EP1318281A2 - Aktiver Schalldämpfer für Abgasanlagen - Google Patents
Aktiver Schalldämpfer für Abgasanlagen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1318281A2 EP1318281A2 EP02018051A EP02018051A EP1318281A2 EP 1318281 A2 EP1318281 A2 EP 1318281A2 EP 02018051 A EP02018051 A EP 02018051A EP 02018051 A EP02018051 A EP 02018051A EP 1318281 A2 EP1318281 A2 EP 1318281A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- silencer according
- machine
- stroke
- drive device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000763 evoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
- F01N1/065—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active silencer to dampen airborne noise that a machine with a rotating drive shaft generated depending on their speed, with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- Silencers of this type are mainly used in exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, in particular of motor vehicles, used to reduce the noise emissions of internal combustion engines or the vehicles in the area. It is also known to have silencers in the intake area to arrange the internal combustion engines.
- Such active silencers are for example from the US 5,336,856, US 5,432,857, EP 0 916 817 A2, DE 196 10 292 A1 and DE 197 51 596 A1 are known and have a hollow body, the at least one movable wall for generating Contains counter-sound and via a connection to a Guidance of the conduit suitable for airborne noise is acoustically coupled. Furthermore, there is a drive device provided for moving the movable wall. at the known devices is the movable wall formed by a membrane of a loudspeaker that with Using an electromagnetic actuator to generate the desired counter noise can be excited.
- the well-known silencers each have a sensor e.g.
- the present invention addresses the problem for an active silencer of the type mentioned to provide an improved embodiment, in particular a reduced susceptibility to that in an internal combustion engine prevailing operating conditions.
- the invention is based on the general idea of Moving wall used to generate the counter sound to form a bottom of a piston in a cylinder space stroke adjustable is arranged or stored. hereby the result is a robust structure, which in particular enables the silencer according to the invention in the exhaust system to arrange an internal combustion engine. Of special It is important here that the active according to the invention Muffler does not need speakers.
- the stroke movement of the piston it is possible to do the stroke movement of the piston to design that only a single counter-sound frequency is generated. Further training is advisable at the stroke movement is designed so that the piston at least which excites two different counter-sound frequencies two different interference frequencies can be damped.
- the second interference frequency expediently forms a harmonic the first interference frequency.
- the silencer is particularly easy Structure that can be realized inexpensively.
- an amplitude control device for adjusting the amplitude of the counter sound be that has a control element that is dependent its actuation the acoustic coupling over the connection between the cylinder chamber and the airborne Pipe more or less steamed.
- the Stroke of the piston for maximum silencer performance designed and independent of the required damping performance are constant.
- the amplitude control device can then match the damper performance to the moment required power can be adjusted in which the two opposing sound fields stronger or weaker be coupled.
- the amplitude control device can preferably control the control member depending on the machine speed and / or the Operate machine power.
- the piston can the drive device with the drive shaft of the machine be connected to the drive.
- the silencer according to the invention particularly builds simple and robust.
- the stroke frequency of the piston is appropriate chosen so that it is n times the rotational frequency of the drive shaft is.
- the ignition processes are usually symmetrical distributed over the drive shaft rotation angle so that this embodiment automatically to a counter sound frequency leads, which is equal to that generated by the ignition processes Interference frequency.
- a 4-cylinder four-stroke engine comes there are two ignition processes during a crankshaft revolution, so that the stroke frequency thus twice the rotational frequency the crankshaft is.
- With a 6-cylinder four-stroke engine there are three ignition processes per crankshaft revolution, so that the stroke frequency of the piston is accordingly three times Crankshaft frequency is.
- FIG. 1 shows a very simplified schematic diagram of a silencer according to the invention.
- the silencer 1 shows a preferred application of an inventive active silencer 1 explained in detail, namely for Attenuation of airborne sound in an exhaust line 2 of an internal combustion engine 3.
- the silencer 1 has at least a hollow body, which forms a cylinder space 4.
- a piston 5 is supported so that it can be lifted which is indicated by a double arrow 6.
- a floor 7 of the piston 5 forms a movable in the cylinder space 4 Wall.
- the hollow body 4 or the cylinder space 4 is acoustically coupled to a line 9 via a connection 8.
- This line 9 forms a line of the exhaust line 2 and performs in the operation of the internal combustion engine 3 the airborne noise to be damped.
