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EP1370795A1 - Plate-shaped or tubular insulating material - Google Patents

Plate-shaped or tubular insulating material

Info

Publication number
EP1370795A1
EP1370795A1 EP01940433A EP01940433A EP1370795A1 EP 1370795 A1 EP1370795 A1 EP 1370795A1 EP 01940433 A EP01940433 A EP 01940433A EP 01940433 A EP01940433 A EP 01940433A EP 1370795 A1 EP1370795 A1 EP 1370795A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating material
glass fiber
protective layer
material according
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01940433A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Horst GRÄTER
Armin Stamm
Bernhard Thies
Dirk HÖFLING
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG
BANK AG LONDON DEUTSCHE
Deutsche Bank AG London Branch
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG, BANK AG LONDON DEUTSCHE, Deutsche Bank AG London Branch filed Critical Armacell Enterprise GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1370795A1 publication Critical patent/EP1370795A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/021—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials comprising a single piece or sleeve, e.g. split sleeves; consisting of two half sleeves; comprising more than two segments
    • F16L59/022—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials comprising a single piece or sleeve, e.g. split sleeves; consisting of two half sleeves; comprising more than two segments with a single slit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1362—Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulating material in the form of plates or tubes with a layer of expanded rubber, one main surface of which is the contact surface with an object to be insulated and an outer protective layer is adhesively bonded to the opposite main surface.
  • AI half shells for the insulation of pipes are known, which are arranged on the pipe to be insulated to form a cylindrical body enclosing this and connected to each other along their contact surfaces.
  • the half-shells can consist of an elastic material and can be coated with a vapor-deposited metal layer.
  • ribs can be provided in the longitudinal direction or in the form of a spiral or radially extending or other projections that can be made of an elastic material.
  • EP 0 220 651 B1 discloses a three-layer plate in which a closed-cell polyurethane foam plate with a density of 40 to 120 kg / m 3 is connected on both sides to an enamelled metal sheet with the aid of a contact adhesive based on polychloroprene rubber.
  • EP 0 118 013 B1 discloses a laminate made of a foam, including rubber, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride, in which glass fibers are embedded in the form of layers parallel to its top and bottom.
  • the laminate is covered on both sides with a flame-retardant cover sheet in the form of an aluminum foil, which is also adhered by a flame-retardant adhesive layer.
  • the laminated body is designed such that the network formed by the glass fiber layers is also adhesively bonded to the aluminum foil.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to design the insulating material of the type mentioned at the outset such that, if its mechanical strength is increased without the addition of additional flame retardants, an improved flame resistance or, with the same flame protection classification, a reduction in the necessary flame retardants is achieved.
  • the protective layer consists of a mat-shaped glass fiber material which is coated on the outside with a metal or a polymer.
  • the coating is a metal, it advantageously consists of aluminum or copper. If it is a polymer, it is expediently formed by a polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride or an inorganic or organic silicon compound, such as silicone rubber.
  • the thickness of the coating is preferably between 0.05 to 1 mm.
  • the coating can be produced by gluing on a film or, if it is to be particularly thin, by sputtering or vapor deposition. When gluing, a flame-retardant adhesive is expediently used.
  • a glass fiber fleece is expediently suitable as the mat-shaped glass fiber material.
  • the protective layer also being able to extend overlapping a circumferential section in the region of the cut in the case of hoses cut parallel at a connection point for assembly reasons.
  • the protective layer and the layer of expanded rubber are preferably connected by means of an adhesive applied to the glass fiber material, which is provided with a flame-retardant finish.
  • the connection of the protective layer with the hoses made of expanded rubber can also be made on site during assembly.
  • the adhesive can be applied over the entire surface or in a structured manner.
  • the expanded rubber suitably consists of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), of chloroprene rubber (CR, CSM), of silicone rubbers or of mixtures of acrylonitrile butadene rubber with polyvinyl chloride ,
  • the insulating material achieves surprisingly high values for the fire protection class with at the same time significantly improved mechanical strength without the use of halogen-containing flame retardants, which would lead to the generation of toxic gases in the event of fire.
  • the usual Chen maintain thermal insulation properties.
  • cheaper rubber or a reduced amount of chemical flame retardants can be used compared to conventional insulation materials.
