'axe disposé dans le plan de symétrie, dont la traverse, relevée, constitue le troussequin et dont les deux dents s'étendent vers l'avant, sensiblement jusqu'au pommeau, en dessous de lui; - la membrane forme une surface d'appui convexe selon une ligne perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie et concave selon une ligne inscrite dans ce plan;- the frame is a fork which has, in plan, the shape of a U of axis arranged in the plane of symmetry, whose cross member, raised, constitutes the cantle and whose two teeth extend forward, substantially to the pommel, below it; - The membrane forms a convex bearing surface along a line perpendicular to the plane of symmetry and concave along a line written in this plane;
- la membrane est fixée entre le pommeau et le troussequin, entre les deux dents de la fourche, et entre les extrémités des dents et le pommeau;- the membrane is fixed between the pommel and the cantle, between the two teeth of the fork, and between the ends of the teeth and the pommel;
- la membrane est recouverte d'une galette formant coussin et comporte une rainure longitudinale destinée à former un espace pour recevoir le coccyx de l'utilisateur. La présente invention concerne également un siège muni d'un support en contact avec le sol et d'un module d'assise tel que défini ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que le support comporte un bras s'étendant vers l'avant et vers le haut et portant une barre transversale formant appui aux genoux de l'utilisateur et rembourrée pour former un coussin. D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre, faite en regard du dessin annexé, dans lequel:- The membrane is covered with a pad forming a cushion and has a longitudinal groove intended to form a space for receiving the coccyx of the user. The present invention also relates to a seat provided with a support in contact with the ground and with a seat module as defined above, characterized in that the support comprises an arm extending forward and towards the top and carrying a transverse bar forming support to the knees of the user and padded to form a cushion. Other characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
- les figures 1 et 2 représentent le bâti et la fourche d'un module d'assise selon l'invention, respectivement vus de dessus et en coupe selon la ligne ll-ll de la figure 1; - la figure 3 montre principalement la fourche, vue de dessus, dotée de sa membrane élastique;- Figures 1 and 2 show the frame and the fork of a seat module according to the invention, respectively seen from above and in section along the line II-II of Figure 1; - Figure 3 mainly shows the fork, seen from above, with its elastic membrane;
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe du module d'assise, toujours selon ll-ll; et- Figure 4 is a sectional view of the seat module, still along ll-ll; and
- la figure 5 montre un siège selon l'invention. Le module d'assise - ou selle - selon l'invention comporte essentiellement un bâti 10, un cadre en forme de fourche 12, une charnière 14 reliant, de manière articulée, le bâti 10 et la fourche 12, et un membrane élastique 16, visible seulement sur les figures 3 et 4. La selle présente une structure symétrique en référence à un plan vertical passant par les lignes ll-ll des figures 1 et 3. De manière plus précise, le bâti 10 a, en plan, la forme d'un T, dont la jambe 18, placée dans l'axe ll-ll, s'étend vers l'avant et est recourbée vers le haut pour se terminer par un pommeau 20. Les bras 22 du T, perpendiculaires à l'axe, ont leurs extrémités 22a relevées et percées d'un trou non visible au dessin. Le bâti 10 possède une portion centrale 24 munie de trous 24a pour permettre de fixer la selle sur un support, comme cela sera expliqué plus loin.- Figure 5 shows a seat according to the invention. The seat module - or saddle - according to the invention essentially comprises a frame 10, a fork-shaped frame 12, a hinge 14 connecting, in an articulated manner, the frame 10 and the fork 12, and an elastic membrane 16, visible only in FIGS. 3 and 4. The saddle has a symmetrical structure with reference to a vertical plane passing through the lines ll-ll of FIGS. 1 and 3. More specifically, the frame 10 has, in plan, the shape of a T, whose leg 18, placed in the axis ll-ll, extends forward and is bent upward to end by a knob 20. The arms 22 of the T, perpendicular to the axis, have their ends 22a raised and pierced with a hole not visible in the drawing. The frame 10 has a central portion 24 provided with holes 24a to allow the saddle to be fixed on a support, as will be explained below.
