EP1472396B1 - Device for shed formation and jacquard loom comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a device comprising rigid or semirigid shafts ( 120 ) and at least a member ( 200 ) provided with orifices ( 203 ) for the passage and direct guiding in translation and angular positioning of a shaft in its controlled rocking movements (F<SUB>1</SUB>). Said member ( 200 ) is mobile, with two degrees of freedom relative to the loom frame, in translation (F<SUB>4</SUB>), along a direction globally parallel to the direction (A-A') of the weft yarns, and in rotation (P<SUB>4</SUB>), about an axis (Z<SUB>1</SUB>Z'<SUB>1</SUB>) globally parallel to the translational direction (A-A') of the shafts. Said member ( 200 ) can be positioned (F<SUB>4</SUB>, P<SUB>4</SUB>) by the warp yarns ( 103 ) which pass through the eyelets ( 127 ) of the shafts ( 120 ) which it guides.

Description

The invention relates to a shedding device for a jacquard loom. The invention also relates to a loom equipped with such a device.

In Jacquard looms, it is known to use planks called "planks" to position the arches of the harness of a loom in a horizontal plane perpendicular to their direction of respective oscillations. These planks are generally fixed relative to the frame of the craft, so that the spatial distribution of arches and associated smooth can not be easily adapted to the crowd to achieve. Such fixed plow boards can also be used, as described in FR-A-2,811,687 , to guide semi-rigid heddles controlled in oscillations by one of their ends. As before, no adaptation of the spatial distribution of the smooth can be considered.

As described in FR-A-2 407 284 or JP-A-04 136 228 some trades can be equipped with mobile boards with a single degree of freedom between two positions and pierced holes passage arcades of a Jacquard loom. This does not effectively guide the smooth because the arches are likely to deform, linearly and torsion, despite their tension. This system therefore does not allow to adapt, with good accuracy, the positioning of the smooth to the desired crowd.

It is to these drawbacks that the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a device for forming the crowd making it possible to obtain a high density and a high accuracy of the implantation of the smooth.

In this spirit, the invention relates to a shedding device which comprises, inter alia, rigid or semi-rigid webs and at least one member provided with openings for direct passage and guiding, in translation, of a web. smooth in its movement of controlled oscillations, while this member is movable, with two degrees of freedom, relative to the frame of the craft, in translation, in a direction generally parallel to the direction of the weft son, and in rotation, around of an axis generally parallel to the direction of translation of the rails, and that this member is adapted to be positioned in translation and pivoting by the warp son through the eyelets smooth that guide.

Thanks to the two degrees of freedom of the organ provided with passage orifices and. guiding the smooth, the position of this member can be adjusted in translation and / or pivoting, accurately and continuously, depending on the article to be made, while the direct guide rails by this member ensures their precise positioning . Self-positioning of this member can thus be obtained by the tension of the warp threads passing through the rails, these rails being sufficiently rigid to be able to influence the position of this member. It is therefore possible to arrange the heddles with a high density, these being correctly positioned and with a great precision, in particular thanks to the fact that the healds interact directly, that is to say are in sliding contact, with the guiding member, which is a significant difference compared to devices in which arches more or less strained rub rub on bar tabs. The rails have a stiffness sufficient to transmit to the guide member a positioning force, unlike the arcade son.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the openings for passage and guidance of the healds are capable of defining the angular positioning of the heddles around their axis of oscillations. Thus, the eyelets carried by the healds are correctly positioned with respect to the direction of incidence of the corresponding warp yarns.

According to a particularly advantageous aspect of the invention, the openings for passage and guide rails have a non-circular section, while the rails also have a non-circular section. This aspect of the invention makes it possible to control the angular positioning of the stringers around their central axis by cooperation of shapes between the stringers and the passage and guide holes.

