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EP1309734A1 - Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel - Google Patents

Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel

Info

Publication number
EP1309734A1
EP1309734A1 EP02732754A EP02732754A EP1309734A1 EP 1309734 A1 EP1309734 A1 EP 1309734A1 EP 02732754 A EP02732754 A EP 02732754A EP 02732754 A EP02732754 A EP 02732754A EP 1309734 A1 EP1309734 A1 EP 1309734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
strip
cold
production
sheet according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02732754A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1309734B1 (en
EP1309734B2 (en
Inventor
Harald Hofmann
Bernhard Engl
Manfred Menne
Thomas Heller
Werner Zimmermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
ThyssenKrupp Steel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG, ThyssenKrupp Steel AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
Publication of EP1309734A1 publication Critical patent/EP1309734A1/en
Publication of EP1309734B1 publication Critical patent/EP1309734B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1309734B2 publication Critical patent/EP1309734B2/en
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Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an Fe-Mn-Al-Si light steel with carbon and a steel strip or sheet with good cold formability and higher strength.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing strips from such a steel and particularly suitable uses of such a steel.
  • a light steel used for the production of body components and for low-temperature use is known from DE 197 27 759 C2.
  • Fe contains 10% to 30% Mn, 1% to 8% Al and 1 to 6% Si, the sum of the contents of Al and Si not exceeding 12%.
  • carbon is at most contained in the contamination area.
  • carbon is provided as an optional alloy element.
  • the known light steel has> 7% to 27% Mn,> 1% to 10% Al,> 0.7% to 4% Si, ⁇ 0.5% C, ⁇ 10% Cr, ⁇ 10% Ni and ⁇ 0, 3% Cu.
  • the steel can contain N, V, Nb, Ti, P, the sum of these elements not exceeding 2%.
  • the light steel known from EP 1 067 203 AI also contains carbon, namely 0.001 to 1.6%. In addition to Fe 6 - 30% Mn, ⁇ 6% A1, ⁇ 2.5% Si, ⁇ 10% Cr, ⁇ 10% Ni and ⁇ 5% Cu.
  • V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr and rare earths can be contained in the steel, the sum of their contents not exceeding 3%.
  • the known steel may include P, Sn, Sb, and As, the sum of the contents of these elements should not be greater than 0.2%.
  • a method for producing gear parts by pressure rolling is known from DE 197 24 661 C2.
  • a microalloy is made high-strength structural steel, which has a lower yield strength of at least 500 N / mm 2 , is formed from a sheet metal into a blank. This blank is then cold formed into the gear by spinning rolls. In the course of forming the toothing, the sheet metal material is formed to the limit of its forming capacity. Subsequently, a surface of the workpiece provided with the toothing is hardened essentially without heat distortion while maintaining the temperature.
  • the object of the invention is, based on the above-described prior art, to provide a light steel or a steel strip or sheet produced therefrom with good deformability and good strength, which can also be easily produced on an industrial scale.
  • a method for producing a steel strip or sheet and preferred uses for the steel are to be specified.
  • a light steel which has the following composition (in% by weight):
  • the targeted addition of boron leads to a significant improvement in the properties and the manufacturability in the steels according to the invention.
  • the boron content in the steel according to the invention thus brings about a reduction in the yield strength, as a result of which the deformability is significantly improved.
  • the favorable effects of the alloy on the mechanical-technological properties of the steel according to the invention can be further supported by the fact that the carbon content is 0.10-1.00% by weight, if a minimum of 0.10% by weight of carbon is detectable in the steel according to the invention.
  • steel according to the invention or a steel strip or sheet produced from it has a significantly lower ⁇ r value than the sheets known from the prior art and belonging to the type in question here.
  • cold-rolled steel strips and sheets composed according to the invention are distinguished by comparably low yield strengths, improved yield strength with increased hardening exponents (n-value), increased deep-drawing capability (r-value) and lower planar anisotropy ( ⁇ r-value) as well as an increased product of yield strength and elongation out.
