EP1378629B2 - Rotor for a rotating thermal engine as well as manufacturing method for such a rotor - Google Patents
Rotor for a rotating thermal engine as well as manufacturing method for such a rotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1378629B2 EP1378629B2 EP02014536.3A EP02014536A EP1378629B2 EP 1378629 B2 EP1378629 B2 EP 1378629B2 EP 02014536 A EP02014536 A EP 02014536A EP 1378629 B2 EP1378629 B2 EP 1378629B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- forgings
- rotor
- forging
- screw
- intermediate ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
- F01D5/066—Connecting means for joining rotor-discs or rotor-elements together, e.g. by a central bolt, by clamps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der rotierenden thermischen Maschinen. Sie betrifft einen Rotor gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Rotors.The present invention relates to the field of rotary thermal machines. It relates to a rotor according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing such a rotor.
Hohe Dampftemperaturen ergeben in Dampfkraftwerken einen grossen thermodynamischen Wirkungsgrad. Für die Rotoren von Dampfturbinen für hohe Dampftemperaturen müssen notwendigerweise Werkstoffe verwendet werden, die speziell eine hohe Kriechfestigkeit aufweisen, um den auftretenden Fliehkräften über eine lange Betriebsdauer standzuhalten. Bei Temperaturen oberhalb ca. 630°C ist es gegenwärtig notwendig, teure Nickelbasis-Legierungen für den Rotor einzusetzen, die etwa 3 mal so teuer sind wie herkömmliche Werkstoffe.High steam temperatures result in steam power plants a large thermodynamic efficiency. For the rotors of steam turbines for high steam temperatures materials must necessarily be used, which have especially a high creep strength to withstand the centrifugal forces occurring over a long service life. At temperatures above about 630 ° C, it is currently necessary to use expensive nickel-based alloys for the rotor, which are about 3 times as expensive as conventional materials.
Wenn für den Rotor eine Monoblock-Ausführung verwendet wird, muss der ganze Rotor aus der teureren Legierung hergestellt werden. Für grosse Schmiedestücke aus Nickelbasis-Legierung ergeben sich hohe Material- und Bearbeitungskosten, sind nur wenige Lieferanten vorhanden, und ist eine zerstörungsfreie Prüfung wegen schlecht aufzulösender interner Defekte schwierig.If a monobloc design is used for the rotor, the whole rotor must be made of the more expensive alloy. For large forgings made of nickel-based alloy, high material and processing costs result, few suppliers are available, and a non-destructive inspection is difficult because of poorly resolved internal defects.
Alternativ zur Monoblock-Ausführung kann der Rotor aus einer Mehrzahl von einzelnen Schmiedestücken aufgebaut werden (siehe z.B. die
Probleme ergeben sich bei der Schweissverbindung ungleicher Werkstoffe jedoch durch die hohen Schweisskosten, ungünstige Eigenschaften der beim Schweissen wärmebeeinflussten Zone (oder Wärmeeinflusszone WEZ, auch unter Heat Affected Zone HAZ bekannt), Schwierigkeiten bei der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (Nondestructive Testing NDT), d.h., mit der begrenzten Möglichkeit, Defekte in der Schweissnaht zu entdecken, sowie durch verbleibende Schweissspannungen, und die Unmöglichkeit, den Rotor ohne Aufschneiden und erneutes Schweissen auseinanderzunehmen.However, problems arise in the welding connection of dissimilar materials due to the high welding costs, unfavorable properties of the heat-affected zone (or heat affected zone HAZ, also known as heat affected zone HAZ), difficulties in non-destructive testing (NDT), ie Limited ability to detect defects in the weld, as well as remaining welding stresses, and the impossibility to disassemble the rotor without cutting and rewelding.
Es ist andererseits aus der Technik der Gasturbinen bekannt (siehe z.B. die
Es ist weiterhin aus der
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Rotor, insbesondere für eine Dampfturbine, zu schaffen, welcher aus einzelnen Schmiedestücken aus der jeweiligen thermischen Belastung angepassten, unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen besteht, und welcher die mit einer Schweissverbindung zwischen den unterschiedlichen Schmiedestücken und mit Spannbolzen verbundenen Nachteile der oben genannten Art vermeidet, sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung anzugeben.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a rotor, in particular for a steam turbine, which consists of individual forgings from the respective thermal load adapted, different materials, and which associated with a welded connection between the different forgings and clamping bolt disadvantages of the above mentioned type as well as to specify a method for its production.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Gesamtheit der Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 6 gelöst. Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, die einzelnen Schmiedestücke aus den unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen durch eine innenliegende Verschraubung miteinander zu verschraubene, und dass bei zwei miteinander verschraubten Schmiedestücken beide Schmiedestücke jeweils einen nach innen in einen innenliegenden Zwischenraum vorstehenden, koaxialen Flansch mit axialen Durchgangsbohrungen aufweisen, und dass die beiden Schmiedestücke mittels durch die Durchgangsbohrungen gesteckter Schrauben und entsprechender Muttern miteinander verschraubt sind.The object is solved by the entirety of the features of claims 1 and 6. The essence of the invention is to screw the individual forgings made of different materials by an internal screw together, and that in two screwed together forgings both forgings each have an inwardly projecting into an inner space, coaxial flange with axial through holes, and that the two forgings are screwed together by means of bolts inserted through the through holes and corresponding nuts.
