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EP1401705A1 - Ship pod-mounted hydrojet propeller unit driven by a hollow electric motor - Google Patents

Ship pod-mounted hydrojet propeller unit driven by a hollow electric motor

Info

Publication number
EP1401705A1
EP1401705A1 EP02740856A EP02740856A EP1401705A1 EP 1401705 A1 EP1401705 A1 EP 1401705A1 EP 02740856 A EP02740856 A EP 02740856A EP 02740856 A EP02740856 A EP 02740856A EP 1401705 A1 EP1401705 A1 EP 1401705A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nacelle
electric motor
hydrojet
ship
propulsion assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02740856A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1401705B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Edmond Chaix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Technique pour lEnergie Atomique Technicatome SA
TechnicAtome SA
Original Assignee
Societe Technique pour lEnergie Atomique Technicatome SA
TechnicAtome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Technique pour lEnergie Atomique Technicatome SA, TechnicAtome SA filed Critical Societe Technique pour lEnergie Atomique Technicatome SA
Publication of EP1401705A1 publication Critical patent/EP1401705A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1401705B1 publication Critical patent/EP1401705B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/08—Propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B63H2011/081—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type with axial flow, i.e. the axis of rotation being parallel to the flow direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B63H2011/084—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type with two or more pump stages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of propulsion of submersible and unsinkable ships, by means of submerged propellants, outside the hull, for example under or next to the hull of a submersible ship, such as a boat. , or on either side of the hull of a submarine. It relates more particularly to such a hydrojet propulsion unit, driven by an electric motor.
  • a nacelle can be oriented in azimuth, the direction of propulsion can be chosen by the rotation of said nacelle.
  • This type of thruster therefore allows a ship to perform any maneuver in port, to stabilize on the way or to do dynamic positioning, without the use of another mechanism.
  • Such a nacelle can also be oriented around a horizontal axis to allow the attitude or the depth of a submarine to be changed.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a third type of submerged naval propellant placed in a nacelle, while avoiding the drawbacks linked to these two types of propellants.
  • the main object of the invention is therefore a ship thruster, in a nacelle, using both the technique of the hydrojet and the propulsion by a hollow electric motor, that is to say surrounding the propellant hydraulic elements and the propelled water flow.
  • It mainly includes a nacelle inside which are the following elements: an electric motor; a rotating propulsion assembly driven by the electric motor; - an outlet nozzle, fixed to the rear of the nacelle, downstream of the rotating propulsion assembly; and rectifiers attached to the nacelle.
  • the propellant is characterized according to the invention in that the rotating propulsion assembly consists of: a hydraulic screw; and a helical-axial pump placed downstream and integral with the hydraulic screw; and in that the electric motor is of the hollow type, that is to say having a rotor and a stator of relatively large diameter and pierced in their central part, in order to surround the rotating propulsion assembly, so that the rotor is fixed around the rotating propulsion assembly, in order to drive it in rotation.
  • the motor rotor is placed around the hydraulic screw.
  • inlet gills placed laterally.
  • the rotating propulsion assembly In the main mechanical embodiment of the rotating propulsion assembly, it is mounted on a shaft itself mounted rotating in the nacelle by bearings and hydraulic stops.
  • the electric motor can be of two types, a first which is of the radial field type, the motor being of large external diameter, the second being of the axial field type, and being of the same internal diameter, but of longer length.
  • FIG. 1 represents the propellant according to the invention, equipped with an electric motor with an axial field, that is to say with a rather elongated shape around the axis 1 of the propellant.
  • Inside a nacelle 2 is therefore mounted rotating a shaft 3, by means of hydraulic thrust bearings 4V and 4R, mounted respectively in a front part 2V and a rear part 2R of the nacelle 2.
  • a hydraulic screw 7 At the output of the latter, the internal shape of the nacelle 2 widens to form a convex toric channel around the rear part 2R of the nacelle 2.
  • the blades 8 of a helical-axial pump are secured to the shaft 3. They are followed, in the second part which tightens up the curved channel, by rectifiers 9 fixed to the nacelle 2.