• Les orifices de passage et de guidage sont alignés en une rangée s'étendant globalement selon la direction d'empoutage du métier.
• L'organe pourvu d'orifices de passage et de guidage des lisses est apte à reposer sur au moins un rail s'étendant selon une direction globalement parallèle à la direction de passage des fils de trame. Il peut être prévu des moyens de verrouillage de cet organe sur ce rail.
• L'organe comprend des logements aptes à recevoir chacun une extrémité d'une gaine de guidage d'un élément de transmission d'effort à l'une des lisses, ces logements étant chacun disposés en regard d'un orifice de passage et de guidage d'une lisse. Chaque logement se prolonge par des orifices de passage d'un élément de transmission d'effort et de parties d'une lisse associé à cet élément.
• L'organe précité est pourvu, sur au moins une face latérale, d'un relief apte à coopérer avec un relief correspondant prévu sur une face latérale d'un organe adjacent, en vue d'une imbrication partielle de ces organes.

According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the device incorporates one or more of the following features:

• The passage and guide holes are aligned in a row extending generally in the direction of bunching of the loom.
• The member provided with openings for the passage and guidance of the rails is able to rest on at least one rail extending in a direction generally parallel to the direction of passage of the weft threads. It can be provided means for locking this member on this rail.
• The member comprises housings each adapted to receive one end of a guide sheath of a force transmission element to one of the hinges, these housings being each arranged opposite a passage and guide hole of a smooth. Each housing is extended by passage openings of an element of transmission of effort and parts of a bar associated with this element.
• The aforementioned member is provided, on at least one lateral face, with a relief capable of cooperating with a corresponding relief provided on a lateral face of an adjacent member, with a view to a partial imbrication of these members.

The invention finally relates to a loom equipped with a shedding device as previously described. This job is easier to implement and adjust than the trades of the prior art, especially during a change of crowd.

• La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un métier à tisser conforme à l'invention ;
• La figure 2 est une vue de principe dans le plan II et selon les flèches F₂ à la figure 1, le nombre de fils de chaîne étant réduit à neuf et le nombre de barrettes étant réduit à trois pour la clarté du dessin ;
• La figure 3 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 dans une autre configuration d'utilisation du métier ;
• La figure 4 est une vue partielle et en perspective éclatée, d'une partie du dispositif de formation de la foule utilisée sur le métier de la figure 1 ;
• La figure 5 est une coupe partielle selon la ligne V-V à la figure 4 ;
• La figure 6 est une vue, partielle et avec arrachement, selon la flèche F₆ à la figure 4 ;
• La figure 7 est une représentation en perspective du détail VII à la figure 6 et
• La figure 8 est une vue analogue à la figure 6, à plus petite échelle, pour un dispositif de formation de la foule conforme à un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.

The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of two embodiments of a crowd forming device and a craft in accordance with its principle. , given solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

• The figure 1 is a perspective view of a loom according to the invention;
• The figure 2 is a principle view in plane II and in arrows F ₂ to the figure 1 , the number of warp son being reduced to nine and the number of bars being reduced to three for the clarity of the drawing;
• The figure 3 is a view similar to the figure 2 in another configuration of use of the trade;
• The figure 4 is a partial exploded perspective view of part of the crowd forming device used on the figure 1 ;
• The figure 5 is a partial section along the line VV to the figure 4 ;
• The figure 6 is a view, partial and broken away, according to the arrow F ₆ at the figure 4 ;
• The figure 7 is a perspective representation of detail VII to the figure 6 and
• The figure 8 is a view similar to the figure 6 , on a smaller scale, for a shedding device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

The trade M represented at figure 1 comprises a beam 101 and a coil 102 between which the warp threads 103 of the loom circulate. AA 'is the direction of the pick on the trade M, that is to say the direction of the weft son.

The loom M also comprises a frame 104 supporting the elements 101 and 102 and a not shown system for passing the picks. The frame 104 is extended by a superstructure 105 disposed above the main part of the loom M and supporting a device 110 for driving and selecting the heddles.

