EP1373817B2 - Cooling grid for a bulk material cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooling grate for a bulk-material cooler, in particular for combustion material (8) such as cement clinker, of which the top side forms a carrying surface which supports the combustion material (8) which is to be cooled, the cooling grate (1) being made up of a plurality of fixed shaped profiles (4) which partially engage one over the other and between which gas-throughflow channels (5) are formed, it being the case that the shaped profiles (4) are of the same shape and have a central part (41) and outer parts (42, 43) which are angled in opposite directions to the central part (41), the shaped profiles (4) being arranged such that in each case one of the gas-throughflow channels (5) is formed between in each case one of the outer parts (42', 43) of two directly adjacent shaped profiles (4, 4'). There is preferably provided a support (3) which has position-defining mounts (36) for the shaped profiles (4).

Description

The invention relates to a cooling grate for a bulk material cooler, in particular for combustible material such as cement clinker, the upper side forms a cooling surface supporting the cooling, wherein the cooling grate is composed of a plurality of fixed partially overlapping shape profiles, between which gas passageways are formed.

Cooling grates of this type are used for receiving and cooling of the cooler supplied Brenngut. For this, the cooling grate has to fulfill essentially three functions, namely to carry the kiln to be cooled, to provide feeds for the cooling gas and to form a basis for a delivery system for the kiln to be cooled. The conveyor system ensures that the fuel is transported via the fixed cooling grate.

Such a cooler is from the EP-B-0 676 031 known. There a composite of several profiles cooling grille is described. Two different types of profiles are used. The first type is designed as a cross-sectionally substantially rectangular beam whose underside has a central recess extending in the longitudinal direction. The second type of shaped profiles has the shape of an inverted T in cross-section, wherein the transverse parts of the T are provided at their free ends in each case with an extending in the direction of the longitudinal part of the T edge. The two types of shaped profiles are arranged alternately. In this case, the edges engage in the recess of one of the rectangular shaped profiles on the transverse parts of the two directly adjacent T-shaped shaped profiles. This creates between each a rectangular shape profile and a T-like shape profile, a gas passageway.

The channel is not straight, but has several deflections to prevent material breakdown. A disadvantage of the known cooling grate that the shape of profiles with their depressions or their edges to produce consuming and also are quite difficult to assemble. In addition, two different types of shape profiles are required, which further increases the required effort.

A genre foreign cooling grid is in the DE-A-195 37 904 described. It is formed from several shape profiles, which are joined together closely with their long sides. The shape profiles have groove-like recesses on their longitudinal sides which are intended to rest on adjacent shaped profiles, which run obliquely from the underside to the upper side. In the assembled state, these groove-like recesses form gas passageways from the bottom of the cooling grate to the top thereof. The disadvantage of this is that the mold profiles are expensive to manufacture with their recesses. This is all the more so because a separate recess is required for each gas passageway. For a good, uniform cooling result, a plurality of gas passageways are required, whereby a considerable effort is required.

Further, it is known to assemble the cooling grate of several profiles, which are of U-shaped or U- and T-shaped and are arranged alternately. Such cooling grates are expensive to manufacture and assembly.

In addition to the type of cooler described above, another type of cooler is still known in which the grate carrying the kiln to be cooled and the conveying system for transporting the kiln are not separated from one another via the radiator. In this case, instead of the fixed cooling grate, a movable sliding grate is used. The sliding grate consists of several rows, which are arranged alternately fixed and movable. By means of a drive device, the movable rows are reciprocated. This reciprocating movement transports the cooling material along the sliding grate. The rows of the push grate are often made up of several plate elements ( WO 99/44001 . US 5,174,747 ). Because of the movable rows, push grates are expensive to manufacture and operate.

Starting from the in EP-B-0 676 031 described cooling grate has the task of creating a cooling grate of the type mentioned, which reduces the disadvantages mentioned.

The solution according to the invention lies in a cement clinker cooler grate with the features of claim 1.

Angled in opposite directions is understood here to mean that, relative to the middle part, one of the outer parts is angled toward one side of the middle part, while another outer part is angled toward the opposite side of the middle part. The outer parts thus have in opposite directions, and it is not necessary that they have in exactly opposite directions, ie offset by 180 ° to each other.