  • the propellant's hydraulic circuit ends with a nozzle 10 fixed to the nacelle 2.
  • the electric motor is of the type immersed in water and is placed axially around the hydraulic screw 7.
  • the IIS stator is integral with the nacelle 2, while the rotor 11R is fixed around the hydraulic screw 7 and is therefore integrated on the rotating propulsion assembly.
  • the IIS stator and the 11R rotor are jacketed.
  • the motor can be either synchronous or asynchronous.
  • FIG. 2 represents the propellant according to the invention in an embodiment using a motor of the radial type, that is to say that the electric field is radial. Consequently, its outside diameter is slightly larger than that of the axial motor used in the embodiment described in FIG. 1. On the other hand, its length is shorter.
  • the nacelle 12 is similar to the nacelle 2 in FIG. 1 and the rotating propulsion assembly is almost identical.
  • the screw, the vanes 8 of the axial-axial pump, the rectifiers 9 and the nozzle 10, are identical. It is the same for the shaft 3 of the rotating propulsion assembly which is also mounted rotating, by thrust bearings 4V and 4R in respective parts before 12V and rear 12R of the nacelle 12.
  • the start of the hydraulic course is a little different in the sense that the inlet chamber 15 is a little more elongated, gills 16 being however also placed laterally.
  • the motor therefore comprises a discoid rotor 21R fixed around the hydraulic screw 17. It is placed between the two parts 21S of the stator which are fixed relative to the nacelle 12.
  • hydrojet propulsion technique Several advantages are inherent in the hydrojet propulsion technique. Indeed, at equal power, a propeller propeller rotates approximately at 150 revolutions / minute, while a hydrojet propellant rotates approximately at 600 revolutions / minute.
  • the size of the motors being inversely proportional to the speed of rotation, the motor, used in a hydrojet technique, is much more compact than that used to drive a propeller.
  • hydraulic thrust bearings makes it possible not to use ball bearings. This reinforces resistance to shocks, in particular to military shocks.
  • propulsion by hydrojet has many advantages. Indeed, the type of pump, the speed, the fact that it is force-fed by a hydraulic screw and that the water flow takes place in a confined channel are all advantages compared to the propeller which turns in open environment and at low frequency. The same is true for the use of hydraulic thrust bearings, replacing noisy ball bearings.
  • the propellant according to the invention requires no ventilation, lubrication or cooling aid.
  • the reverse thrust is done as on conventional hydrojets with a concave deflector, operated by a jack.
  • the efficiency of a helical-axial pump, used in the propellant according to the invention, associated with a hydraulic screw which feeds the inlet of the helical-axial pump, is of the order of 75%. We can therefore consider an increase of 10% on the overall propulsion efficiency compared to a traditional propeller.
  • propulsion by hydrojet and in particular by double hydrojet, can be integrated harmoniously in the water lines and in the shapes of the ship's hull. In this case, it therefore finds much less overhang than a propeller, detached from the hull of the ship in a nacelle mounted at the end of a mast. Hydraulic drag and tactical vulnerability are considerably reduced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The hydrojet boat submerged propulsions system is low noise and has good output. It comprises principally a hydrojet propulsion system comprised of a hydraulic screw (7) feeding a helico-axial pump (8) emerging through downstream guide vanes (9). A nozzle (10) completes the assembly, which is supplied by lateral intakes (6). The electrical motor (11R, 11S) is represented axially, but can also be radial. The shaft (3) is rotationally mounted by means of hydraulic thrust bearings (4V, 4R). The system can be oriented in azimuth. Application in ship and submarine propulsion.

