EP1405950A1 - Method of forming geobarriers for use underground and device for forming such barriers - Google Patents

Abstract

The method employs jacket shuttering for filler material. Geomatting is glued/welded into a cylinder jacket of chosen cross section, and its longitudinal edges defining the cylinder height are connected resistant to traction. A geofleece is fastened to the inside of the matting cylinder, pref. overlapping, or an open/closed fleece hose is drawn into the matting jacket. Filler material as required is filled into the hose via a filler hose and after-pressure hose. The shuttering also has a pressure measuring device. Several geosynthetic material shutterings are used together or singly. The geomatting is suitable for use in road and waterway construction, and esp. chosen from the material group SECUGRID. The geofleece is chosen from the material group SECUTEX GRK. Dependent on use, the geo-shuttering is filled with a setting construction material/water mixture, sand, and/or other bulk material.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing geobarriers for Barriers and supports in building construction and civil engineering as well as facility for Execution of the procedure.

From the German patent DE 37 32 894 C2 is a process for the production an extension support for mining and tunneling using a fabric hose and one that can be rigidly dismantled surrounding the fabric tube perforated casing formwork known. A pressure is applied to the fabric tube hardening building material-water mixture through a filler neck with a pump brought in. The fabric tube consisting of high-strength threads is passed through the pressure of the pumped building material biased against the mountains. By the increased feed pressure of the building material becomes the tangential threads of the Hose fabric placed under high lacing tension and the axial threads through Pre-stretched. In addition, due to the increased delivery pressure Building material-water mixture quickly drained, taking the fabric of the fabric hose serves as a filter medium that releases the liquid to the outside and the Retains solids. The excess water escapes over the entire Fabric hose surface and over those in the casing formwork Perforations.

A disadvantage of this method is, however, the necessary application the removable, perforated, rigid casing formwork, which is the standard version is limited to a diameter of 1 m, whereby only the production of Supports with a limited diameter are possible. It is also necessary that for each jacket diameter one in diameter accordingly dimensioned fabric hose must be used. Furthermore, has turned out From an economic point of view, the imperative proved disadvantageous in that the use of such fabric hoses a quick drainage only at the Application of increased pressures is possible.

The object of the present invention is therefore not only the above Modify the described method so that the disadvantages described above no longer occur, but also to design the process so that it depends on Application is variable accordingly ..

This object was achieved according to the invention in that instead of the in Practice dimensionally limited perforated rigid casing formwork any on the construction site with regard to diameter and height Plastic rods made geogrid as casing formwork and instead of the above described fabric is a geo-nonwoven. Surprisingly According to the present invention, it was found that such geoplastic cladding formwork alone is stable and filled without additional devices can and that for the present purposes the water permeability of the Geovlieses is very good, which leads to an increased application of pressure Rapid dewatering of the building material-water mixture to be hardened is dispensed with can be. The method according to the invention thus enables, for example, the creation of structures with extremely large diameters and heights depressurized, discontinuous concrete layer structure, which also goes to that has a positive effect that the heat that occurs when the concrete hardens Properties of the finished building are not adversely affected.

Only for the function of the geobarrier as a support, e.g. in the form of pillars or Stamping with defined vertical forces on the head can be closed with a " Geovliesstoffsack "with filling pressure to drain the building material. On the other hand, it is also possible in such applications, the geobarrier without applying a filling pressure with a geoplastic cladding open at the top to create, as will be explained later.

The present invention thus relates to a method for producing Geobarriers for barriers and supports in civil engineering and one Device for carrying out the method, which is characterized in that you get a geogrid in the shape of a square or round or yourself from one such cross-section deriving cylinder jacket brings the height of the Longitudinal edges determining the cylinder or the overlap areas tensile connects with each other and on the entire surface of the geocylinder thus obtained brings a geotextile into contact, whereby the longitudinal edge areas of the Brings geotextiles preferably to overlap the geocylinder, or but that the geotextile in the form of a tube open at the top and bottom or in the form of a hose closed at the bottom or in the form of a top and bottom closed hose, which later provided an inlet for the filling material is brought into the geocylinder or that one is used to manufacture the geocylinder uses a composite of geogrid and geovlies, in which the Geovliesstoff is factory connected to the geogrid, preferably by Welding or gluing, and in the interior of the so sublime Geoplastic cladding formwork that serves the respective production purpose Product, e.g. introduces a hardening filling material, one according to need Variety of such geobarriers, i.e. of filled geoplastic casing formwork, side by side and / or one behind the other and / or one above the other, standing and / or lying in contact with each other or at a distance from each other can arrange.

