EP1321427B1 - Telescopic boom - Google Patents

Abstract

The outrigger has opposed cylinder-piston systems (7,8), the extendable length of which is appreciably shorter than that of the inner boxes (3-6). One system can be coupled to and released from the inner boxes to be moved, so that each box, including the base box (2), can be locked and unlocked relative to the others.

Description

The invention relates to a telescopic boom, in particular a telescopic boom for a mobile crane, with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

Telescopic booms with hydraulic telescoping systems have been around for many years known. In DE-A-198 24 672 a crane with a telescopic boom described. The telescopic boom has a base box in which several Inner boxes are guided substantially coaxially with each other. The inner boxes can successively by a hydraulic cylinder / piston system optionally on and be extended. The hydraulic cylinder / piston system is here at one his two axial ends (foot area) fixed in the base box and with his extendable part by means of a coupling device to each to be moved Inner box can be coupled. This coupling device is also called backup and Locking unit called. The extendable part of the cylinder / piston system can optionally in the piston rod or in the hydraulic cylinder exist. The inner boxes may each be in their retracted and in their extended position by one of the locking and locking unit operable Verbolzungseinrichtung opposite the next larger inner box or (in the case of the outermost inner box) with the Basic box of the telescopic boom are locked mechanically, so no relative shift against each other is more possible. Immediately before the procedure an inner box is the Verbolzungseinrichtung after coupling the Locking and locking unit unlockable by the latter. The extension length of the hydraulic cylinder / piston system corresponds in this known solution of axial length of the longest inner box to be moved. In the extended Position is the length of the hydraulic cylinder / piston system thus virtually double so long. Since the extension of telescopic shots must be partially under load, There is a particular problem with regard to the buckling stiffness of the cylinder / piston system. This has a comparatively massive design with a corresponding high weight of this system result. The lowest possible weight for the Telescoping system is desirable, e.g. because of the limitation of permissible axle loads of a vehicle crane the highest possible proportion by weight for the Telescopic shots of the telescopic boom remains available to the largest possible To be able to realize the extension length. Opposite so-called fully hydraulic Telescoping systems, which is an extremely heavy duty hydraulic cylinder / piston system have as drive, in this telescopic boom, the time required for the extension the inner boxes about twice as high because the extension movement is not fully continuous is, but after every stroke, with an inner box is extended by the cylinder / piston system first again an idle stroke in the sense of a Return movement to the starting position must be carried out to the next Interior box to be able to grab.

From DE-A-198 24 671 is a telescope boom designed largely similar known, which is essentially characterized by the above-described telescopic boom differentiates that used for telescoping hydraulic cylinder / piston system has a length that is only about half the length of the longest to be traveled inner box corresponds. In this solution, the piston rod of the Cylinder / piston system hinged in the foot area of the base box, so that the Cylinder forms the extendable part of the cylinder / piston system. The cylinder is in In this case, it has two locking and locking units, of which one at the top and the other at the bottom axial end of the cylinder. The Austeleskopieren the einzeeen inner boxes is in contrast to the Telescopic boom according to DE-A-198 24 672 in this solution not in a single Step, but in two steps. To extend, the lower is first Locking and locking unit actuated and the respective inner box to about its half extended extension extended and locked in this intermediate position. Then the cylinder returns to its original position. Once this is reached, the upper securing and locking unit is in a position about the position of the lower locking and locking unit at the end of first extension step corresponds. The second security and locking unit is Starting position back to the lower security and locking unit grab the next inner box. The time required for the extension of an inner box in this telescopic boom almost the same size as in the telescopic boom according to DE-A-198 24 672. The advantage of this solution is to be seen in the fact that the length of the hydraulic cylinder / piston system is halved and thereby for the entire hydraulic cylinder / piston system also due to the gain in buckling stiffness through the shortened length (possibility for cross-sectional reduction) a drastic Weight reduction is achieved.