Description

PROPULSEUR DE NAVIRE EN NACELLE PAR HYDROJET ET ENTRAINE PAR UN MOTEUR ELECTRIQUE CREUX HYDROJET NACELLE SHIP PROPELLER DRIVEN BY A HOLLOW ELECTRIC MOTOR
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
L'invention concerne le domaine de la propulsion des navires, submersibles et insubmersibles, au moyen de propulseurs immergés, à l'extérieur de la coque, par exemple sous ou à côté de la coque d'un navire submersible, tel qu'un bateau, ou de n'importe quel côté de la coque d'un sous-marin. Elle concerne plus particulièrement une telle unité de propulsion par hydrojet, entraînée par un moteur électrique.The invention relates to the field of propulsion of submersible and unsinkable ships, by means of submerged propellants, outside the hull, for example under or next to the hull of a submersible ship, such as a boat. , or on either side of the hull of a submarine. It relates more particularly to such a hydrojet propulsion unit, driven by an electric motor.
Art antérieur et problème poséPrior art and problem posed
Dans le domaine de la propulsion des navires, submersibles ou insubmersibles, il est connu d'utiliser plusieurs techniques de propulsion mettant en œuvre des nacelles de propulsion complètement immergées. Parmi celles-ci, on cite la propulsion par jets hydrauliques, appelée communément « hydrojet ». Une telle technique est illustrée par la demande de brevet français du même déposant de la présente demande et publiée sous le numéro 2 766 262. Cette technique utilise le principe de la réaction, l'eau étant aspirée par une prise d'eau placée devant la nacelle. Une pompe à haut rendement, placée à l'intérieur de cette dernière, communique de l'énergie à l'eau pour la propulser à l'extérieur sous la forme d'un jet, par une tuyère, créant ainsi une poussée qui propulse le navire. Une telle nacelle pouvant être orientée en azimut, la direction de propulsion peut être choisie par la rotation de ladite nacelle. Ce type de propulseur permet donc à un navire d'effectuer n'importe quelle manœuvre au port, de se stabiliser en route ou de faire du positionnement dynamique, sans utilisation d'un autre mécanisme. Une telle nacelle peut également être orientée autour d'un axe horizontal pour permettre de changer l'assiette ou la profondeur d'un sous-marin.In the field of propulsion of ships, submersible or unsinkable, it is known to use several propulsion techniques using fully submerged propulsion nacelles. Among these, there is the propulsion by hydraulic jets, commonly called "hydrojet". Such a technique is illustrated by the French patent application of the same applicant of this application and published under the number 2 766 262. This technique uses the principle of the reaction, the water being sucked by a water intake placed in front of the nacelle. A high-efficiency pump, placed inside the latter, communicates energy to the water to propel it outside under the shape of a jet, by a nozzle, thus creating a thrust which propels the ship. As such a nacelle can be oriented in azimuth, the direction of propulsion can be chosen by the rotation of said nacelle. This type of thruster therefore allows a ship to perform any maneuver in port, to stabilize on the way or to do dynamic positioning, without the use of another mechanism. Such a nacelle can also be oriented around a horizontal axis to allow the attitude or the depth of a submarine to be changed.