A smooth 120 of this craft is more particularly visible to figures 4 and 5 . It is made in a strip of metal, for example steel, and comprises, on its lateral faces 121 and 122, two folds 123 and 124 which extend over substantially the entire height of the rail 120 and define two branches 125 and 126 disposed in two Y ₁₂₅ and Y _{126 directions} parallel to each other. Smooth 120 therefore has a generally flattened Z-shaped cross section. For the purposes of the present invention, S or Z shapes are equivalent because they correspond in fact to two directions of observation of the same section. This smooth 120 has a significant rigidity.

The arm 120 is also provided with an eyelet 127 for passing a warp thread 103.

Each arm 120 is associated with a semi-rigid rod 130 made, for example, of carbon which controls its vertical oscillations, these oscillations being represented by the double arrow F ₁ at the figure 4 . The assembly between the rail 120 and the rod 130 is carried out by any appropriate means, preferably reversible. Each ring 130 extends between the beam 120 which it drives and the device 110, inside a sheath 140 for guiding and protecting against the external environment.

To the figure 1 , only a portion of the sheaths 140 is shown for clarity of the drawing. In practice, the number of rods 130 and sheaths 140 is adapted to the number of smooth 120 of the trade.

A bar 200 serves to guide each bar 120 in its movement of oscillations and vertical translations. This bar 200 is made of plastic material and comprises two crossbars 201 and 202 in which are formed two series of orifices 203 and 204.

Only one smooth is represented Figures 4 to 8 for the clarity of the drawing. In practice, a large number of healds can be provided, each bar 200 being able to guide as many heddles 120 as it has orifices 203 and 204.

As is clear from the figure 5 each orifice 203 has a shape adapted to the cross section of the beam 120 that it receives, which enables it to guide it in its translational movement 1. More specifically, the orifice 203 has a Z-shaped cross section flattened and forms two branches 203 ₅ and 203 ₆ in which are engaged the branches 125 and 126 of the cross section of the rail 120. The angular position of each rail 120 about its longitudinal axis ZZ 'is imposed by the cooperation of branches 203 ₅ and 125, on the one hand, 203 ₆ and 126, on the other hand.

An orifice 204 appears more clearly to figures 6 and 7 . It comprises an inlet zone 204 ₁ into which the lower end 140 ₁ of a sheath 140 can be introduced. A shoulder 204 ₂ forms a stop for the insertion of the end 140 ₁ . Opposite the inlet side of the end 140 ₁ , the orifice 204 is extended by a conduit 204 ₃ for passage of the rod 130.

The orifice 204 also comprises two branches 204 ₅ and 204 ₆ similar to the branches 203 ₅ and 203 ₆ of the orifice 203 and allowing the passage of the branches 125 and 126 through the orifice 204. It is thus possible to remove a smooth 120 of the bar 200 by extracting it from above through the corresponding orifice 204, as represented by the arrow F ₃ at the figure 6 .

The device for forming the shed of the craft M comprises several bars 200, some of which are shown in phantom with figures 4 and 5 . These bars rest on two rails 251 and 252 which are supported by the frame 104 and extend in directions generally parallel to the direction A-A '. Bars 200 and equivalent are each provided with two hooks 206 and 207 allowing them to bear on rails 251 and 252.

The bar 200 shown in Figures 4 to 7 comprises twenty-four orifices 203 for passing and guiding a bar 120 and twenty-four orifices 204 partially receiving a sheath 140, the orifices 203 and 204 being aligned in pairs in a direction parallel to the direction of sliding slats 120 which is parallel to their longitudinal axes Z-Z '.

The operation of the crowd-forming device will now be explained with reference to Figures 2 and 3 or three bars of the type of the bar 200 have been shown, each with three orifices similar to the orifices 203. Of course, the number of orifices of the bars 200 is not limited and is the result of a design choice, particularly with regard to the depth of stuffing of the loom. The choice of three holes for the representation of Figures 2 and 3 was dictated by a concern for clarity of the drawings.