  • the tensile strength of steel strips and sheets according to the invention is at least 680 MPa.
  • the product of tensile strength and elongation is at least 41000 MPa.
  • the yield strength of steel sheets and strips according to the invention does not exceed 520 MPa.
  • steels according to the invention or sheets and strips produced therefrom have an extraordinarily high uniform expansion of 20% to more than 45%. N values of up to 0.7 are achieved.
  • a particularly good cold-formable light steel strip or sheet is obtained which, due to its comparatively high strength and low density, is particularly suitable for the production of components for automobile bodies.
  • the excellent ratio of strength and weight makes a steel sheet produced according to the invention for the production of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, for the production of components molded by internal high pressure or external high pressure, for the production of high-strength engine parts, such as camshafts or piston rods, for the production of suitable for protection against impulses, such as shelling, certain components, such as armor plates, as well as protective elements intended to protect people, in particular against shelling.
  • the comparatively low weight of the steel sheet according to the invention and the high strength at the same time have a positive effect.
  • Steel sheets according to the invention are also particularly suitable for the production of non-magnetic components with a purely austenitic structure.
  • inventive materials retain their strength even at particularly low temperatures. As such, they are particularly suitable for the production of components used in cryogenics, such as containers or pipes for refrigeration.
  • the positive effects of boron in steel used according to the invention can be achieved particularly safely if the boron content is 0.002% by weight to 0.01% by weight, in particular 0.003 to 0.008% by weight.
  • the C content in the range from 0.1% to 1.0% also ensures improved producibility of steel sheets and strips according to the invention.
  • the formation of intermetallic phases is suppressed due to the presence of carbon. Cracks and instabilities in the band edge area, as they arise in the steel strips produced from the known steels, are thus considerably reduced, the instabilities decreasing to a particular extent with increasing C content.
  • a further improvement in strip edge quality is achieved by adding boron. As a result, the combined Addition of C and B band edge instabilities can be avoided almost completely.
  • the C and B contents provided according to the invention open up a wide range of hot rolling parameters. It has thus been found that the characteristic values of steels according to the invention obtained when high hot rolling temperatures and coiling temperatures are selected are essentially the same as those obtained at low hot rolling temperatures and coiling temperatures. This insensitivity in hot strip production also favors the simple manufacture of steel sheets according to the invention.
  • Si content of steel strips and sheets according to the invention Due to the Si content of steel strips and sheets according to the invention, which are limited to contents above 2.50% by weight, preferably above 2.70% by weight, an improvement over those of light steel strips or sheets having low Si contents was improved Cold rollability.
  • the high addition of Si is expressed in more uniform yield strengths and Tensile strength values as well as higher elongation at break and uniform elongation values.
  • Si in steels according to the invention also leads to higher r and n values and to an isotropic formation of the mechanical properties.
  • the upper limit of the sum formed from AI and Si contents is 12%, since a sum of the AI and Si contents going beyond this limit would entail the risk of embrittlement.
  • a starting material such as slabs, thin slabs or strip
  • the hot-rolling the hot-rolled strip according to the invention at at least 800 ° C., and coiling it at low temperatures, the aforementioned positive effect of carbon and in particular boron is used to the full extent.
  • Boron and carbon for example, produce higher tensile strength and yield strength values with strips that are hot-rolled in this area, while still maintaining acceptable elongation at break values.
  • With increasing hot rolling temperature tensile strength and yield point decrease, while the elongation values increase.
  • the final roll temperatures within the scope specified by the invention, the influence the desired properties of the steel strip obtained in a targeted and simple manner.
  • Hot strip produced according to the invention is characterized by good usage properties. If thinner sheets or strips are to be produced, the hot strip can be cold-rolled into cold strip after coiling, the cold rolling advantageously being carried out with a degree of cold rolling of 30% to 75%.
  • the cold strip obtained is then preferably subjected to annealing, the annealing temperatures being between 600 ° C. and 1100 ° C. Annealing can be carried out in the hood in the temperature range from 600 ° C to 750 ° C or in a continuous process in the annealing furnace at temperatures from 750 ° C to 1100 ° C.
