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EP1353767A1 - Method for making integrated circuit aluminium panels - Google Patents

Method for making integrated circuit aluminium panels

Info

Publication number
EP1353767A1
EP1353767A1 EP01270391A EP01270391A EP1353767A1 EP 1353767 A1 EP1353767 A1 EP 1353767A1 EP 01270391 A EP01270391 A EP 01270391A EP 01270391 A EP01270391 A EP 01270391A EP 1353767 A1 EP1353767 A1 EP 1353767A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
strip
strips
type
composite strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01270391A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1353767B1 (en
Inventor
Yves Doremus
Laurent Poizat
Hayat Elghazal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Constellium Issoire SAS
Original Assignee
Pechiney Rhenalu SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pechiney Rhenalu SAS filed Critical Pechiney Rhenalu SAS
Priority to SI200130166T priority Critical patent/SI1353767T1/en
Priority to EP03024826A priority patent/EP1398096A1/en
Publication of EP1353767A1 publication Critical patent/EP1353767A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1353767B1 publication Critical patent/EP1353767B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/04—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/04—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal
    • B21D53/045—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal by inflating partially united plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing aluminum panels with an integrated circuit, generally known under the name of roll-bond, of the biface type with two deformed faces or of the monoface type or OSF (one side flat) with a flat face and a distorted face.
  • These panels are made from two sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy, one of which is coated, on the areas intended to become the integrated circuit, with an ink intended to prevent welding between the two sheets.
  • the two sheets are then welded by co-laminating.
  • the non-welded areas are then inflated hydraulically or pneumatically to form a circuit, the essential part of which is used as a heat exchanger, and in particular as a cooling circuit for household refrigerators.
  • Patent FR 2561368 (Cegedur Pechiney) discloses a continuous manufacturing process for single-sided roll-bond panels from two sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • European patent EP 0 703 427 Showa Aluminum proposes a process which aims to reduce the number of defects during inflation (rupture of channels or local absence of deformation).
  • the existing production lines do not allow the manufacture of panels, and in particular single-sided panels, with strong mechanical characteristics. Furthermore, it is desirable to guarantee that the panels formed, before inflation, are free from unacceptable defects.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a continuous manufacturing process for roll-bond panels, which is suitable for the manufacture of single-sided panels with strong mechanical characteristics and which allows, both for single-sided and type panels two-sided, early detection of faulty panels.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing aluminum single-sided integrated circuit panels comprising the surface preparation of two sheets of aluminum alloy, the deposition on one of the sheets of an anti-welding ink in areas reserved corresponding to the design of the circuit, the bonding by rolling of the sheets one on the other, and the expansion of the channels corresponding to the areas not welded using a pressurized fluid, in which one of the sheets is an alloy of the 1000 series and the other an alloy containing iron and manganese and such that Fe + Mn> 0.8% (by weight), and preferably> 1, even 1.5%.
  • the alloy with iron and manganese is preferably obtained by continuous casting of strips between two cooled cylinders.
  • the subject of the invention is also a continuous process for manufacturing integrated circuit panels of aluminum alloy comprising the following steps:
  • the single figure represents, as a function of the annealing temperature, the recrystallized fraction for sheets of alloys 1050, 3003, 8040 and 8006 from continuous casting.
  • alloys 1050 and 8040 accordinging to the designation of the Aluminum Association.
  • the Applicant has noted during its tests that it is preferable to use for the planar face an alloy strip containing iron and manganese and such that Fe + Mn> 0.8% (by weight), and preferably> 1%, or even> 1.5%.
  • An example of an alloy of this type is alloy 8006, the composition of which is registered with the Aluminum Association as follows (% by weight):
  • the strip of iron and manganese alloy is produced from preferably by continuous casting of strips, and in particular by continuous casting between two cooled cylinders, for example by a Jumbo 3C TM machine from Pechiney Aluminum Engineering. It is known that the alloys containing manganese and / or iron obtained by continuous casting have, after a cold rolling range carried out directly after casting, that is to say without homogenization of the cast strip, a fine-grain microstructure. giving a stronger recrystallization resistance than the same alloys obtained from rolling plates. The microstructural characteristics of such bands obtained by continuous casting have been described in the literature, in particular in the articles by M. Slâmovâ et al: “Differences in
  • strip A will denote the strip of aluminum or aluminum alloy to which the anti-welding ink is applied
  • strip B the strip of aluminum or aluminum alloy which is applied to strip A
  • composite strip the strip formed from strips A and B
  • panels the panels formed by cutting the composite strip.
  • the continuous process according to the invention comprises the following stages:
  • the strips A and B can be fed by two unwinders.
  • each of the two unwinders is provided with a mobile splicing device, making it possible to change each of the bands A and B without interrupting the running of the bands in the production line.
  • the application of the anti-welding ink on the strip A can be carried out by screen printing techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • the quality control of this screen printing can be done by a qualified operator.
  • the quality of this application is preferably controlled by an automatic industrial vision device capable of detecting unacceptable defects and of locating the position of the defective circuits on the tape A. This device acquires the image printed and compare it to a reference deemed perfect. This system then makes it possible to eliminate, before inflating the circuits, the panels on which a crippling fault has been detected.
  • the preheating oven any continuous oven known to those skilled in the art can be used, for example a direct flame oven.
  • this oven allows the regulation of the temperature so as to keep the temperature constant over the entire width of the bands A and B in a range between ⁇ 10 ° C maximum, preferably between ⁇ 7 ° C, and even more preferably in a range between ⁇ 5 ° C.
  • strip B on strip A can be done in a traditional rolling mill and preferably in a quarto rolling mill.
  • the two cylinders which come into contact with the strip are brushed during rolling.
  • the brushing device disclosed in French patent FR 2568495 is suitable for this purpose.
  • any continuous oven known to a person skilled in the art can be used.
  • this oven allows the temperature to be regulated so as to keep the temperature constant over the entire width of the strip in a range between ⁇ 10 ° C, preferably between ⁇ 7 ° C, and even more preferably in an interval between ⁇ 5 ° C.
  • the cooling of the composite strip can be done by spraying any refrigerant, liquid or gaseous, and preferably by spraying with water. If it is necessary at this stage to level the composite strip, this leveling can be done for example mechanically by more or less significant overlapping of the strip between two plies of metal rollers.
  • the composite strip can be cut into panels using a fixed shear.
  • the panels whose circuits have been detected as being defective during the control are then eliminated, before transferring the panels whose quality has been judged acceptable in the inflation press. This transfer is advantageously done by loading the panels in an elevator. The panels are then transferred using a robot, for example by a six-axis robot, into the press.
  • the inflation press has several stages, preferably at least four stages, and even more preferably at least eight stages.
  • the circuits are inflated using a pressurized fluid through a needle which is introduced into the inflation channel, between the two faces of each panel.
  • the panels in the press can be inflated one after the other or, preferably, simultaneously.
  • this press is of a construction such that it allows the inflation of single-sided panels, that is to say of panels comprising circuits inflated on one side only, the other side being flat, and of two-sided panels, that is to say of panels comprising circuits inflated on both sides.
  • a back pressure is applied to the face opposite the flat face, according to techniques known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in the aforementioned patent FR 2561368.
  • the output of the press panels is advantageously done by a robot, for example a six-axis robot, which unloads the inflated panels from the press towards a descender, which transfers the panels to a stacker making it possible to constitute stacks of panels ready for be packaged for shipment.
  • a robot for example a six-axis robot, which unloads the inflated panels from the press towards a descender, which transfers the panels to a stacker making it possible to constitute stacks of panels ready for be packaged for shipment.
  • centering of the strips A and B and of the composite strip is carried out. For example, centering before the strip enters the rolling mill right-of-way is useful.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the invention as described above can advantageously be applied to the manufacture of all roll-bond panels for existing refrigerating appliances or for other heat exchange or transfer transfer applications.
  • Type A strip means the strip (s) of aluminum or aluminum alloy on which (or which) is applied the anti-welding ink.
  • type B strip is understood to mean the strip or strips of aluminum or aluminum alloy which will be applied to the strip or strips of type A, and which do not include screen printing.
  • a roll-bond panel made up of three superposed strips comprising two superposed circuits is made up of two type A strips and a type B strip.
  • composite strip means the strip formed from type A and type B strips, and by "panels" the panels formed by cutting the composite strip.
  • the continuous process according to the invention then comprises the following steps: (a) supplying the production line with two type A bands and one type
  • the chain is supplied by a mobile splicing device making it possible to change each of the bands A and B without interrupting the running of the bands in the production chain.
