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EP1376758A1 - Kompakte Leitantenne mit passender Anordnung - Google Patents

Kompakte Leitantenne mit passender Anordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1376758A1
EP1376758A1 EP03291382A EP03291382A EP1376758A1 EP 1376758 A1 EP1376758 A1 EP 1376758A1 EP 03291382 A EP03291382 A EP 03291382A EP 03291382 A EP03291382 A EP 03291382A EP 1376758 A1 EP1376758 A1 EP 1376758A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
recess
radiating element
conductive
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03291382A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1376758B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Coupez
Christian Person
Yann Toutain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orange SA
Original Assignee
France Telecom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Telecom SA filed Critical France Telecom SA
Publication of EP1376758A1 publication Critical patent/EP1376758A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1376758B1 publication Critical patent/EP1376758B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0442—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular tuning means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna "pastille" type printed in plated technology, linear or circular polarization, to operate in a wide frequency range extending at least up to a few gigahertz.
  • the antenna is intended to be installed in stations of basis of cellular networks for radiocommunications with terminals mobile radiotelephones to cover bands frequency of multiple networks.
  • the antenna must cover a very wide band of operating frequency in order to satisfy a increasing demand for bandwidth radiocommunication networks with terminals mobile.
  • the antenna must also be technically simple, reliable and economical to allow significant and viable development of interfaces radio communication in cellular networks.
  • the planar "patch" type antennas One of the most used solutions in the integration of current radio systems is the planar "patch" type antennas.
  • the substrate must, in particular, have a high thickness, a very low relative permittivity and a level of dielectric losses as small as possible.
  • French patent application FR 2818811 filed on December 26, 2000 by the applicant and published on June 28, 2002 the dielectric substrate is machined in a block of foam and an adaptation means is attached to a small square dielectric support embedded in a central cavity of one face of the substrate.
  • the adaptation means can have distributed elements such as ⁇ / 4 transformers, stubs, or coupled line structures as in a 3 dB-90 ° hybrid coupler or a filter for example.
  • the elements of the adaptation means are integrated on the small dielectric support so that it has a small thickness and a relatively higher permittivity than that of the antenna substrate.
  • European patent application EP 1 130 676 proposes according to a first realization of the document, a pellet type radiating element antenna comprising an impedance transformer taken into sandwich between two layers of substrate whose external faces respectively support the element radiating and a ground plate.
  • the transformer impedance according to a second embodiment of the aforementioned request is sandwiched between two layers of the three-layer substrate.
  • the impedance transformer includes two elements of conductive pattern which are on the underside of a layer of substrate 108 and the upper face of the underlying substrate layer and which are in electrical contact by superposition.
  • the impedance transformer embedded between two substrate layers according to EP 1 130 676 present the following disadvantages and limitations.
  • Conductive pattern elements on multiple separate substrates create discontinuities and electrical contact quality between these different elements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a "patch" type printed antenna which remedies disadvantages of the combination of accommodation and of the radiating element in the above-mentioned antennas according to the prior art, and particularly to the disadvantages of interconnection between the medium of adaptation and the radiating element and between different conductive elements of the means adaptation, while reducing the cost of manufacture of the antenna.
  • a printed antenna includes a dielectric substrate having first and second faces and a recess in the first face, a ground conductive plate disposed against the first face of substrate and covering the recess, a radiating element of the pastille type on the second substrate face, and a means of adaptation between the radiating element and an internal conductor of a excitation means having an attached external conductor against the ground plate.
  • the antenna is characterized, according to the invention, in that the means is supported at least partially by a wall of the substrate recess.
  • the means of adaptation is pre-integrated, like the radiant element of the antenna, on the dielectric substrate.
  • the substrate with the recess is shaped by molding or machining in a single block of foam dielectric, thus forming a single layer of three-dimensional machined substrate that supports everything the means of adaptation.
  • the characteristics of the antenna according to the invention meet criteria such as wide bandwidth, which consequently results in an increase substantial transmission capacity offered by the single radiant element while offering a simple technological solution for a realization collective of the complete antenna on one and the same dielectric foam support.
  • the characteristics of the substrate dielectric are adaptable as well at the level of the antenna for the very thick recommended of it that at the level of the means coping with regard to low thickness between the adapter and the plate mass thanks to the arrangement of the recess whose height is chosen directly by machining or molding of the foam substrate.
  • the geometry and position of the adapter are so perfectly controlled thanks to the shape of the recess made within the single block of dielectric foam.
  • the means of adaptation is no longer reported on the dielectric substrate supporting the radiating element but is obtained by simple machining or molding three dimensions in the dielectric substrate and by local metallic deposits to make the pattern constituting the adaptation element. This achievement of the adaptation means and of the radiating element on a common foam dielectric block leads to a simple manufacturing process to implement and economic.
