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EP1352949B1 - Detergent tablet comprising two reactive layers separated by a barrier layer - Google Patents

Detergent tablet comprising two reactive layers separated by a barrier layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1352949B1
EP1352949B1 EP03356054A EP03356054A EP1352949B1 EP 1352949 B1 EP1352949 B1 EP 1352949B1 EP 03356054 A EP03356054 A EP 03356054A EP 03356054 A EP03356054 A EP 03356054A EP 1352949 B1 EP1352949 B1 EP 1352949B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tablet
detergent
bleaching
outer layers
compounds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP03356054A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1352949A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Marie Desmarescaux
Olivier Pierre Louis Marie Desmarescaux
Jean-Louis Maitre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eurotab SA
Original Assignee
Eurotab SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Eurotab SA filed Critical Eurotab SA
Publication of EP1352949A1 publication Critical patent/EP1352949A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073—Tablets
    • C11D17/0078—Multilayered tablets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0052—Gas evolving or heat producing compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a universal household cleaner in the form of a tablet comprising at least three layers.
  • Some universal household cleaners include: a detergent mixture, bleaching agents and / or biocides, a pH regulator, to which anti-foaming agents, perfumes, dyes can be added to optimize use and presentation.
  • a detergent mixture to which anti-foaming agents, perfumes, dyes can be added to optimize use and presentation.
  • the products thus obtained make it possible to clean various surfaces or objects, for example hard surfaces such as floors, walls, windows, worktops, surfaces of household appliances or toilets, etc.
  • These universal household cleaners according to the dosage of their various constituents, can also be used for cleaning dishes or linen.
  • Products packaged in liquid form have certain disadvantages. In the case where they are highly diluted - usually in more than 95% water - they occupy a large volume. Such a volume poses logistical problems for the storage and conveying of bottles to distribution platforms to the consumer. Then, once in store, they occupy an important space on the shelves which further increases their cost price. Once used, there remains a packaging to destroy or recycle, whose weight is important. In the case where the household cleaners are packaged in concentrated liquid form, the problem arises of their preparation before use. Indeed, the consumer must perform the determination of a determined and reproducible amount of active product in a certain amount of water, which is usually difficult to achieve.
  • Solutions have been provided by providing universal household cleaners in the form of compact tablets, corresponding to a predetermined dose of active compounds for cleaning a surface given. Tablets are compact so use little packaging compared to the amount of packaged detergent product. Logistics and linear storage are thus made less expensive, and the use for the consumer is simpler since it is sufficient, for the cleaning of a given surface, dissolve a tablet in a specific amount of water. The dosage is simple and reproducible from one cleaning operation to another.
  • the tablets are generally packaged in a unitary manner, or in pairs, in individual plastic bags that make the tablets insensitive to moisture for long periods of storage, because they are not likely to harden, or contrary to to disintegrate.
  • tablets can optimize the effectiveness of universal household cleaners, taking advantage of the chemical properties of certain active compounds present in the tablet, which dissolve at the time of use.
  • active compounds but by nature chemically unstable, which are created and released only at the time of use of the household cleaner. It may be a bleaching agent or biocide, for example nascent oxygen, peroxidic agents - for example hydrogen peroxide -. This involves using in the tablet two compounds that react chemically at the time of dissolution of the tablet in water, to give rise to at least one new active compound.
  • High performance detergent compounds can also be selected that are sometimes incompatible with other tablet compounds, for example nonionic or cationic surfactants that are not compatible with peracetic acid that could be generated from tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED). used as complexant / builder.
  • TAED tetraacetylethylenediamine
  • EP 481792 A1 and EP 481793 A1 disclose household cleaner tablets which include a whitening agent and a bleach activator each located in a separate portion of the tablet.
  • the document DE 201 06 897 U1 describes household cleaner tablets which comprise three distinct layers, an agent of whitening and a bleach activator being each in two separate layers.
  • the tablets described above always have certain disadvantages. Indeed, it appeared that despite the separation of compounds reactive or incompatible with each other in adjacent distinct layers of the tablet, degradations may occur. Indeed, it appeared that migrations of compounds are possible during the storage of the tablets, and this, although the tablet is protected from ambient humidity by a barrier film. From this migration results a degradation of certain compounds by chemical reactions, and follows a loss of cleaning power of the tablet.
  • the tablet according to the claimed invention is based on a structure comprising at least three layers.
  • the outer layers provide a given product, depending on the chemical reactivity of the compounds they contain respectively.
  • the bleach / biocide system will be obtained by locating a persalt (perborate, percarbonate) in one of the two layers and an acid (citric, etc.) in the other outer layer.
  • the middle layer comprises an effervescent system which will make it possible to accentuate the dissolution and the mixing of the compounds of the two outer layers at the time of use.
  • the outer layers separated by the chemically neutral middle layer vis-à-vis these two outer layers, contain complexing agents - or "builders" - incompatible with each other.
  • It also contains an effervescent or disintegrating system for controlled and accelerated dissolution of the tablet in the presence of water and to enhance the dissolution and mixing of the compounds of the two outer layers at the time of use.
  • the middle layer may also comprise at least one bursting agent.
  • Bursting agents are compounds with almost immediate disintegration action when in contact with an aqueous medium. They allow dissociation of the two outer layers of the tablet even faster than when using effervescent agents.
  • the middle layer is completely dissolved before the outer layers.
  • the middle layer disappears after a few seconds after the tablet has been immersed in water, so that the outer layers are dissociated. Their contact surface with the washing water is thus doubled and their dissolution is faster.
  • the chemical reaction of at least some of their constituents to create a novel detergent and / or enhanced whitening compound is accelerated.
  • the outer layers provide a given product, depending on the chemical reactivity of the compounds they contain respectively.
  • a bleach / biocide system can be obtained by locating a persalt (perborate, percarbonate) in one of the two layers and an acid (citric or otherwise) in the other outer layer.
  • the conditioning of the detergent tablets according to the invention is carried out by wrapping the tablets individually or in groups, preferably in pairs, in plastic bags.
  • the packaging is made by known automated bagging techniques, for example the "Form / Fill / Seal”.
  • the bags are made of thermo-weldable plastic films with moisture barrier properties. This prevents the tablets from disintegrating or on the contrary harden by absorbing water contained in the air during storage.
  • the bleaching agents for example DCCNa (dichloroisocyanurate)
  • DCCNa dichloroisocyanurate
  • the bleaching agents are preferably placed in an outer layer not adjacent to that in which are placed nonionic surfactant compounds and perfumes which are usually very reactive with DCCNa, to avoid their interaction which would result in loss of hypochlorite and denaturation of nonionic surfactant and perfume.
  • Another example is the case of a tablet containing percarbonate (another whitening agent) in a first outer layer, and the nonionic surfactant and the perfume in another outer layer, the two outer layers being according to the invention, separated by an inert middle layer to avoid the interaction between the bleaching agent on the one hand and the nonionic surfactant and perfume on the other hand, which would result in a loss of oxygen and an alteration of the surfactant and the perfume .
  • percarbonate another whitening agent
  • certain compounds to react only at the time of dissolution of the tablet will be separated into separate non-adjacent layers of the tablet. This is particularly the case for whitening agents and bleach activators which will each be separated in a separate outer layer of the tablet.
  • a percarbonate or a perborate TAED will be separated.
  • the product must meet the expected criteria, as for the choice of different ingredients and their percentage.
  • the different compounds corresponding to the systems mentioned above will now be described in detail. In all cases, they must be positioned in a layer of the tablet according to their reactivity vis-à-vis the other constituents of said layer.
  • Surfactants also known as “surfactants”.
  • the detergent composition generally comprises a mixture of nonionic surfactants, alone or in combination with other anionic and / or cationic and / or amphoteric and / or semi-polar surfactants.
  • the percentage of surfactants in the formula is of the order of 0.1 to 30%, preferably 0.1 to 10%.
  • Nonionic surfactants are nonionic surfactants:
  • anionic surfactants include: soap, C8 and C22 alkane sulfonates for primary or secondary surfactants, C8 and C24 olefin sulfonates, alkyl poly glycol ether sulphate at (EO content of 0.1 to 10 EO), alkyl glycerol sulfate, alkyls ethoxylated phenol ether sulfates, alkyl succinamates or sulfosuccinates, branched alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyethoxy carboxylates.
  • the neutralization cation is a sodium, potassium, or lithium ion.
  • the detergent tablets according to the invention preferably furthermore comprise a certain number of compounds making it possible to improve the shaping operation of the tablets during manufacture, also known as pelletizing operation.
  • these compounds will be included in the following nonlimiting list: polyethylene glycol (MW 1500 to 20 000); Ca or Mg stearate; clay type bentonite; crystalline celluloses; cellulose or starch derivatives; tri glycerides of vegetable or animal origin; sugar derivatives, etc.
  • the outer layers may also comprise effervescent agents or bursting agents.
  • Bursting agents may comprise: celluloses, amorphous or crystalline; crosslinked acrylic polymers; modified polyvinylpyrrolidones; clays with high swelling capacity; sodium acetates, etc.
  • Example 2 A second example of composition of a detergent tablet according to the invention is given below, which also mentions the product formed after reaction of the compounds of the two outer layers during dissolution.
  • 1st layer (external): * Potassium monopersulfate 20 * Clay 2.50 * PEG 4000 2.50 * Alkylbenzene Sodium sulphonate 5.00 * Sodium carbonate 5.00 * Sodium bicarbonate 5.00 Total: 40, 00 2nd layer (median): * Bicarbonate 9.5 * PEG 1 * Adipic acid 9.5 Total: 20, 00 3rd layer (external): * Sodium chloride 10.00 * Sodium bicarbonate 11,10 * Citric acid 10.00 * No Ionic 3.00 * Perfume 1.5 * Precipitated silica 1.9 Total: 40, 00