Der Rotor umfasst Schmiedestücke, welche aus einem hochfesten Stahl bestehen, und Schmiedestücke, welche aus einer hochtemperaturfesten Legierung, insbesondere auf Ni-Basis, bestehen. Die Verschraubung der Schmiedestücke erfolgt mittels Schrauben welche in axialer Richtung angeordnet sind.The rotor includes forgings, which are made of a high-strength steel, and forgings, which consist of a high-temperature-resistant alloy, in particular Ni-based. The screwing of the forgings by means of screws which are arranged in the axial direction.
Insbesondere sind in einem der Schmiedestücke Zugänge zum innenliegenden Zwischenraum vorgesehen, durch welche die Verschraubung der beiden Schmiedestücke vorgenommen werden kann, wobei die Zugänge radial und/oder axial angeordnet sind, und das erste der beiden Schmiedstücke aus einem hochfesten Stahl und das zweite Schmiedestück aus einer hochtemperaturfesten Legierung, insbesondere auf Ni-Basis, besteht, und die Zugänge im ersten Schmiedestück angeordnet sind.In particular, in one of the forgings access to the inner space provided by which the screwing of the two forgings can be made, the accesses are arranged radially and / or axially, and the first of the two forged pieces of a high-strength steel and the second forging from a high temperature resistant alloy, in particular Ni-based, consists, and the accesses are arranged in the first forging.
Eine andere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass bei zwei miteinander verschraubten Schmiedestücken das erste Schmiedestück aus einem hochfesten Stahl und das zweite Schmiedestück aus einer hochtemperaturfesten Legierung, vorzugsweise auf Ni-Basis, bestehen, dass das erste Schmiedestück mit einem koaxialen Zwischenring aus hochfestem Stahl verschweisst ist, dass der Zwischenring und das zweite Schmiedestück jeweils einen nach innen in einen innenliegenden Zwischenraum vorstehenden, koaxialen Flansch mit axialen Durchgangsbohrungen aufweisen, und dass der Zwischenring mit dem angeschweissten ersten Schmiedestück und das zweite Schmiedestück mittels durch die Durchgangsbohrungen gesteckter Schrauben und entsprechender Muttern miteinander verschraubt sind.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that, in the case of two forgings screwed together, the first forging made of a high-strength steel and the second forging made of a high-temperature resistant alloy, preferably Ni-based, that the first forged with a coaxial intermediate ring welded high-strength steel that the intermediate ring and the second forging each have an inwardly projecting into an inner space, coaxial flange with axial through holes, and that the intermediate ring with the welded first forging and the second forged by means of through-holes plugged screws and the like Nuts are bolted together.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine geschraubte Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Schmiedestücken eines Rotors mit aussenliegenden Schrauben;
- Fig. 2
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine geschraubte Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Schmiedestücken eines Rotors gemäss einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit innenliegenden Schrauben; und
- Fig. 3
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine geschraubte Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Schmiedestücken eines Rotors gemäss einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit angeschweisstem Zwischenring.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a threaded connection between the individual forgings of a rotor with external screws;
- Fig. 2
- a longitudinal section through a threaded connection between the individual forgings of a rotor according to an embodiment of the invention with internal screws; and
- Fig. 3
- a longitudinal section through a threaded connection between the individual forgings of a rotor according to an embodiment of the invention with welded intermediate ring.
In
Um einen Korrosionsangriff durch den heissen Dampf, wie er bei einer aussenliegenden Verschraubung gemäss
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss
Die geeignete Länge des Zwischenringes 38 sollte nach folgenden Gesichtspunkten gewählt werden:
- Je länger der
Zwischenring 38 ist, desto niedriger ist die Temperatur derSchweissverbindung 39, desto geringer ist die Verschlechterung der Eigenschaften der HAZ, und desto grösser ist die Reduzierung des Rotorgewichtes. - Je kürzer der Zwischenring 38, desto einfacher ist es, die von den darauf befestigten rotierenden Schaufeln auf
den Zwischenring 38 ausgeübten Kräfte aufzufangen.