The invention has recognized that with the inventive design of the mold profiles of the considerable effort, which is due to the use of two different shape mold profiles, can be avoided. The cooling grid according to the invention is therefore easier to manufacture and also cheaper to maintain. In addition, it is easy to assemble, because the shaped profiles overlap roof-like and can be easily positioned one after the other. These advantages are not paid for with a deteriorated cooling result, but the cooling grid according to the invention even has a more favorable design of the gas passageways. Since in the cooling grid according to the invention, the gas passage channel is formed only by two outer parts of adjacent shape profiles, which are arranged opposite one another, the gas passage channel is shorter compared to that of the generic type cooling grate and has fewer deflections for the gas flow. As a result, the opposing resistance of the gas stream decreases considerably, whereby either the amount of the cooling gas flow can be increased or the supply device for the cooling gas can be dimensioned smaller. Fewer deflections in the gas passage channel also mean less turbulence, whereby the uniformity of the cooling gas admission of the combustible material to be cooled is increased.

Conveniently, the outer parts are arranged in the region of the gas passageway parallel to each other. This has the advantage that the gas passage channel between the two parallel outer parts has a constant width. Narrows with their disadvantages in terms of resistance increase and vortex formation are thus avoided. This results in a better and more uniform distribution of the cooling gas.

Advantageously, the outer parts are arranged so that the gas passage channel formed by them exiting refrigerant gas directs a direction component parallel to the plane of the cooling grate. With such a cooling gas flow, which is also directed in the cooling grid level, a more uniform cooling can be achieved, since in this way more cooling gas passes into the areas of the combustible material between the gas passageways. In addition, reduced with such an arrangement, the risk that firing material penetrates into the gas passageways and falls through.

It is advantageous if the shape profile is formed with rounded angles. A rounded design of the angle between the central part and the outer parts has the advantage that the cooling gas when entering the gas passage channel can more harmoniously pass through the transition region between the middle part and the outer part. This also avoids the formation of vortices and favors a uniform guidance and thus distribution of the cooling gas.

Conveniently, the mold profile is Z-shaped. Such a design of the molded profile has the advantage of particularly simple production and assembly of the molded sections to a cooling grid. The gas passage channel formed between two outer parts of mutually adjacent mold profiles is also aerodynamic in a Z-shaped design of the mold profiles, since apart from the inlet and outlet within the gas passage channel no deflection of the gas flow takes place, but the cooling gas can flow straight. Under Z-shaped here is not only the case understood that the outer parts are arranged at an acute angle to the middle part, but they can be arranged with advantage also at right angles or even obtuse.

Although it is advantageous if the middle part and / or the outer parts are flat, but this is not essential. They can also be curved. The latter even has the advantage that the transitions between the central part and the outer part can be made more harmonic, whereby the gas passage channel presents less resistance to the cooling gas flow.

In a particularly advantageous design, the shape profiles are point-symmetrical. This results in the advantage that the assembly of the mold sections to form the cooling grate is further simplified because it makes no difference whether they are installed rotated by 180 ° or not. Mixing up during assembly is practically impossible.

Conveniently, the shape profiles are arranged transversely with respect to the conveying direction of the combustible material to be cooled. Thus, on the one hand, a favorable arrangement of Gasdruchtrittskanäle achieved, on the other hand, and above all, however, a greater braking effect is exerted on the kiln.

It is particularly expedient if a support is provided which has position-determining receptacles for the shaped profiles. The shots allow a simple and positionally accurate mounting of the mold profiles on the carriers. This is especially true when angular position and longitudinal position are determined by the recordings.

Fig. 1

eine Schnittansicht eines Kühlrosts gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;

Fig. 2

eine Schnittansicht eines Kühlrosts gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;

Fig. 3

eine Schnittansicht eines Kühlrosts gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung; und

Fig. 4

eine Schnittansicht eines Kühlrosts gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown. Show it:

Fig. 1

a sectional view of a cooling grid according to a first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2

a sectional view of a cooling grid according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3

a sectional view of a cooling grid according to a third embodiment of the invention; and

Fig. 4

a sectional view of a cooling grid according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.

For all described below For the sake of simplicity, exemplary embodiments are assumed to be a cooling grate for a cooler, through which cooling gas flows from bottom to top, thereby serving to cool hot material, in particular hot cement clinker or the like.

A first embodiment of the cooling grid according to the invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 1. Within a cooler, a cooling grate 1 is provided, rests on the kiln 8 to be cooled and is transported by a conveying mechanism (not shown) in a conveying direction 9. Below the cooling grate 1, a plenum 6 is formed, which is supplied by a cooling gas supply device (not shown) cooling gas to finally be fed through the cooling grate 1 through the kiln 8 for cooling.