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

Detergent tablet comprises one outer layer containing a first component (detergent and/or bleaching agent), another outer layer containing a second component (detergent and/or bleaching agent), and a middle layer that is chemically inert with respect to the outer layers, where the first and second components react together to form a product with enhanced detergent and/or bleaching properties when the tablet is immersed in an aqueous medium.

Description

La présente invention concerne un nettoyant ménager universel se présentant sous la forme d'une tablette comprenant au moins trois couches.The present invention relates to a universal household cleaner in the form of a tablet comprising at least three layers.

Certains nettoyants ménagers universels comportent: un mélange détergent, des agents de blanchiment et/ou biocides, un régulateur de pH, auxquels peuvent être rajoutés des agents anti-mousses, parfums, colorants, pour optimiser l'usage et la présentation. Les produits ainsi obtenus permettent d'effectuer le nettoyage de différentes surfaces ou objets, par exemple des surfaces dures de type: sols, murs, vitres, plans de travail, surfaces d'appareils ménagers ou de sanitaires, etc. Ces nettoyants ménagers universels, selon le dosage de leurs différents constituants, peuvent également servir au nettoyage de la vaisselle ou du linge.Some universal household cleaners include: a detergent mixture, bleaching agents and / or biocides, a pH regulator, to which anti-foaming agents, perfumes, dyes can be added to optimize use and presentation. The products thus obtained make it possible to clean various surfaces or objects, for example hard surfaces such as floors, walls, windows, worktops, surfaces of household appliances or toilets, etc. These universal household cleaners, according to the dosage of their various constituents, can also be used for cleaning dishes or linen.

Dans le domaine de ces nettoyants ménagers universels, les produits sont le plus souvent présentés sous forme liquide, conditionnés dans des flacons plastiques. On peut également les trouver sous forme de solutions conditionnées dans un pulvérisateur ou sous forme de poudres. Néanmoins, ces formes de présentation des produits présentent certains désavantages.In the field of these universal household cleaners, the products are most often presented in liquid form, packaged in plastic bottles. They can also be found in the form of solutions packaged in a spray or in the form of powders. Nevertheless, these forms of product presentation have certain disadvantages.

Les produits conditionnés sous forme liquide ont certains désavantages. Dans le cas où ils sont fortement dilués - en général dans plus de 95% d'eau -, ils occupent un volume important. Un tel volume pose des problèmes de logistique pour le stockage et le convoyage des flacons vers des plateformes de distribution au consommateur. Ensuite, une fois en magasin, ils occupent un espace important sur les linéaires ce qui augmente encore leur prix de revient. Une fois utilisés, il reste un emballage à détruire ou à recycler, dont le poids est important. Dans le cas où les nettoyants ménagers sont conditionnés sous forme liquide concentrée, le problème se pose de leur préparation avant utilisation. En effet, le consommateur doit réaliser le dosage d'une quantité déterminée et reproductible de produit actif dans une certaine quantité d'eau, ce qui est habituellement difficilement réalisable.Products packaged in liquid form have certain disadvantages. In the case where they are highly diluted - usually in more than 95% water - they occupy a large volume. Such a volume poses logistical problems for the storage and conveying of bottles to distribution platforms to the consumer. Then, once in store, they occupy an important space on the shelves which further increases their cost price. Once used, there remains a packaging to destroy or recycle, whose weight is important. In the case where the household cleaners are packaged in concentrated liquid form, the problem arises of their preparation before use. Indeed, the consumer must perform the determination of a determined and reproducible amount of active product in a certain amount of water, which is usually difficult to achieve.

Pour ce qui est des produits conditionnés sous forme de poudre, ils comportent également des inconvénients en ce qu'une poudre est sensible à l'humidité et prend souvent en bloc lors d'une période de stockage longue. De plus, le temps de dissolution d'une poudre est variable et son dosage reste difficile pour le consommateur.In the case of products packaged in powder form, they also have the disadvantages that a powder is sensitive to moisture and often takes as a unit during a long storage period. In addition, the dissolution time of a powder is variable and its dosage remains difficult for the consumer.

Des solutions ont été fournies en proposant des nettoyants ménagers universels sous forme de tablettes compactes, correspondant à une dose prédéterminée de composés actifs pour le nettoyage d'une surface donnée. Les tablettes sont compactes donc utilisent peu d'emballage en comparaison de la quantité de produit détergent conditionnée. La logistique et le stockage en linéaires sont donc rendus moins onéreux, et l'utilisation pour le consommateur est plus simple puisqu'il suffit, pour le nettoyage d'une surface donnée, de dissoudre une tablette dans une quantité d'eau déterminée. Le dosage est donc simple et reproductible d'une opération de nettoyage à l'autre. En outre, les tablettes sont généralement conditionnées de manière unitaire, ou par deux, dans des sachets plastiques individuels qui rendent les tablettes insensibles à l'humidité pendant de longues périodes de stockage, car elles ne risquent alors pas de durcir, ou au contraire de se déliter.Solutions have been provided by providing universal household cleaners in the form of compact tablets, corresponding to a predetermined dose of active compounds for cleaning a surface given. Tablets are compact so use little packaging compared to the amount of packaged detergent product. Logistics and linear storage are thus made less expensive, and the use for the consumer is simpler since it is sufficient, for the cleaning of a given surface, dissolve a tablet in a specific amount of water. The dosage is simple and reproducible from one cleaning operation to another. In addition, the tablets are generally packaged in a unitary manner, or in pairs, in individual plastic bags that make the tablets insensitive to moisture for long periods of storage, because they are not likely to harden, or contrary to to disintegrate.