The geoplastic cladding formwork produced and used according to the invention as a basic element can have the shape of a square or circular or cross section have a cylindrical hollow body derived therefrom in cross section. she consists of a geogrid and one inside the geogrid Geovliesstoff. It is variable in diameter and in height (or length) can be adapted to the respective requirements. When producing the Geosynthetic cladding forms or bends the geogrid or the Compound made of geogrid and geofleece on the construction site into one Cylinder jacket, preferably the height or length of the cylinder defining longitudinal edge areas overlap mechanically, e.g. by inserted sealing strips, by wiring or crimping, thermally, e.g. by welding, and chemically, e.g. by sticking together.

Geogrids that are stable in the form of the geoplastic cladding formwork according to the invention and can be filled without additional holding devices are commercially available in various designs and forms. Your selection in the application according to the invention depends on the particular design purpose and thus on the required strength requirements. According to the present invention, geogrids are preferably used which are used in earthworks in road and hydraulic engineering, in particular those geogrids which are sold by Naue Fasertechnik GmbH & Co.KG under the registered trademark SECUGRID® and which are described in European patent 1 038 654. The various SECUGRID® types suitable for the purposes according to the invention can be seen from Table 1 given on the following page 6. Such geogrids consist of high-tensile longitudinal and transverse bars made of plastic, which are welded together in their crossing areas and which, in the form of the geoplastic cladding according to the invention, show practically no radial expansion when filled.

In the above Table 1 geogrids are also given, which are already with the Nonwoven fabric are connected at the factory and under the registered trademark COMBIGRID® 30/30 01/151 GRK 3 or 60/60 01/251 GRK 4 are available. The "COMBIGRID geogrids" are suitable because of their easy handling especially for the production of geoplastic cladding formwork, the bottom and top are open and e.g. as basic elements for creating flood protection barriers used and filled with sand or other bulk material.

If the geogrid is used without a geofoil composite, you cut to size Manufacture of geoplastic cladding formwork open at the top and bottom Geo-nonwovens preferably so that when the nonwoven is applied to the Overlap the edge areas on the inside of the geocylinder. You will then be with fixed this overlap on the geogrid, e.g. sewn on, tacked on or glued on.

However, the geoswoven fabric to be inserted into the geocylinder can already Factory pre-assembled as a hose or made to measure on site become. In this case, the geogrid is cut according to the Hose diameter too, so that the geovliesstoffschlauch in the geocylinder to Concerns can come. But you don't have to work very precisely because the geotextile compensates for tolerances due to its stretching properties can. Is the geocylinder e.g. a little too big in diameter, so do this Nothing, because the geofleece hose is flexible due to its elasticity when filling hugs the geocylinder. If the geocylinder is a bit too small in diameter advised, this does not matter either, because then the geofleece hose at Filling only occurs with wrinkles on the geocylinder. In the event of The use is geoplastic cladding formwork open from the top and bottom such pre-assembled geovlies hoses also on site very practical due to its easy handling, because of the nonwoven tube then only needs to be cut off according to the cylinder height.

For geoplastic cladding formwork that is only at the bottom or also at the top should be closed, you cut the geovlies hose longer, and so much longer that you put the ends to be closed and then sewn, glued or stapled either directly or after folding or sealed with a Velcro tape. It is also possible to like the ends when tying a sack together.

In principle, all geovlies can be used for the purposes of the invention, but preferably those that are used in earthworks for road and hydraulic engineering, provided that they meet the desired requirements for the respective application of the geosynthetic jacket circuit, for example with regard to good water permeability with good particle retention. Geo-nonwovens from Naue Fasertechnik GmbH & Co. KG, which are sold under the protected trademark SECUTEX® and which are shown in Table 2 on the following page 9, are particularly preferred.