  • an insulating material consisting of a layer of expanded rubber which is adhesively bonded on one side to a protective layer, for example in the form of an aluminum foil, by means of a flame-retardant adhesive, on the side of the aluminum foil under predetermined test conditions of an open flame or exposed to a strong heat source, a high proportion of the heat is reflected by the aluminum, but due to the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum, the heat is only very quickly acted on by the flame-retardant adhesive, which acts on the rubber, the temperature of which increases immediately, so that it increases begins to decompose and then catch fire. After the respective national flame test, the insulating material is then classified in France as M2, in Germany as B2 and in England as Class 1 (BS 476: Part 7).
  • the glass fiber material ensures that those prescribed for the fire classification Test conditions for the fact that the heat transfer to the rubber is delayed for a surprisingly long time, so that both the time of the release of flammable gases and the time of ignition can be delayed, so that the insulating material according to the invention during the fire tests has the fire protection class Ml or Bl or Class 0 reached.
  • the hose has an incision surface 17 that extends inclined from the inside to the outside to a radial plane.
  • the protective layer is adhesively attached to the outer circumferential surface of the layer 11 by means of the adhesive 16, whereby the protective layer can overlap in the area of the incision 17 over a part of the circumference, which can be, for example, a third to a quarter of the total circumference.
  • Corresponding overlaps of the protective layer can be provided on the end faces of the insulating material in the form of a plate or in the form of a hose.
  • Examples 1 to 4 below use samples of insulating material in the form of plates.
  • the plates are arranged at a distance of 30 cm from a radiant heater with a power of 455 W, whose radiation area of 16 cm 2 is arranged parallel to the opposite plate surface.
  • An external flame with a predetermined flame pattern is assigned to the insulating material sample in such a way that gases generated by the heating of the sample clearly change the flame pattern, for example in the form of a flare.
  • the insulation material sample consists of a 25 mm thick, uncoated plate made of expanded acrylonitrile butadene rubber with a density of 50 kg / m 3 .
  • the surface facing the radiant heater begins very much decompose quickly. Due to the gas formation, the external flame already flares up after 10 s of irradiation time.
  • the insulating material sample is bonded on one side over the entire surface with a glass fiber fleece, which has a thickness between 0.2 and 0.4 mm and covers 95% of the surface of the plate due to its non-closed surface.
  • a glass fiber fleece which has a thickness between 0.2 and 0.4 mm and covers 95% of the surface of the plate due to its non-closed surface.
  • Example 2 In the insulating material sample of Example 2, a 0.15 mm thick aluminum foil is adhered to the glass fiber fleece. The external flame burns unchanged even after an exposure time of five minutes. So there is no gas formation until then.
  • Example 2 In the insulating material sample of Example 2, a 0.15 mm thick film made of polyvinyl chloride is adhered to the glass fiber fleece. After five minutes of irradiation, there is a brief flare up of the external flame at intervals of seconds, which can be interpreted as meaning that no permanent decomposition has set in yet.
  • the protective layer made of glass fiber fleece and aluminum foil according to Example 3 or of glass fiber fleece and polyvinyl foil according to Example 4 prevents decomposition or burning of the expanded acrylonitrile-butadene rubber during an unpredictably surprisingly long period of time which expanded Rubber with the protective layer thus has a very high flame resistance and is given increased strength by the protective layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating material in the form of plates or tubes, comprising a layer of expanded rubber (11). The main surface (12) of said layer is the surface which comes into contact with an object to be insulated, and a protective layer is adhesively connected (16) to the opposite main surface (13) of said layer. In order to increase the flame resistance, said protective layer consists of a mat-shaped glass fibre material (14) which is externally coated by a metal or a polymer (15).

Description

PLATTEN- ODER SCHLAUCHFÖRMIGES ISOLIERMATERIAL PLATE OR TUBULAR INSULATION MATERIAL
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Isoliermaterial in Form von Platten oder Schläuchen mit einer Schicht aus expandiertem Kautschuk, deren eine Hauptfläche die Kontaktfläche mit einem zu isolierenden Gegenstand ist und mit deren gegenüberliegender Haupt- fläche eine äußere Schutzschicht haftend verbunden ist.The invention relates to an insulating material in the form of plates or tubes with a layer of expanded rubber, one main surface of which is the contact surface with an object to be insulated and an outer protective layer is adhesively bonded to the opposite main surface.