De plus, les tablettes permettent d'optimiser l'efficacité des nettoyants ménagers universels, en tirant parti des propriétés chimiques de certains composés actifs présents dans la tablette, qui se dissolvent au moment de l'utilisation.In addition, tablets can optimize the effectiveness of universal household cleaners, taking advantage of the chemical properties of certain active compounds present in the tablet, which dissolve at the time of use.

On peut ainsi disposer de composés actifs mais par nature instables chimiquement, qui sont créés et libérés seulement au moment de l'utilisation du nettoyant ménager. Il peut s'agir d'un agent de blanchiment ou biocide, par exemple de l'oxygène naissant, des agents peroxydes - par exemple de l'eau oxygénée -. Cela suppose d'utiliser dans la tablette deux composés qui réagissent chimiquement au moment de la dissolution de la tablette dans l'eau, pour donner naissance à au moins un nouveau composé actif.It is thus possible to have active compounds, but by nature chemically unstable, which are created and released only at the time of use of the household cleaner. It may be a bleaching agent or biocide, for example nascent oxygen, peroxidic agents - for example hydrogen peroxide -. This involves using in the tablet two compounds that react chemically at the time of dissolution of the tablet in water, to give rise to at least one new active compound.

On peut également sélectionner des composés détergents très performants qui sont parfois incompatibles avec les autres composés de la tablette, par exemple des tensioactifs non ioniques ou cationiques qui ne sont pas compatibles avec l'acide peracétique qui pourrait être généré à partir du tétraacétyléthylènediamine (TAED) utilisé comme complexant / builder.High performance detergent compounds can also be selected that are sometimes incompatible with other tablet compounds, for example nonionic or cationic surfactants that are not compatible with peracetic acid that could be generated from tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED). used as complexant / builder.

Pour améliorer la stabilité chimique des différents constituants de la tablette, on a eu l'idée de séparer les composés réactifs entre eux dans des zones séparées de la tablette, de manière à empêcher une réaction chimique prématurée pendant le stockage. Ainsi les documents EP 481792 A1 et EP 481793 A1 décrivent des tablettes de nettoyant ménager qui comprennent un agent blanchissant et un activateur de blanchiment chacun localisé dans une partie distincte de la tablette.To improve the chemical stability of the various constituents of the tablet, it was thought to separate the reactive compounds from each other in separate areas of the tablet, so as to prevent a premature chemical reaction during storage. Thus EP 481792 A1 and EP 481793 A1 disclose household cleaner tablets which include a whitening agent and a bleach activator each located in a separate portion of the tablet.

De même, le document DE 201 06 897 U1 décrit des tablettes de nettoyant ménager qui comprennent trois couches distinctes, un agent de blanchiment et un activateur de blanchiment étant chacun dans deux couches séparées.Similarly, the document DE 201 06 897 U1 describes household cleaner tablets which comprise three distinct layers, an agent of whitening and a bleach activator being each in two separate layers.

Néanmoins, les tablettes décrites ci-dessus comportent toujours certains désavantages. En effet, il est apparu que malgré la séparation des composés réactifs ou incompatibles entre eux dans des couches distinctes adjacentes de la tablette, des dégradations peuvent se produire. En effet, il est apparu que des migrations de composés sont possibles pendant le stockage des tablettes, et ce, bien que la tablette soit protégée de l'humidité ambiante par un film barrière. De cette migration résulte une dégradation de certains composés par réactions chimiques, et s'ensuit une perte de pouvoir nettoyant de la tablette.Nevertheless, the tablets described above always have certain disadvantages. Indeed, it appeared that despite the separation of compounds reactive or incompatible with each other in adjacent distinct layers of the tablet, degradations may occur. Indeed, it appeared that migrations of compounds are possible during the storage of the tablets, and this, although the tablet is protected from ambient humidity by a barrier film. From this migration results a degradation of certain compounds by chemical reactions, and follows a loss of cleaning power of the tablet.

Pour répondre aux inconvénients cités plus haut et assurer les différentes optimisations du nettoyant ménager en tablette, la tablette selon l'invention revendiquée repose sur une structure comprenant au moins trois couches.To meet the drawbacks mentioned above and to ensure the various optimizations of the household cleaner tablet, the tablet according to the claimed invention is based on a structure comprising at least three layers.

Une couche médiane permet de séparer les couches externes avec des produits inertes chimiquement par rapport aux constituants de ces deux couches externes; elle contient également un système effervescent ou désintégrant, ou un système d'éclatement, permettant une dissolution contrôlée et accélérée du comprimé en présence d'eau.A middle layer makes it possible to separate the outer layers with products that are chemically inert with respect to the constituents of these two outer layers; it also contains an effervescent or disintegrating system, or bursting system, allowing a controlled and accelerated dissolution of the tablet in the presence of water.

Les couches externes permettent d'obtenir un produit donné, en fonction de la réactivité chimique des composés qu'elles contiennent respectivement. Par exemple, le système blanchiment / biocide sera obtenu en localisant un persel (perborate, percarbonate) dans l'une des deux couches et un acide (citrique, etc.) dans l'autre couche externe.The outer layers provide a given product, depending on the chemical reactivity of the compounds they contain respectively. For example, the bleach / biocide system will be obtained by locating a persalt (perborate, percarbonate) in one of the two layers and an acid (citric, etc.) in the other outer layer.

La couche médiane comprend un système effervescent qui va permettre d'accentuer la dissolution et le mélange des composés des deux couches externes au moment de l'utilisation.The middle layer comprises an effervescent system which will make it possible to accentuate the dissolution and the mixing of the compounds of the two outer layers at the time of use.

Les couches externes comprennent des systèmes détergents, associés à des agents de blanchiment.The outer layers include detergent systems associated with bleaching agents.

Avantageusement, les couches externes, séparées par la couche médiane neutre chimiquement vis-à-vis de ces deux couches externes, contiennent des agents complexants - ou "builders" - incompatibles entre eux.Advantageously, the outer layers, separated by the chemically neutral middle layer vis-à-vis these two outer layers, contain complexing agents - or "builders" - incompatible with each other.

L'invention va à présent être décrite plus en détail, en particulier ses constituants chimiques. Cette description sera complétée par des exemples de compositions et structures de tablettes détergentes multicouches selon l'invention, données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.The invention will now be described in more detail, in particular its chemical constituents. This description will be completed by examples of multilayer detergent tablet compositions and structures according to the invention, given by way of non-limiting examples.

La présente invention concerne une tablette de détergent ménager du type dit "universel" c'est-à-dire pouvant convenir à plusieurs tâches ménagères différentes. Ces tâches ménagères incluent à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, le nettoyage de surfaces dures comme des sols ou des plans de travail, ou encore le nettoyage de la vaisselle. On peut également envisager le nettoyage du linge, en fonction des composés utilisés dans la tablette, et de leur concentration.The present invention relates to a household detergent tablet of the so-called "universal" type that is to say that can be suitable for several different household tasks. These household chores include as non-standard examples the cleaning of hard surfaces such as floors or worktops, or the cleaning of dishes. One can also consider the cleaning of the laundry, depending on the compounds used in the tablet, and their concentration.