D'autre part, dans un deuxième type de propulsion par nacelle immergée, on peut également citer la demande de brevet français du même déposant, publié sous le numéro 2 768 119, qui décrit un propulseur naval à hélice centrale et moteur asynchrone discoïde. Un tel propulseur est constitué principalement d'un moyeu central entouré des aubes d'une hélice autour desquelles est fixé le rotor électrique de forme discoïde et un fourreau portant des paliers. Le stator est placé de part et d'autre du rotor électrique, autour des paliers. En d'autres termes, le moteur électrique entoure la canalisation à l'intérieur de laquelle se trouve l'hélice et dans laquelle passe le flux d'eau. Toutefois, ce type de propulseur ne présente pas un excellent rendement, est très bruyant et soumis aux problèmes de la cavitation.On the other hand, in a second type of propulsion by submerged nacelle, one can also cite the French patent application of the same applicant, published under the number 2 768 119, which describes a naval propellant with central propeller and asynchronous discoid motor. Such a propellant consists mainly of a central hub surrounded by the blades of a propeller around which is fixed the electric rotor of discoid shape and a sheath carrying bearings. The stator is placed on either side of the electric rotor, around the bearings. In other words, the electric motor surrounds the pipe inside which the propeller is located and through which the water flow passes. However, this type of propellant does not have an excellent performance, is very noisy and subject to the problems of cavitation.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un troisième type de propulseur naval immergé et placé dans une nacelle, en évitant les inconvénients liés à ces deux types de propulseurs. Résumé de l'inventionThe object of the invention is to propose a third type of submerged naval propellant placed in a nacelle, while avoiding the drawbacks linked to these two types of propellants. Summary of the invention
L'objet principal de l'invention est donc un propulseur de navire, en nacelle, utilisant à la fois la technique de l' hydrojet et la propulsion par un moteur électrique creux, c'est-à-dire entourant les éléments hydrauliques propulseurs et le flux d'eau propulsé. Il comprend principalement une nacelle à l'intérieur de laquelle se trouvent les éléments suivants : un moteur électrique ; un ensemble tournant de propulsion entraîné par le moteur électrique ; - une tuyère de sortie, fixée à l'arrière de la nacelle, en aval de l'ensemble tournant de propulsion ; et des redresseurs fixés à la nacelle. Le propulseur se caractérise selon l'invention en ce que l'ensemble tournant de propulsion est constitué de : une vis hydraulique ; et une pompe hélico-axiale placée en aval et solidaire de la vis hydraulique ; et en ce que le moteur électrique est du type creux, c'est-à-dire ayant un rotor et un stator de diamètre relativement large et percé en leur partie centrale, afin d'entourer l'ensemble tournant de propulsion, pour que le rotor soit fixé autour de l'ensemble tournant de propulsion, dans le but de l'entraîner en rotation. Dans la réalisation préférentielle de l'invention, le rotor du moteur est placé autour de la vis hydraulique.The main object of the invention is therefore a ship thruster, in a nacelle, using both the technique of the hydrojet and the propulsion by a hollow electric motor, that is to say surrounding the propellant hydraulic elements and the propelled water flow. It mainly includes a nacelle inside which are the following elements: an electric motor; a rotating propulsion assembly driven by the electric motor; - an outlet nozzle, fixed to the rear of the nacelle, downstream of the rotating propulsion assembly; and rectifiers attached to the nacelle. The propellant is characterized according to the invention in that the rotating propulsion assembly consists of: a hydraulic screw; and a helical-axial pump placed downstream and integral with the hydraulic screw; and in that the electric motor is of the hollow type, that is to say having a rotor and a stator of relatively large diameter and pierced in their central part, in order to surround the rotating propulsion assembly, so that the rotor is fixed around the rotating propulsion assembly, in order to drive it in rotation. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the motor rotor is placed around the hydraulic screw.
Pour faire pénétrer l'eau à l'intérieur de la nacelle et en particulier en amont de la vis hydraulique, il est prévu d'utiliser des ouïes d'entrée placées latéralement.To make the water penetrate inside the nacelle and in particular upstream of the hydraulic screw, it is planned to use inlet gills placed laterally.
Dans la principale réalisation mécanique de l'ensemble tournant de propulsion, celui-ci est monté sur un arbre monté lui-même tournant dans la nacelle par des paliers et butées hydrauliques.In the main mechanical embodiment of the rotating propulsion assembly, it is mounted on a shaft itself mounted rotating in the nacelle by bearings and hydraulic stops.
Selon l'invention, le moteur électrique peut être de deux types, un premier qui est du type à champ radial, le moteur étant de large diamètre extérieur, le deuxième étant de type à champ axial, et étant de même diamètre intérieur, mais de plus grande longueur.According to the invention, the electric motor can be of two types, a first which is of the radial field type, the motor being of large external diameter, the second being of the axial field type, and being of the same internal diameter, but of longer length.