A similar solution with a hydraulic cylinder / piston system with an axial Length, which is about half the axial length of an inner box auszufahrenden is known from EP-A-1 072 554, which corresponds to the preamble of independent claim 1. There is only one Locking and locking unit used. However, this is designed so that it is releasably connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic Zyiinder / piston system. This makes it possible, the locking and locking unit at the end of the first Partial strokes of an extension movement for an inner box in the position reached leave to decouple from the cylinder, the cylinder then in his Move back home position and then the locking and locking unit Reconnect the upper end of the retracted cylinder to the second Partial stroke of the extension movement to realize. Although this solution brings a saving in terms of the number of locking and locking units to be provided, but requires an additional effort for the detachable coupling of the only Locking and locking unit to the cylinder. In terms of necessity a Leerhubs and thus on the extension of the extension movement of the inner boxes arise over the solution according to DE-A-198 24 671 no differences.

Object of the present invention is to provide a telescopic boom further develop generic type such that at the lowest possible Weight for the drive system The time for the extension of an inner box in his maximum extension position is significantly shortened.

This problem is solved starting from a telescopic boom with the in The preamble of claim 1 features mentioned by the characterizing Features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

The present invention is based on a telescopic boom, in particular for Mobile cranes is provided and has a base box in which one or more Inner boxes are guided substantially coaxially with each other. These inner boxes are successively by a first hydraulic cylinder / piston system either on or extendable, with this hydraulic cylinder / piston system on one of its two axial ends (foot region, i.e. lower in the working position of the telescopic boom End) is fixed in the base box and with its extendable part by means of a Locking and locking unit to the respective inner box to be moved can be coupled. The respective inner box is in its retracted and in its extended position in each case by one of the locking and locking unit operable Verbolzungseinrichtung compared to the next larger inner box mechanically lockable, so that then no relative displacement between the Inner boxes can be done more. The outermost inner box can be in his extended position relative to the base box by means of the safety and Locking device can be locked and unlocked. To the time required for the To reduce extension of the inner boxes, the invention provides that in parallel to the first hydraulic cylinder / piston system a second hydraulic cylinder / piston system is arranged, which is also with one of its two axial ends in Base box is fixed and with its extendable part by means of a coupling device on the outermost inner box on and can be decoupled. These two cylinder / piston systems are by an appropriate (preferably electronic) control in Counter run operable. According to the invention it is provided that the extendable length of the each cylinder / piston systems each is significantly smaller than the extendable length of the respective inner box. This is offset by a significant weight reduction Fully hydraulic telescopic system or even with single cylinder systems given whose cylinder length is about the length of each auszufahrenden Telescope shots corresponds. Another important feature is the fact that the respective inner box by means of the second hydraulic cylinder / piston system together with all possibly still existing larger inner boxes, the so not yet telescoped, from the retracted position over a first section the entire extendable length of the respective inner box movable and subsequently by means of the first hydraulic cylinder / piston system after Coupling of its locking and locking unit via a second section the entire extendable length of the respective inner box to its desired End position can be moved and locked there, wherein at the same time, if necessary still existing larger inner boxes together with the largest Inner box coupled second cylinder / piston system in the retracted position (Starting position) are traversable and in the case of extension of the largest, ie of the outermost inner box the second hydraulic cylinder / piston system with its Coupling device after coupling the securing and locking unit of first cylinder / piston system can be decoupled from the outermost inner box.

The Austeleskopieren the individual shots thus takes place in the form that by the second cylinder / piston system in each telescoping first the entire Package of inner boxes is moved relative to the base box to the outside via a Section of the maximum extension path until a position is reached at which the Locking and locking unit of the first cylinder / piston system to the smallest each not yet in the desired manner austeleskopierten inner box to unlock it and to further push it out until the for this inner box desired extension position is reached and locked. While this movement over the second part of the extension movement becomes the rest Package of not yet telescoped telescopic shots from the second Cylinder-piston unit moved back to its original position. As a result of As a result, caused relative movement of each of the safety and Locking unit seized interior box together with all already austeleskopierten smaller inner boxes compared to the next larger inner box with a correspondingly enlarged (generally doubled) Telescoping speed extended. It is a matter of course pulsating extension of the individual inner boxes with respect to the state of the Technology significantly increased telescoping speed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided the extendable length of the two cylinder / piston systems each significantly smaller than the extendable length of the respective inner box. Preferably, the extendible length of the two cylinder / piston systems in the range of about 40% - 60%, in particular at about 50% of the largest extendable length of an inner box.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the invention provides that the two ZylinderlKolben systems have different diameters, so on different hydraulic power are designed. Basically, the two can Cylinder / piston systems are arranged horizontally next to each other, but there in the General the profile cross sections of telescopic extenders in vertical direction (height) are larger than in the horizontal direction (width), it is recommended, the two Cylinder / piston systems with respect to the load plane of the telescopic boom on top of each other to arrange, preferably the first cylinder / piston system with the smaller Diameter above the second cylinder / piston system with the larger diameter. To reduce the deflection especially in the extended state recommends Moreover, the two cylinder / piston systems via slide rails support each other.