- The longer the
intermediate ring 38 is, the lower the temperature of the welded joint 39, the lower the deterioration in the properties of the HAZ, and the greater the reduction of the rotor weight. - The shorter the
intermediate ring 38, the easier it is to absorb the forces exerted by the rotating blades mounted on theintermediate ring 38.
In allen Fällen sollten die Schrauben 16, 26, 36 und ggf. Die Mutter 27, 37 aus Nickelbasis-Legierung (mit höchster Kriechfestigkeit) sein, um dadurch die notwendige Festigkeit und damit die Dichtigkeit der Schraubverbindung sicherzustellen. Da derartige Schrauben einen grösseren thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten haben als Stahl, führt das Hochfahren auf eine Betriebstemperatur in der Nähe von 600°C zu einem Abfall an Vorspannung der Schrauben, die zu einer Undichtigkeit führen kann. Es ist daher - wie bereits oben erwähnt - vorteilhaft, zusätzliche Dehnungsringe bzw. -hülsen aus austenitischem Material unter den Köpfen der Schrauben anzuordnen, die sich noch mehr ausdehnen als die Schrauben selbst und so die Vorspannung halten.In all cases, the screws should be 16, 26, 36 and possibly the
Die Ausgestaltung gemäss
- 10,20,3010,20,30
- Rotorrotor
- 11,1211.12
- Schmiedestückforging
- 1313
- Zwischenraumgap
- 1414
- SacklochgewindeBlind hole
- 1515
- DurchgangsbohrungThrough Hole
- 1616
- Schraubescrew
- 1717
- Flanschflange
- 1818
- Achseaxis
- 21,2221.22
- Schmiedestückforging
- 21',22'21 ', 22'
- Flanschflange
- 2323
- Zwischenraumgap
- 24,2524.25
- DurchgangsbohrungThrough Hole
- 2626
- Schraubescrew
- 2727
- Muttermother
- 2828
- radialer Zugangradial access
- 2929
- axialer Zugangaxial access
- 31,3231.32
- Schmiedestückforging
- 31',32'31 ', 32'
- Flanschflange
- 3333
- Zwischenraumgap
- 34,3534.35
- DurchgangsbohrungenThrough holes
- 3636
- Schraubescrew
- 3737
- Muttermother
- 3838
- Zwischenringintermediate ring
Claims (6)
- Rotor (20, 30) for a rotating thermal machine, in particular a high-temperature steam turbine, which rotor (20, 30) is composed of a plurality of forgings (21, 22; 31, 32) which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction and are fixedly connected to one another and which consist of different material adapted to the respective thermal load, the forgings (21, 22; 31, 32) being screw-connected to one another, the rotor (20, 30) comprising forgings (21; 31) which consist of high-strength steel, and the rotor (20, 30) comprising forgings (22; 32) which consist of an alloy, in particular based on nickel, resistant to high temperature, and the screw connection of the forgings (21, 22; 31, 32) taking place by means of screws (26, 36) which are arranged in the axial direction, characterized in that the screw connection of the forgings (21, 22; 31, 32) is designed as an internal screw connection and in that, in the case of two forgings (21, 22) screw-connected to one another, the two forgings (21, 22) each have a coaxial flange (21', 22') projecting inwards into an internal interspace (23) and having axial passage bores (24, 25), and in that the two forgings (21, 22) are screw-connected to one another by means of screws (26) inserted through the passage bores (24, 25) and by means of corresponding nuts (27).
- Rotor according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in one of the forgings (21, 22), accesses (28, 29) to the internal interspace (23) are provided, through which the screw connection of the two forgings (21, 22) can be carried out.
- Rotor according to Claim 2, characterized in that the accesses (28, 29) are arranged radially and/or axially.
- Rotor according to either one of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the first of the two forgings (21) consists of a high-strength steel and the second forging (22) consists of an alloy, in particular based on nickel, resistant to high temperature, and in that the accesses (28, 29) are arranged in the first forging (21) .
- Rotor according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of two forgings (31, 32) screw-connected to one another, the first forging (31) consists of a high-strength steel and the second forging (32) consists of an alloy, preferably based on nickel, resistant to high temperature, in that the first forging (31) is welded to a coaxial intermediate ring (38) consisting of high-strength steel, in that the intermediate ring (38) and the second forging (32) each have a coaxial flange (31', 32') projecting inwards into an internal interspace (33) and having axial passage bores (34, 35), and in that the intermediate ring (38), together with the welded-on first forging (31), and the second forging (32) are screw-connected to one another by means of screws (36) inserted through the passage bores (34, 35) and by means of corresponding nuts (37).