As already mentioned, one can use the geoplastic cladding formwork advantageously also composites from geogrids (made from plastic rods) and use the nonwovens, the nonwovens with the Factory geogrids, for example by welding or gluing them together are connected. In the manufacture of the geoplastic cladding formwork Such composites are connected to the vertical longitudinal edges of the formed Cylinders preferably also overlap with each other. In a special Embodiment extends the composite geoswoven fabric so far over the top and / or Bottom edge of the geogrid that you can create after creating the cylinder the geoswoven fabric at the top and / or bottom by bag-like binding or Sewing or stapling or closing with Velcro.

(a) die Geokunststoff-Mantelschalung aus einem Verbundstoff aus einem Geokunststoffgitter und einem Geovliesstoff besteht, wobei die Geokunststoffgitter aus biegesteifen Längs- und Querstäben bestehen, die an ihren Kreuzungspunkten miteinander verschweißt sind, und wobei der Verbund z.B. dadurch erreicht wird, dass das Geokunststoffgitter mit dem Geovliesstoff verschweißt oder verklebt ist,

(b) die Geokunststoff-Mantelschalung oben offen ist,

(c) die Geokunststoff-Mantelschalung eine zylindrische Form aufweist, wobei die vertikalen Seiten überlappend miteinander verbunden sind,

(d) die Geokunststoff-Mantelschalung in einem Abstand zum First endet,

(e) die Füllung mit dem erhärtenden Baustoff-Wassergemisch drucklos erfolgt,

(f) die Abdichtung zum First mittels einer unter Druck stehenden ringförmigen Schlauchvorrichtung erfolgt und schließlich

(g) der zwischen Geobarrier, ringförmiger Schlauchvorrichtung und First befindliche Hohlraum unter Druck mit erhärtendem Baustoff-Wassergemisch ausgefüllt wird.

Starting from such a geoplastic cladding formwork, a special embodiment of the geobarrier for supports is characterized in that

(a) the geosynthetic cladding formwork consists of a composite of a geosynthetic grid and a geoswoven fabric, the geosynthetic grids consisting of rigid longitudinal and transverse bars which are welded together at their crossing points, and where the bond is achieved, for example, by the geosynthetic grid being joined together the geovlies is welded or glued,

(b) the geoplastic casing is open at the top,

(c) the geoplastic cladding has a cylindrical shape, the vertical sides being connected to one another in an overlapping manner,

(d) the geoplastic cladding ends at a distance from the ridge,

(e) the filling with the hardening building material-water mixture takes place without pressure,

(f) the sealing to the ridge is carried out by means of an annular hose device under pressure and finally

(g) the cavity located between the geobarrier, the annular hose device and the ridge is filled under pressure with a hardening building material / water mixture.

In a corresponding manner, one can of course also advantageously use such geobarriers for Supports using one of the geoplastic cladding formwork described above with loosely inserted geoswoven fabric, the Geovliesstoff is closed at the bottom and open at the top and initially depressurized to upper edge of the geosynthetic casing formwork with the hardening building material-water mixture is filled. To achieve the support effect is then after open filling of the geobarier in the gap between the geobarrier surface and surface to be supported, as indicated above, an annular Hose device with connection and pressure measuring device according to FIG. 8 for Sealing inserted. After inflating this annular tube device, e.g. with water or air, is an injection and a Vent hose the one created by the annular hose device Cavity between the surface of the geobarrier and the ridge with hardening Building material-water mixture filled in accordance with specifications.

The filling of the geoplastic cladding can be done with the most diverse Filling goods are made depending on the application, for example with hardening Building material-water mixtures, e.g. with pumpable concrete mixes, with commercially available Dam building materials, approved ash-water suspensions, with Slurries, these being drained at the same time, or with bulk materials, such as Sand or gravel. In the event that you have the geosynthetic jacket advice additionally has a rubber lining on the inside or a film bag or has designed a flat film shaped into a sack, one can Fill geosynthetic formwork with liquids too, i.e. according to the The present invention can be used to line geosynthetic cladding also serve as a storage container for liquid. This Purpose of use is also the subject of the present invention.