Liste des figuresList of Figures
L'invention et ses différentes caractéristiques techniques seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple, et illustrée de deu figures représentant respectivement : - figure 1, en coupe, une première réalisation du propulseur selon l'invention, équipé d'un moteur électrique axial ; et figure 2, en coupe, une deuxième réalisation du propulseur selon l'invention, équipé d'un moteur électrique radial .The invention and its various technical characteristics will be better understood on reading the following description, given by way of example, and illustrated with two figures representing respectively: - Figure 1, in section, a first embodiment of the propellant according to the invention , equipped with an axial electric motor; and Figure 2, in section, a second embodiment of the propellant according to the invention, equipped with a radial electric motor.
Description détaillée de deux réalisations de 1 ' inventionDetailed description of two embodiments of the invention
La figure 1 représente le propulseur selon l'invention, équipé d'un moteur électrique à champ axial, c'est-à-dire avec une forme plutôt allongée autour de l'axe 1 du propulseur. A l'intérieur d'une nacelle 2 est donc monté tournant un arbre 3, au moyen de paliers-butées hydrauliques 4V et 4R, montés respectivement dans une partie avant 2V et une partie arrière 2R de la nacelle 2. Au niveau de l'extrémité avant 3V de l'arbre 3, c'est-à-dire en aval de la partie avant 2V de la nacelle 2, se trouve une chambre d'entrée 5 équipée de plusieurs ouïes 6 placées latéralement par rapport à l'axe 1 du propulseur. L'eau est donc aspirée par ces ouïes 6 pour pénétrer à l'entrée d'un ensemble tournant de propulsion supporté par 1 ' arbre 3.FIG. 1 represents the propellant according to the invention, equipped with an electric motor with an axial field, that is to say with a rather elongated shape around the axis 1 of the propellant. Inside a nacelle 2 is therefore mounted rotating a shaft 3, by means of hydraulic thrust bearings 4V and 4R, mounted respectively in a front part 2V and a rear part 2R of the nacelle 2. At the level of the front end 3V of the shaft 3, that is to say downstream of the front part 2V of the nacelle 2, there is an inlet chamber 5 equipped with several openings 6 placed laterally with respect to the axis 1 of the propellant. The water is therefore sucked in through these vents 6 to penetrate the entrance of a rotating propulsion assembly supported by the shaft 3.
Autour de ce dernier est fixée une vis hydraulique 7. A la sortie de cette dernière, la forme interne de la nacelle 2 s'élargit pour former un canal torique bombé autour de la partie arrière 2R de la nacelle 2. Dans la première partie qui s'évase du canal bombé, se trouvent les aubes 8 d'une pompe hélico-axiale, solidaire de l'arbre 3. Elles sont suivies, dans la deuxième partie qui se ressert du canal bombé, par des redresseurs 9 fixés à la nacelle 2. Le circuit hydraulique du propulseur se termine par une tuyère 10 fixée à la nacelle 2.Around the latter is fixed a hydraulic screw 7. At the output of the latter, the internal shape of the nacelle 2 widens to form a convex toric channel around the rear part 2R of the nacelle 2. In the first part which flares out of the curved channel, the blades 8 of a helical-axial pump are secured to the shaft 3. They are followed, in the second part which tightens up the curved channel, by rectifiers 9 fixed to the nacelle 2. The propellant's hydraulic circuit ends with a nozzle 10 fixed to the nacelle 2.
Le moteur électrique est du type immergé dans l'eau et est placé axialement autour de la vis hydraulique 7. Le stator IIS est solidaire de la nacelle 2, tandis que le rotor 11R est fixé autour de la vis hydraulique 7 et est donc intégré sur l'ensemble tournant de propulsion. Le stator IIS et le rotor 11R sont chemisés. Le moteur peut être soit synchrone, soit asynchrone.The electric motor is of the type immersed in water and is placed axially around the hydraulic screw 7. The IIS stator is integral with the nacelle 2, while the rotor 11R is fixed around the hydraulic screw 7 and is therefore integrated on the rotating propulsion assembly. The IIS stator and the 11R rotor are jacketed. The motor can be either synchronous or asynchronous.