- Method for producing a rotor according to Claim 5, characterized in that, in a first step, the non-welded intermediate ring (38) is screw-connected to the second forging, and in that, in a second step, the first forging (31) is welded to the screwed-on intermediate ring (38).
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02014536.3A EP1378629B2 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2002-07-01 | Rotor for a rotating thermal engine as well as manufacturing method for such a rotor |
DE50208002T DE50208002D1 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2002-07-01 | Rotor for a rotary thermal machine and method for producing such a rotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02014536.3A EP1378629B2 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2002-07-01 | Rotor for a rotating thermal engine as well as manufacturing method for such a rotor |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1378629A1 EP1378629A1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
EP1378629B1 EP1378629B1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
EP1378629B2 true EP1378629B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
Family
ID=29719693
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02014536.3A Expired - Lifetime EP1378629B2 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2002-07-01 | Rotor for a rotating thermal engine as well as manufacturing method for such a rotor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1378629B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50208002D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007291966A (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-08 | Toshiba Corp | Steam turbine and turbine rotor |
JP2011069307A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Steam turbine rotor and steam turbine using the same |
EP2333239A1 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Manufacture method for a steam turbine rotor and corresponding rotor |
DE202011108099U1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-01-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | steam turbine rotor |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH234848A (en) † | 1943-02-09 | 1944-10-31 | Tech Studien Ag | Rotor for centrifugal machines with rotating bodies arranged axially next to one another and connected to one another by screws. |
EP0556514A2 (en) † | 1991-12-23 | 1993-08-25 | General Electric Company | Combined heat shield and retainer for turbine assembly bolt |
WO1996018810A1 (en) † | 1994-12-12 | 1996-06-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Recuperative steam cooled gas turbine |
DE19627386A1 (en) † | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-16 | Bmw Rolls Royce Gmbh | Connection arrangement for two turbine impeller disks |
DE19615549A1 (en) † | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-23 | Asea Brown Boveri | Device for the thermal protection of a rotor of a high pressure compressor |
WO1997044569A1 (en) † | 1996-05-17 | 1997-11-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Turbomachine rotor cooling |
US5796202A (en) † | 1997-02-20 | 1998-08-18 | General Electric Co. | Tie bolt and stacked wheel assembly for the rotor of a rotary machine |
DE19909056A1 (en) † | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-07 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Housing for a thermal turbomachine |
DE19914227A1 (en) † | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Heat protection device for gas turbines has cast protection elements located between main rotor part and rotor blade row |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3765795A (en) | 1970-04-30 | 1973-10-16 | Gen Electric | Compositely formed rotors and their manufacture |
FR2272259B1 (en) | 1974-05-21 | 1977-03-11 | Alsthom Cgee | |
DE2527498A1 (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1976-12-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | RADIAL TURBINE WHEEL FOR A GAS TURBINE |
AT378575B (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1985-08-26 | Elin Union Ag | ROTOR FOR A THERMAL TURBO MACHINE |
JP3999402B2 (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2007-10-31 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Dissimilar welding rotor for steam turbine |
JP2001050002A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-02-23 | Toshiba Corp | Low pressure turbine rotor and manufacturing method for the same, and steam turbine |
-
2002
- 2002-07-01 EP EP02014536.3A patent/EP1378629B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-01 DE DE50208002T patent/DE50208002D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH234848A (en) † | 1943-02-09 | 1944-10-31 | Tech Studien Ag | Rotor for centrifugal machines with rotating bodies arranged axially next to one another and connected to one another by screws. |
EP0556514A2 (en) † | 1991-12-23 | 1993-08-25 | General Electric Company | Combined heat shield and retainer for turbine assembly bolt |
WO1996018810A1 (en) † | 1994-12-12 | 1996-06-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Recuperative steam cooled gas turbine |
DE19627386A1 (en) † | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-16 | Bmw Rolls Royce Gmbh | Connection arrangement for two turbine impeller disks |
DE19615549A1 (en) † | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-23 | Asea Brown Boveri | Device for the thermal protection of a rotor of a high pressure compressor |
WO1997044569A1 (en) † | 1996-05-17 | 1997-11-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Turbomachine rotor cooling |
US5796202A (en) † | 1997-02-20 | 1998-08-18 | General Electric Co. | Tie bolt and stacked wheel assembly for the rotor of a rotary machine |
DE19909056A1 (en) † | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-07 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Housing for a thermal turbomachine |
DE19914227A1 (en) † | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Heat protection device for gas turbines has cast protection elements located between main rotor part and rotor blade row |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1378629A1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
DE50208002D1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
EP1378629B1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
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