The cooling grate 1 is arranged on two transversely to the conveying direction 9 extending, I-shaped main beams 2. For the sake of simplicity, only two of these main beams 2 are shown, however, any number of main beams 2 may be provided. Transverse to the main beams 2 and thus parallel to the conveying direction 9 longitudinal beams 3 are arranged. They have at their ends recesses 31 for resting on the main beams 2. The upper side 32 of the longitudinal members 3 is provided with a sawtooth-like serration 36. At the ends of the longitudinal member 3, the serration 36 is designed so that when connecting a neighboring longitudinal member 3 at this end, the serration 36 passes continuously. Depending on a recess of the serration 36 forms a receptacle for one of the mold profiles. 4

The shape profile 4 is Z-shaped. It has a plate-like central part 41, at the opposite ends in each case an outer part 42, 43 is arranged. The outer parts 42, 43 are arranged at right angles and in opposite directions facing the central part 41. The outer part 42 located in the conveying direction 9 at the rear points obliquely upwards, while the outer part 43 located in the conveying direction 9 points obliquely downwards. A transition region between the middle part 41 and the outer parts 42, 43 is rounded at the inwardly facing side 44 and executed on the opposite, outwardly facing side 46 square. The shape profile 4 lies with its rear outer part 42 completely and with its central part 41 predominantly in one of the recesses of the serration 36 of the longitudinal member 3. The front outer part 43 projects freely out of the serration 36.

The shape and the distance of the serration 36 from one recess to the next is chosen so that the mold profile 4 with its front outer part 43, the outer part 42 'of the seen in the conveying direction to the front adjacent profile shape 4' roof pan-like overlaps. This creates between the front outer part 43 of the rear mold section 4 and the rear outer part 42 'of the front mold section 4' a gas passageway 5. Apart from the region of its inlet 51 and its mouth 52 of the gas passageway 5 runs between the parallel outer surfaces 42 ', 43rd just. The position of the mold profiles 4, 4 'to each other is determined by the Zakkung 36 of the main carrier 3. This means that it is sufficient to insert the molded sections 4, 4 'in the serration 36 of the longitudinal member 3 and thereby readily forms the gas passageway 5 between two adjacent mold sections 4, 4'. The gas passageways 5 are defined in terms of their design by the design of the serration 36 and the mold sections 4. The width of the gas passageway 5 is determined by the distance of the serration 36 on the one hand and by the shape and thickness of the material of the outer parts 42 ', 43 on the other. Adjustments are not required. It is sufficient for mounting the cooling grate 1 so completely that after assembly of the support structure 2, 3, the mold sections 4 are successively inserted into the serration 36 of the longitudinal member 3 and secured there. This creates both the support surface for the kiln 8 to be cooled as well as the gas passageways 5. Thus, the cooling grate 1 allows a high degree of prefabrication, so that then only the individual parts need to be assembled on the site. The result is a cooling grate, on the one hand has advantages in terms of a simple structure as well as on the other hand, the quality of the cooling gas flow.

Particularly noteworthy is that it is not necessary in the cooling grid 1 according to the invention to bring individual parts in a specific relative position to each other and then attach them permanently in this position. The relative position of the parts, in particular the shaped sections 4, is already determined by the design of the longitudinal members 3 and unchangeable. Assembly errors are largely excluded. If the mold sections 4 are used successively opposite to the conveying direction 9, then the insertion of the individual shaped sections 4 into the serration 36 is particularly easy, without the need for special and difficult-to-use threading operations.

Due to the design of the mold profiles 4 passes through the gas passageways 5 passed cooling gas obliquely with respect to the conveying direction, d. H. with a horizontal component parallel to the plane of the cooling grate 1, from the cooling grid 1 and into the kiln 8 to be cooled. The oblique guidance of the cooling gas combines advantages in terms of better and above all uniform cooling effect and reduction of material diarrhea in or through the gas passageways 5. The material diarrhea inhibiting deflections are therefore required only to a lesser extent, which not only improves the gas flow, but also the risk is reduced by blockages.

The arrangement of the mold profiles 4 transverse to the conveying direction 9 has the advantage that the cooling grate 1 has a braking effect on the kiln 8. Such a braking effect may be desirable to allow sufficient residence time of the combustible in the cooler guarantee. The braking effect is advantageously increased by the fact that the outer angle 46, which protrude into the bed of the combustible material 8, have a polygonal edge and not, as the inner angle 44, are rounded.