Aus der DE 29 43 123 AI sind Halbschalen zur Isolierung von Rohren bekannt, die auf dem zu isolierenden Rohr unter Bildung eines dieses umschließenden zylindrischen Körpers angeordnet und längs ihrer Berührungsflächen miteinander verbunden werden. Die Halbschalen können aus einem elastischen Material bestehen und mit einer aufgedampf en Metallschicht überzogen sein. Auf der Innenseite der Halbschalen können Rippen in Längsrichtung oder spiralförmig oder radial verlaufend oder anders gestaltete Erhebungen vorgesehen sein, die aus einem elastischen Material bestehen können.From DE 29 43 123 AI half shells for the insulation of pipes are known, which are arranged on the pipe to be insulated to form a cylindrical body enclosing this and connected to each other along their contact surfaces. The half-shells can consist of an elastic material and can be coated with a vapor-deposited metal layer. On the inside of the half-shells, ribs can be provided in the longitudinal direction or in the form of a spiral or radially extending or other projections that can be made of an elastic material.
Aus der EP 0 220 651 Bl ist eine drei Schichten aufweisende Platte bekannt, bei der eine geschlossenzellige Polyurethanschaumplatte mit einer Dichte von 40 bis 120 kg/m3 auf beiden Seiten mit Hilfe eines Kontaktklebers auf Polychloroprengummi - basis mit einem emaillierten Metallblech verbunden ist.EP 0 220 651 B1 discloses a three-layer plate in which a closed-cell polyurethane foam plate with a density of 40 to 120 kg / m 3 is connected on both sides to an enamelled metal sheet with the aid of a contact adhesive based on polychloroprene rubber.
Nach dem DE 94 04 719 Ul werden zur Umschließung von Stromkabeln in der Erde Halbschalen aus Kunststoff verwendet, in denen zur Verstärkung Glasfasern in Form von Geweben, Gewirken, Gestricken oder Matten eingebettet sind. Innerhalb der Halbschalen können als Abstandshalter Längsleisten aus Moosgummi eingeklebt sein. Die EP 0 118 013 Bl offenbart einen Schichtkörper aus einem Schaumstoff, u. a. auch aus Gummi, Polyurethan oder Polyvinylchlorid, in den Glasfasern in Form von zu seiner Oberseite und seiner Unterseite parallelen Schichten eingebettet sind. Der Schichtkörper ist beidseitig mit einem flammhemmenden Deckblatt in Form einer Aluminiumfolie abgedeckt, die durch eine ebenfalls flammhemmende KlebstoffSchicht haftend befestigt ist. Der Schichtkörper ist so ausgebildet, daß das von den Glasfaserschichten gebildete Netzwerk durch den Klebstoff auch haftend mit der Aluminiumfolie verbunden ist.According to DE 94 04 719 Ul, half-shells made of plastic are used to enclose power cables in the ground, in which glass fibers in the form of woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or mats are embedded for reinforcement. Longitudinal strips made of foam rubber can be glued into the half-shells as spacers. EP 0 118 013 B1 discloses a laminate made of a foam, including rubber, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride, in which glass fibers are embedded in the form of layers parallel to its top and bottom. The laminate is covered on both sides with a flame-retardant cover sheet in the form of an aluminum foil, which is also adhered by a flame-retardant adhesive layer. The laminated body is designed such that the network formed by the glass fiber layers is also adhesively bonded to the aluminum foil.
Zur Erhöhung des Flammwiderstands ist ferner bekannt, in Schaumstoffmischungen neben den notwendigen Flammschutzmitteln zusätzliche, insbesondere halogenhaltige Flammschutzmittel einzubringen. Diese zusätzlichen Flammschutzmittel können im Brandfall zur Freisetzung von toxischen Gasen führen.To increase the flame resistance, it is also known to introduce additional, in particular halogen-containing, flame retardants in foam mixtures in addition to the necessary flame retardants. These additional flame retardants can lead to the release of toxic gases in the event of a fire.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht darin, das Isoliermaterial der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß bei Erhöhung seiner mechanischen Festigkeit ohne Zugabe von zusätzlichen Flammschutzmitteln ein verbesserter Flammwiderstand bzw. bei gleicher Flammschutzklassifizierung eine Verringerung der notwendigen Flammschutzmittel erreicht wird.The object on which the invention is based is to design the insulating material of the type mentioned at the outset such that, if its mechanical strength is increased without the addition of additional flame retardants, an improved flame resistance or, with the same flame protection classification, a reduction in the necessary flame retardants is achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von dem Isoliermaterial der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Schutzschicht aus einem mattenförmigen Glasfasermaterial besteht, das außenseitig mit einem Metall oder einem Polymer beschichtet ist.This object is achieved on the basis of the insulating material of the type described in the introduction in that the protective layer consists of a mat-shaped glass fiber material which is coated on the outside with a metal or a polymer.