  • annealing can be carried out in the hood in the temperature range from 600 ° C to 750 ° C or in a continuous process in the annealing furnace at temperatures from 750 ° C to 1100 ° C.
  • steel according to the invention or steel strips and sheets produced therefrom consists in the production of cold-formed components by pressure rolling.
  • blanks are produced from the steel, which are then finished by the pressure rolling. Due to its special property profile is suitable Steel according to the invention or sheet metal blanks produced therefrom in a special way for this purpose.
  • a purely austenitic or a structure consisting of a mixture of ferrite and austenite with portions of martensite can be set in the steel according to the invention.
  • the steels according to the invention can therefore be shaped much better. In the course of cold forming, they harden significantly more strongly than the high-strength micro-alloyed or multi-phase steels known to be used for the production by pressure rolling. Depending on the cold deformation, component strengths in the range from 1400 N / mm 2 to 2200 N / mm 2 can be achieved. Additional hardening of the components produced after cold forming can therefore be dispensed with. It also has a favorable effect, in particular in the production of toothed gear components, with regard to the intended use, that the steels used according to the invention for their production are reduced in density due to the high content of light elements such as Si, Al.
  • Table 1 shows the compositions of four steels A, B, C, D, E, of which steels A, B and C correspond to the alloy provided according to the invention, while steels D and E are comparative examples.
  • the steel strips produced from steels A to C according to the invention have excellent cold formability. With high strength and high elongation at break, they each have a pronounced isotropic deformation behavior (r ⁇ 1, ⁇ r ⁇ 0).
  • the steel strips produced from the carbon-free but boron-containing steel C according to the invention also have low yield strengths, increased elongation at break and uniform elongation and isotropic deformation behavior.
  • all variants of steel sheets according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of Body components, especially for the outer sheets of an automobile body, of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, of non-magnetic components, of containers used in cryotechnology, of components molded by internal high pressure or external high pressure, of pipes, in particular for the production of high-strength engine parts such as camshafts or Piston rods are intended for protection against impulses, such as shelling, certain components or protective elements, such as armor plates, or body armor for the human or animal body.
  • Highly resilient gear components can also be produced from steel sheets according to the invention, which are characterized by a low weight and good usage properties, without the need for additional heat treatment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

A steel strip or sheet steel having good cold formability and high-strength is described, comprising a light steel having (in weight-percent) C: <=1.00%, Mn: 7.00-30.00%, Al: 1.00-10.00%, Si: >2.50-8.00%, Al+Si: >3.50-12.00%, B: >0.00-<0.01%, as well as alternately Ni: <8.00%, Cu: <3.00%, N: <0.60%, Nb: <0.30%, Ti: <0.30%, V: <0.30%, P: <0.01%, with the remainder iron and unavoidable impurities.

Description

Höherfester, kaltuπvformbarer Stahl und Stahlband oder -blech, Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlband und Verwendungen eines solchen Stahls Higher strength, cold-deformable steel and steel strip or sheet, process for producing steel strip and uses of such steel
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fe-Mn-Al-Si-Leichtstahl mit Kohlenstoff sowie ein Stahlband oder -blech mit guter Kaltumformbarkeit und höherer Festigkeit. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bändern aus einem solchen Stahl und besonders geeignete Verwendungen eines solchen Stahls.The invention relates to an Fe-Mn-Al-Si light steel with carbon and a steel strip or sheet with good cold formability and higher strength. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing strips from such a steel and particularly suitable uses of such a steel.
Ein für die Herstellung von Karosseriebauteilen und den Tieftemperatureinsatz verwendeter Leichtstahl ist aus der DE 197 27 759 C2 bekannt. Er enthält neben Fe 10 % bis 30 % Mn, 1 % bis 8 % AI und 1 bis 6 % Si, wobei die Summe der Gehalte an AI und Si 12 % nicht überschreitet. In diesem bekannten Stahl ist Kohlenstoff allenfalls im Verunreinigungsbereich enthalten.A light steel used for the production of body components and for low-temperature use is known from DE 197 27 759 C2. In addition to Fe, it contains 10% to 30% Mn, 1% to 8% Al and 1 to 6% Si, the sum of the contents of Al and Si not exceeding 12%. In this known steel, carbon is at most contained in the contamination area.