La tablette détergente selon l'invention est constituée d'au moins trois couches distinctes, deux couches externes étant séparées par une couche médiane, et:

  • (i) la première couche externe comprend au moins un premier composé - agent détergent et/ou agent de blanchiment - pouvant réagir chimiquement avec au moins un second composé - agent détergent et/ou activateur de blanchiment - contenu dans la seconde couche externe,
  • (ii) la couche médiane est neutre chimiquement vis-à-vis des composés des couches externes, et
  • (iii) les composés des couches externes réagissent entre eux lorsque la tablette est immergée en milieu aqueux pour former au moins un troisième composé à propriétés détergentes et/ou blanchissantes renforcées, la couche médiane comprenant au moins un agent effervescent, et/ou au moins un agent d'éclatement, de sorte que lorsque la tablette est immergée en milieu aqueux, ladite couche médiane est dissoute complètement avant les couches externes.
The detergent tablet according to the invention consists of at least three distinct layers, two outer layers being separated by a middle layer, and:
  • (i) the first outer layer comprises at least a first detergent and / or bleaching agent compound that is chemically reactive with at least a second detergent and / or bleach activator compound contained in the second outer layer,
  • (ii) the middle layer is chemically neutral with respect to the compounds of the outer layers, and
  • (iii) the compounds of the outer layers react with each other when the tablet is immersed in an aqueous medium to form at least a third compound with reinforced detergent and / or whitening properties, the middle layer comprising at least one effervescent agent, and / or at least one a bursting agent, so that when the tablet is immersed in an aqueous medium, said middle layer is completely dissolved before the outer layers.

Par composé à propriétés détergentes et/ou blanchissantes "renforcées", on entend un nouveau composé créé directement dans l'eau de lavage au moment de la dissolution, qui a par conséquent une action détergente particulièrement efficace du fait de sa nature chimique, et du fait que ce composé est créé et agit in situ. Le terme "propriétés détergentes et/ou blanchissantes renforcées" n'est pas ici utilisé de manière limitative, les propriétés renforcées peuvent concerner toute propriété du nouveau composé apte à améliorer l'efficacité de lavage.By compound with "enhanced" detergent and / or bleaching properties is meant a new compound created directly in the wash water at the time of dissolution, which therefore has a particularly effective detergent action due to its chemical nature, and the This compound is created and acts in situ. The term "reinforced detergent and / or whitening properties" is not used here in a limiting manner, the reinforced properties may relate to any property of the new compound capable of improving the washing efficiency.

La couche médiane permet donc de séparer les couches externes avec des produits inertes par rapport aux constituants de ces deux couches externes, c'est-à-dire qu'elle joue le rôle de barrière physicochimique.The middle layer thus makes it possible to separate the outer layers with products that are inert with respect to the constituents of these two outer layers, that is to say that it acts as a physicochemical barrier.

Elle contient également un système effervescent ou désintégrant permettant une dissolution contrôlée et accélérée du comprimé en présence d'eau et permettant d'accentuer la dissolution et le mélange des composés des deux couches externes au moment de l'utilisation.It also contains an effervescent or disintegrating system for controlled and accelerated dissolution of the tablet in the presence of water and to enhance the dissolution and mixing of the compounds of the two outer layers at the time of use.

La couche médiane peut également comprendre au moins un agent d'éclatement. Les agents d'éclatement sont des composés à action de désintégration quasi-immédiate lors du contact avec un milieu aqueux. Ils permettent une dissociation des deux couches externes de la tablette encore plus rapide que lors de l'utilisation d'agents effervescents.The middle layer may also comprise at least one bursting agent. Bursting agents are compounds with almost immediate disintegration action when in contact with an aqueous medium. They allow dissociation of the two outer layers of the tablet even faster than when using effervescent agents.

Que ce soit à l'aide d'agents effervescents ou d'éclatement, la couche médiane est dissoute complètement avant les couches externes. Ainsi, en particulier lorsque des agents d'éclatement sont utilisés, la couche médiane disparaît au bout de quelques secondes après que la tablette ait été plongée dans l'eau, de sorte que les couches externes sont dissociées. Leur surface de contact avec l'eau de lavage est ainsi doublée et leur dissolution est plus rapide. De même, la réaction chimique d'au moins certains de leurs constituants pour créer un nouveau composé à action détergente et/ou blanchissante renforcée, est accélérée.Whether using effervescent agents or bursting, the middle layer is completely dissolved before the outer layers. Thus, particularly when bursting agents are used, the middle layer disappears after a few seconds after the tablet has been immersed in water, so that the outer layers are dissociated. Their contact surface with the washing water is thus doubled and their dissolution is faster. Likewise, the chemical reaction of at least some of their constituents to create a novel detergent and / or enhanced whitening compound is accelerated.

Les couches externes permettent d'obtenir un produit donné, en fonction de la réactivité chimique des composés qu'elles contiennent respectivement. Par exemple, un système blanchiment / biocide peut être obtenu en localisant un persel (perborate, percarbonate) dans l'une des deux couches et un acide (citrique ou autre) dans l'autre couche externe.The outer layers provide a given product, depending on the chemical reactivity of the compounds they contain respectively. For example, a bleach / biocide system can be obtained by locating a persalt (perborate, percarbonate) in one of the two layers and an acid (citric or otherwise) in the other outer layer.

Les couches externes comprennent des systèmes détergents, de préférence associés à des agents de blanchiment.The outer layers include detergent systems, preferably associated with bleaches.

Avantageusement, la tablette peut contenir des agents complexants - ou "builders" -, habituellement incompatibles chimiquement entre eux qui sont, selon l'invention, répartis dans les couches externes non adjacentes, car séparées par la couche médiane neutre (c'est-à-dire inerte chimiquement vis-à-vis des composés de ces couches externes).Advantageously, the tablet may contain complexing agents - or "builders" - usually chemically incompatible with each other which, according to the invention, are distributed in the non-adjacent outer layers, because separated by the neutral middle layer (ie ie, chemically inert with respect to the compounds of these outer layers).

Conditionnement des tablettesConditioning of tablets

Le conditionnement des tablettes détergentes selon l'invention est réalisé en enveloppant les tablettes individuellement ou par groupes, de préférence par deux, dans des sachets plastiques. L'emballage est réalisé par les techniques connues d'ensachage automatisé, par exemple le "Form/Fill/Seal". Les sachets sont réalisés en films plastiques thermo-soudables ayant des propriétés barrière à l'humidité. Ceci permet d'éviter que les tablettes se délitent ou au contraire durcissent en absorbant de l'eau contenue dans l'air pendant leur stockage.The conditioning of the detergent tablets according to the invention is carried out by wrapping the tablets individually or in groups, preferably in pairs, in plastic bags. The packaging is made by known automated bagging techniques, for example the "Form / Fill / Seal". The bags are made of thermo-weldable plastic films with moisture barrier properties. This prevents the tablets from disintegrating or on the contrary harden by absorbing water contained in the air during storage.