Les paliers-butées 4V et 4R sont du type hydraulique, plus précisément ils sont alimentés en permanence par de l'eau dans laquelle se trouve la nacelle, sous, pression. La figure 2 représente le propulseur selon l'invention dans une réalisation utilisant un moteur du type radial, c'est-à-dire que le champ électrique est radial. En conséquence, son diamètre extérieur est un peu plus important que celui du moteur axial utilisé dans la réalisation décrite à la figure 1. Par contre, sa longueur est plus courte.The 4V and 4R thrust bearings are of the hydraulic type, more precisely they are permanently supplied with water in which the nacelle is located, under pressure. FIG. 2 represents the propellant according to the invention in an embodiment using a motor of the radial type, that is to say that the electric field is radial. Consequently, its outside diameter is slightly larger than that of the axial motor used in the embodiment described in FIG. 1. On the other hand, its length is shorter.
La nacelle 12 s'apparente à la nacelle 2 de la figure 1 et l'ensemble tournant de propulsion est quasiment identique. La vis, les aubes 8 de la pompe hélico-axiale, les redresseurs 9 et la tuyère 10, sont identiques. Il en est de même pour l'arbre 3 de l'ensemble tournant de propulsion qui est également monté tournant, par des paliers-butées 4V et 4R dans des parties respectives avant 12V et arrière 12R de la nacelle 12. Par contre, le début du parcours hydraulique est un peu différent en ce sens que la chambre d'entrée 15 est un peu plus allongée, des ouïes 16 étant toutefois également placées latéralement . Le moteur comprend donc un rotor 21R de forme discoïde fixé autour de la vis hydraulique 17. Il est placé entre les deux parties 21S du stator qui sont fixes par rapport à la nacelle 12.The nacelle 12 is similar to the nacelle 2 in FIG. 1 and the rotating propulsion assembly is almost identical. The screw, the vanes 8 of the axial-axial pump, the rectifiers 9 and the nozzle 10, are identical. It is the same for the shaft 3 of the rotating propulsion assembly which is also mounted rotating, by thrust bearings 4V and 4R in respective parts before 12V and rear 12R of the nacelle 12. On the other hand, the start of the hydraulic course is a little different in the sense that the inlet chamber 15 is a little more elongated, gills 16 being however also placed laterally. The motor therefore comprises a discoid rotor 21R fixed around the hydraulic screw 17. It is placed between the two parts 21S of the stator which are fixed relative to the nacelle 12.
Avantages du propulseur selon l'inventionAdvantages of the propellant according to the invention
Plusieurs avantages sont inhérents à la technique de propulsion par hydrojet. En effet, à puissance égale, un propulseur à hélice tourne environ à 150 tours/minute, tandis qu'un propulseur à hydrojet tourne environ à 600 tours/minute. La taille des moteurs étant inversement proportionnelle à la vitesse de rotation, le moteur, utilisé dans une technique hydrojet, est beaucoup plus compact que celui utilisé pour entraîner une hélice.Several advantages are inherent in the hydrojet propulsion technique. Indeed, at equal power, a propeller propeller rotates approximately at 150 revolutions / minute, while a hydrojet propellant rotates approximately at 600 revolutions / minute. The size of the motors being inversely proportional to the speed of rotation, the motor, used in a hydrojet technique, is much more compact than that used to drive a propeller.
Il est avantageux de coupler sur une même nacelle deux propulseurs, c'est-à-dire deux ensembles hydrojets. En effet, cela permet d'annuler le couple de torsions sur le système d'orientation de la nacelle si les deux groupes travaillent, l'un en rotation dextrogyre, et l'autre en rotation sénestrogyre , les deux couples s 'annulant.It is advantageous to couple two propellers, that is to say two hydrojet assemblies, on the same nacelle. In fact, this makes it possible to cancel the torque on the nacelle orientation system if the two groups are working, one in dextrorotatory rotation, and the other in senestrogyre rotation, the two couples canceling out.