Beim aus der DE 199 00 199 AI bekannten Leichtbaustahl ist dagegen Kohlenstoff als optionales Legierungselement vorgesehen. Der bekannte Leichtstahl weist > 7 % bis 27 % Mn, > 1 % bis 10 % AI, > 0,7 % bis 4 % Si, < 0,5 % C, < 10 % Cr, < 10 % Ni und < 0,3 % Cu auf. Des weiteren können in dem Stahl N, V, Nb, Ti, P enthalten sein, wobei die Summe dieser Elemente 2 % nicht überschreiten darf. Auch der aus der EP 1 067 203 AI bekannte Leichtstahl enthält Kohlenstoff, und zwar 0,001 bis 1,6 %. Zudem weist dieser Stahl neben Fe 6 - 30 % Mn, ≤ 6 % A1, < 2,5 % Si, < 10 % Cr, ≤ 10 % Ni und ≤ 5% Cu auf. Zusätzlich können V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr und Seltene Erden in dem Stahl enthalten sein, wobei die Summe ihrer Gehalte 3 % nicht überschreitet. Ebenso kann der bekannte Stahl P, Sn, Sb, und As beinhalten, wobei die Summe der Gehalte dieser Elemente nicht größer als 0,2 % sein soll.In contrast, in the lightweight steel known from DE 199 00 199 AI, carbon is provided as an optional alloy element. The known light steel has> 7% to 27% Mn,> 1% to 10% Al,> 0.7% to 4% Si, <0.5% C, <10% Cr, <10% Ni and <0, 3% Cu. Furthermore, the steel can contain N, V, Nb, Ti, P, the sum of these elements not exceeding 2%. The light steel known from EP 1 067 203 AI also contains carbon, namely 0.001 to 1.6%. In addition to Fe 6 - 30% Mn, ≤ 6% A1, <2.5% Si, <10% Cr, ≤ 10% Ni and ≤ 5% Cu. In addition, V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr and rare earths can be contained in the steel, the sum of their contents not exceeding 3%. Likewise, the known steel may include P, Sn, Sb, and As, the sum of the contents of these elements should not be greater than 0.2%.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass sich derart zusammengesetzte Stähle trotz der Anwesenheit von Kohlenstoff nur unter Schwierigkeiten warm- und kaltwalzen lassen. So zeigen sich an den Bandkanten häufig Instabilitäten oder Risse, welche die großtechnische Herstellung von Bändern oder Blechen aus solchen Stählen in der Praxis schwierig machen. Des weiteren weisen diese Stähle ein sehr stark isotropes Verformungsverhalten auf, welches sich in einem hohen Δr-Wert äußert. Auch infolge der schlechten Verformbarkeit wird die Weiterverarbeitung der nach dem bekannten Verfahren erzeugten Stahlbleche erschwert.It has been shown that, despite the presence of carbon, steels composed in this way can only be hot and cold rolled with difficulty. For example, instabilities or cracks often appear on the strip edges, which make the large-scale production of strips or sheets from such steels difficult in practice. Furthermore, these steels have a very strongly isotropic deformation behavior, which is expressed in a high Δr value. Because of the poor deformability, the further processing of the steel sheets produced by the known method is made more difficult.
Gut verformbare Stähle mit höheren Festigkeiten werden auch für die Fertigung von Bauteilen benötigt, die mit Verzahnungen oder vergleichbaren Formelementen versehen sind. Bei diesen Bauteilen handelt es sich typischerweise um mit Innen- oder Außenverzahnungen versehene Getriebeteile. Diese lassen sich kostengünstig und mit hoher Maßhaltigkeit durch Drückwalzen herstellen.Easily deformable steels with higher strengths are also required for the production of components that are provided with toothing or comparable shaped elements. These components are typically gear parts with internal or external toothing. These can be produced inexpensively and with high dimensional accuracy by pressure rolling.
Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Getriebeteilen durch Drückwalzen ist aus der DE 197 24 661 C2 bekannt. Gemäß diesem bekannten Verfahren wird aus einem mikrolegierten hochfesten Baustahl, der eine untere Streckgrenze von mindestens 500 N/mm2 besitzt, aus einem Blech ein Rohling geformt. Dieser Rohling wird dann durch Drückwalzen zu dem Getriebe kaltverformt . Im Zuge des Einformens der Verzahnung wird das Blechmaterial bis an die Grenze seines Umformvermögens umgeformt. Anschließend wird eine Oberfläche des mit der Verzahnung versehenen Werkstücks im wesentlichen unter Beibehaltung der Temperatur wärmeverzugsfrei gehärtet .A method for producing gear parts by pressure rolling is known from DE 197 24 661 C2. According to this known method, a microalloy is made high-strength structural steel, which has a lower yield strength of at least 500 N / mm 2 , is formed from a sheet metal into a blank. This blank is then cold formed into the gear by spinning rolls. In the course of forming the toothing, the sheet metal material is formed to the limit of its forming capacity. Subsequently, a surface of the workpiece provided with the toothing is hardened essentially without heat distortion while maintaining the temperature.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ausgehend von dem voranstehend erläuterten Stand der Technik einenLeichtstahl bzw. ein daraus erzeugtes Stahlbandoder -blech mit guter Verformbarkeit und guter Festigkeit zu schaffen, der bzw. das sich auch im großtechnischen Maßstab einfach herstellen lässt. Darüber hinaus sollen ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahlbandes oder - blechs sowie bevorzugte Verwendungen für den Stahl angegeben werden.The object of the invention is, based on the above-described prior art, to provide a light steel or a steel strip or sheet produced therefrom with good deformability and good strength, which can also be easily produced on an industrial scale. In addition, a method for producing a steel strip or sheet and preferred uses for the steel are to be specified.
Die Aufgabe wird zum einen durch einen Leichtstahl gelöst, der folgende Zusammensetzung aufweist (in Gewichts - %) :The task is solved on the one hand by a light steel, which has the following composition (in% by weight):
C: ≤ 1,00 %C: ≤ 1.00%
Mn: 7,00 - 30,00 %Mn: 7.00 - 30.00%
AI: 1,00 - 10,00 %AI: 1.00 - 10.00%
Si: > 2,50 - 8,00 %Si:> 2.50 - 8.00%
AI + Si: > 3,50 - 12,00 %AI + Si:> 3.50 - 12.00%
B: > 0,00 - < 0,01 % sowie wahlweiseB:> 0.00 - <0.01% and optionally
Ni: < 8,00 % Cu : < 3 , 00 %Ni: <8.00% Cu: <3.00%
N : < 0 , 60 %N: <0.60%
Nb : < 0 , 30 %Nb: <0.30%
Ti : < 0 , 30 %Ti: <0.30%
V : < 0 , 30 %V: <0.30%
P : < 0 , 01 %P: <0.01%
Rest Eisen und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen. Den Verunreinigungen werden dabei Schwefel und Sauerstoff zugerechnet .Balance iron and unavoidable impurities. Sulfur and oxygen are added to the impurities.
Überraschend hat sich herausgestellt, dass die gezielte Zugabe Bor bei erfindungsgemäßen Stählen zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Eigenschaften und der Herstellbarkeit führt. So bewirkt der im erfindungsgemäßen Stahl enthalte Gehalt an Bor eine Verminderung der Streckgrenze, wodurch die Verformbarkeit deutlich verbessert wird. Die günstigen Einflüsse der Legierung auf die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaf en erfindungsgemäßen Stahls kann dadurch noch unterstützt werden, dass der Kohlenstoffgehalt 0,10 - 1,00 Gew.-% beträgt, wenn also ein Mindestmaß von 0,10 Gew.-% an Kohlenstoff im erfindungsgemäßen Stahl nachweisbar ist.It has surprisingly been found that the targeted addition of boron leads to a significant improvement in the properties and the manufacturability in the steels according to the invention. The boron content in the steel according to the invention thus brings about a reduction in the yield strength, as a result of which the deformability is significantly improved. The favorable effects of the alloy on the mechanical-technological properties of the steel according to the invention can be further supported by the fact that the carbon content is 0.10-1.00% by weight, if a minimum of 0.10% by weight of carbon is detectable in the steel according to the invention.