CompositionComposition

La tablette détergente selon l'invention comporte de préférence un mélange des systèmes de composés suivants:

  • un système tensioactif binaire, ou de préférence ternaire, basé sur un mélange de tensioactifs (ou surfactants): anioniques et non ioniques, ou anioniques et savons non ioniques, ou cationiques et non ioniques, ou non ionique et non ionique;
  • un système de blanchiment basé sur les mélanges suivants, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs: 1) perborate et/ou percarbonate optionnellement couplé avec un activateur de blanchiment, 2) des dérivés halogènes de type dichloro-isocyanurate;
  • un système complexant comprenant seuls, ou en mélange, les types de composés suivants: phosphates, citrates, polymères complexants, phosphonates, dérivés de polysuccinimide;
  • un système effervescent comprenant le mélange d'un acide organique et d'une base organique du type bicarbonate ou carbonate;
  • un régulateur de pH comprenant seuls ou en mélange, les types de composés suivants: carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, di-silicate de sodium ou de potassium, borate, acides citrique,adipique, maléique, malique, tartrique;
  • des additifs comprenant des parfums, des colorants, des agents d'aide au pastillage et à la mise en forme des tablettes lors de leur fabrication, et éventuellement des agents anti-bactériens.
The detergent tablet according to the invention preferably comprises a mixture of the following compound systems:
  • a binary surfactant system, or preferably a ternary surfactant system, based on a mixture of surfactants (or surfactants): anionic and nonionic, or anionic and nonionic, or cationic and nonionic, or nonionic and nonionic;
  • a bleaching system based on the following mixtures, given as non-limiting examples: 1) perborate and / or percarbonate optionally coupled with a bleach activator, 2) halogen derivatives of dichloroisocyanurate type;
  • a complexing system comprising alone, or in mixture, the following types of compounds: phosphates, citrates, complexing polymers, phosphonates, polysuccinimide derivatives;
  • an effervescent system comprising mixing an organic acid and an organic base of the bicarbonate or carbonate type;
  • a pH regulator comprising, alone or as a mixture, the following types of compounds: carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, sodium or potassium di-silicate, borate, citric, adipic, maleic, malic and tartaric acids;
  • additives comprising perfumes, dyes, pelletizing aids and shaping agents during their manufacture, and possibly anti-bacterial agents.

La répartition des différents systèmes de composés cités ci-dessus dans la tablette, est réalisée en fonction de la compatibilité chimique des composés utilisés (dont une liste non exhaustive est fournie ci-après, pour chaque système). On pourra ainsi retrouver des composés détergents et/ou blanchissants identiques ou similaires dans chacune des couches externes de la tablette, voire éventuellement dans la couche médiane.The distribution of the various compound systems mentioned above in the tablet, is performed according to the chemical compatibility of the compounds used (a non-exhaustive list is provided below, for each system). It will thus be possible to find identical or similar detergent and / or whitening compounds in each of the outer layers of the tablet, or possibly in the middle layer.

Néanmoins, on prendra garde de ne pas mélanger dans une même couche des composés incompatibles ou réactifs chimiquement. En effet, ceci entraînerait le risque de voir se développer pendant le stockage des phénomènes de dégradation de certains composés, ou l'apparition de nouveaux composés détergents actifs dont la stabilité, et donc la durée de vie, est courte et que l'on souhaite faire apparaître uniquement au moment de l'opération de nettoyage.Nevertheless, care should be taken not to mix incompatibles or chemically reactive compounds in the same layer. Indeed, this would involve the risk of developing during storage degradation phenomena of certain compounds, or the appearance of new active detergent compounds whose stability, and therefore the shelf life, is short and that it is desired only appear at the time of the cleaning operation.

Premièrement dans la tablette selon l'invention, les agents blanchissants, par exemple le DCCNa (dichloroisocyanurate), sont de préférence placés dans une couche externe non adjacente de celle dans laquelle sont placés des composés tensioactifs non ioniques et des parfums qui sont habituellement très réactifs avec le DCCNa, pour éviter leur interaction qui aurait comme resultat une perte d'hypochlorite et une dénaturation du tensioactif non ionique et du parfum. Un autre exemple est le cas d'une tablette contenant du percarbonate (autre agent blanchissant) dans une première couche externe, et le tensioactif non ionique et le parfum dans une autre couche externe, les deux couches externes étant selon l'invention, séparées par une couche médiane inerte pour eviter l'interaction entre l'agent de blanchiment d'une part, et le tensioactif non ionique et le parfum d'autre part, qui aurait comme résultat une perte d'oxygène et une altération du tensioactif et du parfum.Firstly in the tablet according to the invention, the bleaching agents, for example DCCNa (dichloroisocyanurate), are preferably placed in an outer layer not adjacent to that in which are placed nonionic surfactant compounds and perfumes which are usually very reactive with DCCNa, to avoid their interaction which would result in loss of hypochlorite and denaturation of nonionic surfactant and perfume. Another example is the case of a tablet containing percarbonate (another whitening agent) in a first outer layer, and the nonionic surfactant and the perfume in another outer layer, the two outer layers being according to the invention, separated by an inert middle layer to avoid the interaction between the bleaching agent on the one hand and the nonionic surfactant and perfume on the other hand, which would result in a loss of oxygen and an alteration of the surfactant and the perfume .

Deuxièmement, dans la tablette selon l'invention, certains composés devant réagir seulement au moment de la dissolution de la tablette seront séparés dans des couches distinctes non adjacentes de la tablette. C'est notamment le cas pour les agents blanchissants et les activateurs de blanchiment qui seront chacun séparés dans une couche externe distincte de la tablette. Ainsi, on séparera par exemple un percarbonate ou un perborate du TAED.Second, in the tablet according to the invention, certain compounds to react only at the time of dissolution of the tablet will be separated into separate non-adjacent layers of the tablet. This is particularly the case for whitening agents and bleach activators which will each be separated in a separate outer layer of the tablet. Thus, for example, a percarbonate or a perborate TAED will be separated.

Pour apporter l'efficacité de lavage recherchée ainsi qu'une mise en oeuvre rapide et une aptitude à la fabrication de tablettes, le produit doit répondre à des critères prévus, quant aux choix des différents ingrédients et de leur pourcentage. Les différents composés correspondant aux systèmes cités ci-dessus vont maintenant être décrits en détail. Dans tous les cas, ils devront être positionnés dans une couche de la tablette en fonction de leur réactivité vis-à-vis des autres constituants de ladite couche.To provide the desired washing efficiency as well as a quick implementation and ability to manufacture tablets, the product must meet the expected criteria, as for the choice of different ingredients and their percentage. The different compounds corresponding to the systems mentioned above will now be described in detail. In all cases, they must be positioned in a layer of the tablet according to their reactivity vis-à-vis the other constituents of said layer.

Agents tensioactifs (dits aussi "surfactants")Surfactants (also known as "surfactants")

La composition détergente comprend généralement un mélange d'agents tensioactifs non ioniques, seuls ou en combinaison avec d'autres agents tensioactifs de type anioniques et/ou cationiques et/ou amphotères et/ou semi polaires.The detergent composition generally comprises a mixture of nonionic surfactants, alone or in combination with other anionic and / or cationic and / or amphoteric and / or semi-polar surfactants.

Le pourcentage de tensioactifs dans la formule est de l'ordre de 0,1 à 30 %, de préférence de 0,1 à 10 %.The percentage of surfactants in the formula is of the order of 0.1 to 30%, preferably 0.1 to 10%.

Les différents composés agents tensioactifs pouvant être incorporés à la tablette seuls ou en combinaison sont décrits ci-après par catégorie.The various surfactant compounds that can be incorporated into the tablet alone or in combination are described hereinafter by category.