  • This trolley is equipped with mobile welders without the addition of metal making it possible to make the connection between the strips from two metal coils.
  • the stripping of strips A and B is done by a motorized roller stripper.
  • the surfaces A and B intended to come into contact are brushed with motorized metal brushes.
  • the stencil screen printing is done in a closed enclosure under pressure, to minimize dust deposits and the appearance of defects on the tape.
  • Screens with canvas structure and thread density adjusted for printing desired are used; the screen printing is carried out by techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • the supply of non-stick ink on the canvas is automatic and allows a good uniformity of the quantity of ink.
  • the change of screens during the change of series is done without stopping the line and is semi-automated. After screen printing, an additional ink stain is added to strip A at the end of the patterns; said spot serves as marking when cutting the composite strip into panels.
  • the quality of screen printing is controlled by an industrial vision device, fitted with line cameras. All the patterns are acquired, processed and compared to a reference model image. This device makes it possible to check the functional dimensions of the patterns and to identify all the defects (such as superfluous stains, lack of ink or edges with imprecise definition). The position of the defective patterns is identified by the control computer to allow the panels containing these defective patterns to be removed before the inflation step.
  • the preheating oven is a pass-through gas oven. It is composed of two parts allowing to heat successively the band B and the band A. Its power is
  • the temperature of the strip in the oven is typically of the order of
  • the oven has three heating zones twice. The temperature is kept constant by a regulation system at ⁇ 7 ° C.
  • the rolling mill used is a quarto rolling mill enabling rolling forces of around 1400 tonnes to be achieved, with the possibility of variable balancing.
  • the annealing furnace is a 1220 kW pass-through gas furnace.
  • the temperature of the composite strip in the furnace is typically of the order of 400 ° C but can range up to 500 ° C, depending on the alloys used.
  • the oven has four heating zones. The temperature is kept constant by a regulation system at ⁇ 7 ° C.
  • the leveling of the composite strip is done by a leveler comprising 17 rolls of variable nesting, known to those skilled in the art.
  • An ultrasonic sensor detects the ink stain deposited during the screen printing step and triggers the cutting of the composite strip into panels by a flying shears.
  • the panels feed an elevator and are loaded in batches of eight into the inflation press using the six-axis robot.
  • the inflation press is a 2,500-ton hydraulic press allowing the panels to be inflated simultaneously on all stages. Scheduled cycles allow online inflation of both sided and single sided panels. For single-sided panels, a back pressure is applied on all stages in addition to the inflation pressure. The inflation cycles are controlled by a computer.
  • the press is equipped with leak detection devices during inflation and allows the elimination of the defective panels thus identified.
  • the panels whose channels have been inflated are unloaded from the press by a second six-axis robot on a descender.
  • the process parameters are adjusted according to the running speed measured at several points on the line.
  • the speed of bands A and B can reach 15m / min.
  • the speed of the composite strip can reach 30 m / min, for a rolling ratio of 2.
  • the different line settings are managed automatically from a product database.
  • the width of the strips used can reach 700 mm.
  • the casting thickness was 7 mm, and the casting strip was cold rolled to 1.2 mm, then subjected to a 2 hour restorative annealing at 220 ° C.
  • Strip B is made of 1050 alloy, with a thickness of 1.26 mm, obtained by hot rolling then cold rolling of rolling plates. At the outlet of the preheating oven, the temperature of strip A was 480 ° C, and that of strip B was 380 ° C. The rolling ratio applied was 2. The composite strip was then annealed in the annealing furnace at various temperatures mentioned in Table 1. Table V also shows the Vickers hardness of the two faces after annealing.
  • an annealing temperature of 400 ° C represents the best compromise between the requirement of flatness and surface appearance of the flat face (favored by high hardness on the side of the strip A) and the 'requirement of sufficient formability of the panel to allow inflation of the channels without rupture (favored by a low hardness on the side of the strip B).
  • the hardness of the panel on the side of the strip A is greater than 40 Vickers, and preferably greater than 43 Vickers or even 45 Vickers.
  • Band A is made of 8040 alloy made from rolling plates.
  • the thickness of strip A is 1.26 mm, and it has been subjected to a 10-hour restorative annealing at 250 ° C.
  • Strip B is made of 1050 alloy, with a thickness of 1.26 mm, obtained by hot rolling then cold rolling of rolling plates. At the outlet of the preheating oven, the temperature of strip A was 480 ° C, and that of strip B was 380 ° C. The rolling ratio applied was 2. The strip composite was then annealed in the annealing oven at respective temperatures of 400 and 440 ° C. The hardnesses of the two faces after annealing are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 2 It is found that lower hardnesses are obtained on the side of the strip A than in Example 2 for equivalent conditions. It is not possible to reduce the annealing temperature significantly to increase the hardness of the composite strip on the A side, because the recrystallization of 1050, which gives it suitable formability in the inflation press, requires under the conditions of method according to example 1 a temperature of at least 370 to 380 ° C.
  • a laboratory test was carried out to verify that the strips of alloy 8006 obtained by continuous casting have a higher resistance to recrystallization than the other strips usually used for the manufacture of single-sided roll-bond panels. It is known that the hardness of the recrystallized bands is lower than that of the non-recrystallized bands; knowing that sufficient hardness is required to be able to use a strip as the flat face of a single-sided roll-bond panel, this test therefore makes it possible to pre-select the strips which can be used for this use.
  • Alloy 8006 was prepared by continuous casting without homogenization. The reduction during cold rolling was 2. The sheets were then annealed in salt bath ovens for 15 s at variable temperatures between 380 and 440 ° C, and then determined the recrystallized fraction by an observation technique metallographic known to those skilled in the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Insulated Metal Substrates For Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Design And Manufacture Of Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for making one side flat aluminium integrated circuit panels which consists in preparing the surface of two sheets made of aluminium alloy, depositing on one of the sheets an anti-weld ink in reserved zones corresponding to the circuit design, roll-bonding the sheets one on the other, and expanding the channels corresponding to the non-welded zones with a pressurised fluid, wherein one of the sheets is made of series 1000 alloy and the other made of an alloy of iron and manganese and such that Fe + Mn > 0.8 wt. %, and preferably > 1, even 1.5 %. The iron and manganese alloy is preferably obtained by continuous casting of strips between two cooled rolls. The invention also concerns a continuous method for making aluminium alloy integrated circuit panels.

Description

Procédé de fabrication de panneaux en aluminium à circuit intégré Process for manufacturing integrated circuit aluminum panels
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de panneaux en aluminium à circuit intégré, généralement connu sous le nom de roll-bond, de type biface à deux faces déformées ou de type monoface ou OSF (one side flat) à une face plane et une face déformée. Ces panneaux sont réalisés à partir de deux tôles en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium, dont l'une est enduite, sur les zones destinées à devenir le circuit intégré, d'une encre destinée à empêcher la soudure entre les deux tôles. Les deux tôles sont ensuite soudées par colaminage. Les zones non soudées sont alors gonflées par voie hydraulique ou pneumatique pour former un circuit dont la partie essentielle est utilisée comme échangeur de chaleur, et notamment comme circuit de refroidissement des réfrigérateurs ménagers.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing aluminum panels with an integrated circuit, generally known under the name of roll-bond, of the biface type with two deformed faces or of the monoface type or OSF (one side flat) with a flat face and a distorted face. These panels are made from two sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy, one of which is coated, on the areas intended to become the integrated circuit, with an ink intended to prevent welding between the two sheets. The two sheets are then welded by co-laminating. The non-welded areas are then inflated hydraulically or pneumatically to form a circuit, the essential part of which is used as a heat exchanger, and in particular as a cooling circuit for household refrigerators.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
Le livre « L'aluminium », tome 1 « Production — Propriétés - Alliages - Fabrication des demi-produits - Fabrications annexes », paru aux Editions Eyrolles, Paris 1964, pages 718 - 721, et la publication « Panneaux aluminium à circuits intégrés : deux lignes de fabrication complémentaires pour de multiples produits », parue dans la Revue de l'Aluminium, février 1982, décrivent le principe du procédé roll-bond pour la fabrication de panneaux de type bi-face, et divulguent le schéma d'une ligne de fabrication en continu, ainsi que les alliages habituellement utilisés pour la fabrication des panneaux. Dans cette ligne de fabrication en continu, les panneaux sont formés à partir de tôles individuelles (appelées « platines » dans le livre), qui sont transportées manuellement ou par un moyen de convoyage mécanique à travers les différentes machines qui constituent la chaîne de fabrication. Le brevet FR 1347949 (Olin Mathieson) décrit le principe des panneaux à circuit intégré monoface et propose de les réaliser à partir de deux tôles de résistance mécanique différente, l'une en alliage 1100 et l'autre en alliage 1100 avec addition de 0,12% de zirconium.The book "Aluminum", volume 1 "Production - Properties - Alloys - Manufacture of semi-finished products - Additional manufacturing", published by Editions Eyrolles, Paris 1964, pages 718 - 721, and the publication "Aluminum panels with integrated circuits: two complementary production lines for multiple products ”, published in the Aluminum Review, February 1982, describe the principle of the roll-bond process for the manufacture of two-sided type panels, and disclose the diagram of a line continuous manufacturing, as well as the alloys usually used for the manufacture of panels. In this continuous manufacturing line, the panels are formed from individual sheets (called "plates" in the book), which are transported manually or by mechanical conveying means through the various machines that make up the production line. Patent FR 1 347 949 (Olin Mathieson) describes the principle of single-sided integrated circuit panels and proposes to produce them from two resistance sheets different mechanics, one in alloy 1100 and the other in alloy 1100 with the addition of 0.12% zirconium.