Dabei hat die Anwesenheit dieser Elemente eine besonders gute Kombination von mechanischen und technologischen Eigenschaften zur Folge. So weist erfindungsgemäßer Stahl bzw. ein daraus erzeugtes Stahlband oder und -blech einen gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten, zur hier in Rede stehenden Gattung gehörenden Bleche einen deutlich niedrigeren Δr-Wert auf. Zusätzlich zeichnen sich erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzte kaltgewalzte Stahlbänder und -bleche durch vergleichbar niedrige Streckgrenzen, verbesserte Streckziehfähigkeit bei erhöhten Verfestigungsexponenten (n-Wert) , erhöhter Tiefziehfähigkeit (r-Wert) und niedriger planarer Anisotropie (Δr-Wert) sowie ein erhöhtes Produkt aus Streckgrenze und Dehnung aus. So liegt die Zugfestigkeit erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbänder und -bleche mindestens bei 680 MPa. Das Produkt aus Zugfestigkeit und Dehnung beträgt mindestens 41000 MPa. Die Streckgrenze erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche und -bänder überschreitet 520 MPa nicht. Gleichzeitig besitzen erfindungsgemäße Stähle bzw. daraus erzeugte Bleche und Bänder eine außerordentlich hohe Gleichmaßdehnung von 20 % bis zu mehr als 45 %. Es werden n-Werte von bis zu 0,7 erreicht.The presence of these elements results in a particularly good combination of mechanical and technological properties. Thus, steel according to the invention or a steel strip or sheet produced from it has a significantly lower Δr value than the sheets known from the prior art and belonging to the type in question here. In addition, cold-rolled steel strips and sheets composed according to the invention are distinguished by comparably low yield strengths, improved yield strength with increased hardening exponents (n-value), increased deep-drawing capability (r-value) and lower planar anisotropy (Δr-value) as well as an increased product of yield strength and elongation out. The tensile strength of steel strips and sheets according to the invention is at least 680 MPa. The product of tensile strength and elongation is at least 41000 MPa. The yield strength of steel sheets and strips according to the invention does not exceed 520 MPa. At the same time, steels according to the invention or sheets and strips produced therefrom have an extraordinarily high uniform expansion of 20% to more than 45%. N values of up to 0.7 are achieved.
Im Ergebnis wird so ein besonders gut kaltverformbares Leichtstahlband oder -blech erhalten, das sich aufgrund seiner vergleichsweise hohen Festigkeit und geringen Dichte insbesondere für die Herstellung von Bauteilen für Automobilkarossen eignet . Ebenso macht das ausgezeichnete Verhältnis von Festigkeit und Gewicht ein erfindungsgemäß erzeugtes Stahlblech für die Herstellung von Rädern für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, für die Herstellung von innenhochdruck- oder außenhochdruckverformten Bauteilen, für die Herstellung von hochfesten Motorteilen, wie Nockenwellen oder Kolbenstangen, für die Herstellung von für den Schutz gegen impulsförmig auftreffende Belastungen, wie Beschuss, bestimmten Bauelementen, wie Panzerblechen, sowie Schutzelemente geeignet, die zum Schutz von Personen insbesondere gegen Beschuss bestimmt sind. Insbesondere im Falle der letztgenannten Anwendung macht sich das vergleichsweise geringe Gewicht des erfindungsgemäßen Stahlblechs und die gleichzeitig hohe Festigkeit positiv bemerkbar.As a result, a particularly good cold-formable light steel strip or sheet is obtained which, due to its comparatively high strength and low density, is particularly suitable for the production of components for automobile bodies. Likewise, the excellent ratio of strength and weight makes a steel sheet produced according to the invention for the production of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, for the production of components molded by internal high pressure or external high pressure, for the production of high-strength engine parts, such as camshafts or piston rods, for the production of suitable for protection against impulses, such as shelling, certain components, such as armor plates, as well as protective elements intended to protect people, in particular against shelling. Especially in the case of the latter application the comparatively low weight of the steel sheet according to the invention and the high strength at the same time have a positive effect.