Surfactants non ioniques:Nonionic surfactants:

Ce peuvent être du polyéthylène oxyde, polypropylène oxyde, polybutylène oxyde condensés avec:

  • des alkyl phénols : la chaîne alkyl pouvant être droite ou ramifiée. Le groupe alkyl contenant de 6 à 14 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 8 à 14 atomes de carbone, le nombre d'éthylène oxydes étant de 2 à 50, de préférence de 4 à 50;
  • des alcools primaires ou secondaires, la chaîne alkyl pouvant être droite ou ramifiée et contenant de 8 à 22 atomes de carbone;
  • des alkyl polysaccharides avec un groupe hydrophobe contenant de 6 à 30 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 10 à 16 atomes de carbone et un polysaccharide (poly glycoside) dont le groupe hydrophile contient 1,3 à 3 unités de saccharose.
  • des produits de condensation d'oxyde d'éthylène avec une base hydrophobe formée par condensation d'oxyde de propylène sur du propylène glycol.
  • des polyhydroxyamides gras
  • des triglycérides éthoxylés
  • des ester méthyliques éthoxylés
It can be polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutylene oxide condensed with:
  • alkyl phenols: the alkyl chain may be straight or branched. The alkyl group containing from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 14 carbon atoms, the number of ethylene oxides being from 2 to 50, preferably from 4 to 50;
  • primary or secondary alcohols, the alkyl chain being straight or branched and containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms;
  • alkyl polysaccharides with a hydrophobic group containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 16 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide (poly glycoside) the hydrophilic group of which contains 1.3 to 3 units of sucrose.
  • condensation products of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol.
  • fatty polyhydroxyamides
  • ethoxylated triglycerides
  • ethoxylated methyl esters

Surfactants anioniques:Anionic surfactants:

Ils sont sélectionnés dans la liste ci-après donnée a titre non limitatif, sachant que la chaîne alkyl préférée pour des nettoyages à une température inférieure à 50°C est en C12 et C16:

  • des alkyl benzènes sulfonates linéaires (chaîne alkyl C8 à C15);
  • des alkyl sulfates (chaîne alkyl en C8 et C24);
  • des surfactants anioniques dans lesquels le cation neutralisant est du sodium, du potassium, ou du lithium;
They are selected in the following list given without limitation, knowing that the preferred alkyl chain for cleaning at a temperature below 50 ° C is C12 and C16:
  • linear alkyl benzenesulfonates (C8-C15 alkyl chain);
  • alkyl sulfates (C8 and C24 alkyl chain);
  • anionic surfactants in which the neutralizing cation is sodium, potassium, or lithium;

Les autres surfactants anioniques utilisables comprennent: le savon, des alcanes sulfonates en C8 et C22 pour des tensioactifs primaires ou secondaires, des oléfines sulfonates en C8 et C24, des alkyl poly glycol éther sulfate en (teneur en OE de 0.1 à 10 OE), des alkyl glycérol sulfate, des alkyl phénol éthoxylés éther sulfates, des alkyl succinamates ou sulfosuccinates, des alkyl sulfates ramifiés, des alkyl polyéthoxy carboxylates.Other useful anionic surfactants include: soap, C8 and C22 alkane sulfonates for primary or secondary surfactants, C8 and C24 olefin sulfonates, alkyl poly glycol ether sulphate at (EO content of 0.1 to 10 EO), alkyl glycerol sulfate, alkyls ethoxylated phenol ether sulfates, alkyl succinamates or sulfosuccinates, branched alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyethoxy carboxylates.

Dans tous les cas, le cation de neutralisation est un ion sodium, potassium, ou lithium.In all cases, the neutralization cation is a sodium, potassium, or lithium ion.

Surfactants cationiques:Cationic surfactants:

Les surfactants cationiques ont une longue chaîne hydrocarbyl group, sont solubles dans l'eau et ont une formule générale de type:
R1-R2-R3-R4-N+ X-The cationic surfactants have a long chain hydrocarbyl group, are soluble in water and have a general formula of type:
R1-R2-R3-R4-N + X-

R1 est une chaîne alkyl en C8 C18R1 is a C8 C18 alkyl chain

R2 R3 R4 sont des chaînes indépendantes en C1 C4 alkylR2 R3 R4 are C1-C4 alkyl independent chains

C1 C4 hydroxy alkyl, benzyle et (C2H4O)xH avec x qui a pour valeur 2 à 5C1 C4 hydroxy alkyl, benzyl and (C 2 H 4 O) x H with x which is 2 to 5

et X est un anion.and X is an anion.

Système "builders"Builders system

Les systèmes "builders" pouvant être utilisés dans le cadre de l'invention sont compris dans la liste des:

  • phosphates (ortho phosphate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, hexamétaphosphate, sel de sodium ou de potassium, anhydre, préhydratés ou hydratés).
  • complexants type NTA, EDTA, DTPA;
  • phosphonates;
  • échangeurs d'ions type Zéolites hydratés de type A-X, B-HS ou MAP;
  • silicates lamellaires de type SKS-6;
  • polycarboxylates avec un groupe carboxylique ou plusieurs, comme le citrate, le succinate, l'acétate de sodium ou potassium;
  • carbonates ou bicarbonates (sodium, potassium ou lithium)
  • sesquicarbonates de sodium
  • silicates amorphes et cristallins
  • homopolymères acides ou leur sel de sodium d'acide acrylique
  • copolymères d'acrylique maléique
  • copolymères acrylique phosphonique ou phosphinique
  • dérivés de l'acide polysuccinique
The "builders" systems that can be used in the context of the invention are included in the list of:
  • phosphates (ortho phosphate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, hexametaphosphate, sodium or potassium salt, anhydrous, prehydrated or hydrated).
  • complexing agents such as NTA, EDTA, DTPA;
  • phosphonates;
  • ion exchangers type hydrated zeolites type AX, B-HS or MAP;
  • lamellar silicates of SKS-6 type;
  • polycarboxylates with one or more carboxylic groups, such as citrate, succinate, sodium or potassium acetate;
  • carbonates or bicarbonates (sodium, potassium or lithium)
  • sodium sesquicarbonates
  • amorphous and crystalline silicates
  • acid homopolymers or their sodium salt of acrylic acid
  • maleic acrylic copolymers
  • phosphonic or phosphinic acrylic copolymers
  • derived from polysuccinic acid

Agents blanchissantsWhitening agents

Les agents de blanchiment pouvant être utilisés dans le cadre de l'invention comprennent:

  • le perborate de sodium mono et tétra hydraté
  • le carbonate de sodium péroxyhydraté
  • le monopérisophalate de magnésium xH2O
  • des sels de magnésium d'acide chlorobenzoïque et l'acide 4 nonylamino 4 oxopéroxybutyrique
  • monopersulfate de potassium.
Bleaching agents that can be used in the context of the invention include:
  • sodium perborate mono and tetra hydrate
  • sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate
  • magnesium monoperisphalate xH 2 O
  • magnesium salts of chlorobenzoic acid and 4 nonylamino acid 4 oxoperoxybutyric acid
  • potassium monopersulfate.

Une autre catégorie d'agents blanchissants est la branche des agents blanchissants halogènes qui comprennent:

  • l'acide trichloroisocyanurique;
  • les sels de sodium ou potassium de dichloroisocyanurates hydratés ou anhydres.
Another category of bleaching agents is the branch of bleaching agents which include:
  • trichloroisocyanuric acid;
  • sodium or potassium salts of hydrated or anhydrous dichloroisocyanurates.