Le brevet FR 2561368 (Cegedur Pechiney) divulgue un procédé de fabrication en continu de panneaux roll-bond de type monoface à partir de deux tôles en aluminium ou alliages d'aluminium.Patent FR 2561368 (Cegedur Pechiney) discloses a continuous manufacturing process for single-sided roll-bond panels from two sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
La publication « High Performance Airgap Heat Shields Using Blow-Molded Roll-The publication “High Performance Airgap Heat Shields Using Blow-Molded Roll-
Bond Alu inum Technology » par V.J. Scott et al., parue dans la SAE TechnicalBond Alu inum Technology ”by V.J. Scott et al., Published in SAE Technical
Paper Séries (International Congress & Exposition, Détroit, Michigan, February 28 -Paper Series (International Congress & Exposition, Detroit, Michigan, February 28 -
March 3, 1994), décrit une ligne de fabrication de panneaux roll-bond qui comprend le décambrage et le brossage des deux bandes, l'application du milieu séparateur, le préchauffage et le laminage des bandes pour former une bande composite. Celle-ci est ensuite soumise à un recuit en bobine dans un four statique.March 3, 1994), describes a manufacturing line for roll-bond panels which includes de-bending and brushing the two strips, applying the separating medium, preheating and laminating the strips to form a composite strip. This is then subjected to coil annealing in a static oven.
Ce procédé n'est donc pas un procédé continu. L'utilisation d'un four statique permet un contrôle plus précis des conditions de recuit que les procédés utilisant un four à passage, mais l'interruption que représente le recuit en bobine présente des inconvénients d'ordre économique, diminue le temps de réponse de la chaîne de production par rapport à la demande commerciale, et nécessite une gestion des stocks de produits intermédiaires.This process is therefore not a continuous process. The use of a static oven allows more precise control of annealing conditions than processes using a pass-through oven, but the interruption represented by coil annealing has economic disadvantages, decreases the response time by the production chain in relation to commercial demand, and requires management of stocks of intermediate products.
Un problème particulier dans le procédé roll-bond est la qualité et durabilité des canaux formés. Le brevet européen EP 0 703 427 (Showa Aluminium) propose un procédé qui vise à diminuer le nombre de défauts lors du gonflage (rupture de canaux ou absence locale de déformation).A particular problem in the roll-bond process is the quality and durability of the channels formed. European patent EP 0 703 427 (Showa Aluminum) proposes a process which aims to reduce the number of defects during inflation (rupture of channels or local absence of deformation).
Selon les constatations de la demanderesse, les lignes de fabrication existantes ne permettent pas la fabrication de panneaux, et notamment des panneaux monoface, à fortes caractéristiques mécaniques. Par ailleurs, il est souhaitable de garantir que les panneaux formés, avant gonflage, sont exempts de défauts rédhibitoires.According to the Applicant's observations, the existing production lines do not allow the manufacture of panels, and in particular single-sided panels, with strong mechanical characteristics. Furthermore, it is desirable to guarantee that the panels formed, before inflation, are free from unacceptable defects.
Le but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé de fabrication en continu de panneaux roll-bond, qui soit adapté à la fabrication de panneaux monoface à fortes caractéristiques mécaniques et qui permette, à la fois pour les panneaux de type monoface et de type biface, la détection précoce de panneaux défectueux. Objet de l'inventionThe object of the invention is to provide a continuous manufacturing process for roll-bond panels, which is suitable for the manufacture of single-sided panels with strong mechanical characteristics and which allows, both for single-sided and type panels two-sided, early detection of faulty panels. Subject of the invention
L'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication de panneaux à circuit intégré monoface en aluminium comportant la préparation de surface de deux tôles en alliage d'aluminium, le dépôt sur l'une des tôles d'une encre anti-soudure dans des zones réservées correspondant au dessin du circuit, la liaison par laminage des tôles l'une sur l'autre, et l'expansion des canaux correspondant aux zones non soudées à l'aide d'un fluide sous pression, dans lequel l'une des tôles est en alliage de la série 1000 et l'autre en alliage contenant du fer et du manganèse et tel que Fe + Mn > 0,8% (en poids), et de préférence > 1, voire 1,5%. L'alliage au fer et au manganèse est obtenu de préférence par coulée continue de bandes entre deux cylindres refroidis.The subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing aluminum single-sided integrated circuit panels comprising the surface preparation of two sheets of aluminum alloy, the deposition on one of the sheets of an anti-welding ink in areas reserved corresponding to the design of the circuit, the bonding by rolling of the sheets one on the other, and the expansion of the channels corresponding to the areas not welded using a pressurized fluid, in which one of the sheets is an alloy of the 1000 series and the other an alloy containing iron and manganese and such that Fe + Mn> 0.8% (by weight), and preferably> 1, even 1.5%. The alloy with iron and manganese is preferably obtained by continuous casting of strips between two cooled cylinders.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé continu de fabrication de panneaux à circuit intégré en alliage d'aluminium comportant les étapes suivantes :The subject of the invention is also a continuous process for manufacturing integrated circuit panels of aluminum alloy comprising the following steps:
(a) l'alimentation de la chaîne de fabrication en deux bandes d'alliage d'aluminium A et B,(a) supplying the production line with two strips of aluminum alloy A and B,
(b) optionnellement le décambrage des bandes A et B,(b) optionally descaling of bands A and B,
(c) le brossage des bandes A et B,(c) brushing the strips A and B,
(d) l'application sur la bande A d'une encre anti-soudure,(d) applying an anti-welding ink to the strip A,
(e) optionnellement le contrôle de la qualité de cette application. (f) le préchauffage des bandes A et B,(e) optionally controlling the quality of this application. (f) preheating of bands A and B,
(g) l'application à l'aide d'un laminoir de la bande B sur la surface de la bande A pour obtenir une bande composite, (h) le recuit de la bande composite dans un four, (i) le refroidissement de la bande composite, (j) optionnellement, le planage de la bande composite, (k) la découpe de la bande composite en panneaux, (1) optionnellement un dispositif permettant l'élimination des panneaux comportant des défauts d'application de l'encre anti-soudure, détectés lors du contrôle à l'étape (e), (m) le transfert des panneaux dans une presse de gonflage à plusieurs étages, (n) le gonflage des canaux, (o) la sortie des panneaux de la presse et leur empilage pour conditionnement. Description des figures(g) applying with a rolling mill strip B to the surface of strip A to obtain a composite strip, (h) annealing the composite strip in an oven, (i) cooling the composite strip, (j) optionally, the leveling of the composite strip, (k) the cutting of the composite strip into panels, (1) optionally a device allowing the elimination of the panels having ink application defects anti-welding, detected during the control in step (e), (m) the transfer of the panels to a multi-stage inflation press, (n) the inflation of the channels, (o) the exit of the panels from the press and stacking them for packaging. Description of the figures
La figure unique représente, en fonction de la température de recuit, la fraction recristallisée pour des tôles en alliages 1050, 3003, 8040 et 8006 issu de coulée continue.The single figure represents, as a function of the annealing temperature, the recrystallized fraction for sheets of alloys 1050, 3003, 8040 and 8006 from continuous casting.
Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention
La demanderesse a constaté que les alliages habituellement utilisés pour fabriquer des panneaux roll-bond biface peuvent être utilisés, et notamment ceux divulgués dans le livre « L'aluminium », tome 1 « Production - Propriétés - Alliages - Fabrication des demi-produits - Fabrications annexes », cité ci-dessus. Pour la fabrication de panneaux monoface, il est nécessaire, comme l'indique le brevet FR 1347949, que lors du gonflage des canaux, l'une des faces du panneau se déforme plus facilement que l'autre. On utilise donc pour les deux faces de la bande composite deux alliages différents, l'un, plus dur, qui forme la face plate, et l'autre, moins dur, qui se déforme lors du gonflage pour former les canaux du circuit. Par exemple, il est connu d'utiliser la combinaison des alliages 1050 et 8040 (selon la désignation de l'Aluminum Association). Cependant, la demanderesse a constaté lors de ses essais qu'il est préférable d'utiliser pour la face plane une bande en alliage contenant du fer et du manganèse et tel que Fe + Mn > 0,8% (en poids), et de préférence > 1%, voire > 1,5%. Un exemple d'alliage de ce type est l'alliage 8006, dont la composition enregistrée à l'Aluminum Association est la suivante (% en poids) :The Applicant has found that the alloys usually used to manufacture two-sided roll-bond panels can be used, and in particular those disclosed in the book "Aluminum", volume 1 "Production - Properties - Alloys - Manufacture of semi-finished products - Manufacturing annexes ”, cited above. For the manufacture of single-sided panels, it is necessary, as indicated in patent FR 1 347 949, that when the channels are inflated, one of the faces of the panel deforms more easily than the other. Two different alloys are therefore used for the two faces of the composite strip, one, harder, which forms the flat face, and the other, less hard, which deforms during inflation to form the channels of the circuit. For example, it is known to use the combination of alloys 1050 and 8040 (according to the designation of the Aluminum Association). However, the Applicant has noted during its tests that it is preferable to use for the planar face an alloy strip containing iron and manganese and such that Fe + Mn> 0.8% (by weight), and preferably> 1%, or even> 1.5%. An example of an alloy of this type is alloy 8006, the composition of which is registered with the Aluminum Association as follows (% by weight):
Si < 0,40 Fe : 1,2 - 2,0 Cu < 0,30 Mn : 0,30 - 1,0 Mg < 0,10 Zn < 0,10 La bande en alliage au fer et au manganèse est élaborée de préférence par coulée continue de bandes, et notamment par coulée continue entre deux cylindres refroidis, par exemple par une machine Jumbo 3C ™ de Pechiney Aluminium Engineering. Il est connu que les alliages contenant du manganèse et/ou fer obtenus par coulée continue présentent après une gamme de laminage à froid effectuée directement après la coulée, c'est-à-dire sans homogénéisation de la bande coulée, une microstructure à grains fins donnant une résistance à la recristallisation plus forte que les mêmes alliages obtenus à partir de plaques de laminage. Les caractéristiques microstructurales de telles bandes obtenues par coulée continue ont été décrites dans la littérature, notamment dans les articles de M. Slâmovâ et al: « Différences inIf <0.40 Fe: 1.2 - 2.0 Cu <0.30 Mn: 0.30 - 1.0 Mg <0.10 Zn <0.10 The strip of iron and manganese alloy is produced from preferably by continuous casting of strips, and in particular by continuous casting between two cooled cylinders, for example by a Jumbo 3C ™ machine from Pechiney Aluminum Engineering. It is known that the alloys containing manganese and / or iron obtained by continuous casting have, after a cold rolling range carried out directly after casting, that is to say without homogenization of the cast strip, a fine-grain microstructure. giving a stronger recrystallization resistance than the same alloys obtained from rolling plates. The microstructural characteristics of such bands obtained by continuous casting have been described in the literature, in particular in the articles by M. Slâmovâ et al: “Differences in
Structure Evolution of Twin-Roll Cast AA8006 and AA8011 Alloys during Annealing », paru dans la revue Materials Science Forum, Vols. 331-337 (2000), pp.Structure Evolution of Twin-Roll Cast AA8006 and AA8011 Alloys during Annealing ”, published in the journal Materials Science Forum, Vols. 331-337 (2000), pp.
829-834 ; « Impact of As-Cast Structures on Structure and Properties of Twin-Roll829-834; "Impact of As-Cast Structures on Structure and Properties of Twin-Roll
Cast AA8006 Alloy », paru dans la revue Materials Science Forum, Vols. 331-337Cast AA8006 Alloy ”, published in the journal Materials Science Forum, Vols. 331-337
(2000), pp. 161-166 ; « Response of AA 8006 and AA 8111 strip-cast cold rolled alloys to high température annealing », paru dans les Compte-Rendus du Congrès ICAA6, Vol 2, pp. 1287-1292 ; « Phase Transformation Study of Two Aluminum(2000), pp. 161-166; "Response of AA 8006 and AA 8111 strip-cast cold rolled alloys to high temperature annealing", published in the Congress Minutes ICAA6, Vol 2, pp. 1287-1292; "Phase Transformation Study of Two Aluminum
Strip-Cast Alloys » paru dans les Compte-Rendus du congrès ICAA6, Vol 2, pp.Strip-Cast Alloys ”published in the Minutes of the ICAA6 congress, Vol 2, pp.
897-902, mais il n'a pas encore été envisagé de l'utiliser pour former un panneau roll-bond de type monoface.897-902, but it has not yet been envisaged to use it to form a single-sided roll-bond panel.
L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication amélioré de panneaux à circuit intégré en alliage d'aluminium de type biface ou monoface. Dans la suite de la description on désignera par « bande A » la bande en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium sur laquelle est appliquée l'encre anti-soudure, « bande B » la bande en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium qui est appliquée sur la bande A, « bande composite » la bande formée à partir des bandes A et B, et par « panneaux » les panneaux formés par découpe de la bande composite.The invention also relates to an improved method of manufacturing integrated circuit panels of aluminum alloy of the double-sided or single-sided type. In the following description, “strip A” will denote the strip of aluminum or aluminum alloy to which the anti-welding ink is applied, “strip B” the strip of aluminum or aluminum alloy which is applied to strip A, “composite strip” the strip formed from strips A and B, and by “panels” the panels formed by cutting the composite strip.
Le procédé continu selon l'invention comporte les étapes suivantes :The continuous process according to the invention comprises the following stages:
(a) l'alimentation de la chaîne de fabrication en bandes A et B,(a) supplying the production line with strips A and B,
(b) le décambrage des bandes A et B,(b) the descaling of bands A and B,
(c) optionnellement le brossage des bandes A et B, (d) l'application de l'encre anti-soudure sur la bande A,(c) optionally brushing the strips A and B, (d) applying the anti-welding ink to the strip A,
(e) le contrôle de la qualité de cette application,(e) quality control of this application,
(f) le préchauffage des bandes A et B,(f) preheating of bands A and B,
(g) la création d'une bande composite par passage sous un laminoir de la bande A qui comporte l'encre, et de la bande B (h) le recuit de la bande composite dans un four, (i) le refroidissement de la bande composite, (j) optionnellement, le planage de la bande composite, (k) la découpe de la bande composite en panneaux,(g) the creation of a composite strip by passage under a rolling mill of the strip A which comprises the ink, and of the strip B (h) the annealing of the composite strip in an oven, (i) the cooling of the composite strip, (j) optionally, the leveling of the composite strip, (k) cutting the composite strip into panels,
(1) optionnellement l'élimination des panneaux comportant des défauts d'application du milieu séparateur, détectés lors du contrôle (e),(1) optionally the elimination of the panels comprising faults in the application of the separating medium, detected during the control,
(m)le transfert des panneaux dans une presse de gonflage à plusieurs étages, (n) le gonflage, de préférence simultané, des panneaux à tous les étages,(m) the transfer of the panels to a multi-stage inflation press, (n) the inflation, preferably simultaneously, of the panels on all the stages,
(o) la sortie des panneaux de la presse et leur empilage pour conditionnement.(o) the output of the press panels and their stacking for packaging.
L'alimentation des bandes A et B peut se faire par deux dérouleuses. Dans une réalisation préférée de l'invention, on dote chacune des deux dérouleuses d'un dispositif mobile de raboutage, permettant de changer chacune des bandes A et B sans interrompre le défilement des bandes dans la chaîne de fabrication.The strips A and B can be fed by two unwinders. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the two unwinders is provided with a mobile splicing device, making it possible to change each of the bands A and B without interrupting the running of the bands in the production line.
Avant son introduction dans la chaîne de fabrication, il est avantageux de dégraisser les bandes, par exemple par un procédé à la flamme ou tout autre procédé connu de l'homme du métier. Il est avantageux de brosser les surfaces des bandes A et B destinées à entrer en contact. Des brosses rotatives dotées de fils d'acier conviennent à cet effet.Before its introduction into the production line, it is advantageous to degrease the strips, for example by a flame process or any other process known to those skilled in the art. It is advantageous to brush the surfaces of the strips A and B intended to come into contact. Rotary brushes with steel wires are suitable for this purpose.