Erfindungsgemäße Stahlbleche eignen sich bei rein austenitischer Gefügestruktur darüber hinaus in besonderer Weise zur Herstellung von nichtmagnetischen Bauelementen.Steel sheets according to the invention are also particularly suitable for the production of non-magnetic components with a purely austenitic structure.
Des weiteren hat sich gezeigt, dass die erfindungsgemäßen auch bei besonders niedrigen Temperaturen ihre Festigkeit beibehalten. Sie eignen sich als solche insbesondere zur Herstellung von in der Kryotechnik eingesetzte Bauelemente, wie Behälter oder Rohre für die Kältetechnik.Furthermore, it has been shown that the inventive materials retain their strength even at particularly low temperatures. As such, they are particularly suitable for the production of components used in cryogenics, such as containers or pipes for refrigeration.
Besonders sicher erreichen lassen sich die positiven Wirkungen von Bor in erfindungsgemäß verwendetem Stahl, wenn der Borgehalt 0,002 Gew.-% bis 0,01 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,003 bis 0,008 Gew.-%, beträgt.The positive effects of boron in steel used according to the invention can be achieved particularly safely if the boron content is 0.002% by weight to 0.01% by weight, in particular 0.003 to 0.008% by weight.
Auch der im Bereich von 0,1 % bis 1,0 % liegende C-Gehalt gewährleistet eine verbesserte Herstellbarkeit erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche und -bänder. Bei erfindungsgemäßen Stählen ist aufgrund der Anwesenheit von Kohlenstoff die Bildung intermetallischer Phasen unterdrückt. Risse und Instabilitäten im Bandkantenbereich, wie sie bei den aus den bekannten Stählen erzeugten Stahlbändern entstehen, werden so erheblich reduziert, wobei mit zunehmendem C-Gehalt die Instabilitäten in besonderem Maße abnehmen. Ein weitere Verbesserung der Bandkantenqualität wird durch die Zugabe von Bor erzielt. Im Ergebnis können durch die kombinierte Zugabe von C und B Bandkanteninstabilitäten nahezu vollständig vermieden werden.The C content in the range from 0.1% to 1.0% also ensures improved producibility of steel sheets and strips according to the invention. In the case of steels according to the invention, the formation of intermetallic phases is suppressed due to the presence of carbon. Cracks and instabilities in the band edge area, as they arise in the steel strips produced from the known steels, are thus considerably reduced, the instabilities decreasing to a particular extent with increasing C content. A further improvement in strip edge quality is achieved by adding boron. As a result, the combined Addition of C and B band edge instabilities can be avoided almost completely.
Bor substituiert in seiner Wirkung auf die mechanischtechnologischen Eigenschaften das Legierungelement Mn. So ist festgestellt worden, dass ein Stahl mit 20 % Mn und 0,003 % Bor ein ähnliches Eigenschaftsprofil aufweist wie ein Stahl, der 25 % Mn, jedoch kein B enthält. Daher können erfindungsgemäße Leichtbaustähle relativ niedrige Mn-Gehalte bei dennoch vergleichsweise hohen Festigkeiten besitzen. Dies führt zu verminderten Legierungsmittelkosten und erleichtert die schmelzmetallurgische Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Leichtstahls.Boron replaces the alloy element Mn in its effect on the mechanical-technological properties. It has thus been found that a steel with 20% Mn and 0.003% boron has a property profile similar to that of a steel which contains 25% Mn but no B. Lightweight steels according to the invention can therefore have relatively low Mn contents with comparatively high strengths. This leads to reduced alloying agent costs and facilitates the melt metallurgical production of a light steel used according to the invention.