  • the electrical problem of radiation potential parasite of the adaptive is very strongly attenuated. All elements of the antenna being integrated on a single substrate, the interconnections between the conductive elements, mainly dependent on criteria of positioning and spacing between elements drivers are much less restrictive.
  • the means adapter includes a conductive strip on the bottom of the recess substantially parallel to the ground plate and having a first end connected to the internal conductor of the excitation means and a second end connected to the radiating element by a conductive interconnection link in the substrate.
  • the means adapter has a conductive strip which is substantially perpendicular to a first portion of the radiating element and supported by a wall of the recess and which is connected to the internal conductor of the excitation means, and a conductive pad which is substantially parallel to a second portion of the radiating element and supported by a wall of the recess and which is connected to the conductive strip.
  • the conductive pad thus achieves a coupling capacitive to excite the radiating element.
  • a half-wave "patch" type antenna with linear polarization 1 includes a shaped dielectric substrate 2 of paving stone, an electrically conductive plate 3 arranged against a first face of the substrate and constituting a ground plane, and a layer electrically conductive rectangular 4 extending in the center of the second face of the substrate and constituting a printed radiating element of the type pellet.
  • the radiating element 4 has a contour rectangular with sides L and W, but may have a square, circular or elliptical outline for example.
  • the antenna 1 thus has a symmetrical structure by relation to two planes of symmetry XX and YY perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to substrate 2 faces.
  • the recess is a cavity whose depth p is small compared to the thickness e of the substrate 2.
  • the cavity is substantially rectangular and is symmetrical with respect to the XX and YY planes.
  • the form of the substrate and the recess therein can be obtained by machining in a single block of foam, or directly by foam molding.
  • the adaptation means comprises a band conductor 6 printed on the bottom 51 of the recess 5 along the plane of symmetry XX, the bottom 51 of the recess being substantially parallel to the plate mass 3.
  • a first end 61 of the strip adaptation conductor 6 is connected to the conductor internal 71 of a coaxial excitation probe of the antenna which crosses without contact a hole in the earth plate 3.
  • the external conductor 72 of the probe is fixed against one face of the earth plate 3 opposite the substrate 2.
  • a second end 62 of the adapter conductive strip 6 is connected to the radiating element 4 by an interconnection link conductor in the form of a metallic crossing 63 extending into the substrate between the bottom 51 of the recess 5 and the radiating element 4 on the second side of the substrate. Electrical continuity is thus ensured between the internal conductor 71 of the excitation probe and the radiating element 4 to through the adaptation element 6 and the crossing 63, and the antenna thus works in polarization linear.
  • the performances of the antenna 1 of the invention are optimized thanks to the choice of thickness important of the substrate 2 in dielectric foam as well that the electrical characteristics of the strip adaptation 6 whose distance from the plane mass 3 is easily selectable depending on the depth p of the internal recess 5 during the manufacture of the antenna.
  • the dielectric substrate 3 is made from a single "layer" of foam and machined or preformed in three dimensions therein ; it thus supports the radiating element 4 in tablet and the adapter in the form of the conductive strip 6 is printed directly on the substrate by photoengraving or metallic paint by example.
  • the realization of the antenna is found thus considerably simplified while allowing control of spacing and positioning relative between the different conductive elements of the antenna.
  • the antenna 1 according to the first embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is an antenna flat "patch", with very wide bandwidth.
  • the pre-integrated passive elements 6 and 63 have both a role of compensation for the electrical effect due to the connection through metallic crossing 63 and a role broadband impedance matching at the conductive strip 6.
  • elements series such as microstrip line sections distributed in series, or parallel elements such as stubs 64, complete the passive circuit of adaptation means in order to adapt the antenna to the characteristic impedance of the excitation probe.
  • the adaptation means can also include a microwave filter, or a hybrid coupler with vertices connected to two metallic crossings 63 for antenna operation with polarization circular.
  • the faces of the substrate 2 are substantially rectangular and the second face of the substrate is completely covered by the rectangular radiating element 4.
  • the thickness e, the width W, and the length L of the substrate 2 are respectively 20 mm, 48 mm and 50 mm.
  • the adaptation means is composed of a conductive strip 6 having a length of 35 mm and a width of 2 mm and a conductive stub 64 perpendicular to the conductive strip and having a length of 10 mm and a width of 2 mm, the strip and the stub being etched on the bottom 51 of the recess 5.
  • the characteristic impedance of the microstrip lines thus formed in the recess 5, immersed in an almost homogeneous equivalent air / foam medium is 125 ⁇ .