Enzymesenzymes

Les enzymes pouvant être utilisées dans le cadre de l'invention peuvent être sélectionnées dans la liste suivante donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif:

  • protéases;
  • amylases;
  • lipases;
  • cellulases.
The enzymes that can be used in the context of the invention can be selected from the following list given by way of non-limiting example:
  • proteases;
  • amylase;
  • lipases;
  • cellulases.

Ces enzymes seront optionnellement ajoutées dans la composition de la tablette, dans des proportions bien connues de l'homme du métier, par exemple, dans des proportions de 0.1% à 3.0% en poids de la composition d'une tablette.These enzymes will be optionally added to the composition of the tablet, in proportions well known to those skilled in the art, for example, in proportions of 0.1% to 3.0% by weight of the composition of a tablet.

Agents d'aide au pastillagePelletizing agents

Les tablettes détergentes selon l'invention comprennent en outre de préférence un certain nombre de composés permettant d'améliorer l'opération de mise en forme des tablettes lors de la fabrication, également appelée opération de pastillage. Dans le cadre de l'invention, ces composés seront compris dans la liste suivante, non limitative: polyéthylène glycol (PM 1500 à 20 000); stéarate de Ca ou Mg; argile type bentonite; des celluloses cristallines; des dérivés de cellulose ou d'amidon; des tri glycérides d'origine végétale ou animale; des dérivés de sucres, etc.The detergent tablets according to the invention preferably furthermore comprise a certain number of compounds making it possible to improve the shaping operation of the tablets during manufacture, also known as pelletizing operation. In the context of the invention, these compounds will be included in the following nonlimiting list: polyethylene glycol (MW 1500 to 20 000); Ca or Mg stearate; clay type bentonite; crystalline celluloses; cellulose or starch derivatives; tri glycerides of vegetable or animal origin; sugar derivatives, etc.

Agents désintégrants ou de mise en oeuvre rapide de la tabletteDisintegrating agents or rapid implementation of the tablet

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la couche médiane qui permet de réaliser une barrière entre les couches externes réactives, contient un système effervescent, et/ou un système à action d'éclatement, permettant une désintégration - ou mise en oeuvre - rapide de la tablette lorsqu'elle est plongée dans l'eau à l'utilisation.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the middle layer which makes it possible to form a barrier between the reactive outer layers, contains an effervescent system, and / or a bursting action system, allowing disintegration - or implementation - Quick tablet when immersed in water at use.

Avantageusement, les couches externes peuvent également comprendre des agents effervescents ou des agents d'éclatement.Advantageously, the outer layers may also comprise effervescent agents or bursting agents.

Les agents effervescents peuvent comprendre des mélanges d'acides organiques et ou minéraux avec des carbonates et/ou bicarbonates.The effervescent agents may comprise mixtures of organic and or inorganic acids with carbonates and / or bicarbonates.

Les agents d'éclatement peuvent comprendre: des celluloses, amorphes ou cristallines; des polymères acryliques réticulés; des polyvinylpyrrolidones modifiées; des argiles à fort pouvoir gonflant; des acétates de sodium, etc.Bursting agents may comprise: celluloses, amorphous or crystalline; crosslinked acrylic polymers; modified polyvinylpyrrolidones; clays with high swelling capacity; sodium acetates, etc.

Enfin la tablette détergente selon l'invention peut comprendre d'autres composés ou additifs tels que des parfums, des colorants, ou des anti-mousses.Finally the detergent tablet according to the invention may comprise other compounds or additives such as perfumes, dyes, or anti-foams.

FabricationManufacturing

La tablette détergente selon l'invention peut être fabriquée selon des procédés de pastillage connus. Ces procédés incluent généralement les étapes suivantes:

  • préparation des mélanges détergents correspondants aux différentes couches de la tablette dans des mélangeur type Nautamix, Lazareth, Forberg, Lodige;
  • acheminement de chaque couche de la tablette dans un moule de la pastilleuse par une alimentation séparée.
  • application d'une force de compression sur les couches de la tablette contenues dans le moule, grâce à un poinçon. Il est alors possible de modifier les forces de précompression et de compression appliquées sur chaque couche, en modulant la force appliquée par le poinçon de la pastilleuse à l'intérieur du moule. On peut ainsi adapter la dureté de la tablette, donc son temps de dissolution.
The detergent tablet according to the invention can be manufactured according to known pelletizing processes. These methods generally include the following steps:
  • preparation of the detergent mixtures corresponding to the different layers of the tablet in Nautamix, Lazareth, Forberg, Lodige type mixers;
  • transporting each layer of the tablet into a mold of the pelletizer by a separate power supply.
  • application of a compressive force on the layers of the tablet contained in the mold, thanks to a punch. It is then possible to modify the precompression and compression forces applied to each layer by modulating the force applied by the punch of the pelletizer inside the mold. We can thus adapt the hardness of the tablet, so its dissolution time.

AvantagesAdvantages

Le nettoyant ménager universel sous forme de tablette multicouches selon l'invention comporte de multiples avantages. Il permet d'optimiser la logistique de fabrication, de stockage et de transport, permet de réduire l'encombrement des linéaires en magasin. En effet, la formule détergente est très concentrée puisqu'elle représente une dose de produits actifs de 0,5 g à 2 g dans une tablette d'un poids compris entre 2 et 10 g, de préférence entre 5 et 10 g, pour un volume de produit nettoyant une fois dilué, d'un volume compris entre 500 ml et 10 litres d'eau. En outre, sa mise en oeuvre est rapide et son temps de dissolution est inférieur à 5 mn, de préférence inférieur à 90 secondes, voire à 60 secondes.The universal household cleaner in the form of a multilayer tablet according to the invention has multiple advantages. It makes it possible to optimize the logistics of manufacture, storage and transport, reduces the space occupied by shelves in stores. Indeed, the detergent formula is very concentrated since it represents a dose of active products of 0.5 g to 2 g in a tablet of a weight of between 2 and 10 g, preferably between 5 and 10 g, for a volume of cleaning product once diluted, with a volume of between 500 ml and 10 liters of water. In addition, its implementation is rapid and its dissolution time is less than 5 minutes, preferably less than 90 seconds, or even 60 seconds.

Exemples de formule détergente selon l'inventionExamples of detergent formula according to the invention

Exemple 1 : Un premier exemple de composition d'une tablette détergente selon l'invention est donné ci-après, qui mentionne également le produit formé après réaction des composés des deux couches externes lors de la dissolution. 1ère couche (externe): * Percarbonate 20 * Acide citrique 10,00 * Alkylsulfate 5 * Bicarbonate 5,00 Total: 40, 00 2ème couche (médiane): * Bicarbonate 9,5 * PEG 1 * Acide adipique 9,5 Total: 20,00 3ème couche (externe): * TAED 12,5 * Bicarbonate 11,1 * Acide citrique 10,00 * Non Ionique 3,00 * Parfum 1,5 * Silice Précipitée 1.9 Total: 40, 00 Example 1 : A first example of composition of a detergent tablet according to the invention is given below, which also mentions the product formed after reaction of the compounds of the two outer layers during dissolution. 1st layer (external): * Percarbonate 20 * Citric acid 10.00 * Alkylsulfate 5 * Bicarbonate 5.00 Total: 40, 00 2nd layer (median): * Bicarbonate 9.5 * PEG 1 * Adipic acid 9.5 Total: 20.00 3rd layer (external): * TAED 12.5 * Bicarbonate 11.1 * Citric acid 10.00 * No Ionic 3.00 * Perfume 1.5 * Precipitated silica 1.9 Total: 40, 00