La fourche 12 a, en plan, la forme d'un U d'axe ll-ll. Sa traverse 26, légèrement relevée et recourbée, fait office de troussequin et ses deux dents 28 s'étendent vers l'avant, sensiblement jusqu'au pommeau 20, en dessous de lui, à quelques centimètres.The fork 12 has, in plan, the shape of a U of axis ll-ll. Its cross 26, slightly raised and curved, acts as a cantle and its two teeth 28 extend forward, substantially up to the pommel 20, below it, a few centimeters.
On notera que, dans la position de repos de la selle, représentée au dessin, la pointe du troussequin 26 se trouve sensiblement à la même hauteur que le pommeau 20, et que la fourche 12 est inclinée vers l'avant d'un angle d'environ 10° par rapport au sol. Les dents 28 de la fourche sont munies, sensiblement en leur milieu, d'une patte 30 s'étendant vers le bas, chacune adjacente une extrémité 22a du bâti et munie d'un trou coaxial. Des paliers engagés dans ces trous et des tiges, engagées dans les paliers, forment la charnière 14 qui permet ainsi de faire pivoter la fourche 12 par rapport au bâti 10 autour d'un axe A-A. De manière avantageuse, le bâti 10 et la fourche 12 sont réalisés respectivement en aluminium et en acier.It will be noted that, in the rest position of the saddle, shown in the drawing, the tip of the cantle 26 is substantially at the same height as the knob 20, and that the fork 12 is tilted forward by an angle d '' about 10 ° from the ground. The teeth 28 of the fork are provided, substantially in their middle, with a tab 30 extending downward, each adjacent one end 22a of the frame and provided with a coaxial hole. Bearings engaged in these holes and rods engaged in the bearings form the hinge 14 which thus allows the fork 12 to pivot relative to the frame 10 about an axis A-A. Advantageously, the frame 10 and the fork 12 are made respectively of aluminum and steel.
La figure 3 montre que la membrane élastique 16 est fixée:FIG. 3 shows that the elastic membrane 16 is fixed:
- premièrement, entre le pommeau 20 et le troussequin 26,firstly, between the knob 20 and the cantle 26,
- deuxièmement, entre les deux dents 28 de la fourche 12, et - troisièmement, entre les extrémités des dents 28 et le pommeau 20.- secondly, between the two teeth 28 of the fork 12, and - thirdly, between the ends of the teeth 28 and the knob 20.
La membrane 16 peut être faite en n'importe quel matériau élastique, en PVC par exemple, sous forme de tissu, comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4, ou de film, d'une pièce ou en bandes. Dans ce dernier cas, un premier ensemble de bandes 16a relie le pommeau 20 au troussequin 26, un deuxième ensemble 16b relie entre elles les deux dents 28, ce deuxième ensemble recouvrant le premier, et un troisième ensemble 16c relie les extrémités des dents 28 au pommeau 20 .The membrane 16 can be made of any elastic material, PVC for example, in the form of fabric, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, or of film, in one piece or in strips. In the latter case, a first set of bands 16a connects the knob 20 to the cantle 26, a second set 16b connects the two teeth 28 together, this second set covering the first, and a third assembly 16c connects the ends of the teeth 28 to the knob 20.
En raison de la forme de la fourche 12 et de la position du pommeau 20, la membrane 16 présente une forme de selle de cheval, avec une concavité entre le troussequin 26 et le pommeau 20 et une convexité entre les deux dents 28. Grâce à ces caractéristiques, la membrane 16 a pour fonction:Due to the shape of the fork 12 and the position of the pommel 20, the membrane 16 has the shape of a horse saddle, with a concavity between the cantle 26 and the pommel 20 and a convexity between the two teeth 28. Thanks to these characteristics, the membrane 16 has the function:
- de définir la position de repos de la fourche 12 par rapport au bâti 10, position prise lorsque personne n'est assis sur la selle, etto define the rest position of the fork 12 relative to the frame 10, position taken when no one is seated on the saddle, and
- de ramener la fourche 12 dans cette position de repos au moment où la selle est quittée par une personne qui l'a fait basculer vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière.- Bringing the fork 12 back into this rest position when the saddle is left by a person who has tipped it forwards or backwards.
Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 4, la selle selon l'invention peut avantageusement être complétée par une galette 32, formant coussin, recouvrant totalement la membrane 16 et fixée à celle-ci de manière permanente ou amovible. Cette galette peut être constituée d'une enveloppe en tissu contenant un rembourrage élastique ou formé d'un gel. De manière avantageuse, elle est munie d'une rainure longitudinale 34 s'étendant sur toute la longueur du coussin. De la sorte, le coccyx de l'occupant de la selle n'est pas compressé, ce qui améliore son confort et permet d'éviter certains dommages, notamment au niveau de la colonne vertébrale.As can be seen in Figure 4, the saddle according to the invention can advantageously be supplemented by a pad 32, forming a cushion, completely covering the membrane 16 and fixed to the latter permanently or removably. This cake can be made of a fabric envelope containing an elastic padding or formed of a gel. Advantageously, it is provided with a longitudinal groove 34 extending over the entire length of the cushion. In this way, the coccyx of the saddle occupant is not compressed, which improves its comfort and makes it possible to avoid certain damage, in particular at the level of the spinal column.
La figure 5 montre que le module d'assise précédemment décrit permet d'équiper un siège formé d'un support 36 qui comprend, de manière connue, une colonne centrale télescopique 38 et des pieds 40 disposés radialement, chacun muni d'une roulette 42. La colonne 38 porte, à son extrémité supérieure, un module d'assise 44 selon l'invention, qui est fixé par son bâti 10.FIG. 5 shows that the seat module previously described makes it possible to equip a seat formed with a support 36 which comprises, in known manner, a telescopic central column 38 and feet 40 arranged radially, each provided with a roller 42 The column 38 carries, at its upper end, a seat module 44 according to the invention, which is fixed by its frame 10.
Un tel siège, formant ainsi un tabouret, peut avantageusement être utilisé par des personnes travaillant essentiellement en position "active", par exemple un dentiste ou un horloger. Il peut être complété, comme représenté sur cette figure, par un dossier 46 fixé au troussequin 26 et permettant de prendre une position "passive".Such a seat, thus forming a stool, can advantageously be used by people working essentially in the "active" position, for example a dentist or a watchmaker. It can be completed, as shown on this figure, by a backrest 46 fixed to the troussequin 26 and making it possible to take a "passive" position.
Lorsque l'usager travaille fréquemment en position "active", il est intéressant de munir le siège d'une barre d'appui transversale 48 pour les genoux, avantageusement rembourrée et recouverte d'un tissu ou de cuir, afin que le contact soit agréable. Cette barre est fixée au support 36, de manière permanente ou amovible, au moyen d'un bras 50. Celui-ci possède une roulette 42 et est avantageusement relié pivotant ou coulissant au support 36, de manière à ce qu'il puisse être escamoté lorsque l'utilisateur doit souvent quitter son siège.When the user frequently works in the "active" position, it is advantageous to provide the seat with a transverse support bar 48 for the knees, advantageously padded and covered with a fabric or leather, so that the contact is pleasant . This bar is fixed to the support 36, permanently or removable, by means of an arm 50. The latter has a roller 42 and is advantageously pivotally or slidingly connected to the support 36, so that it can be retracted when the user often has to leave his seat.