  • This relatively high characteristic impedance value is particularly suitable for impedance levels which are presented at the connection point 65 between the metallized bushing 63 and the radiating element 4 and which are high compared to the a priori characteristic impedance of 50 ⁇ at the level of the excitation probe 71-72: in fact, the antenna 1 being of the "patch" type on a substrate 2 of high thickness and very low relative permittivity, this embodiment favors the high impedance character of the antenna.
  • the structure of the antenna according to the invention provides a freedom parameter, the depth p of the recess 5 in the foam substrate 2, which makes it possible to choose the electrical characteristics of the means of adaptation of the antenna and thus controlling the spacing between the metallic adaptation patterns 6, 64 and the ground plate 3.
  • the connection with the radiating element 2 of the antenna produced by the metallized bushing 63 is also at high impedance.
  • This bandwidth is representative of a very wide operation bandaged.
  • T transmission response also shown in Figure 3 is reflected in the diagram of radiation from the antenna by effective radiation in this frequency band at least in the main antenna direction of radiation corresponding to the intersection line of the planes perpendicular XX and YY.
  • the first variant shown in Figure 4 differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 2 by a metallic crossing 63a in the substrate dielectric 2, as an interconnection link between the internal conductor 71 of the probe of coaxial excitation and the radiating element 4, which extends in line with the internal conductor 71 of the excitation probe.
  • Metallic crossing 63a can be replaced by internal conductor 71 of the probe which is much longer than the one shown in Figure 2, an additional length substantially equal to e - p.
  • the internal conductor also passes through a drilled hole in the substrate between the recess bottom 51 and the radiating element 4 and has a welded free end to the radiating element 4 and an intermediate section at the bottom 51 of the recess 5 welded to the conductive adapter strip 6.
  • the welds are made with a conductive adhesive for example.
  • the internal conductive element of probe 71 is thus common to the radiating element "patch" 4 and to the adapter strip 6.
  • the 71-72 excitation probe is fixed under the center of the earth plate 3.
  • the adapter strip conductive 6b first extends over the bottom 51 of the recess 5 from the first end 61b substantially central to the recess 51 and soldered to the end of the internal conductor 71 of the probe, substantially in the plane of symmetry XX of the radiating element 4, to the second end 62b consisting of a metallic crossing in the substrate 2 between the recess bottom 51 and a field lateral 21 of the substrate.
  • the interconnection link includes a conductive strip 63b printed on the substrate field 21 and extending perpendicular to the radiating element between the metallized bushing 62b and one side of the element radiant 4.
  • the third variant shown in FIG. 6 relates to a printed antenna whose substrate 2c has at least one projection 8 extending longitudinally to the plane of symmetry YY and covered by the radiating element 4c, in accordance with the printed antenna structure described in the French patent application already cited FR 2818811, filed on December 26, 2000.
  • the metallized layer constituting the radiating element 4c covers the top and the longitudinal sides 81 of the projection 8 and has a U-shaped section with potent ends, with wings 41 extending over the second face of the substrate 2 and having a width L1 different from the width L2 of the projection 8.
  • the height h of the projection 8 may be equal to or greater than the thickness e of the substrate 2 in general.
  • the length of the radiating element 4b is reduced significantly. This reduction in length approximates the radiant slots to the end of the symmetrical wings 41 of the element radiating, which opens the radiation diagram of the antenna in the electric field plane perpendicular to the projection 8. Thickening important at the center of the substrate 2c formed by the projection 8 covered with the elongated radiating element electrically the resonant dimension of the antenna and thus increases the characteristic impedance at center of the antenna which is equivalent to a pseudo short circuit.
  • the projection reduced so significant the size of the antenna for a given operating frequency. The higher the impedance the higher the center of the antenna, the higher the width L2 of the projection must be reduced for a frequency given under the resonance condition.
  • the means of adaptation shown in Figure 6 has a printed conductive strip 6 on the bottom 51 of the recess 5 and a metallized crossing 63c analogous to the first realization shown in Figure 2.
  • the recess 5 is underlying at projection 8 and at a depth p smaller than the thickness e of the substrate taken away from the projection.
  • the adaptation means for any antenna with projection 8 can be structured according to FIG. 4 or 5, or according to FIG. 8 or 10, as will be seen below.
  • the jiggle antenna shown in the figures 7 and 8 according to the second embodiment of the invention includes a means of adaptation with inductive elements and capacitive supported by two walls of the recess 5d.
  • the recess 5d has a depth pd significantly more large that the peripheral thickness e of the substrate to the gap of the projection and is partly located in the thickness h of the projection 8d, and in half of the width L2 of the projection.
  • the means of adaptation includes two elements 61d and 62d.
  • the first element 61d is a conductive strip extending the conductor internal 71 of the excitation probe substantially perpendicular to a central portion of the element radiating and supported by a wall of the recess 5d located substantially in the plane of symmetry YY.