As is clear from the Figures 2 and 3 , the bars 200 are supported on the rails 251 and 252 and can slide parallel to the direction A-A ', as represented by the double arrow F ₄ .

The respective dimensions of the tabs 206 and 207 and rails 251 and 252 are such that a pivoting movement of each bar 200 is possible around a central axis Z ₁ -Z ' ₁ parallel to the direction Z-Z', pivoting movement being represented by the double arrow P ₄ .

Thus, the angle of the bars 200 with respect to the direction AA 'can go from a relatively small value α ₁ , represented in FIG. figure 2 , at a value α ₂ larger, visible at the figure 3 , depending on the density of the warp threads 103 and / or the heddles 120 on the plow depth. Likewise, the spacing between two consecutive bars decreases, from a value e ₁ to a value e ₂ , during the passage of the configuration of the figure 2 to that of the figure 3 . Steps are taken to prevent a bar 200 from interfering with the warp son traversing the rails guided by a neighboring bar, in particular by limiting the minimum value of the gap between two consecutive bars.

The tension T of the warp threads 103 and their orientation, generally in a direction BB 'perpendicular to the direction A-A', enable the bars 200 to be positioned with respect to the rails 251 and 252 both in translation according to the arrow F ₄ and pivoting along the arrow P ₄ .

Thus, each bar 200 can be positioned with two degrees of freedom with respect to the rails 251 and 252, that is to say with respect to the frame 104, which allows a fine and continuous adjustment of the position of the guide bars. 200 and, consequently, slats 120.

As can be seen from the comparison of Figures 2 and 3 it is possible to arrange the strips 200 with a greater or lesser density in the direction A-A '. The adjustment of this density is obtained continuously, in that the bars 200 can take any suitable position along the rails 251 and 252. Likewise, the adjustment in orientation of the bars 200 around their respective central axes Z ₁ -Z ₁ can be carried out continuously.

When a satisfactory position of the bars 200 is obtained, they can be immobilized on the rails 251 and 252 by means of hooks 253 and 254 hinged respectively along axes X ₂₅₃ and X ₂₅₄ parallel to the main directions of the rails 251 and 252. 252.

To do this, the bar 200 is provided with two elastically deformable tabs 208 and 209 for cooperating respectively with the hooks 253 and 254 for the immobilization of the bar. The bar 200 forms, opposite the tab 208, a heel 210 intended to prevent plastic deformation of the tab 208, during the introduction of the hook 253. In the same way, a heel 211 is intended to serve as a stop deformation of the tab 209, during the establishment of the hook 254.

Given the geometry of the orifices 203 and 204 and the fact that the bars 200 and equivalent must be able to be juxtaposed with a high density, these strips are intended to be more or less nested within each other, as is more apparent especially of the figure 5 where two bars 200 'and 200''adjacent to the bar 200 are shown in phantom. The bars 200 'and 200''are not represented at the figure 4 .

The side faces 201a and 201b of the crosspiece 201 form corrugations intended to nest with corresponding corrugations of the webs 200 'and 200''. Corrugations of the same type are provided on the lateral faces of the cross member 202.

Taking into account that two adjacent bars have substantially the same position relative to the rails 251 and 252 and because it is preferable to use a single type of bars 200, the bars are designed to be arranged alternately in one direction. and in another around their pivot axes Z ₁ -Z ' ₁ , the hook 206 of a bar 200 bearing on the rail 251 while the hooks 207 of the two adjacent bars bear on the same rail. This allows the nesting of the aforementioned corrugations.

To facilitate the identification of the orientation of the bars 200 about their respective pivot axes Z ' ₁ -Z' ₁ , the branches 206 and 207 are respectively provided with two projections 212 and 213 arranged at different heights h ₂₁₂ and h ₂₁₃ relative to the lower ends of the hooks 206 and 207.