Un nouveau composé détergent est obtenu après dissolution de la tablette dans un volume d'eau variable, par exemple de 5 à 10 litres d'eau, par réaction des composés des deux couches externes. Plus particulièrement, à l'utilisation, le percarbonate contenu dans la première couche se dissout et libère de l'eau oxygénée. Le TAED contenu dans la troisième couche se dissout également et se combine avec l'eau oxygénée pour donner de l'acide peracétique ayant des propriétés biocide et oxydante, c'est-à-dire qu'un agent détergent actif est obtenu qui n'était pas présent initialement dans la tablette détergente.A new detergent compound is obtained after dissolution of the tablet in a variable volume of water, for example from 5 to 10 liters of water, by reaction of the compounds of the two outer layers. More particularly, in use, the percarbonate contained in the first layer dissolves and releases oxygenated water. The TAED contained in the third layer also dissolves and combines with hydrogen peroxide to give peracetic acid having biocidal and oxidizing properties, i.e. an active detergent is obtained which does not was not present initially in the detergent tablet.

Exemple 2 : Un deuxième exemple de composition d'une tablette détergente selon l'invention est donné ci-après, qui mentionne également le produit formé après réaction des composés des deux couches externes lors de la dissolution. 1 ère couche (externe): * Monopersulfate de potassium 20 * Argile 2.50 * PEG 4000 2.50 * Alkylbenzène Sulfonate de sodium 5.00 * Carbonate de sodium 5.00 * Bicarbonate de sodium 5,00 Total: 40, 00 2ème couche (médiane): * Bicarbonate 9,5 * PEG 1 * Acide adipique 9,5 Total: 20, 00 3ème couche (externe): * Chlorure de sodium 10.00 * Bicarbonate de sodium 11,10 * Acide citrique 10,00 * Non Ionique 3,00 * Parfum 1,5 * Silice Précipitée 1.9 Total: 40, 00 Example 2 : A second example of composition of a detergent tablet according to the invention is given below, which also mentions the product formed after reaction of the compounds of the two outer layers during dissolution. 1st layer (external): * Potassium monopersulfate 20 * Clay 2.50 * PEG 4000 2.50 * Alkylbenzene Sodium sulphonate 5.00 * Sodium carbonate 5.00 * Sodium bicarbonate 5.00 Total: 40, 00 2nd layer (median): * Bicarbonate 9.5 * PEG 1 * Adipic acid 9.5 Total: 20, 00 3rd layer (external): * Sodium chloride 10.00 * Sodium bicarbonate 11,10 * Citric acid 10.00 * No Ionic 3.00 * Perfume 1.5 * Precipitated silica 1.9 Total: 40, 00

Dans cette formule, monopersulfate de potassium contenu dans la première couche externe et chlorure de sodium contenu dans la deuxième couche externe, mis en présence d'un milieu aqueux (ou plus simplement d'humidité), réagissent pour former de l'hypochlorite, produit qui aurait été indésirable lors de la conservation du produit. Selon l'invention, l'hypochlorite formé seulement au moment où la tablette est plongée dans l'eau et permet d'améliorer les propriétés de lavage de la composition. En effet, l'hypochlorite démontre des propriétés désinfectantes et des propriétés blanchissantes (attaque des tâches oxydables - thés, cafés, tanins etc.).In this formula, potassium monopersulfate contained in the first outer layer and sodium chloride contained in the second outer layer, placed in the presence of an aqueous medium (or more simply moisture), react to form hypochlorite, product which would have been undesirable when storing the product. According to the invention, the hypochlorite formed only at the moment when the tablet is immersed in water and makes it possible to improve the washing properties of the composition. Indeed, hypochlorite demonstrates disinfecting properties and whitening properties (attack of oxidizable stains - teas, coffees, tannins, etc.).

Claims (6)

  1. Detergent tablet consisting of at least three distinct layers, two outer layers being separated by a median layer,
    characterized in that :
    (i) the first outer layer comprises at least a first compound - a detergent and/or bleaching agent - capable of reacting chemically with at least a second compound - a detergent and/or bleaching activator - contained in the second outer layer,
    (ii) the median layer is chemically inert towards the compounds in the outer layers, and
    (iii) the reactive compounds in the outer layers react with one another when the tablet is immersed in an aqueous medium to form at least a third compound with enhanced detergent and/or bleaching properties, the median layer comprising at least one effervescent agent and/or at least one disintegrating agent so that when the tablet is immersed in an aqueous medium, said median layer is completely dissolved before the outer layers.
  2. Tablet according to Claim 1, characterized in that the outer layers comprise at least one effervescent agent.
  3. Tablet according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least one of the following compounds: a binary or ternary surfactant system, a bleaching system with a per salt and an activator, a complexing system, an effervescent system, a pH regulator, and additives selected from perfumes, colourants, tableting aids and antibacterials, or a combination of these compounds.
  4. Tablet according to Claim 3, characterized in that the bleaching agents, on the one hand, and the non-ionic surfactants and the perfumes, on the other, are located in distinct and non-adjacent outer layers separated by a median layer that is chemically inert towards the compounds in the two outer layers.
  5. Tablet according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the percentage by weight of surfactants in the tablet is in the order of 0.1 to 30%, preferably from 0.1 to 10%.
  6. Tablet according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first outer layer comprises at least one per salt, a perborate or percarbonate, the second outer layer comprises at least one bleaching activator of the citric acid type, and the third compound with detergent and/or bleaching properties is an activated bleaching agent obtained by reaction of the per salt with the bleaching activator when the tablet dissolves.
EP03356054A 2002-04-08 2003-03-21 Detergent tablet comprising two reactive layers separated by a barrier layer Revoked EP1352949B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0204350A FR2838131B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2002-04-08 DETERGENT SHELF COMPRISING TWO REACTIVE DISSOLVING LAYERS SEPARATED BY A BARRIER LAYER
FR0204350 2002-04-08
US10/718,623 US20050113279A1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-11-24 Detergent tablet comprising two layers reactive during dissolution, separated by a barrier layer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1352949A1 EP1352949A1 (en) 2003-10-15
EP1352949B1 true EP1352949B1 (en) 2006-10-11

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EP03356054A Revoked EP1352949B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-03-21 Detergent tablet comprising two reactive layers separated by a barrier layer

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20050113279A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1352949B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE342341T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60308935T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2274190T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2838131B1 (en)

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US9474291B2 (en) 2009-04-09 2016-10-25 The Folger Coffee Company Process for producing compacted ground roast coffee tablet
US9474290B2 (en) 2009-04-09 2016-10-25 The Folger Coffee Company Process of producing dual-compacted ground roast coffee tablet

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US9474290B2 (en) 2009-04-09 2016-10-25 The Folger Coffee Company Process of producing dual-compacted ground roast coffee tablet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1352949A1 (en) 2003-10-15
DE60308935T2 (en) 2007-09-06
FR2838131A1 (en) 2003-10-10
ES2274190T3 (en) 2007-05-16
ATE342341T1 (en) 2006-11-15
US20050113279A1 (en) 2005-05-26
FR2838131B1 (en) 2004-07-23
DE60308935D1 (en) 2006-11-23

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