On relèvera que la pression des genoux contre la barre 48 est faible. Celle-ci ne participe donc que peu à l'assise de l'utilisateur. Elle lui évite, par contre, de croiser les jambes, et ainsi, certains désagréments associés à cette habitude. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5, le bras 50 est fixé au support 36 au voisinage des pieds 40, soit très près du sol. De la sorte, il n'entrave pas ou peu le mouvement lorsque l'utilisateur prend place sur son siège ou le quitte.It will be noted that the pressure of the knees against the bar 48 is low. It therefore participates very little in the sitting of the user. On the other hand, it prevents him from crossing his legs, and thus, certain inconveniences associated with this habit. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the arm 50 is fixed to the support 36 in the vicinity of the feet 40, that is to say very close to the ground. In this way, it does not or hardly hinder movement when the user takes his seat or leaves it.
Enfin, de manière très avantageuse, le module d'assise 44 peut être monté articulé sur la colonne 38 grâce à un mécanisme classique 52 de bascule d'assise réglable dont profite un accoudoir 54.Finally, very advantageously, the seat module 44 can be mounted articulated on the column 38 by virtue of a conventional mechanism 52 of adjustable seat rocker which benefits from an armrest 54.
Grâce à la construction décrite, lorsque l'utilisateur s'assied pour se mettre en position "active", il trouve la selle 44 automatiquement placée dans la position de repos correspondant au maximum de confort, c'est à dire avec l'articulation fémorale à la verticale de l'articulation 14. Si l'utilisateur se penche vers l'avant, la fourche 12 accompagnera son mouvement, lui permettant d'ajuster sa posture dans un processus d'auto- sustentation qui participe au renforcement de la musculature de sustentation et tend ainsi à réduire les risques de problèmes de santé, comme évoqué ci- âessus. Lorsque, pour réfléchir ou téléphoner, l'utilisateur se met en position "passive" contre le dossier 46, la fourche 12 bascule vers l'arrière, de sorte qu'il se trouve dans une posture pour laquelle toute sa musculature est au repos. Cet ajustement automatique procure un confort optimal dû au fait que le poids de l'utilisateur est réparti de façon très uniforme sur les fesses et l'arrière des cuisses.Thanks to the construction described, when the user sits down to get into the "active" position, he finds the saddle 44 automatically placed in the rest position corresponding to maximum comfort, that is to say with the femoral joint. vertical to the articulation 14. If the user leans forward, the fork 12 will accompany his movement, allowing him to adjust his posture in a self-supporting process which contributes to the strengthening of the musculature of lift and thus tends to reduce the risk of health problems, as mentioned above. When, to reflect or telephone, the user moves to the "passive" position against the backrest 46, the fork 12 swings backwards, so that he is in a posture for which all of his muscles are at rest. This automatic adjustment provides optimal comfort due to the fact that the user's weight is distributed very evenly over the buttocks and back of the thighs.
En d'autres termes, le siège selon l'invention permet, en position "active", des ajustements de la posture favorisant le travail des muscles d'auto- sustentation, alors qu'en position "passive", ces muscles peuvent se détendre. Tant le module d'assise que le siège décrits ci-dessus peuvent faire l'objet de nombreuses variantes de réalisation. Il est, par exemple, possible de prévoir des organes de réglage et, plus particulièrement, des butées (non représentées) limitant, des deux côtés, le mouvement de basculement de la fourche 12 sur le bâti 10. Le pommeau 20 peut aussi être doté de moyens permettant de modifier sa position en référence au bâti 10. On peut également envisager une structure dissymétrique, destinée à un utilisateur infirme, soit au niveau de la galette 32, soit dans la forme du troussequin 26.In other words, the seat according to the invention allows, in the "active" position, posture adjustments favoring the work of the self-supporting muscles, while in the "passive" position, these muscles can relax . Both the seat module and the seat described above can be the subject of numerous variant embodiments. It is, for example, possible to provide adjustment members and, more particularly, stops (not shown) limiting, on both sides, the tilting movement of the fork 12 on the frame 10. The knob 20 can also be provided means making it possible to modify its position with reference to the frame 10. It is also possible to envisage an asymmetrical structure, intended for a disabled user, either at the level of the wafer 32, or in the form of the cantle 26.