- the silencer 1 has a drive device 10 for Moving the piston 5.
- the embodiment is the piston 5 via the drive device 10 with a drive shaft 11 of the internal combustion engine 3 drive connected.
- the drive device contains 10 a crank mechanism 12, the incoming rotary movement the drive shaft 11 in an outgoing bidirectional Stroke movement of the piston 5 converts.
- the gear ratio is preferred of the gear 13 at all machine speeds constant. Accordingly, the stroke frequency results the piston 5 has a constant ratio to the rotational frequency or the speed of the drive shaft 11 or the machine 3.
- the Silencer 1 is an amplitude control device 14 for adjusting the amplitude of the piston 5 generated counter noise.
- This amplitude control device 14 has a control member 15, here in the form of a butterfly valve is designed.
- the control member 15 can with Be actuated with the aid of an actuator 16.
- the control member 15 is arranged in the area of connection 8 and can be dependent its actuation the sound fields in the cylinder room 4 and couple more or less in line 9.
- the control member 15 is useful depending on the engine speed and / or the machine power operated.
- the amplitude control device 14 comprises one Control 17, which has a corresponding control line 18 actuates the control element actuator 16.
- a pedal angle 20 of an accelerator pedal 21 be tapped because the pedal position is usually with correlates the power requirement of the internal combustion engine 3.
- a throttle valve 22 to tap that in an intake tract 23 of the internal combustion engine 3 is arranged.
- the control member 15 via a corresponding linkage to couple directly to the throttle valve 22 to one of the Machine performance-dependent actuation of the control member 15 to reach.
- control element actuator 16 this can as electrical or electromagnetic or hydraulic or pneumatic or mechanical actuator 16 be of the appropriate type with the control member 15 is connected to the drive.
- the control member 15 is comparatively low temperature loads exposed since it is not from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 3 is flowed through. Furthermore, must it only react relatively slowly since it is only at speed and Load changes, but not the time course of the sound pressure level must follow. Well known and proven Control elements 15 and actuators 16 are used.
- the Internal combustion engine 3 for example, a 4-cylinder four-stroke engine, of the two firings per revolution has its drive shaft 11.
- the gear 13 is then like this designed that the piston 5 has a stroke frequency, the twice the rotational frequency of the drive shaft 11 is.
- This relationship remains at all machine speeds 3 received, whereby the by the ignition processes in the Internal combustion engine 3 generated main noise at each Speed automatically dampened with the right counter sound can be. It is clear that this is positioning the connection 8 and the positive coupling between the Drive shaft 11 and the piston 5 matched to each other are that in the area of the coupling of the counter noise in line 9 a phase overlay of the counter noise results with the noise to be damped, whereby the noise can be dampened to a greater or lesser extent.
- the mechanical power required to drive the piston 5 is relatively small because the piston 5 is only comparatively must generate low pressures. Furthermore, the seal of the piston 5 compared to the cylinder chamber 4 is not high Requirements met. For example, an existing one Annular gap between piston 5 and cylinder chamber 4 is too cause an acoustic short circuit, but this is open very low frequencies are limited, reducing the mode of operation of the silencer according to the invention not or only slightly is affected. These reduced requirements to the tightness allow friction loss between Reduce piston 5 and cylinder space 4.
- moving parts such as e.g. the piston and a connecting rod 24 made of plastic getting produced.
- connection is 8 open between the cylinder space 4 and the line 9, to realize an intensive acoustic coupling. If the environmental conditions permit, the Connection 8 also, for example, with a flexible membrane be sealed gas-tight. The generated by the piston 5 Vibrations can then cross the membrane into line 9 be coupled. The actuator 15 can be influenced the coupling then suitably cooperate with the membrane.
- the silencer 1 for damping of airborne noise in exhaust line 2 of particular importance is, the silencer 1 can also be used for damping of airborne sound are used in the intake tract 23.
- the silencer 1 can, for example several cylinder spaces 4 and pistons 5 may be provided work in parallel.
- different pistons with different Stroke frequencies work at different frequencies dampen in airborne noise.
- crank mechanism leads 12 to a sinusoidal stroke movement of the piston 5.
- sinusoidal piston movement can only ever have one interference frequency be dampened.
- the drive device 10 can also have a different lifting movement can be shown for the piston 5, for example allows two or more interference frequencies to be generated simultaneously attenuate.