Wenn die Beschichtung ein Metall ist, besteht sie vorteilhafterweise aus Aluminium oder Kupfer. Ist sie ein Polymer, wird sie zweckmäßigerweise von einem Polyurethan, Polyvinylacetat , Polyvinylchlorid oder einer anorganischen oder organischen Siliziumverbindung, wie Silikonkautschuk gebildet. Die Dicke der Beschichtung liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,05 bis 1 mm. Die Beschichtung kann durch Aufkleben einer Folie oder, wenn sie besonders dünn sein soll, durch Aufstäubung oder Aufdampfen erzeugt werden. Beim Aufkleben wird zweckmäßigerweise ein flammhemmend ausgerüsteter Kleber verwendet.If the coating is a metal, it advantageously consists of aluminum or copper. If it is a polymer, it is expediently formed by a polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride or an inorganic or organic silicon compound, such as silicone rubber. The thickness of the coating is preferably between 0.05 to 1 mm. The coating can be produced by gluing on a film or, if it is to be particularly thin, by sputtering or vapor deposition. When gluing, a flame-retardant adhesive is expediently used.
Als mattenförmiges Glasfasermaterial eignet sich zweckmäßigerweise ein Glasfaservlies.A glass fiber fleece is expediently suitable as the mat-shaped glass fiber material.
Wenn die Platten oder Schläuche an Stößen miteinander verbunden werden sollen, können an den jeweiligen Seiten Überlappungen vorgesehen werden, wobei bei an einer Verbindungsstelle aus Montagegründen parallel aufgeschnittenen Schläuchen im Bereich des Schnitts sich die Schutzschicht auch über einen Umfangsabschnitt überlappend hinaus erstrecken kann.If the plates or hoses are to be connected to one another at joints, overlaps can be provided on the respective sides, the protective layer also being able to extend overlapping a circumferential section in the region of the cut in the case of hoses cut parallel at a connection point for assembly reasons.
Die Schutzschicht und die Schicht aus expandiertem Kautschuk werden vorzugsweise mittels eines auf das Glasfasermaterial aufgetragenen Klebers verbunden, der flammhemmend ausgerüstet ist. Die Verbindung der Schutzschicht mit den Schläuchen aus expandiertem Kautschuk kann bei der Montage auch vor Ort hergestellt werden. Der Kleber kann vollflächig oder strukturiert aufgetragen werden.The protective layer and the layer of expanded rubber are preferably connected by means of an adhesive applied to the glass fiber material, which is provided with a flame-retardant finish. The connection of the protective layer with the hoses made of expanded rubber can also be made on site during assembly. The adhesive can be applied over the entire surface or in a structured manner.
Der expandierte Kautschuk besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus Acryl- nitril-Butaden-Kautschuk (NBR) , aus Ethylen-Propylen-Dien- Kautschuk (EPDM) , aus Cloroprenkautschuk (CR, CSM) , aus Silikonkautschuken oder aus Mischungen von Acrylnitril-Butaden- Kautschuk mit Polyvinylchlorid.The expanded rubber suitably consists of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), of chloroprene rubber (CR, CSM), of silicone rubbers or of mixtures of acrylonitrile butadene rubber with polyvinyl chloride ,
Aufgrund der außenseitig mit Metall oder Polymer beschichteten Glasfasermaterialschicht erreicht das Isoliermaterial ohne Verwendung halogenhaltiger Flammschutzmittel, die im Brandfall zur Erzeugung toxischer Gase führen würden, überraschend hohe Werte für die Brandschutzklasse bei gleichzeitig deutlich verbesserter mechanischer Festigkeit. Dabei werden die übli- chen Wärmedämmeigenschaften beibehalten. Bei gleicher Brandschutzklasse kann verglichen mit herkömmlichen Isoliermaterialien ein billigerer Kautschuk oder eine reduzierte Menge der chemischen Flammschutzmittel eingesetzt werden.Due to the glass fiber material layer coated on the outside with metal or polymer, the insulating material achieves surprisingly high values for the fire protection class with at the same time significantly improved mechanical strength without the use of halogen-containing flame retardants, which would lead to the generation of toxic gases in the event of fire. The usual Chen maintain thermal insulation properties. With the same fire protection class, cheaper rubber or a reduced amount of chemical flame retardants can be used compared to conventional insulation materials.