Another embodiment of the cooling grid according to the invention is shown in FIG. Parts which correspond to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. The mold profile 14 has between its central part 141 and its outer parts 142, 143 flattened transition areas 144, 145. The flattened transition region 144 determines the mounting position of the mold profile 14 with respect to a base, which is formed in Fig. 2 by a longitudinal member 13. The flattened transition region 144 ensures that the mold profile 14 is always fixed in the correct angular position with respect to the longitudinal member 13. Mounting errors of tilted from its intended position molded sections 14 are practically excluded as in the first embodiment. The distances between the mold profiles 14 are not determined by the side member 13, but can be chosen freely during assembly. Thus, the width of the gas passageway can be changed according to the distance between two adjacent mold sections 14, 14 '. As a rule, although an equidistant arrangement of the shaped sections 14 on the longitudinal member 13 will take place, variations can be made in order to guide a larger or smaller volume flow of cooling gas to the kiln to be cooled at certain points through a further or a narrower gas passage. Thus, it may be advisable to set the shape profiles 14 at a smaller distance from one another in areas with a high cooling power requirement, in order thus to achieve a greater width of the gas passageways 15. Such variations, however, are not limited to taking into account differences in the cooling power requirement, but may advantageously be used to compensate for differences in the supply of cooling gas. Thus, often at the far away from the cooling gas supply means locations of the plenum 6, a lower pressure of the cooling gas; to compensate there are the shape of profiles 14 arranged closer, so that there is a greater width of the gas passageways 15 and thus the cooling gas supply over the entire cooling grate 1 is made gleichmäßigt.

In Fig. 3, a third embodiment of the cooling grid according to the invention is shown. Parts which correspond to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. In contrast to the first embodiment, the longitudinal member 23 has a straight top 232. The shaped profiles 24 are executed rounded in their middle part 241 and its outer part 242, 243. Likewise, the angles between the outer parts 242, 243 and the central parts 241 are made rounded, so that overall results in an S-shape rather than a Z-shape as in the first embodiment. Between the outer part 243 of a rear mold section 24 and the outer part 242 'of a front mold section 24', a gas passageway 25 is formed. The gas passageway 25 itself is of relatively short length and large width; However, it is followed by an inlet area 251 and an opening area 252. The outer part 243 is fixed to the central part 24 so that a harmonious transition results; the same applies to the attachment of the outer part 242 'to the mold profile 24'. The curved design of the central part 24 and the outer parts 242 ', 243 and the harmonious transitions between them results in a double-deflected gas passage, but which is designed very streamlined.

The shape profiles according to the first, second and third embodiments are each point-symmetrical. This allows a simple construction of the cooling grate can be achieved, also the risk of assembly errors by confused positioning is virtually avoided.

4, a fourth embodiment of the cooling grid according to the invention is shown. The shaped profiles 34 are not point-symmetrical in this embodiment. They have a middle part 341, in which a right-angled outer part 343 adjoins the forward end in the conveying direction. At the rear end in the conveying direction, a hook-like outer part 342 is arranged at an obtuse angle to the middle part 341. In this embodiment, although the advantage of a point-symmetrical design with respect to confusion-safe mounting is no longer given, but this more freedom of design with regard to the design of the gas passage 35 are given. Usually, the shaped profiles 34 are made in one piece, but ultimately it can be left here as well as in the shape profiles of other embodiments, whether they are one or more parts executed. The rear outer part 342 is formed flat with its lower side and can be fixed in this way to the longitudinal frame 33, without alignment work on the angular position are required. The spacing of the mold profiles 34 is usually chosen to be equidistant, but can be varied to produce gas passageways 35 of different widths.

Claims (10)

1. Cement clinker cooling grate, the top side of which forms a carrying surface which supports the cement clinker (8), with a conveyor mechanism for the cement clinker, the cooling grate (1) being made up of a plurality of fixed shaped profiles (4) which overlap one another in a manner of roof tiles and between which gas throughflow channels (5) are formed, characterised in that the shaped profiles (4) are of the same shape and have a central part (41) and outer parts (42, 43) which are angled in opposite directions to the central part (41), the shaped profiles (4) being arranged such that in each case one of the gas throughflow channels (5) is formed between in each case one of the outer parts (42',43) of two directly adjacent shaped profiles (4, 4').
2. Cement clinker cooling grate according to Claim 1, characterised in that the outer parts (42', 43) are arranged parallel to one another in the region of the gas throughflow channel (5).
3. Cement clinker cooling grate according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the outer parts (42, 43) are arranged such that the gas throughflow channel (5) formed by them provides outgoing cooling gas with a direction component parallel to the plane of the cooling grate (1).
4. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the shaped profile (4) is designed with rounded angles.
5. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the shaped profile is of Z-shaped design.
6. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the central part (41) and/or the outer parts (42, 43) is/are of flat design.
7. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the central part (241) and/or the outer parts (242, 243) is/are of curved design.
8. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the shaped profiles (4) are centrally symmetrical.
9. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the shaped profiles are arranged transversely in relation to a conveying direction (9) of the combustion material (8) which is to be cooled.
10. Cement clinker cooling grate according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that there is provided a support (3) which has position-defining mounts (36) for the shaped profiles (4) .

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