It can be provided, the cylinder / piston systems each with its cylinder in the Base box to fix and the piston rod as a moving part of the cylinder / piston system to work. This brings advantages in terms of attachment of the Supply lines for the pressure medium supply of the hydraulic cylinder. The reverse Of course arrangement is also possible and brings advantages in other respects.

Fig. 1 einen axialen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopauslegers mit übereinander angeordneten Zylinder/Kolben-Systemen,

Fig. 2 einen axialen Querschnitt durch den Teleskopausleger gemäß Figur 1 und

Fig. 3 den Teleskopausleger gemäß Fig. 1 in unterschiedlichen Arbeitspositionen während eines Telekopiervorgangs.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in schematic form in the figures. Show it:

1 shows an axial longitudinal section through a telescopic boom according to the invention with superposed cylinder / piston systems,

Fig. 2 shows an axial cross section through the telescopic boom according to Figure 1 and

Fig. 3 shows the telescopic boom of FIG. 1 in different working positions during a telecopying process.

In Fig. 1, an inventive telescopic boom 1 is fully retracted State shown. It has a base box 2 by a total of four telescopic inner boxes 3 - 6 are slidably guided into each other. At the left end of the innermost inner box 3 is a equipped with pulleys head 31 of the Telescopic boom 1 arranged over which a not shown hoist rope are guided can. At the bottom of the ground box 2, which at its right end (foot area) a pivot bearing 18 for adjusting the inclination of the telescopic boom 1, is a bearing 11 is mounted, which is the pivot point for a not shown hydraulic Wippzyfinder for moving the telescopic boom 1 in his Working position forms. The inner boxes 3 - 5 are in the retracted position respectively about arranged in the foot area locking bolt 22, 22 ', 22 "with the next larger inner box 4-6 mechanically locked. The locking bolts 22 - 22 "are located at the top of the boom profile To be able to fix extensions in different positions are in the inner boxes and provided in the base box locking holes for the locking bolt, the e.g. at 45%, 90% and 100% of the permissible extension length of the respective inner boxes are positioned as shown in Fig. 1 by corresponding arrows with the associated Figures are indicated. For Austeleskopieren the inner boxes are two superimposed hydraulic cylinder / piston systems 7, 8 are provided. The Length of the cylinder / piston systems 7, 8 is in the retracted state at about the half length of the basic box 2. The arrangement of the cylinder / piston systems 7, 8 is in particular also be removed from FIG. 2, the example of a section across the Longitudinal axis of the telescopic boom through the base box 2 and the largest Inner box 6 shows. The inner box 6 is over the partially only schematically indicated lubricated sliding bearings 27 and 28 slidably guided in the base box 2. The lower cylinder / piston system 7 has a cylinder 9 and a piston rod 10 and is by means of a fastening 17 which at the right end of the piston rod 10th is arranged, fixed in the foot region of the base box 2. The extendable part of the Cylinder / piston system 7 thus exists in the cylinder 9. At the left end of the cylinder 9 is attached to a support roller 30 through which the cylinder / piston system 7 during the Extension on the inside of the inner boxes 3 - 6 can support, so it does not Tilts at the transitions between two extended inner boxes comes. in the Foot region of the cylinder / piston system 7 is an example hydraulically actuatable coupling device 29 is provided, by means of which the lower (right) end of the Cylinder 9 of the cylinder / piston system 7 coupled to the outermost inner box 6 can be. This is shown in Fig. 2 in more detail. You can see that outward movable, opposite coupling elements 21 in Ankoppelöffnungen 24th can engage in the intermediate wall-like fittings 23 of the inner box. 6 are provided. After coupling the coupling device 29, therefore, the entire Package of inner boxes, of which in Fig. 2, only the outermost inner box. 6 is shown, are pushed out of the base box 2. Between the two Cylinder / piston systems 7, 8 slide rails 26 are arranged, on which the upper cylinder / piston system 8, which is a slightly smaller diameter than the lower one Cylinder / piston system 7 has, can support on the latter. The top Cylinder / piston system 8 is also with its piston rod 14 via a fastening 16 fixed in the footer of the base box 2, so that its cylinder 13 the extendable Part represents. At the left end, so at the head of the cylinder 13 is a Sicherungsund Locking unit 12 attached. This is, as can be seen from Fig. 2, as well as the coupling device 29 in a position to a drive technology coupling between the cylinder 13 and each to be traversed inner boxes 3 - 6 produce. For this has the locking and locking unit 12 on the one hand via bolt-like Ankoppelelemente 20, which in corresponding Ankoppelöffnungen 25 in the between wall-like fittings 23, for example, the inner box 6 can be latched. In the other inner boxes 3 - 5 are corresponding internals and Ankoppelöffnungen intended. On the other hand, the locking and locking unit 12 has over a gripper 19 activatable by means of an actuator 15 (e.g., hydraulically), with which the for the respective inner box (in Fig. 2, the inner box 6) for mechanical Lock provided locking pin 22 can be locked and unlocked.