For the function as a static supporting wall, a Ring reinforcement can be retracted. This can be equal to or less in height Height of the geobarrier or beyond for integration into a header beam a geobarrier wall.

Individual elements or the entire wall made of geobarriers can be anchored or Nails are anchored back; the anchor heads can be filled before the Geobarriers can be attached to the ring reinforcement or after placing the Geobarriers the anchor or nail is passed through this and the head attached outside.

The present invention is further explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, without them to be limited to that. All details shown in the figures belong with to the disclosure of the invention. In all figures, the reference numerals have the same meaning.

List of reference numbers

1

Geobarrier

2

geogrid

3

Geovliesstoff or geovliesstoffeinlage or geovliesstoffschlauch

4

ring reinforcement

5

embankment

6

traffic area

7

footprint

8th

Anchor or peg

9

facing

10

top bar

11

foreclosure area

12

waterline

13

filling hose

14

Nachverpreßschlauch

15

pressure measuring device

16

blanket

17

stollen

18

backfilling

19

annular hose device for sealing

20

Connection for the print medium

21

pressure measuring device

Fig. 1

shows a photographic representation of a cylindrical geobarrier 1 consisting of a geogrid 2 and one inside Geovliesstoffeinlage 3, both together the geosynthetic cladding form. The diameter and height of the geobarrier are variable and can thus be adapted to the respective requirements.

Fig. 2

shows a shoring for supporting the lower part of an embankment 5 with respect to a traffic area 6, which was produced from geobarriers 1 provided with ring reinforcements 4. The geobarriers 1 are partially embedded (clamped) in the ground and rest on the contact surface 7, the geobarriers 1 being anchored in the embankment 5 by means of anchors or pegs 8. These geobarriers arranged in series are constructed in such a way that a cylindrical geoplastic cladding formwork consisting of geogrid 2 and geofleece insert 3 is clamped between two "round pillars", which are initially made at a distance, before filling, thereby increasing the interlocking of the geobarrier in the entire structure the type of an "overlapped pile wall". The front side, ie the side facing the traffic area 6, for example the street, is provided with a cladding 9 in the usual way.
In general, it is noted with regard to such shoring measures that the height and diameter of the geobarrier 1 and its depth of entry in the ground depend on the particular circumstances and that work can be carried out with and without internal reinforcements. The geosynthetic casing formwork used for such purposes generally has a geovleece insert 3 closed at the bottom (geosynthetic casing formwork with "foot"). SECUGRID® 40/40 is preferably used as the geogrid 2 and SECUTEX® 401 GRK 5 is used as the geofleece insert. The geosynthetic casing formwork is usually filled with a building material-water mixture, which is usually carried out via the open "head" of the geofleece insert 3 closed at the bottom by means of a Filling hose is inserted (eg filling DM 1.2 = 25 N / mm ² ).

Fig. 3

shows in principle the same structure of a slope shoring as in Fig. 2nd shown, but with an additional reinforcement of the building Clamping a head beam 10.

Fig. 4

shows in a perspective view - similar to that shown in FIG. 2 - the lining up of geobarriers 1 as temporary or permanent flood protection for the area 11 to be partitioned off. The water level to be expected is indicated by the water line 12.
Even with such structures, the geobarrier 1 is variable in terms of diameter and height depending on the requirements. They can also be set up in different versions according to requirements. The toothed arrangement shown in FIG. 2 is also preferred here.
With regard to flood protection, in particular sand, optionally in combination with other bulk materials, serves as filling material for such fastening or shut-off structures. In addition to sealing, for example, clay and / or bentonite, optionally in a mixture with sand and / or other bulk materials, such as crushed stone, can be used.

Fig. 5

shows in perspective a serving as a support element Geobarrier. To produce such a "support geobarrier" is preferred a geoplastic cladding formwork, the one above and Geovliesstoffschlauch closed at the bottom, with a filling hose 13 for filling, a repressing hose 14 for a repressing filling and a pressure measuring device 15 is provided. The postpress filling takes place in order to provide a defined support force against the ceiling to be supported 16 manufacture.