  • Band 61d constitutes an adaptation element inductive.
  • the second element 62d is a range conductive rectangular connected to one end of the conductive strip 61d and supported by a part from the bottom 51d of the recess 5d, substantially parallel to the upper face of the radiating element 4d on the jump.
  • Range 62d is an element capacitive adaptation.
  • the variant of the second embodiment shown Figures 9 and 10 also relates to a means both inductive and capacitive relative to the radiating element.
  • the way adapter comprises three conductive elements 61e, 62nd and 63rd.
  • the first element 61e is a strip conductor which extends the internal conductor 71 by the excitation probe substantially perpendicularly on the upper face of the projection.
  • the band 61e is supported by a wall of the recess perpendicular to the ground plate 3, like the strip 61d.
  • the second element 62e is a strip conductive which extends over the entire bottom of the recess 51e, parallel to the 4th radiating element and in the plane of symmetry XX and partially constitutes with the band 61e, an inductive adaptation element.
  • the third element 63e is a rectangular range conductive connected to one end of the strip 62e to the bottom of the recess and extending against another wall of the 5th recess substantially parallel to a side of the projection and perpendicular to the plate mass 3.
  • the range 63e has a height substantially less than the height h of the projection, and constitutes a capacitive coupling element with the element beaming 4th.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP20030291382 2002-06-17 2003-06-11 Kompakte Streifenleiterantenne mit einer Anpassungsanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP1376758B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0207676A FR2841046B1 (fr) 2002-06-17 2002-06-17 Antenne pastille compacte avec un moyen d'adaptation
FR0207676 2002-06-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1376758A1 true EP1376758A1 (de) 2004-01-02
EP1376758B1 EP1376758B1 (de) 2005-09-28

Family

ID=29595380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20030291382 Expired - Lifetime EP1376758B1 (de) 2002-06-17 2003-06-11 Kompakte Streifenleiterantenne mit einer Anpassungsanordnung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1376758B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60301699T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2841046B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007144104A1 (de) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-21 Kathrein-Werke Kg Mehrschichtige antenne planarer bauart
US7741999B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2010-06-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Multilayer antenna of planar construction
US9647328B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2017-05-09 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patch radiator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011117690B3 (de) * 2011-11-04 2012-12-20 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patch-Strahler

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5886668A (en) * 1994-03-08 1999-03-23 Hagenuk Telecom Gmbh Hand-held transmitting and/or receiving apparatus
JP2000216630A (ja) * 1999-01-20 2000-08-04 Alps Electric Co Ltd アンテナ付き送受信器
EP1130676A2 (de) * 2000-02-29 2001-09-05 Lucent Technologies Inc. Streifenleiterantenne mit eingebautem Impedanztransformer und Verfahren zur deren Herstellung
EP1148581A1 (de) * 2000-04-17 2001-10-24 Kosan I & T Co., Ltd. Mikrostreifenleiterantenne
EP1168492A1 (de) * 2000-06-27 2002-01-02 Toko, Inc. Ebene Antenne
US20020024465A1 (en) * 2000-04-13 2002-02-28 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Circularly polarized antenna device and radio communication apparatus using the same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5886668A (en) * 1994-03-08 1999-03-23 Hagenuk Telecom Gmbh Hand-held transmitting and/or receiving apparatus
JP2000216630A (ja) * 1999-01-20 2000-08-04 Alps Electric Co Ltd アンテナ付き送受信器
EP1130676A2 (de) * 2000-02-29 2001-09-05 Lucent Technologies Inc. Streifenleiterantenne mit eingebautem Impedanztransformer und Verfahren zur deren Herstellung
US20020024465A1 (en) * 2000-04-13 2002-02-28 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Circularly polarized antenna device and radio communication apparatus using the same
EP1148581A1 (de) * 2000-04-17 2001-10-24 Kosan I & T Co., Ltd. Mikrostreifenleiterantenne
EP1168492A1 (de) * 2000-06-27 2002-01-02 Toko, Inc. Ebene Antenne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 11 3 January 2001 (2001-01-03) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007144104A1 (de) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-21 Kathrein-Werke Kg Mehrschichtige antenne planarer bauart
KR101011310B1 (ko) * 2006-06-14 2011-01-28 카트라인-베르케 카게 평면 구조를 갖는 다층 안테나
US7741999B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2010-06-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Multilayer antenna of planar construction
US9647328B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2017-05-09 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patch radiator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60301699D1 (de) 2005-11-03
DE60301699T2 (de) 2006-06-22
FR2841046B1 (fr) 2006-06-16
FR2841046A1 (fr) 2003-12-19
EP1376758B1 (de) 2005-09-28

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