The operation of the telescopic boom according to the invention is of the individual Representations of Fig. 3, which represent different stages of the extension process, in individual closer to each other. This will be explained below starting from the upper part of the picture to the bottom Teitbild explained in more detail.

The upper illustration of Fig. 3 shows the telescopic boom 1, after the Coupling device 29 of the cylinder / piston system 7 to the outermost inner box. 6 has coupled and this together with the interlocked another Inner boxes 3 - 5 about half the length of the base box 2 in one position in which the securing and locking unit 12 of the upper Cylinder / piston system 8 can be coupled to the innermost inner box 3. As soon as this coupling is done is on the gripper 19 of the safety and Locking unit 12 of the associated locking pin 22 solved and the Inner box 3 extended by the movement of the cylinder 13 to the left. simultaneously the cylinder 9 of the lower cylinder / piston system 7, which continues to the outermost inner box 6 remains docked, again to the right in the original Move home position (retracted position). This will also the Inner boxes 4, 5, 6 in a similar manner again moved to the right. This has to Result that during the return movement of the cylinder / piston system 7 of the Inner box 3 relative to the next larger inner box 4 with the sum of Speeds of traversing movements of the two hydraulic cylinder / piston systems is extended. The final stage of this extension step, which is in the complete extension of the inner box 3 is in the second illustration of reproduced above. The third view from above shows the next exit step, which is similar to the uppermost representation in that the outermost inner box 6 with all other inner boxes in turn via the cylinder / piston system. 7 is moved to the left. Once the position for coupling the fuse and Locking unit 12 to the already extended inner box. 3 next larger inner box 4 is reached, the coupling takes place to the now Inner box 4 with the help of the upper cylinder / piston system 8 extend to the left, at the same time again the other larger inner boxes 5 and 6 to the right be withdrawn. The beginning of the second half of this second extension step is in the third image and the end of the second extension step in the fourth image from above shown. In this situation, so the two inner boxes 3 and 4 are already complete extended. In a corresponding manner, the inner box 5 is extended. The The fifth picture from above again shows the transfer of an inner box, in this case the outermost inner box 6 to the locking and locking unit 12. So this Inner box 6 can also be fully extended, but now has the lower Cylinder / piston system 7 are decoupled.

As a result, the telescoping movement of the telescopic boom according to the invention leads to a nearly continuous extension movement of the boom head 31, so that very short telescoping times can be guaranteed. Because of the comparatively short overall lengths of the used cylinder / piston systems, the weight for the Actuators of the telescopic boom are significantly reduced.