Wenn ein Isoliermaterial nach dem Stand der Technik, bestehend aus einer Schicht aus expandiertem Kautschuk, die auf einer Seite mit einer Schutzschicht, beispielsweise in Form einer Aluminiumfolie, mittels eines flammhemmenden Klebers haftend verbunden ist, auf der Seite der Aluminiumfolie unter vorgegebenen Versuchsbedingungen einer offenen Flamme oder einer starken Hitzequelle ausgesetzt wird, wird zwar ein hoher Strahlungsanteil der Wärme von dem Aluminium reflektiert, aufgrund der hohen Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Aluminiums wirkt jedoch die Wärme nur vom flammhemmenden Kleber gebremst sehr schnell auf den Kautschuk ein, dessen Temperatur sofort ansteigt, so daß er sich zunächst zu zersetzen und anschließend zu entflammen beginnt. Nach dem jeweiligen nationalen Flammtest erhält dann das Isoliermaterial in Frankreich die Brandklassifikation M2, in Deutschland die Brandklassifikation B2 und in England die Brandklassifikation Class 1 (BS 476: Part 7) .If an insulating material according to the prior art, consisting of a layer of expanded rubber which is adhesively bonded on one side to a protective layer, for example in the form of an aluminum foil, by means of a flame-retardant adhesive, on the side of the aluminum foil under predetermined test conditions of an open flame or exposed to a strong heat source, a high proportion of the heat is reflected by the aluminum, but due to the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum, the heat is only very quickly acted on by the flame-retardant adhesive, which acts on the rubber, the temperature of which increases immediately, so that it increases begins to decompose and then catch fire. After the respective national flame test, the insulating material is then classified in France as M2, in Germany as B2 and in England as Class 1 (BS 476: Part 7).
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Isoliermaterial, das eine Schutzschicht aufweist, die aus einem mattenförmigen Glasfasermaterial besteht, das außenseitig mit einem Metall oder einem Polymer beschichtet ist und mit einem flammhemmenden Kleber mit dem expandierten Kautschuk verbunden ist, sorgt das Glas- fasermaterial bei den für die Brandklassifizierung vorgeschriebenen Versuchsbedingungen dafür, daß der Wärmeübergang auf den Kautschuk überraschend lang verzögert wird, so daß sich sowohl der Zeitpunkt der Freisetzung von brennbaren Gasen als auch der Zeitpunkt des Entflammens verzögern läßt, wodurch das erfindungsgmäße Isoliermaterial bei den Brandtests die Feuerschutzklasse Ml bzw. Bl bzw. Class 0 erreicht. In the case of the insulating material according to the invention, which has a protective layer which consists of a mat-shaped glass fiber material, which is coated on the outside with a metal or a polymer and which is connected to the expanded rubber with a flame-retardant adhesive, the glass fiber material ensures that those prescribed for the fire classification Test conditions for the fact that the heat transfer to the rubber is delayed for a surprisingly long time, so that both the time of the release of flammable gases and the time of ignition can be delayed, so that the insulating material according to the invention during the fire tests has the fire protection class Ml or Bl or Class 0 reached.
einem Polymer versehen ist. Die Schutzschicht erstreckt sich über die gesamte Umfangsflache . Für die Montage hat der Schlauch eine Einschnittsfläche 17, die sich von innen nach außen zu einer radialen Ebene geneigt erstreckt.is provided with a polymer. The protective layer extends over the entire circumferential surface. For the assembly, the hose has an incision surface 17 that extends inclined from the inside to the outside to a radial plane.