La liaison articulée, par la charnière 14, entre le bâti 10 et la fourche 12, peut être assurée au moyen d'une rotule. Dans ce cas, le mécanisme d'auto- sustentation s'effectuera aussi bien d'avant en arrière que de côté.The articulated connection, by the hinge 14, between the frame 10 and the fork 12, can be ensured by means of a ball joint. In this case, the self-supporting mechanism will operate from front to back as well as from the side.
La position de la charnière 14 peut aussi avantageusement être réglable dans les sens avant-arrière, de manière à ce qu'elle se trouve parfaitement alignée sur les ischions lorsque l'utilisateur est assis.The position of the hinge 14 can also advantageously be adjustable in the front-rear directions, so that it is perfectly aligned with the ischia when the user is seated.
D'autres moyens de réglage sont possibles pour faire varier la distance entre le pommeau 20 et le troussequin 26, afin d'ajuster la tension de la membrane élastique 16.Other adjustment means are possible to vary the distance between the knob 20 and the cantle 26, in order to adjust the tension of the elastic membrane 16.
La selle 44 est avantageusement fixée au support 36 par son bâti 10. Il est aussi envisageable d'assurer la fixation par le troussequin 26 lui-même. La fonction de ressort assurée par la membrane élastique 16 peut également être renforcée par des ressorts disposés spécialement à cet effet, par exemple à torsion, à traction ou à compression.The saddle 44 is advantageously fixed to the support 36 by its frame 10. It is also possible to provide the fixing by the cantle 26 itself. The spring function provided by the elastic membrane 16 can also be reinforced by springs specially arranged for this purpose, for example torsion, traction or compression.
On notera, enfin, qu'il peut être avantageux de doter le dossier 46 d'une zone d'appui lombaire indépendante à contact permanent débrayable. Finally, it should be noted that it may be advantageous to provide the backrest 46 with an independent lumbar support area with disengageable permanent contact.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Module d'assise pour siège, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte:1. Seat module for seat, characterized in that it comprises:
- un bâti (10) muni d'un pommeau (20), - un cadre (12) disposé au-dessus du bâti et muni d'un troussequin- a frame (10) provided with a pommel (20), - a frame (12) arranged above the frame and provided with a cantle
(26), ledit bâti et ledit cadre présentant une symétrie planaire,(26), said frame and said frame having planar symmetry,
- des moyens de liaison du cadre au bâti, comportant une articulation (14) qui permet au cadre (12) de basculer, par rapport au bâti (10), autour d'un axe perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie, et - une assise reliant le cadre (12) au pommeau (20) et constituée d'une membrane élastique (16) ayant pour fonction de définir une position de repos du cadre (12) par rapport au bâti (10) et de tendre à le ramener dans cette position lorsqu'un utilisateur l'a fait basculer dans un sens ou dans l'autre. - means for connecting the frame to the frame, comprising an articulation (14) which allows the frame (12) to tilt, relative to the frame (10), about an axis perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, and - a connecting seat the frame (12) with the knob (20) and constituted by an elastic membrane (16) having the function of defining a rest position of the frame (12) relative to the frame (10) and of tending to bring it back into this position when a user tipped it one way or the other.
2. Module d'assise selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'en position de repos, le cadre (12) est incliné vers l'avant d'un angle d'environ 10° par rapport au sol.2. Seat module according to claim 1, characterized in that in the rest position, the frame (12) is tilted forward by an angle of about 10 ° relative to the ground.
3. Module d'assise selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bâti (10) a, en plan, la forme d'un T, dont la jambe (18), disposée dans le plan de symétrie, s'étend vers l'avant et est recourbée vers le haut pour se terminer par ledit pommeau (20).3. Seat module according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (10) has, in plan, the shape of a T, whose leg (18), disposed in the plane of symmetry, extends towards the front and is curved upward to end with said knob (20).