L'application de l'encre anti-soudure sur la bande A peut être effectuée par des techniques de sérigraphie connues de l'homme du métier. Le contrôle de la qualité de cette sérigraphie peut être fait par un opérateur qualifié. Dans une réalisation préférée de l'invention, la qualité de cette application est contrôlée de préférence par un dispositif automatique de vision industrielle capable de détecter des défauts rédhibitoires et de repérer la position des circuits défectueux sur la bande A. Ce dispositif acquiert l'image imprimée et la compare à une référence jugée parfaite. Ce système permet alors d'éliminer avant le gonflage des circuits les panneaux sur lesquels un défaut rédhibitoire a été détecté. Comme four de préchauffage, n'importe quel four continu connu de l'homme du métier peut être utilisé, par exemple un four à flamme directe. Dans une réalisation préférée de l'invention, ce four permet la régulation de la température de façon à maintenir la température constante sur toute la largeur des bandes A et B dans un intervalle compris entre ± 10°C maximum, de préférence entre ± 7°C, et encore plus préférentiellement dans un intervalle compris entre ± 5°C.The application of the anti-welding ink on the strip A can be carried out by screen printing techniques known to those skilled in the art. The quality control of this screen printing can be done by a qualified operator. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the quality of this application is preferably controlled by an automatic industrial vision device capable of detecting unacceptable defects and of locating the position of the defective circuits on the tape A. This device acquires the image printed and compare it to a reference deemed perfect. This system then makes it possible to eliminate, before inflating the circuits, the panels on which a crippling fault has been detected. As the preheating oven, any continuous oven known to those skilled in the art can be used, for example a direct flame oven. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this oven allows the regulation of the temperature so as to keep the temperature constant over the entire width of the bands A and B in a range between ± 10 ° C maximum, preferably between ± 7 ° C, and even more preferably in a range between ± 5 ° C.
L'application de la bande B sur la bande A peut se faire dans un laminoir traditionnel et préférentiellement dans un laminoir quarto. Dans une réalisation préférentielle de l'invention, les deux cylindres qui entrent en contact avec la bande sont brossés au cours du laminage. Le dispositif de brossage divulgué dans le brevet français FR 2568495 convient à cet effet.The application of strip B on strip A can be done in a traditional rolling mill and preferably in a quarto rolling mill. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two cylinders which come into contact with the strip are brushed during rolling. The brushing device disclosed in French patent FR 2568495 is suitable for this purpose.
Pour le recuit de la bande composite n'importe quel four continu connu de l'homme du métier peut être utilisé. Dans une réalisation préférée de l'invention, ce four permet la régulation de la température de façon à maintenir la température constante sur toute la largeur de la bande dans un intervalle compris entre ± 10°C, de préférence entre ± 7°C, et encore plus préférentiellement dans un intervalle compris entre ± 5°C. Le refroidissement de la bande composite peut se faire par aspersion de tout fluide réfrigérant, liquide ou gazeux, et préférentiellement par arrosage à l'eau. S'il est nécessaire d'effectuer à ce stade un planage de la bande composite, ce planage peut être fait par exemple mécaniquement par imbrication plus ou moins importante de la bande entre deux nappes de rouleaux métalliques. La découpe de la bande composite en panneaux peut se faire à l'aide d'une cisaille fixe. Dans ce cas, il est nécessaire d'ajouter un accumulateur de bande qui permet d'effectuer la découpe sans interrompre le défilement continu de la bande. Dans une réalisation préférée de l'invention, on utilise une cisaille volante, ce qui rend superflu l'accumulateur de bande susceptible d'induire des défauts sur la bande composite. Dans une réalisation préférée de l'invention, on élimine ensuite les panneaux dont les circuits ont été détectés comme étant défectueux lors du contrôle, avant de transférer les panneaux dont la qualité a été jugée acceptable dans la presse de gonflage. Ce transfert se fait avantageusement en chargeant les panneaux dans un ascenseur. Ensuite, les panneaux sont transférés à l'aide d'un robot, par exemple par un robot à six axes, dans la presse. La presse de gonflage dispose de plusieurs étages, préférentiellement au moins quatre étages, et encore plus préférentiellement au moins huit étages. Dans cette presse, les circuits sont gonflés à l'aide d'un fluide sous pression à travers une aiguille qui est introduite dans le canal de gonflage, entre les deux faces de chaque panneau. Les panneaux dans la presse peuvent être gonflés l'un après l'autre ou, de préférence, simultanément. Dans une réalisation préférentielle de l'invention, cette presse est d'une construction telle qu'elle permet le gonflage de panneaux monoface, c'est-à- dire de panneaux comportant des circuits gonflés sur une face seulement, l'autre face étant plane, et de panneaux bi-face, c'est-à-dire de panneaux comportant des circuits gonflés sur les deux faces. Pour la fabrication de panneaux monoface, une contre- pression est appliquée sur la face opposée à la face plane, selon les techniques connues de l'homme du métier et décrites, par exemple, dans le brevet FR 2561368 précité.For the annealing of the composite strip, any continuous oven known to a person skilled in the art can be used. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this oven allows the temperature to be regulated so as to keep the temperature constant over the entire width of the strip in a range between ± 10 ° C, preferably between ± 7 ° C, and even more preferably in an interval between ± 5 ° C. The cooling of the composite strip can be done by spraying any refrigerant, liquid or gaseous, and preferably by spraying with water. If it is necessary at this stage to level the composite strip, this leveling can be done for example mechanically by more or less significant overlapping of the strip between two plies of metal rollers. The composite strip can be cut into panels using a fixed shear. In this case, it is necessary to add a strip accumulator which allows cutting to be carried out without interrupting the continuous running of the strip. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a flying shear is used, which makes the tape accumulator capable of inducing defects on the composite tape superfluous. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the panels whose circuits have been detected as being defective during the control are then eliminated, before transferring the panels whose quality has been judged acceptable in the inflation press. This transfer is advantageously done by loading the panels in an elevator. The panels are then transferred using a robot, for example by a six-axis robot, into the press. The inflation press has several stages, preferably at least four stages, and even more preferably at least eight stages. In this press, the circuits are inflated using a pressurized fluid through a needle which is introduced into the inflation channel, between the two faces of each panel. The panels in the press can be inflated one after the other or, preferably, simultaneously. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this press is of a construction such that it allows the inflation of single-sided panels, that is to say of panels comprising circuits inflated on one side only, the other side being flat, and of two-sided panels, that is to say of panels comprising circuits inflated on both sides. For the manufacture of single-sided panels, a back pressure is applied to the face opposite the flat face, according to techniques known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in the aforementioned patent FR 2561368.
La sortie des panneaux de la presse se fait avantageusement par un robot, par exemple un robot à six axes, qui décharge les panneaux gonflés de la presse vers un descenseur, qui transfère les panneaux sur un empileur permettant de constituer des piles de panneaux prêtes à être conditionnées pour expédition. Dans une variante préférée de l'invention, on effectue un centrage des bandes A et B et de la bande composite. A titre d'exemple, le centrage avant l'entrée de la bande dans l'emprise du laminoir est utile. La figure 1 montre une réalisation préférée de l'invention.The output of the press panels is advantageously done by a robot, for example a six-axis robot, which unloads the inflated panels from the press towards a descender, which transfers the panels to a stacker making it possible to constitute stacks of panels ready for be packaged for shipment. In a preferred variant of the invention, centering of the strips A and B and of the composite strip is carried out. For example, centering before the strip enters the rolling mill right-of-way is useful. Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention.
L'invention telle que décrite ci-dessus peut être avantageusement appliquée à la fabrication de tous les panneaux roll-bond pour appareils réfrigérants existants ou pour d'autres applications d'échange ou de transfert thermique.The invention as described above can advantageously be applied to the manufacture of all roll-bond panels for existing refrigerating appliances or for other heat exchange or transfer transfer applications.