Wenn bei einer Montage vor Ort die Schicht 11 aus expandiertem Kautschuk um ein nicht gezeigtes Rohr herum gelegt ist und der Einschnitt 17 dieser Schicht beispielsweise durch Verkleben geschlossen ist, wird auf der äußeren Umfangsflache der Schicht 11 die Schutzschicht mittels des Klebstoffs 16 haftend befestigt, wobei die Schutzschicht sich im Bereich des Einschnitts 17 über einen Teil des Umfangs überlappen kann, der beispielsweise ein Drittel bis ein Viertel des Gesamtumfangs betragen kann.If, during assembly on site, the layer 11 of expanded rubber is placed around a pipe (not shown) and the cut 17 of this layer is closed, for example by gluing, the protective layer is adhesively attached to the outer circumferential surface of the layer 11 by means of the adhesive 16, whereby the protective layer can overlap in the area of the incision 17 over a part of the circumference, which can be, for example, a third to a quarter of the total circumference.
An den Stirnseiten des Isoliermaterials in Form einer Platte oder in Form eines Schlauchs können entsprechende Überlappungen der Schutzschicht vorgesehen werden.Corresponding overlaps of the protective layer can be provided on the end faces of the insulating material in the form of a plate or in the form of a hose.
Bei den nachstehenden Beispielen 1 bis 4 werden Isoliermaterialproben in Form von Platten verwendet. Die Platten werden in einem Abstand von 30 cm gegenüber einem Heizstrahler mit einer Leistung von 455 W angeordnet, dessen Abstrahlfläche von 16 cm2 parallel zur gegenüberliegenden Plattenoberfläche angeordnet ist. Der Isoliermaterialprobe ist eine externe Flamme mit vorgegebenem Flammenbild so zugeordnet, daß durch die Erhitzung der Probe entstehende Gase das Flammenbild deutlich erkennbar ändern, beispielsweise in Form eines Aufflammens.Examples 1 to 4 below use samples of insulating material in the form of plates. The plates are arranged at a distance of 30 cm from a radiant heater with a power of 455 W, whose radiation area of 16 cm 2 is arranged parallel to the opposite plate surface. An external flame with a predetermined flame pattern is assigned to the insulating material sample in such a way that gases generated by the heating of the sample clearly change the flame pattern, for example in the form of a flare.
Beispiel 1example 1
Die Isoliermaterialprobe besteht aus einer 25 mm dicken unbeschichteten Platte aus expandiertem Acrylnitril-Butaden-Kau- tschuk mit einer Dichte von 50 kg/m3.The insulation material sample consists of a 25 mm thick, uncoated plate made of expanded acrylonitrile butadene rubber with a density of 50 kg / m 3 .
Die dem Heizstrahler zugewandte Oberfläche beginnt sich sehr schnell zu zersetzen. Durch die Gasbildung flammt die externe Flamme bereits nach 10 s Bestrahlungszeit auf.The surface facing the radiant heater begins very much decompose quickly. Due to the gas formation, the external flame already flares up after 10 s of irradiation time.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Die Isoliermaterialprobe ist auf seiner einen Seite über der ganzen Fläche mit einem Glasfaservlies haftend verbunden, das eine Dicke zwischen 0,2 und 0,4 mm hat und aufgrund seiner nicht geschlossenen Fläche die Oberfläche der Platte zu 95% abdeckt . Eine durch das Aufflammen der externen Flamme erkennbare Entzündung sich bildender Gase stellt sich nach einer Bestrahlungszeit von 40 s ein.The insulating material sample is bonded on one side over the entire surface with a glass fiber fleece, which has a thickness between 0.2 and 0.4 mm and covers 95% of the surface of the plate due to its non-closed surface. An inflammation of gases that can be recognized by the flaming of the external flame sets in after an irradiation time of 40 s.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Bei der Isoliermaterialprobe von Beispiel 2 ist auf das Glasfaservlies eine 0,15 mm dicke Aluminiumfolie haftend aufgebracht . Die externe Flamme brennt auch nach einer Bestrahlungszeit von fünf Minuten unverändert. Eine Gasbildung findet bis dahin also nicht statt.In the insulating material sample of Example 2, a 0.15 mm thick aluminum foil is adhered to the glass fiber fleece. The external flame burns unchanged even after an exposure time of five minutes. So there is no gas formation until then.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Bei der Isoliermaterialprobe von Beispiel 2 ist auf das Glasfaservlies eine 0,15 mm dicke Folie aus Polyvinylchlorid haftend aufgebracht. Nach fünf Minuten Bestrahlunszeit kommt es in Sekundenabständen jeweils zu einem kurzen Aufflammen der externen Flamme, was so zu interpretieren ist, daß noch keine permanente Zersetzung eingesetzt hat.In the insulating material sample of Example 2, a 0.15 mm thick film made of polyvinyl chloride is adhered to the glass fiber fleece. After five minutes of irradiation, there is a brief flare up of the external flame at intervals of seconds, which can be interpreted as meaning that no permanent decomposition has set in yet.
