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EP1340954A1 - Système de distribution - Google Patents

Système de distribution Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1340954A1
EP1340954A1 EP03405036A EP03405036A EP1340954A1 EP 1340954 A1 EP1340954 A1 EP 1340954A1 EP 03405036 A EP03405036 A EP 03405036A EP 03405036 A EP03405036 A EP 03405036A EP 1340954 A1 EP1340954 A1 EP 1340954A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distribution
nozzle
channel
distribution system
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03405036A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1340954B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Niessen
Ernst Laufer
Winfried Pyrdok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie Refrigeration GmbH
Original Assignee
Axima Refrigeration GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Axima Refrigeration GmbH filed Critical Axima Refrigeration GmbH
Priority to EP20030405036 priority Critical patent/EP1340954B1/fr
Publication of EP1340954A1 publication Critical patent/EP1340954A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1340954B1 publication Critical patent/EP1340954B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a distribution system for distributing a to be cooled Fluids according to the preamble of independent claim 1, and one Cooling tower with such a distribution system.
  • the exchange surface for heat transfer is so-called "Built-in cooling towers" limited to the surface of the water drops. Due to the lack of structural elements inside the cooling tower, the Drops are not hindered in their fall path and it only comes in small amounts Mass for new formation or for the formation of additional drops. The Heat can only be transported from the inside of the drop to the exchange surface due to the relatively poor heat conduction of the water over the surface of the drop into the surrounding cooling air.
  • the object of the invention is therefore an improved distribution system, as well propose a correspondingly improved cooling tower, whereby a significant increase in cooling performance compared to the known Cooling tower systems is achieved so that the cooling process is essential more efficient, i.e. more advantageous in terms of energy economy and therefore more cost-effective can be represented.
  • a distribution system for distributing a Cooling fluid proposed that a distribution channel with a Inflow opening for supplying the fluid and at least one outlet opening for draining the fluid, wherein the distribution channel extends along a Channel axis extends.
  • the distribution system also includes one Distribution nozzle with an inlet opening for supplying the fluid and with a hollow nozzle body with a nozzle opening for dispensing the fluid into a Gas atmosphere.
  • the nozzle body extends along a nozzle axis, wherein the inlet opening of the distribution nozzle with the outlet opening of the Distribution channel can be connected such that the nozzle axis around a Predeterminable angle of rotation with respect to the channel axis is tilted.
  • a preferred embodiment of an inventive Distribution system includes a distribution channel with distribution nozzles, which Distribution nozzles have an inlet body and a nozzle body, wherein the distribution nozzle is connected to the distribution channel so that one is under pressure standing fluid to be cooled, preferably with high dirt loads contaminated water are fed from the distribution channel to the distribution nozzle can.
  • the distribution nozzles are at the inlet opening with a Flanged connection, so that the distribution nozzle around any Angle can be fixed tilted relative to the channel axis.
  • the distribution channel itself can rotate around its channel axis by any angular amount be so that the distribution nozzle in any spatial direction is pivotable.
  • a distribution channel preferably has a plurality of distribution nozzles, which may have different distances from each other and each as required in the circumferential direction on the distribution channel at various Positions can sit.
  • the distribution nozzles are preferably as Vortex chamber nozzles designed without internal internals, in which by a tangential entry of the water into a swirl chamber a swirling Flow is generated through the nozzle opening as essentially conical jet emerges.
  • the shape of the nozzle opening becomes like this chosen that at the usual working pressures, for example approx. 1 bar, sufficiently large drops of water arise. The working pressure however also significantly up or down from the value of a 1 bar differ.
  • the special advantage of built-in nozzles is that even very heavily loaded coolants with dirt loads can be sprayed because such nozzles have hardly any surfaces or cavities offer where the dirt load can accumulate. Furthermore
  • the relatively high working pressure of approx. 1 bar guarantees a sufficiently high one Flow rate of the coolant, which also causes deposits are largely avoidable.
  • the distribution channel as well as the distribution nozzle are preferably made of stainless steel, but can also be made of other suitable materials, such as suitable ones Plastics or for very special applications e.g. also made of glass or other materials.
  • the distribution channel is preferred as elongated tube, but can also be used as a curved tube Drilling in a solid block or otherwise.
  • the distribution system according to the invention is preferably used in one built-in cooling tower essentially closed on all sides.
  • a cooling tower usually comprises several distribution systems according to the invention, the either in different chambers or in a common chamber can be accommodated, and each distribution system in turn again has several distribution nozzles.
  • the cooling tower walls form an im essential cuboid body, the height of which is usually large Is compared to a side length of its rectangular base.
  • typical Dimensions are e.g. 21m X 6m X 12m, in which case the Dimensions also differ significantly from the example given here can.
  • the geometry of the cooling tower can be arbitrary, e.g. as Cylinder, ball or other design.
  • the housing can for example made of glass fiber reinforced polyester, stainless steel or another suitable material.