4. Module d'assise selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les bras (22) du T ont leurs extrémités (22a) relevées pour former l'articulation avec le bâti (10). 4. Seat module according to claim 3, characterized in that the arms (22) of the T have their ends (22a) raised to form the articulation with the frame (10).
5. Module d'assise selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le cadre (12) est une fourche qui a, en plan, la forme d'un U d'axe disposé dans le plan de symétrie, dont la traverse (26), relevée, constitue ledit troussequin et dont les deux dents (28) s'étendent vers l'avant, sensiblement jusqu'au pommeau (20), en dessous de lui. 5. Seat module according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (12) is a fork which has, in plan, the shape of a U of axis disposed in the plane of symmetry, including the cross (26 ), raised, constitutes said cantle and the two teeth (28) of which extend forward, substantially up to the pommel (20), below it.
6. Module d'assise selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite membrane (16) forme une surface d'appui convexe selon une ligne perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie et concave selon une ligne inscrite dans ce plan. 6. Seat module according to claim 5, characterized in that said membrane (16) forms a convex bearing surface along a line perpendicular to the plane of symmetry and concave along a line inscribed in this plane.
7. Module d'assise selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite membrane (16) est fixée:7. Seat module according to claim 6, characterized in that said membrane (16) is fixed:
- entre le pommeau (20) et le troussequin (26),- between the pommel (20) and the cantle (26),
- entre les deux dents (28) de la fourche (12), et- between the two teeth (28) of the fork (12), and
- entre les extrémités des dents (28) et le pommeau (20). - between the ends of the teeth (28) and the pommel (20).
8. Module d'assise selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite membrane (16) est recouverte d'une galette (32) formant coussin.8. Seat module according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said membrane (16) is covered with a wafer (32) forming a cushion.
9. Module d'assise selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite galette (32) comporte une rainure longitudinale (34) destinée à former un espace pour recevoir le coccyx de l'utilisateur.9. Seat module according to claim 8, characterized in that said wafer (32) has a longitudinal groove (34) intended to form a space for receiving the coccyx of the user.
10. Siège muni d'un support (36) en contact avec le sol et d'un module d'assise (44) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 et fixée sur ledit support, caractérisé en ce que ledit support comporte un bras (50) s'étendant vers l'avant et vers le haut et portant une barre transversale (48) formant appui aux genoux de l'utilisateur. 10. Seat provided with a support (36) in contact with the ground and with a seat module (44) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and fixed on said support, characterized in that said support comprises a arms (50) extending forward and upward and carrying a transverse bar (48) forming support for the user's knees.
EP03719045A 2002-04-02 2003-03-14 Ergonomic seating module and seat fitted with said module Expired - Lifetime EP1489945B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03719045A EP1489945B1 (en) 2002-04-02 2003-03-14 Ergonomic seating module and seat fitted with said module

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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EP02405251 2002-04-02
EP02405251A EP1350447A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 Ergonomic seating module and seat provided therewith
EP03719045A EP1489945B1 (en) 2002-04-02 2003-03-14 Ergonomic seating module and seat fitted with said module
PCT/IB2003/001899 WO2003082057A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2003-03-14 Ergonomic seating module and seat fitted with said module

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EP1489945A1 true EP1489945A1 (en) 2004-12-29
EP1489945B1 EP1489945B1 (en) 2007-09-05

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EP (2) EP1350447A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4332034B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE372073T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003223073A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60316129T2 (en)
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EP1350447A1 (en) 2003-10-08
ES2294274T3 (en) 2008-04-01
JP4332034B2 (en) 2009-09-16
ATE372073T1 (en) 2007-09-15
DE60316129T2 (en) 2008-06-05
DE60316129D1 (en) 2007-10-18
WO2003082057A1 (en) 2003-10-09
EP1489945B1 (en) 2007-09-05
US7287815B2 (en) 2007-10-30
JP2005521443A (en) 2005-07-21
AU2003223073A1 (en) 2003-10-13
US20050116527A1 (en) 2005-06-02

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