Die vorstehenden Beispiele zeigen, daß durch die Schutzschicht aus Glasfaservlies und Aluminiumfolie gemäß Beispiel 3 oder aus Glasfaservlies und Polyvinylfolie gemäß Beispiel 4 eine Zersetzung bzw. ein Verbrennen des expandierten Acrylnitril- Butaden-Kautschuks während eines nicht vorhersehbar überraschend langen Zeitraums unterbunden wird, der expandierte Kautschuk mit der Schutzschicht somit einen sehr hohen Flammwiderstand hat und durch die Schutzschicht eine erhöhte Festigkeit erhält. The above examples show that the protective layer made of glass fiber fleece and aluminum foil according to Example 3 or of glass fiber fleece and polyvinyl foil according to Example 4 prevents decomposition or burning of the expanded acrylonitrile-butadene rubber during an unpredictably surprisingly long period of time which expanded Rubber with the protective layer thus has a very high flame resistance and is given increased strength by the protective layer.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Isoliermaterial in Form von Platten oder Schläuchen mit einer Schicht aus expandiertem Kautschuk (11) , deren eine Hauptfläche die Kontaktfläche (12) mit einem zu isolierenden Gegenstand ist und mit deren gegenüberliegenden Hauptfläche (13) eine äußere Schutzschicht haftend (16) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzschicht aus einem mattenförmigen Glasfasermaterial (14) besteht, das außenseitig mit einem Metall oder einem Polymer beschichtet (15) ist.1. Insulating material in the form of plates or tubes with a layer of expanded rubber (11), one main surface of which is the contact surface (12) with an object to be insulated and with the opposite main surface (13) of which an outer protective layer is adhesively bonded (16) , characterized in that the protective layer consists of a mat-shaped glass fiber material (14) which is coated on the outside with a metal or a polymer (15).
2. Isoliermaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metall der Beschichtung (15) aus Aluminium oder Kupfer besteht.2. Insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal of the coating (15) consists of aluminum or copper.
3. Isoliermaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Polymer der Beschichtung (15) Polyurethan, Polyvi- nylacetat, Polyvinylchlorid oder eine anorganische oder organische Siliziumverbindung ist.3. Insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer of the coating (15) is polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride or an inorganic or organic silicon compound.
4. Isoliermaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Beschichtung4. Insulating material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the coating
(15) 0,05 bis 1 mm beträgt.(15) is 0.05 to 1 mm.
5. Isoliermaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mattenförmige Glasfasermaterial (14) ein Glasfaservlies ist.5. Insulating material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mat-shaped glass fiber material (14) is a glass fiber fleece.
6. Isoliermaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzschicht über zwei gegenüberliegende Seiten der Platte bzw. über die Stirnseiten des Schlauchs bzw. über einen Montageeinschnitt (17) in Umfangsrichtung des Schlauchs zur Überlappung vorsteht .6. Insulating material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective layer over two opposite sides of the plate or over the end faces of the hose or via an installation incision (17) protrudes in the circumferential direction of the hose to overlap.
Isoliermaterial nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für Schläuche die haftende Verbindung zwischen Glasfasermaterial (14) und expandiertem Kautschuk (11) vor Ort herstellbar ist. Insulating material according to claim 6, characterized in that the adhesive connection between the glass fiber material (14) and the expanded rubber (11) can be produced on site for hoses.
EP01940433A 2001-03-23 2001-05-09 Plate-shaped or tubular insulating material Withdrawn EP1370795A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20105083U DE20105083U1 (en) 2001-03-23 2001-03-23 Insulating material in the form of plates or tubes
DE20105083U 2001-03-23
PCT/EP2001/005292 WO2002077514A1 (en) 2001-03-23 2001-05-09 Plate-shaped or tubular insulating material

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EP1370795A1 true EP1370795A1 (en) 2003-12-17

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US (1) US20040161562A1 (en)
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CN (1) CN1494643A (en)
DE (1) DE20105083U1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2002077514A1 (en)

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WO2002077514A1 (en) 2002-10-03
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US20040161562A1 (en) 2004-08-19
DE20105083U1 (en) 2001-08-02
CN1494643A (en) 2004-05-05

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