Elle peut être mise en œuvre également pour la fabrication de panneaux à application structurale, telle que des renforts pour carrosserie automobile. La demanderesse a constaté que dans certains cas, il peut être avantageux d'utiliser un panneau composite fabriqué à partir de plus de deux bandes de type A, pouvant contenir un seul circuit ou plusieurs circuits, identiques ou non. Dans ce cas. on entend parIt can also be implemented for the manufacture of panels for structural application, such as reinforcements for automobile bodywork. The Applicant has found that in certain cases, it may be advantageous to use a composite panel made from more than two type A strips, which may contain a single circuit or several circuits, identical or not. In that case. we hear by
« bande de type A » la ou les bandes en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium sur laquelle (ou lesquelles) est appliquée l'encre anti-soudure. On entend par « bande de type B » la ou les bandes en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium qui seront appliquées sur la ou les bandes de type A, et qui ne comportent pas de sérigraphie. A titre d'exemple, un panneau roll-bond constitué de trois bandes superposées comportant deux circuits superposés est constitué de deux bandes de type A et d'une bande de type B. On entend par « bande composite » la bande formée à partir des bandes de type A et de type B, et par « panneaux » les panneaux formés par découpe de la bande composite."Type A strip" means the strip (s) of aluminum or aluminum alloy on which (or which) is applied the anti-welding ink. The term “type B strip” is understood to mean the strip or strips of aluminum or aluminum alloy which will be applied to the strip or strips of type A, and which do not include screen printing. By way of example, a roll-bond panel made up of three superposed strips comprising two superposed circuits is made up of two type A strips and a type B strip. The term “composite strip” means the strip formed from type A and type B strips, and by "panels" the panels formed by cutting the composite strip.
Dans ce cas, le procédé continu selon l'invention comporte alors les étapes suivantes : (a) l'alimentation de la chaîne de fabrication en deux bandes de type A et une de typeIn this case, the continuous process according to the invention then comprises the following steps: (a) supplying the production line with two type A bands and one type
B,B
(b) le décambrage des bandes de type A et de type B,(b) decambering type A and type B bands,
(c) le brossage des bandes de type A et de type B, (d) l'application du milieu séparateur sur les bandes de type A,(c) brushing the type A and type B bands, (d) applying the separating medium to the type A bands,
(e) optionnellement le contrôle de la qualité de cette application,(e) optionally controlling the quality of this application,
(f) le préchauffage des bandes de type A et de type B,(f) preheating of type A and type B strips,
(g) la création d'une bande composite par passage sous un laminoir des bandes de type A qui comporte le milieu séparateur, et des bandes de type B, (h) le recuit de la bande composite dans un four,(g) the creation of a composite strip by passage under a rolling mill of type A strips which comprises the separating medium, and of type B strips, (h) annealing of the composite strip in an oven,
(i) le refroidissement de la bande composite,(i) cooling the composite strip,
(j) optionnellement, le planage de la bande composite,(j) optionally, the leveling of the composite strip,
(k) la découpe de la bande composite en panneaux,(k) cutting the composite strip into panels,
(1) optionnellement l'élimination des panneaux comportant des défauts d'application de l'encre, détectés lors du contrôle (e),(1) optionally the elimination of the panels containing ink application defects, detected during the control,
(m) le transfert des panneaux dans une presse de gonflage à plusieurs étages,(m) transferring the panels to a multi-stage inflation press,
(n) le gonflage, de préférence simultané, des panneaux à tous les étages,(n) the inflation, preferably simultaneously, of the panels on all the floors,
(o) la sortie des panneaux de la presse et leur empilage pour conditionnement.(o) the output of the press panels and their stacking for packaging.
Exemple 1Example 1
L'alimentation de la chaîne se fait par un dispositif mobile de raboutage permettant de changer chacune des bandes A et B sans interrompre le défilement des bandes dans la chaîne de fabrication. Ce chariot est équipé de soudeuses mobiles sans apport de métal permettant de faire la jonction entre les bandes issues de deux bobines de métal.The chain is supplied by a mobile splicing device making it possible to change each of the bands A and B without interrupting the running of the bands in the production chain. This trolley is equipped with mobile welders without the addition of metal making it possible to make the connection between the strips from two metal coils.
Le décambrage des bandes A et B se fait par une décambreuse motorisée à rouleaux. Le brossage des surfaces des bandes A et B destinées à entrer en contact se fait par des brosses métalliques motorisées. La sérigraphie au pochoir se fait dans une enceinte close sous pression, permettant de minimiser les dépôts de poussières et l'apparition de défauts sur la bande. Des écrans dont la structure de toile et la densité de fils sont ajustées en fonction de l'impression désirée sont utilisés ; la sérigraphie est effectuée par les techniques connues de l'homme du métier. L'alimentation en encre anti-adhésive sur la toile est automatique et permet une bonne homogénéité de la quantité d'encre. Le changement des écrans lors du changement de série se fait sans arrêt de la ligne et est semi- automatisé. Après sérigraphie, une tache d'encre supplémentaire est ajoutée sur la bande A à l'extrémité des motifs ; ladite tache sert comme marquage lors du débitage de la bande composite en panneaux.The stripping of strips A and B is done by a motorized roller stripper. The surfaces A and B intended to come into contact are brushed with motorized metal brushes. The stencil screen printing is done in a closed enclosure under pressure, to minimize dust deposits and the appearance of defects on the tape. Screens with canvas structure and thread density adjusted for printing desired are used; the screen printing is carried out by techniques known to those skilled in the art. The supply of non-stick ink on the canvas is automatic and allows a good uniformity of the quantity of ink. The change of screens during the change of series is done without stopping the line and is semi-automated. After screen printing, an additional ink stain is added to strip A at the end of the patterns; said spot serves as marking when cutting the composite strip into panels.
La qualité de la sérigraphie est contrôlée par un dispositif de vision industrielle, munie de caméras linéaires. Tous les motifs sont acquis, traités et comparés à une image modèle de référence. Ce dispositif permet de vérifier les cotes fonctionnelles des motifs et de repérer tous les défauts (tels que les taches superflues, le manque d'encre ou des bords à définition imprécise). La position des motifs défectueux est repérée par l'ordinateur de contrôle pour permettre d'écarter les panneaux qui comportent ces motifs défectueux avant l'étape de gonflage. Le four de préchauffage est un four à gaz à passage. Il est composé de deux parties permettant de chauffer successivement la bande B et la bande A. Sa puissance est deThe quality of screen printing is controlled by an industrial vision device, fitted with line cameras. All the patterns are acquired, processed and compared to a reference model image. This device makes it possible to check the functional dimensions of the patterns and to identify all the defects (such as superfluous stains, lack of ink or edges with imprecise definition). The position of the defective patterns is identified by the control computer to allow the panels containing these defective patterns to be removed before the inflation step. The preheating oven is a pass-through gas oven. It is composed of two parts allowing to heat successively the band B and the band A. Its power is
1800 kW. La température de la bande dans le four est typiquement de l'ordre de1800 kW. The temperature of the strip in the oven is typically of the order of
400°C, mais peut aller jusqu'à 500°C, en fonction des alliages utilisés. Le four comporte deux fois trois zones de chauffage. La température est maintenue constante à par un système de régulation à ± 7°C.400 ° C, but can go up to 500 ° C, depending on the alloys used. The oven has three heating zones twice. The temperature is kept constant by a regulation system at ± 7 ° C.
Le laminoir utilisé est un laminoir quarto permettant d'atteindre des efforts de laminage de l'ordre de 1400 tonnes, avec possibilité d'équilibrage variable.The rolling mill used is a quarto rolling mill enabling rolling forces of around 1400 tonnes to be achieved, with the possibility of variable balancing.
Le four de recuit est un four à gaz à passage de puissance 1220 kW. La température de la bande composite dans le four est de typiquement de l'ordre de 400°C mais peut aller jusqu'à 500°C, en fonction des alliages utilisés. Le four comporte quatre zones de chauffage. La température est maintenue constante à par un système de régulation à ± 7°C.The annealing furnace is a 1220 kW pass-through gas furnace. The temperature of the composite strip in the furnace is typically of the order of 400 ° C but can range up to 500 ° C, depending on the alloys used. The oven has four heating zones. The temperature is kept constant by a regulation system at ± 7 ° C.
Le planage de la bande composite se fait par une planeuse comportant 17 rouleaux d'imbrication variable, connue de l'homme du métier. Un capteur à ultrasons permet la détection de la tache d'encre déposée à l'étape de sérigraphie et déclenche la découpe de la bande composite en panneaux par une cisaille volante. Les panneaux alimentent un ascenseur et sont chargés par lots de huit dans la presse de gonflage à l'aide du robot à six axes.The leveling of the composite strip is done by a leveler comprising 17 rolls of variable nesting, known to those skilled in the art. An ultrasonic sensor detects the ink stain deposited during the screen printing step and triggers the cutting of the composite strip into panels by a flying shears. The panels feed an elevator and are loaded in batches of eight into the inflation press using the six-axis robot.