- the ignition processes main interference frequency generated in the internal combustion engine 3 as well as one or more harmonics to dampen the main interference frequency with the silencer 1.
- the piston 5 is also Using the drive device 10 mechanically with the drive shaft 11 of the internal combustion engine 3 coupled.
- the drive means 10 a driven independently of the drive shaft 11 Piston actuator can have that for stroke actuation of the piston 5 is connected to this drive.
- a appropriate control e.g. the control 17, operated then this piston actuator depending on the speed of the Drive shaft 11.
- the speed of the drive shaft 11 in modern internal combustion engines 3 in a corresponding motor control can be called up.
- the drive device 10 via a suitable sensor system Determine the current speed of the drive shaft 11.
- a piston actuator which is independent of the drive shaft 11, e.g.
- the silencer 1 in the embodiment shown here for damping the airborne noise of an internal combustion engine 3 is used is the invention Silencer 1 in principle on any machine can be used with a rotating drive shaft that depends their speed produces the airborne noise to be damped.
- the silencer 1 according to the invention therefore with a pump, a compressor or a Compressor are used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1
- Schalldämpfer
- 2
- Abgasstrang
- 3
- Verbrennungskraftmaschine
- 4
- Zylinderraum/Hohlkörper
- 5
- Kolben
- 6
- Hubrichtung
- 7
- Boden/Wand
- 8
- Verbindung
- 9
- Leitung.
- 10
- Antriebseinrichtung
- 11
- Antriebswelle
- 12
- Kurbeltrieb
- 13
- Getriebe
- 14
- Amplitudensteuereinrichtung
- 15
- Steuerglied
- 16
- Steuergliedaktuator
- 17
- Steuerung
- 18
- Steuerleitung
- 19
- Signalleitung
- 20
- Pedalwinkel
- 21
- Gaspedal
- 22
- Drosselklappe
- 23
- Ansaugstrang
- 24
- Pleuelstange
Claims (15)
- Aktiver Schalldämpfer zum Dämpfen von Luftschall, den eine Maschine (3) mit einer rotierenden Antriebswelle (11) in Abhängigkeit ihrer Drehzahl erzeugt, mit wenigstens einem Hohlkörper (4), der wenigstens eine bewegliche Wand (6) zur Erzeugung von Gegenschall enthält und über eine Verbindung (8) mit einer zur Führung des zu dämpfenden Luftschalls geeigneten Leitung (9) akustisch gekoppelt ist, und mit einer Antriebseinrichtung (10) zum Bewegen der beweglichen Wand (6),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die bewegliche Wand durch einen Boden (6) eines Kolbens (5) gebildet ist und daß der Hohlkörper durch einen Zylinderraum (4) gebildet ist, in dem der Kolben (5) hubverstellbar angeordnet ist. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) den Kolben (5) so bewegt, daß die Hubfrequenz des Kolbens (5) in einem konstanten Verhältnis zur Drehzahl oder Drehfrequenz der Maschine (3) steht. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) den Kolben (5) so bewegt, daß die Hubbewegung des Kolbens (5) Gegenschall zur Bedämpfung einer oder mehrerer von der Maschinendrehzahl abhängigen Störfrequenz(en) erzeugt. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) den Kolben (5) bei allen Hubfrequenzen mit einem konstanten Hub bewegt. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Amplitudensteuereinrichtung (14) zum Einstellen der Amplitude des Gegenschalls vorgesehen ist, die ein Steuerglied (15) aufweist, das in Abhängigkeit seiner Betätigung die beiden gegeneinander wirkenden Schallfelder über die Verbindung (8) mehr oder weniger akustisch koppelt. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitudensteuereinrichtung (14) das Steuerglied (15) in Abhängigkeit der Maschinendrehzahl und/oder der Maschinenleistung betätigt. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Betätigung des Steuerglieds (15) ein elektrischer oder elektromagnetischer oder hydraulischer oder pneumatischer oder mechanischer Steuergliedaktuator (16) vorgesehen ist, der mit dem Steuerglied (15) antriebsverbunden ist. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben (5) über die Antriebseinrichtung (10) mit der Antriebswelle (11) der Maschine (3) antriebsverbunden ist. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) ein Getriebe (13) enthält, das die Maschinendrehzahl bei allen Maschinendrehzahlen mit einem konstanten Übersetzungsverhältnis in die Hubfrequenz des Kolbens (5) übersetzt. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) einen Kurbeltrieb (12) aufweist, der eine von der Antriebswelle (11) abgenommene eingangsseitige Drehbewegung in eine ausgangsseitige bidirektionale Hubbewegung des Kolbens (5) umwandelt. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) einen elektrischen oder elektromagnetischen oder hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Kolbenaktuator aufweist, der mit dem Kolben (5) antriebsverbunden ist, und daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) eine Steuerung aufweist, die den Kolbenaktuator in Abhängigkeit der Maschinendrehzahl betätigt. - Schalldämpfer nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (10) eine Sensorik aufweist, die ein mit der Maschinendrehzahl korreliertes Signal ermittelt. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einer als Kolbenmotor ausgebildeten Maschine (3) mit n Zündvorgängen pro Umdrehung der Antriebswelle (11) die Hubfrequenz des Kolbens (5) das n-fache der Drehfrequenz der Antriebswelle (11) ist. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Maschine (3) eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, ein Kompressor, eine Pumpe oder ein Verdichter ist. - Schalldämpfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einer als Verbrennungskraftmaschine ausgebildeten Maschine (3) die zur Führung des zu bedämpfenden Luftschalls geeignete Leitung (9) durch den Abgasstrang (2) oder den Ansaugstrang (23) der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (3) gebildet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10159487 | 2001-12-04 | ||
DE2001159487 DE10159487C1 (de) | 2001-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | Aktiver Schalldämpfer für Abgasanlagen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1318281A2 true EP1318281A2 (de) | 2003-06-11 |
EP1318281A3 EP1318281A3 (de) | 2004-01-07 |
EP1318281B1 EP1318281B1 (de) | 2005-08-31 |
Family
ID=7707965
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020018051 Expired - Lifetime EP1318281B1 (de) | 2001-12-04 | 2002-08-13 | Aktiver Schalldämpfer für Abgasanlagen |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1318281B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10159487C1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005011747B3 (de) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-06-29 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Aktiver Abgasschalldämpfer |
DE102005019459B3 (de) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-07-13 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Aktiver Ansaugschalldämpfer |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5336856A (en) | 1992-07-07 | 1994-08-09 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Electronic muffler assembly with exhaust bypass |
US5432857A (en) | 1990-04-25 | 1995-07-11 | Ford Motor Company | Dual bandpass secondary source |
DE19610292A1 (de) | 1995-03-15 | 1996-09-19 | Unisia Jecs Corp | Aktive Geräuschreduzierungsvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit Eigenantrieb |
EP0916817A2 (de) | 1997-11-18 | 1999-05-19 | LEISTRITZ AG & CO. Abgastechnik | Aktiver Schalldämpfer |
DE19751596A1 (de) | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-02 | Leistritz Abgastech | Aktiver Schalldämpfer |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU850875A1 (ru) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-07-30 | За витель | Устройство дл глушени шума в воздуховоде |
GB2253076B (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1994-08-03 | Lotus Car | Method and apparatus for attenuating acoustic vibrations in a medium |
JP2820347B2 (ja) * | 1992-02-26 | 1998-11-05 | 日立造船株式会社 | ダクト内騒音の消音用音圧発生装置 |
JP2000130145A (ja) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-09 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 能動消音装置 |
-
2001
- 2001-12-04 DE DE2001159487 patent/DE10159487C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-08-13 DE DE50204073T patent/DE50204073D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-13 EP EP20020018051 patent/EP1318281B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5432857A (en) | 1990-04-25 | 1995-07-11 | Ford Motor Company | Dual bandpass secondary source |
US5336856A (en) | 1992-07-07 | 1994-08-09 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Electronic muffler assembly with exhaust bypass |
DE19610292A1 (de) | 1995-03-15 | 1996-09-19 | Unisia Jecs Corp | Aktive Geräuschreduzierungsvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit Eigenantrieb |
EP0916817A2 (de) | 1997-11-18 | 1999-05-19 | LEISTRITZ AG & CO. Abgastechnik | Aktiver Schalldämpfer |
DE19751596A1 (de) | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-02 | Leistritz Abgastech | Aktiver Schalldämpfer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50204073D1 (de) | 2005-10-06 |
EP1318281B1 (de) | 2005-08-31 |
EP1318281A3 (de) | 2004-01-07 |
DE10159487C1 (de) | 2003-02-20 |
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