Fig. 6

shows a perspective view of geobarrier 1 for closing or locking cross sections in a gallery 17, in which the areas between the geobarriers 1 are filled.
Shafts, cavities, pipes, ducts, etc. can be closed or locked in the same way.

Fig. 7

shows a schematic representation of the front view of a stud shoring, at the superimposed geobarrier pyramid-shaped with corresponding (unrecognizable) intermediate fillings are arranged.

Fig. 8

shows a schematic representation of an annular hose device for Sealing (19) with connection (20) and pressure measuring device (21) as they when creating supports after the open filling of the Geosynthetic cladding between the geobarrier surface and the surface to be supported is brought in and inflated, so that the cavity formed between geobarrier and ridge by means of an injection and a ventilation hose (not shown) with a hardening Fill up the building material / water mixture.

Claims (10)

Process for the production of geobarriers 1 for barriers and supports in civil engineering, in which the filling material is introduced into a casing formwork, characterized in that a geogrid 2 made of plastic rods is in the form of an angular or round or of such a cross section dissipating cylinder jacket brings and the longitudinal edges determining the height of the cylinder connects tensile with each other, on the geocylinder thus obtained brings a geovlies 3 to the whole inside, preferably overlapping, or that geovlies 3 in the form of a geovliesstoffschlauches open at the top and bottom or in the form a geovliesstoffschlauches closed at the bottom or in the form of a geovliesstoffschlauches closed at the top and bottom, which will later be provided with an inlet for the filling material, into the geocylinder, or that a composite of geogrid 2 and Geovli is used to manufacture the geocylinder Esstoff 3 used, in which the geoswoven fabric 3 is connected to the geogrid 2 at the factory, preferably by welding or gluing, and in the interior of the geosynthetic cladding formwork thus obtained, the filling material serving the respective production purpose is introduced, with a large number of such as required filled geoplastic cladding formwork next to each other and / or one behind the other and / or one above the other, standing and / or lying in contact with each other or at a distance from each other. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the geogrid 2 used is one which is suitable for use in earthworks in road and hydraulic engineering, in particular those which are commercially available under the registered trademark SECUGRID®. A method according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that geoswoven materials 3 are used which are suitable for use in earthworks for road and hydraulic engineering, in particular those which are commercially available under the registered trademark SECUTEX® GRK. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a hardening mixture of building materials and water is introduced to create supports, such as pillars or stamps, barrier walls and the like, in the geoplastic cladding formwork which is closed at the bottom or at the bottom and at the top, and in that if necessary, when creating supports, such as pillars or stamps, using open geoplastic cladding on the upper side of the filled geobarrier into the gap between the geobarrier and the ridge, an annular hose device (19) with connection (20) and pressure measuring device ( 21) and after inflating this annular tube device (19) into the cavity formed by the annular tube device between the geobarrier and the ridge, using an injection and a ventilation tube, introduces a hardening building material / water mixture. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for the manufacture of barriers for flood protection, a large number of free-standing, interlocking teeth arranged below and above or closed at the bottom or closed at the bottom are filled with sand and / or other bulk material , Geoplastic cladding formwork for the manufacture of barriers and / or Supports in the form of an angular or circular cross-section or themselves cylindrical cross-section derived therefrom, consisting of a geogrid made of plastic rods 2 and one on the inside Geogrid 2 adjacent geovlies 3. Geosynthetic casing formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that the geoswoven fabric 3 is attached to the geogrid 2 at the factory, preferably welded or glued on. Geosynthetic casing formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that the geoswoven fabric 3 lies loosely on the inside against the geogrid 2, preferably lies overlapping. Geosynthetic casing formwork according to one or more of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the geoswoven fabric 3 is tubular and closed at the bottom or bottom and top or open at the bottom and top. Geosynthetic casing formwork according to claim 9, characterized in that the geovliesstoffschlauch 3 closed at the top and the bottom has a filling hose 13 for filling, which passes through the geogrid 2, and a post-compression hose 14 for post-compression and a pressure measuring device 15.

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