La presse de gonflage est une presse hydraulique de 2500 tonnes permettant le gonflage simultané des panneaux sur tous les étages. Des cycles programmés permettent le gonflage en ligne des panneaux biface et monoface. Pour les panneaux monoface, une contre-pression est appliquée sur tous les étages en plus de la pression de gonflage. Les cycles de gonflage sont commandés par un ordinateur. La presse est munie de dispositifs de détection des fuites lors du gonflage et permet l'élimination des panneaux défectueux ainsi repérés. Les panneaux dont les canaux ont été gonflés sont déchargés de la presse par un second robot à six axes sur un descenseur. Les paramètres du procédé sont ajustés en fonction de la vitesse de défilement mesurée en plusieurs points de la ligne. La vitesse des bandes A et B peut atteindre 15m/mn. La vitesse de la bande composite peut atteindre 30 m/mn, pour un rapport de laminage de 2. Les différents réglages de la ligne sont gérés automatiquement à partir d'une base de données des produits. La largeur des bandes utilisées peut atteindre 700 mm.The inflation press is a 2,500-ton hydraulic press allowing the panels to be inflated simultaneously on all stages. Scheduled cycles allow online inflation of both sided and single sided panels. For single-sided panels, a back pressure is applied on all stages in addition to the inflation pressure. The inflation cycles are controlled by a computer. The press is equipped with leak detection devices during inflation and allows the elimination of the defective panels thus identified. The panels whose channels have been inflated are unloaded from the press by a second six-axis robot on a descender. The process parameters are adjusted according to the running speed measured at several points on the line. The speed of bands A and B can reach 15m / min. The speed of the composite strip can reach 30 m / min, for a rolling ratio of 2. The different line settings are managed automatically from a product database. The width of the strips used can reach 700 mm.
Exemple 2Example 2
On a fabriqué en suivant le procédé de l'exemple 1 des panneaux roll-bond monoface. La bande A est en alliage 8006 de composition (% en poids) : Si = 0,28, Fe = 1,20, Cu = 0,024 Mn - 0,37, Mg = 0,0013, Ti = 0,017, et a été élaborée à partir d'une coulée continue entre cylindres, sans homogénéisation de la bande coulée avant laminage. L'épaisseur de coulée était de 7 mm, et la bande coulée a été laminée à froid jusqu'à 1,2 mm, puis soumise à un recuit de restauration de 2 heures à 220°C.Single-sided roll-bond panels were produced using the method of Example 1. Band A is made of 8006 alloy of composition (% by weight): Si = 0.28, Fe = 1.20, Cu = 0.024 Mn - 0.37, Mg = 0.0013, Ti = 0.017, and has been developed from a continuous casting between rolls, without homogenization of the casting strip before rolling. The casting thickness was 7 mm, and the casting strip was cold rolled to 1.2 mm, then subjected to a 2 hour restorative annealing at 220 ° C.
La bande B est en alliage 1050, à l'épaisseur de 1,26 mm, obtenue par laminage à chaud puis laminage à froid de plaques de laminage. En sortie du four de préchauffage, la température de la bande A était de 480°C, et celle de la bande B de 380°C. Le rapport de laminage appliqué était de 2. La bande composite a été ensuite recuite dans le four de recuit à différentes températures mentionnées au tableau 1. On indique également au tableau 1 la dureté Vickers des deux faces après recuit.Strip B is made of 1050 alloy, with a thickness of 1.26 mm, obtained by hot rolling then cold rolling of rolling plates. At the outlet of the preheating oven, the temperature of strip A was 480 ° C, and that of strip B was 380 ° C. The rolling ratio applied was 2. The composite strip was then annealed in the annealing furnace at various temperatures mentioned in Table 1. Table V also shows the Vickers hardness of the two faces after annealing.
Tableau 1Table 1
Selon les constatations de la demanderesse, une température de recuit de 400°C représente le meilleur compromis entre l'exigence de planéité et d'aspect de surface de la face plane (favorisées par une forte dureté du côté de la bande A) et l'exigence d'une formabilité suffisante du panneau pour permettre le gonflage des canaux sans rupture (favorisée par une faible dureté du côté de la bande B). En tout état de cause, il est préférable que la dureté du panneau du côté de la bande A soit supérieure à 40 Vickers, et préférentiellement supérieure à 43 Vickers ou même 45 Vickers.According to the Applicant's findings, an annealing temperature of 400 ° C represents the best compromise between the requirement of flatness and surface appearance of the flat face (favored by high hardness on the side of the strip A) and the 'requirement of sufficient formability of the panel to allow inflation of the channels without rupture (favored by a low hardness on the side of the strip B). In any event, it is preferable that the hardness of the panel on the side of the strip A is greater than 40 Vickers, and preferably greater than 43 Vickers or even 45 Vickers.
Exemple 3Example 3
On a fabriqué en suivant le procédé de l'exemple 1 des panneaux roll-bond mono- face. La bande A est en alliage 8040 élaboré à partir de plaques de laminage.Single-sided roll-bond panels were produced using the method of Example 1. Band A is made of 8040 alloy made from rolling plates.
L'épaisseur de la bande A est de 1,26 mm, et elle a été soumise un recuit de restauration de 10 heures à 250°C.The thickness of strip A is 1.26 mm, and it has been subjected to a 10-hour restorative annealing at 250 ° C.
La bande B est en alliage 1050, à l'épaisseur de 1,26 mm, obtenue par laminage à chaud puis laminage à froid de plaques de laminage. En sortie du four de préchauffage, la température de la bande A était de 480°C, et celle de bande B de 380°C. Le rapport de laminage appliqué était de 2. La bande composite a été ensuite recuite dans le four de recuit aux températures respectives de 400 et 440°C. Les duretés des deux faces après recuit sont indiquées au tableau 2.Strip B is made of 1050 alloy, with a thickness of 1.26 mm, obtained by hot rolling then cold rolling of rolling plates. At the outlet of the preheating oven, the temperature of strip A was 480 ° C, and that of strip B was 380 ° C. The rolling ratio applied was 2. The strip composite was then annealed in the annealing oven at respective temperatures of 400 and 440 ° C. The hardnesses of the two faces after annealing are shown in Table 2.
Tableau 2Table 2
On constate que l'on obtient des duretés plus faibles du côté de la bande A que dans l'exemple 2 pour des conditions équivalentes. Il n'est pas envisageable de diminuer la température de recuit de façon importante pour augmenter la dureté de la bande composite côté bande A, car la recristallisation du 1050, qui lui confère une formabilité convenable dans la presse de gonflage, nécessite dans les conditions du procédé selon l'exemple 1 une température d'au moins 370 à 380°C.It is found that lower hardnesses are obtained on the side of the strip A than in Example 2 for equivalent conditions. It is not possible to reduce the annealing temperature significantly to increase the hardness of the composite strip on the A side, because the recrystallization of 1050, which gives it suitable formability in the inflation press, requires under the conditions of method according to example 1 a temperature of at least 370 to 380 ° C.
Exemple 4Example 4
On a effectué un essai de laboratoire pour vérifier que les bandes en alliage 8006 obtenues par coulée continue présentent une résistance à la recristallisation plus forte que les autres bandes habituellement utilisées pour la fabrication de panneaux roll- bond mono face. Il est connu que la dureté des bandes recristallisées est inférieure à celle des bandes non recristallisées ; sachant qu'il faut une dureté suffisante pour pouvoir utiliser une bande comme face plane d'un panneau roll-bond monoface, cet essai permet donc une présélection des bandes utilisables à cet usage. A laboratory test was carried out to verify that the strips of alloy 8006 obtained by continuous casting have a higher resistance to recrystallization than the other strips usually used for the manufacture of single-sided roll-bond panels. It is known that the hardness of the recrystallized bands is lower than that of the non-recrystallized bands; knowing that sufficient hardness is required to be able to use a strip as the flat face of a single-sided roll-bond panel, this test therefore makes it possible to pre-select the strips which can be used for this use.
On a préparé par laminage à froid des bandes et tôles en alliages 8040, 8006, 3003 etStrips and sheets of alloys 8040, 8006, 3003 and
1050 aptes à être utilisées pour la fabrication de panneaux roll-bond. L'alliage 8006 a été préparé par coulée continue sans homogénéisation. La réduction lors du laminage à froid était de 2. On a ensuite recuit les tôles dans des fours à bains de sel pendant 15 s à des températures variables entre 380 et 440°C, et déterminé ensuite la fraction recristallisée par une technique d'observation métallographique connue de l'homme du métier.1050 suitable for use in the manufacture of roll-bond panels. Alloy 8006 was prepared by continuous casting without homogenization. The reduction during cold rolling was 2. The sheets were then annealed in salt bath ovens for 15 s at variable temperatures between 380 and 440 ° C, and then determined the recrystallized fraction by an observation technique metallographic known to those skilled in the art.