When a series of bars is correctly positioned on the rails 251 and 252, one sees, on each side of the assembly thus formed, an alternation of projections 212 and 213, which makes it possible to verify that the bars are well arranged alternately in both directions provided.

The immobilization obtained with the brackets 207, 208, 253 and 254 is reversible. It is indeed possible to release the hooks 253 and 254 to release the bars 200 which can then be moved in the direction of the arrows F ₄ and P ₄ . This can occur during an item change or maintenance operation. In this second case, the bars adjacent to a bar 200 may be spaced from it, for example for intervention on a rail.

In the second embodiment of the invention shown in figure 8 , the elements similar to those of the first embodiment bear identical references increased by 500. The bar 700 of this embodiment differs from the previous one, essentially in that it is not provided two separate sleepers, the type of crossbars 201 and 202, but that the orifices 703 for guiding a rail 620, and 704, constituting a housing for receiving the end of a sheath 640, are formed of a single opening formed on the height of the bar 700.

According to a not shown variant of the invention, a single immobilization lock can be provided for each bar.

The rails 120 and 620 of the two embodiments described are guided by the orifices 203 and 703 on one side of their eyelets 127 and equivalents, in this case the orifices located above the eyelets.

The invention has been shown with a smooth drive device mounted on the superstructure 105 of the machine M. However, it can be used in the case where an equivalent device would be mounted in the frame 104, between the beam 101 and the coil 102 in which case the rails 120 and the like would be controlled under the sheet of warp threads 103.

Claims (10)

1. Device for shed formation for a Jacquard loom, this device comprising rigid or semi-rigid heddles and at least one device (200; 700) provided with openings (203; 703) for the passage and direct guidance, when travelling, of a heddle (120; 620) in its movement (F₁) of controlled oscillation, characterised in that this device (200; 700) is mobile with two degrees of freedom in relation to the frame of the loom, when travelling (F₄) in a direction (A-A') as a whole parallel to the direction of the weft threads, and turning (P₄) around an axis (Z₁-Z'₁) as a whole parallel to the direction of travel (F₁) of these heddles (120; 620) and in that this device (200; 700) is able to be positioned, when travelling (F₄) and pivoting (P₄) according to the movements indicated above, by the warp threads (103, T) crossing through the eyelets (127) of the heddles (120; 620) guided by this device.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that each heddle (120; 620) is controlled in vertical oscillation (F₁) only by a semi-rigid rod (130), which connects it to an actuating device (110).
3. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that these openings (203; 703) are able to define the angular position of these heddles (120; 620) around their axis (Z-Z') of oscillation.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that these openings (203; 703) for passage and guidance have a non-circular section, whilst the corresponding frames (120; 620) have a non-circular section.
5. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that these openings (203; 703) for passage and guidance are aligned in a row extending as a whole in the direction of the harness tie of the loom.
6. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that this device (200; 700) is able to rest on at least one fixed rail (251, 252) in relation to the frame and extending in a direction on the whole parallel to the direction (A-A') for passage of the weft threads.
7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that it comprises means (208, 209, 253, 254) of locking this device (200; 700) on this rail (251, 252).
8. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that this device (200; 700) comprises housings (204; 704), each able to receive an end (140₁) of a sleeve (140) for guiding an element (130) for transmission of force to each of these heddles (120; 620), these housings each being arranged facing an opening (203; 703) for the passage and guidance of a heddle, whilst each housing (204) extends through openings (204₃-204₆) for the passage of an element (130) for transmission of force and parts (125, 126) of a heddle (120) associated with this element.
9. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that on at least one lateral face (201a, 201b) this device (200) is provided with a relief, which is able to work with a corresponding relief provided on a lateral face of an adjacent device (200', 200"), in view of the partial interleaving of these devices.
10. Loom, characterised in that it comprises a shed forming device (120-254; 620-752) according to one of the previous claims.

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