A grande vitesse, les propulseurs à hélice ont tendance à subir de la cavitation. Ce phénomène provoque du bruit et des risques d' endommagements au niveau des pales, contrairement au système de propulsion par hydrojet, qui ne cavité pas.At high speeds, propeller thrusters tend to experience cavitation. This phenomenon causes noise and risks of damage to the blade level, unlike the hydrojet propulsion system, which does not cavity.
L'utilisation de paliers-butées hydrauliques permet de ne pas utiliser de roulements à billes . Ceci renforce la résistance aux chocs, notamment aux chocs militaires .The use of hydraulic thrust bearings makes it possible not to use ball bearings. This reinforces resistance to shocks, in particular to military shocks.
Du point de vue de la discrétion acoustique, la propulsion par hydrojet présente de nombreux avantages. En effet, le type de pompe, la vitesse, le fait qu'elle soit gavée par une vis hydraulique et que l'écoulement de l'eau se fasse en canal confiné sont autant d'avantages par rapport à l'hélice qui tourne en milieu ouvert et à basse fréquence. Il en est de même pour l'utilisation de paliers-butées hydrauliques, en remplacement de roulements à billes de nature bruyante.From the point of view of acoustic discretion, propulsion by hydrojet has many advantages. Indeed, the type of pump, the speed, the fact that it is force-fed by a hydraulic screw and that the water flow takes place in a confined channel are all advantages compared to the propeller which turns in open environment and at low frequency. The same is true for the use of hydraulic thrust bearings, replacing noisy ball bearings.
Le propulseur selon 1 ' invention ne nécessite pas d'auxiliaire de ventilation, de lubrification ou de refroidissement. L'inversion de poussée se fait comme sur les hydrojets classiques avec un déflecteur concave, manœuvré par un vérin.The propellant according to the invention requires no ventilation, lubrication or cooling aid. The reverse thrust is done as on conventional hydrojets with a concave deflector, operated by a jack.
Le rendement d'une pompe hélico-axiale, utilisée dans le propulseur selon l'invention, associée à une vis hydraulique qui gave l'entrée de la pompe hélico-axiale, est de l'ordre de 75 %. On peut donc envisager une augmentation de 10 % sur le rendement global de propulsion par rapport à une hélice traditionnelle .The efficiency of a helical-axial pump, used in the propellant according to the invention, associated with a hydraulic screw which feeds the inlet of the helical-axial pump, is of the order of 75%. We can therefore consider an increase of 10% on the overall propulsion efficiency compared to a traditional propeller.
L'utilisation de la propulsion par hydrojet, et en particulier par double hydrojet, peut être intégrée harmonieusement dans les lignes d'eau et dans les formes de la carène du navire. Dans ce cas, elle se trouve donc bien moins en porte-à-faux qu'un propulseur à hélice, détaché de la coque du navire dans une nacelle monté en bout d'un mât. La traînée hydraulique et la vulnérabilité tactique s'en trouvent considérablement réduite.The use of propulsion by hydrojet, and in particular by double hydrojet, can be integrated harmoniously in the water lines and in the shapes of the ship's hull. In this case, it therefore finds much less overhang than a propeller, detached from the hull of the ship in a nacelle mounted at the end of a mast. Hydraulic drag and tactical vulnerability are considerably reduced.