  • the distribution system for the distribution of the coolant is in one suitable height, typically less than approx. 1 ⁇ 2 meter high, above a Bottom surface of the cooling tower, which can be designed as a water collecting tray can and facilities for draining down raining cooling water having.
  • the distribution system is preferably arranged so that the Channel axis of the distribution channel substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the Cooling tower runs. If the cooling tower comprises several distribution systems, these are Distribution pipes are also preferably arranged parallel to one another and their Inlet openings can be connected to one another via a collecting device be connected so that the cooling water is central to all distribution systems can be fed simultaneously.
  • the distribution pipes can be among themselves of course not in parallel, e.g. arranged crosswise or otherwise his.
  • At least one fan is arranged in a side wall of the cooling tower, which creates an upward airflow in the cooling tower, which by a droplet separator, which is suitable in the ceiling surface of the Cooling tower is arranged, the inside of the cooling tower can leave again.
  • the cooling tower can also have several fans, which are arranged in the same or in different side walls.
  • the distribution nozzles of the distribution system according to the invention are in the arranged essentially spraying upwards.
  • the Nozzle openings designed so that the water jet is almost in one cone standing on the top spreads out, the working pressure is chosen so that the base of the cone is the lower edge of the Droplet separator just reached in the ceiling of the cooling tower.
  • Each distribution nozzle is aligned so that the side walls of the Cooling tower are not sprayed, but at the same time for cooling
  • the available cooling tower interior is used as completely as possible becomes.
  • the distribution of the water in the cooling tower can be overlaid of the spray areas of the individual distribution nozzles can also be optimized.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an inventive Distribution system with cooling tower T, which overall distribution system in the following is designated by the reference number 1.
  • the distribution system 1 for distribution of a fluid 2 to be cooled comprises a distribution channel 3 which extends along extends a channel axis K, the distribution channel 3 with a Inflow opening 4 for supplying the fluid 2 and at least one Outlet opening 5 for discharging the fluid 2 into a distribution nozzle 6 is.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 comprises an inlet opening 7 for supplying the fluid 2 and a hollow nozzle body 8 with a nozzle opening 9 for dispensing the Fluids 2 in a gas atmosphere serving as a cooling medium.
  • the nozzle body 8 extends along a nozzle axis D. According to the invention Nozzle axis D by a predeterminable angle of rotation ⁇ with respect to the channel axis K tilted.
  • the distribution system 1 preferably comes in combination with a closed, built-in cooling tower T with housing G is used.
  • housing G is used.
  • the distribution system 1 in one semi-open housing G i.e. in a housing G without side and / or upper or lower boundary surfaces is operated.
  • special Applications for example in agriculture, is also a whole business conceivable without housing G.
  • FIG. 1 The essential elements of a built-in cooling tower T with distribution system 1 are shown schematically in FIG. 1.
  • a cooling tower T comprises one housing G closed on all sides of essentially cuboid Shape, the shape of the housing G of course in principle any, e.g. be cylindrical, in the form of a sphere or otherwise can.
  • the housing base is preferably a water collecting tray 11 that have a drain 12 for removing the cooled fluid 2 having.
  • the distribution system 1 is located above the water collecting tray 11 installed, through which the fluid to be cooled 2, which is usually considered with more or less heavily contaminated water is present Cooling tower interior can be fed.
  • the fluid 2 to be cooled is the distribution system 1 under a predetermined Working pressure, which is generated by a pump, not shown, over the Inflow opening 4 can be fed.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 is in the distribution channel 3 in Connection and is arranged so that the fluid 2 through the nozzle opening 9 spraying upwards in a widening jet into the Gas atmosphere can be introduced.
  • the nozzle opening 9 is preferably so designed that the beam is almost at the top Cone 14 spreads upwards. This determines the shape of the nozzle opening 9 among other things, the symmetry of the cone 14.
  • the shape of the Nozzle body 8 and the nozzle opening 9, as well as the predetermined working pressure essentially determine the maximum height, which is in the form of a cone 14 escaping water jet in the housing G of the cooling tower T reached.
  • P refers the parameters are chosen so that the cone 14 is just the Droplet separator 15 is reached, which is more favorable in the ceiling area of the Cooling tower T is installed.
  • the droplet separator 15 e.g. in a side wall 16 of the cooling tower T is housed.
  • the droplet separator is used for Vent the housing and prevent water droplets from being carried away outward. It is preferably constructed from profiled plastic elements, can of course also other materials and / or others Include structural elements.
  • Cooling gases for example nitrogen, noble gases or other gases are used come.
  • Cooling tower T In the case G of the Cooling tower T generates a substantially upward airflow that can escape again through the droplet separator 15 to the outside.
  • the fan 17 either inside or outside the housing G on the droplet separator 15 appropriate.
  • the fan 17 sucks Cooling air from the inside of the housing G and thus generates an Cooling tower T upward airflow, which is also through the Droplet separator 15 can escape to the outside.
  • the distribution channel 3 is preferably as tubular line formed which around the channel axis K any angle ⁇ is rotatable. So by appropriate choice of the angle of rotation ⁇ can be avoided at a given Working pressure of the cone 14 emerging from the nozzle 6 upwards Coolant jet is sprayed directly against an inner wall of the housing G.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 comprises a hollow inlet body 10 with an inlet opening 7, and a hollow nozzle body 8 with a nozzle opening 9.