On constate sur le diagramme de la figure que les tôles en alliage 1050 recristallisent fortement à des températures relativement faibles (< 400°C). alors que les tôles en alliage 8006 ne recristallisent pas du tout sur toute la plage de température étudiée, qui se prête particulièrement à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'exemple 1. It can be seen from the diagram in the figure that the 1050 alloy sheets strongly recrystallize at relatively low temperatures (<400 ° C.). while the 8006 alloy sheets do not recrystallize at all over the entire temperature range studied, which lends itself particularly to the implementation of the method according to Example 1.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé de fabrication de panneaux à circuit intégré monoface en aluminium comportant la préparation de surface de deux tôles en alliage d'aluminium, le dépôt sur l'une des tôles d'une encre anti-soudure dans des zones réservées correspondant au dessin du circuit, la liaison par laminage des tôles l'une sur l'autre, et le gonflage des canaux correspondant aux zones non soudées à l'aide d'un fluide sous pression, dans lequel la face déformée est en alliage de la série 1000 et la face plane en alliage contenant du fer et du manganèse et tel que Fe + Mn > 0,8% (en poids), et de préférence > 1%.1. A method of manufacturing single-sided aluminum integrated circuit panels comprising the surface preparation of two aluminum alloy sheets, the deposition on one of the sheets of an anti-welding ink in reserved areas corresponding to the drawing of the circuit, the bonding by rolling of the sheets together, and the inflation of the channels corresponding to the non-welded zones using a pressurized fluid, in which the deformed face is of alloy of the 1000 series and the flat face of an alloy containing iron and manganese and such as Fe + Mn> 0.8% (by weight), and preferably> 1%.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que Fe + Mn > 1,5%2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that Fe + Mn> 1.5%
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de la face plane est un alliage 8006.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alloy of the planar face is an alloy 8006.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la tôle de la face plane est obtenue par coulée continue de bandes.4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sheet of the flat face is obtained by continuous casting of strips.
5. Panneau en alliage d'alumimum à circuit intégré du type monoface, comportant une face plane et une face déformée, caractérisé en ce que la face déformée est en alliage de la série 1000, et la face plane en alliage contenant du fer et du manganèse tel que Fe + Mn > 0,8% (en poids).5. Alumimum alloy panel with integrated circuit of the single-sided type, comprising a flat face and a deformed face, characterized in that the deformed face is of alloy of the 1000 series, and the plane face of alloy containing iron and manganese such as Fe + Mn> 0.8% (by weight).
6. Procédé continu de fabrication de panneaux à circuit intégré, comportant : (a) l'alimentation de la chaîne de fabrication en bandes A et B, (b) optionnellement le décambrage des bandes A et B, (c)le brossage des bandes A et B,6. Continuous process for manufacturing integrated circuit panels, comprising: (a) supplying the production line with strips A and B, (b) optionally stripping the strips A and B, (c) brushing the strips A and B,
(d) l'application d'une encre anti-soudure sur la bande A,(d) applying an anti-welding ink to the strip A,
(e) optionnellement le contrôle de la qualité de cette application, (f) le préchauffage des bandes A et B,(e) optionally controlling the quality of this application, (f) preheating of bands A and B,
(g) l'application à l'aide d'un laminoir de la bande B sur la surface de la bande A pour obtenir une bande composite,(g) applying, with a rolling mill, strip B to the surface of strip A to obtain a composite strip,
(h) le recuit de la bande composite dans un four, (i) le refroidissement de la bande composite,(h) annealing the composite strip in an oven, (i) cooling the composite strip,
(j) optionnellement, le planage de la bande composite, (k) la découpe de la bande composite en panneaux,(j) optionally, leveling the composite strip, (k) cutting the composite strip into panels,
(1) optionnellement l'éli ination des panneaux comportant des défauts d'application de l'encre, détectés lors du contrôle de l'étape e, (m) le transfert des panneaux dans une presse de gonflage à plusieurs étages, (n) le gonflage des canaux, (o) la sortie des panneaux de la presse et leur empilage pour conditionnement.(1) optionally the elimination of the panels comprising ink application defects, detected during the control of step e, (m) the transfer of the panels to a multi-stage inflation press, (n) the inflation of the channels, (o) the exit of the press panels and their stacking for packaging.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le changement des bandes A et B est effectué par raboutage sans interrompre le défilement de la bande composite.7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the change of the bands A and B is carried out by splicing without interrupting the running of the composite band.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le recuit de la bande composite à l'étape h se fait de façon à ce que la température de ladite bande composite soit maintenue sur toute sa largeur dans un intervalle compris entre ± 10°C, et préférentiellement ± 5°C.8. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the annealing of the composite strip in step h is done so that the temperature of said composite strip is maintained over its entire width in an interval between ± 10 ° C, and preferably ± 5 ° C.
9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le préchauffage des bandes A et B à l'étape f se fait de façon à ce que la température de chacune desdites bandes soit maintenue sur toute sa largeur dans un intervalle compris entre ± 10°C, et préférentiellement ± 5°C.9. Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the preheating of the strips A and B in step f is done so that the temperature of each of said strips is maintained over its entire width in a interval between ± 10 ° C, and preferably ± 5 ° C.
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la presse de gonflage dispose d'au moins 4 et préférentiellement d'au moins 8 étages.10. Method according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the inflation press has at least 4 and preferably at least 8 stages.
11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la découpe de la bande composite à l'étape k se fait à l'aide d'une cisaille volante. 11. Method according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the cutting of the composite strip in step k is done using a flying shear.
12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le laminoir est un laminoir quarto.12. Method according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the rolling mill is a quarto rolling mill.
13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de la bande composite en sortie du laminoir est supérieure à 20 mètres par minute.13. Method according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the speed of the composite strip leaving the rolling mill is greater than 20 meters per minute.
14. Procédé continu de fabrication de panneaux à circuits intégrés formés à partir d'au moins trois bandes métalliques, comportant : (a) l'alimentation de la chaîne de fabrication en deux bandes de type A et une de type B,14. Continuous process for manufacturing integrated circuit panels formed from at least three metal strips, comprising: (a) supplying the production line with two type A and one type B strips,
(b) le décambrage des bandes de type A et de type B,(b) decambering type A and type B bands,
(c) le brossage des bandes de type À et de type B,(c) brushing the type A and type B strips,
(d) l'application de l'encre anti-soudure sur les bandes de type A, (e) optionnellement le contrôle de la qualité de cette application,(d) applying the anti-welding ink on type A strips, (e) optionally controlling the quality of this application,
(f) le préchauffage des bandes de type A et de type B,(f) preheating of type A and type B strips,
(g) la création d'une bande composite par passage sous un laminoir des bandes de type A et de la bande de type B,(g) the creation of a composite strip by passing under the rolling mill strips of type A and of strip of type B,
(h) le recuit de la bande composite dans un four, (i) le refroidissement de la bande composite,(h) annealing the composite strip in an oven, (i) cooling the composite strip,
(j) optionnellement, le planage de la bande composite,(j) optionally, the leveling of the composite strip,
(k) la découpe de la bande composite en panneaux,(k) cutting the composite strip into panels,
(1) optionnellement l'élimination des panneaux comportant des défauts d'application de l'encre, détectés lors du contrôle (e), (m)le transfert des panneaux dans une presse de gonflage à plusieurs étages,(1) optionally the elimination of the panels comprising ink application defects, detected during the check (e), (m) the transfer of the panels to a multi-stage inflation press,
(n) le gonflage, de préférence simultané, des panneaux à tous les étages,(n) the inflation, preferably simultaneously, of the panels on all the floors,
(o) la sortie des panneaux de la presse et leur empilage pour conditionnement. (o) the output of the press panels and their stacking for packaging.
EP01270391A 2000-12-11 2001-12-07 Method for making integrated circuit aluminium panels Expired - Lifetime EP1353767B1 (en)

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FR0016082A FR2817954B1 (en) 2000-12-11 2000-12-11 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ALUMINUM PANELS WITH INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
PCT/FR2001/003886 WO2002047841A1 (en) 2000-12-11 2001-12-07 Method for making integrated circuit aluminium panels

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PL362112A1 (en) 2004-10-18
DE60103667T2 (en) 2005-06-09
ZA200303206B (en) 2004-04-26

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