Il est possible d'utiliser quatre propulseurs selon l'invention sur une même plate-forme orientable, cette solution favorise une intégration dans la carène. It is possible to use four thrusters according to the invention on the same steerable platform, this solution promotes integration into the hull.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Propulseur de navire en nacelle par hydrojet et utilisant un moteur électrique, comportant : une nacelle (2, 12) : - un moteur électrique (11R, IIS, 21R, 21S) placé dans la nacelle ; un ensemble tournant de propulsion (16, 17, 8, 9) entraîné par le rotor du moteur électrique ; et une tuyère de sortie (10) , fixée à l'arrière de la nacelle (2, 12), en aval de l'ensemble tournant de propulsion ; et - des redresseurs (9) fixés à la nacelle (2,1. Propellant of a ship in a nacelle by hydrojet and using an electric motor, comprising: a nacelle (2, 12): - an electric motor (11R, IIS, 21R, 21S) placed in the nacelle; a rotating propulsion assembly (16, 17, 8, 9) driven by the rotor of the electric motor; and an outlet nozzle (10), fixed to the rear of the nacelle (2, 12), downstream of the rotating propulsion assembly; and - rectifiers (9) fixed to the nacelle (2,
12) , caractérisés en ce que l'ensemble tournant de propulsion comprend : une vis hydraulique (7, 17) ; et - une pompe hélico-axiale (8) placée en aval et solidaire de la vis hydraulique (7, 17), et en ce que le moteur électrique est du type creux, c'est-à-dire ayant un rotor (11R, 21R) et un stator (IIS, 21S) de large diamètre et percés en leur partie centrale afin d'entourer l'ensemble tournant de propulsion et pour que le rotor (11R, IIS) soit fixé autour de l'ensemble tournant de propulsion.12), characterized in that the rotating propulsion assembly comprises: a hydraulic screw (7, 17); and - a helical-axial pump (8) placed downstream and integral with the hydraulic screw (7, 17), and in that the electric motor is of the hollow type, that is to say having a rotor (11R, 21R) and a stator (IIS, 21S) of large diameter and drilled in their central part in order to surround the rotating propulsion assembly and so that the rotor (11R, IIS) is fixed around the rotating propulsion assembly.
2. Propulseur de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le rotor (11R,2. ship thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (11R,
IIS) est placé autour de la vis hydraulique (7, 17) . IIS) is placed around the hydraulic screw (7, 17).
3. Propulseur de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des ouïes latérales (6, 16) pour l'entrée de l'eau dans l'ensemble tournant de propulsion. . Propulseur de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble tournant de propulsion est monté sur un arbre (3) monté tournant dans la nacelle (12) par des paliers-butées hydrauliques (4V, 4R) . 5. Propulseur de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur électrique (11R, IIS) est à champ axial.3. Ship thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises lateral vents (6, 16) for the entry of water into the rotating propulsion assembly. . Ship thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary propulsion assembly is mounted on a shaft (3) mounted to rotate in the nacelle (12) by hydraulic thrust bearings (4V, 4R). 5. Ship thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (11R, IIS) is in the axial field.
6. Propulseur de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur électrique (21R, 21S) est à champ radial. 6. ship thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (21R, 21S) is in the radial field.
EP02740856A 2001-06-06 2002-06-04 Ship pod-mounted hydrojet propeller unit driven by a hollow electric motor Expired - Lifetime EP1401705B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0107371A FR2825679B1 (en) 2001-06-06 2001-06-06 HYDROJET NACELLE SHIP PROPELLER DRIVEN BY A HOLLOW ELECTRIC MOTOR
FR0107371 2001-06-06
PCT/FR2002/001875 WO2002098731A1 (en) 2001-06-06 2002-06-04 Ship pod-mounted hydrojet propeller unit driven by a hollow electric motor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1401705A1 true EP1401705A1 (en) 2004-03-31
EP1401705B1 EP1401705B1 (en) 2004-10-06

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EP02740856A Expired - Lifetime EP1401705B1 (en) 2001-06-06 2002-06-04 Ship pod-mounted hydrojet propeller unit driven by a hollow electric motor

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US (1) US20040203298A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1401705B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004533363A (en)
AT (1) ATE278606T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0210065A (en)
CA (1) CA2449123A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60201541D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2825679B1 (en)
NO (1) NO20035445D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2002098731A1 (en)

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CA2449123A1 (en) 2002-12-12
ATE278606T1 (en) 2004-10-15
DE60201541D1 (en) 2004-11-11
NO20035445D0 (en) 2003-12-05
US20040203298A1 (en) 2004-10-14
FR2825679B1 (en) 2003-09-19
JP2004533363A (en) 2004-11-04
EP1401705B1 (en) 2004-10-06
FR2825679A1 (en) 2002-12-13
BR0210065A (en) 2004-12-21
WO2002098731A1 (en) 2002-12-12

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