COVERS LIST:

1 telescopic boom 2 basic box 3 inner box 4 inner box 5 inner box 6 inner box 7 second hydraulic cylinder / piston system 8th first hydraulic cylinder / piston system 9 cylinder 10 piston rod 11 camp 12 Locking and locking unit 13 cylinder 14 piston rod 15 Operation for gripper 16 Attachment to the base of the ground box 17 Attachment to the base of the ground box 18 pivot bearing 19 grab 20 coupling element 21 coupling element 22 locking bolt 23 fixtures 24 Ankoppelöffnung 25 Ankoppelöffnung 26 slide 27 bearings 28 bearings 29 coupling device 30 support roller 31 Head with pulleys

Claims (8)

1. A telescopic boom, especially a telescopic boom (1) for a mobile crane, having a base section (2), in which one or more inner sections (3-6) are guided substantially coaxially one inside the other, which may be optionally extended or retracted one after the other by a first hydraulic piston/cylinder system (8), the first hydraulic piston/cylinder system (8) being fixed at one of its two axial ends (foot area) in the base section (2) and being capable of being coupled with its extendable part by means of a securing and locking unit (12) to the inner section (3-6) in each case to be displaced and the respective inner section (3-6) being capable of being locked mechanically relative to the next larger inner section (4-6) in its retracted and its extended position in each case by a bolting means actuatable by the securing and locking unit (12) and of being unlocked immediately prior to displacement after coupling has been performed, and the outermost inner section (6) being capable of being locked and unlocked in its extended position relative to the base section (2) by means of the securing and locking unit (12),
   characterised in that

   a second hydraulic piston/cylinder system (7) is arranged parallel to the first hydraulic piston/cylinder system (8), which second system (7) is likewise fixed with one of its two axial ends in the base section (2) and may be coupled to and uncoupled from the outermost inner section (6) via its extendable part by means of a coupling means (29),

   the two piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) may be operated in opposite directions,

   the extendable length of the two piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) is in each case markedly smaller than the extendable length of the respective inner section (3-6) and

   the respective inner section (3-6) may be displaced by means of the second hydraulic piston/cylinder system together with all the larger inner sections (4-6) optionally still present out of the retracted position over a first portion of the overall extendable length of the respective inner section (3-6) and then displaced by means of the first hydraulic piston/cylinder system (8) after coupling on of the securing and locking unit (12) thereof over a second portion of the overall extendable length of the respective inner section (3-6) as far as into its desired end position and locked therein, wherein the larger inner sections (4-6) which are optionally still present may be moved back simultaneously together with the second piston/cylinder system (7) coupled to the largest inner section (6) into the retracted position (starting position) and, in the event of extension of the largest (outermost) inner section (6), the second hydraulic piston/cylinder system (7) with its coupling means (29) may be uncoupled from the outermost inner section (6) after coupling on of the securing and locking unit (12) of the first piston/cylinder system (8).
2. A telescopic boom according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the extendable length of the two piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) is in the range of from 40% to 60% of the largest extendable length of an inner section (3-6), especially 50% of this length.
3. A telescopic boom according to either one of claims 1 to 2,
   characterised in that
   the two piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) are designed for different telescoping forces, in particular in that they have different diameters.
4. A telescopic boom according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the two piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) are arranged above one another relative to the load plane of the telescopic boom (1).
5. A telescopic boom according to either one of claims 3 to 4,
   characterised in that
   the first piston/cylinder system (8) has the smaller diameter.
6. A telescopic boom according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
   characterised in that
   the first piston/cylinder system (8) is arranged above the second piston/cylinder system (7).
7. A telescopic boom according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that
   the two piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) are supported on one another, especially via slide rails (26).
8. A telescopic boom according to any one of claims 3 to 7,
   characterised in that
   the piston/cylinder systems (7, 8) are each fixed with their cylinder (9, 13) in the base section (2) and the piston rod (10, 14) forms the movable part of the piston/cylinder system.

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