  • Embodiment are inlet body 10 and nozzle body 8 to each other arranged that the inlet axis E and the nozzle axis D one Include predeterminable angle ⁇ , the angle ⁇ depending on the requirement can have any value, but the angle ⁇ is preferably approx. 90 °.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 designed as a swirl chamber nozzle without internal fittings. With such Distribution nozzles 6 enter the fluid 2 to be cooled tangentially into a Vortex chamber 18 formed area of the distribution nozzle 6, wherein in the Vortex chamber 18 a swirling flow is generated by the Nozzle opening 9 emerges as a substantially conical jet.
  • the concrete one Design of the distribution nozzle 6 and the nozzle opening 9 is so chosen that for a given working pressure, for example of approx. 1 bar, enough large water drops are generated. It has shown, that it proves to be particularly advantageous, the nozzle opening 9 in essentially designed as an elongated hole, which of two semi-circular boundaries is limited. But also e.g. circular, oval or other shapes may be advantageous Limit nozzle opening 9.
  • Fig. 3 shows the same embodiment of the inventive Distribution nozzle 6 from the viewing direction F.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 is about the inlet axis E designed rotatable, so that the distribution nozzle 6 relative to the channel axis K can be fixed tilted at a predetermined angle ⁇ . So that can suitable choice of the angle of rotation ⁇ can be avoided that at a given working pressure that emerges from the nozzle 6 upwards conical coolant jet directly against an inner wall of the housing G is injected.
  • FIG. 4 also shows the embodiment according to FIG. 2, however from Looking direction C.
  • the nozzle opening 9 can e.g. in shape of an elongated hole with semicircular borders and is preferably arranged asymmetrically with respect to the nozzle body 8, whereby swirling of the fluid and thus additional drop formation is favored. Because the concrete shape of the cone 14 Coolant jet substantially determined by the shape of the nozzle opening 9 , it can be advantageous if the nozzle body 8 about the nozzle axis D is designed to be rotatable by an angle ⁇ .
  • Distribution nozzle 6 which is located in the vicinity of the housing G of the cooling tower T, so that a flat side of the cone 14 trained coolant jet of a closely adjacent wall 16 of the Housing G is facing and a wider side of the coolant jet one further away wall 16 is facing.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show a further exemplary embodiment of a distribution nozzle 6 of the distribution system 1 according to the invention.
  • This is a Distribution nozzle 6, in which the inlet body and the nozzle body in are arranged substantially parallel or in alignment with one another, i.e. the Angle ⁇ is approximately 0 °. Otherwise, this variant has all the features, such as they were explained above for the angled distribution nozzle 6 ( ⁇ ⁇ 0 °).
  • the nozzle body 8 can also be used in this embodiment variant tilted by an angle ⁇ against the channel axis K and the nozzle body 8 be rotated around the nozzle axis D by an angle ⁇ .
  • Fig. 6 shows that 5 from the viewing direction F.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a plan view of a cooling tower with a Distribution system 1 according to the invention, various possibilities of Arrangement of the distribution nozzles 6 on the distribution channel 3 are demonstrated.
  • the distribution nozzles 6 are in equidistant Distances, in each case on the side of the housing wall 16 facing the Distribution channel 3, arranged side by side.
  • the distribution channel 3 has at least three outlet openings 5 has, which are arranged at different distances from each other, so that two pairs of adjacent distribution nozzles have 6 different distances to each other.
  • Such an arrangement is in area II of FIG. 7 outlined.
  • the distribution channel 3 has at least two Has outlet openings 5, the shortest connecting line is not parallel runs to the channel axis K. This makes it e.g. possible that the nozzle body 8 arranged in different orientations with respect to the channel axis K. can be e.g. also opposite on distribution channel 3 may be appropriate. This can also result in the distribution of the fluid 2 in the housing G can be optimized.
  • the distribution nozzles of the distribution system according to the invention are close to the floor of the cooling tower, arranged essentially spraying upwards. each Distribution nozzle is aligned so that the side walls of the cooling tower not be sprayed, but at the same time available for cooling standing cooling tower interior is used as completely as possible.
  • the Distribution of the water in the cooling tower is by overlaying the Spray areas of the individual distribution nozzles can also be optimized. This is with the distribution system according to the invention a significant increase in Cooling capacity achievable. This is made possible for the first time by the Distribution nozzles can be freely pivoted around three independent axes are.
  • the distribution nozzles are preferably in the form of swirl chamber nozzles without internal ones Built-in structures in which a tangential entry of the A swirling flow is generated in a vortex chamber emerges through the nozzle opening as a substantially conical jet.
  • the special advantage of built-in nozzles is that they are also very strong coolants loaded with dirt loads can be sprayed effortlessly can, without massive deposits of the carried dirt loads are to be feared.
  • the geometry of the distribution nozzle and in particular the shape the nozzle opening, designed as an elongated hole with semicircular Boundaries, is in terms of operating parameters and cooling tower geometry optimized. This can minimize the required working pressure, which can in addition to the economy of the distribution system according to the invention contributes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP20030405036 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution Expired - Lifetime EP1340954B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20030405036 EP1340954B1 (fr) 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405140 2002-02-27
EP02405140 2002-02-27
EP20030405036 EP1340954B1 (fr) 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1340954A1 true EP1340954A1 (fr) 2003-09-03
EP1340954B1 EP1340954B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

Family

ID=27736065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20030405036 Expired - Lifetime EP1340954B1 (fr) 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution

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EP (1) EP1340954B1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100451532C (zh) * 2005-07-05 2009-01-14 上海良机冷却设备有限公司 立式流力冷却塔之喷管
WO2009149954A1 (fr) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Cts Cooling Tower Solutions Gmbh Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, en particulier pour tours de refroidissement
EP2650635A4 (fr) * 2010-12-08 2017-10-11 Sanhua (Hangzhou) Micro Channel Heat Exchanger Co. Ltd Dispositif de distribution de réfrigérant et échangeur de chaleur équipé d'un tel dispositif

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103033087A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 无锡永信能源科技有限公司 实现逆流式冷却塔变流下的均匀布水装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR618988A (fr) * 1926-06-29 1927-03-24 Tuyère pulvérisatrice de liquides
GB525500A (en) * 1939-02-22 1940-08-29 L G Mouchel & Partners Ltd Improvements in or relating to spraying nozzles suitable for water cooling towers
US3419251A (en) * 1965-06-21 1968-12-31 Us Stoneware Inc Distributor
FR1581810A (fr) * 1968-08-08 1969-09-19
US4085171A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-04-18 Bird Machine Company, Inc. Spray cooling system
WO1999044002A1 (fr) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 SHATININA, Anzhella Vladimirovna Tour de refroidissement

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR618988A (fr) * 1926-06-29 1927-03-24 Tuyère pulvérisatrice de liquides
GB525500A (en) * 1939-02-22 1940-08-29 L G Mouchel & Partners Ltd Improvements in or relating to spraying nozzles suitable for water cooling towers
US3419251A (en) * 1965-06-21 1968-12-31 Us Stoneware Inc Distributor
FR1581810A (fr) * 1968-08-08 1969-09-19
US4085171A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-04-18 Bird Machine Company, Inc. Spray cooling system
WO1999044002A1 (fr) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 SHATININA, Anzhella Vladimirovna Tour de refroidissement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100451532C (zh) * 2005-07-05 2009-01-14 上海良机冷却设备有限公司 立式流力冷却塔之喷管
WO2009149954A1 (fr) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Cts Cooling Tower Solutions Gmbh Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, en particulier pour tours de refroidissement
EP2650635A4 (fr) * 2010-12-08 2017-10-11 Sanhua (Hangzhou) Micro Channel Heat Exchanger Co. Ltd Dispositif de distribution de réfrigérant et échangeur de chaleur équipé d'un tel dispositif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1340954B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

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