Zusätzlich eröffnen die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen C- und B-Gehalte ein weites Spektrum der Warmwalzparameter. So ist festgestellt worden, dass die bei Wahl hoher Warmwalzendtemperaturen und Haspeltemperaturen erhaltenen Kennwerte erfindungsgemäßer Stähle im wesentlichen gleich denen sind, die bei niedrigen Warmwalzendtemperaturen und Haspeltemperaturen erhalten werden. Auch diese Unempfindlichkeit bei der Warmbandherstellung begünstigt die einfache Herstellbarkeit erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche.In addition, the C and B contents provided according to the invention open up a wide range of hot rolling parameters. It has thus been found that the characteristic values of steels according to the invention obtained when high hot rolling temperatures and coiling temperatures are selected are essentially the same as those obtained at low hot rolling temperatures and coiling temperatures. This insensitivity in hot strip production also favors the simple manufacture of steel sheets according to the invention.
Aufgrund des auf Gehalte oberhalb von 2,50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt oberhalb von 2,70 Gew.-%, beschränkten Si- Gehaltsweisen erfindungsgemäße Stahlbänder und -bleche eine gegenüber solchen Leichtstahlbändern oder -blechen, die geringe Si-Gehalte besitzen, verbesserte Kaltwalzbarkeit auf. Die hohe Zugabe von Si drückt sich in gleichmäßigeren Streckgrenzen- und Zugfestigkeitswerten sowie in höheren Bruchdehnungs- und Gleichmaßdehnungswerten aus. Si in erfindungsgemäßen Stählen führt darüber hinaus zu höheren r- und n-Werten sowie zu einer isotropen Ausbildung der mechanischen Eigenschaften. Die Obergrenze der aus AI- und Si-Gehalten gebildeten Summe liegt bei 12 %, da eine über diese Grenze hinausgehende Summe der AI- und Si-Gehalte die Gefahr einer Versprödung mit sich bringen würde.Due to the Si content of steel strips and sheets according to the invention, which are limited to contents above 2.50% by weight, preferably above 2.70% by weight, an improvement over those of light steel strips or sheets having low Si contents was improved Cold rollability. The high addition of Si is expressed in more uniform yield strengths and Tensile strength values as well as higher elongation at break and uniform elongation values. Si in steels according to the invention also leads to higher r and n values and to an isotropic formation of the mechanical properties. The upper limit of the sum formed from AI and Si contents is 12%, since a sum of the AI and Si contents going beyond this limit would entail the risk of embrittlement.
Erfindungsgemäße Stahlbänder und -bleche lassen sich bevorzugt durch ein Verfahren herstellen, bei dem ein Vormaterial, wie Brammen, Dünnbrammen oder Band, aus einem erfindungsgemäß in der voranstehend erläuterten Weise zusammmengesetzten Stahl gegossen wird, bei dem das gegossene Vormaterial auf = 1100 °C erwärmt oder mit einer solchen Temperatur direkt eingesetzt wird, bei dem das vorgewärmte Vormaterial zu Warmband bei einer mindestens 800 °C betragenden Warmwalzendtemperatur warmgewalzt wird und bei dem das fertiggewalzte Warmband bei einer 450 °C bis 700 °C betragenden Haspeltemperatur gehaspelt wird.Steel strips and sheets according to the invention can preferably be produced by a method in which a starting material, such as slabs, thin slabs or strip, is cast from a steel composed according to the invention in the manner explained above, in which the cast starting material is heated to = 1100 ° C. or is used directly at such a temperature at which the preheated raw material is hot rolled to a hot rolling end temperature of at least 800 ° C and at which the finished hot strip is coiled at a reel temperature of 450 ° C to 700 ° C.
Indem das Warmband erfindungsgemäß bei mindestens 800 °C liegenden Warmwalzendtemperaturen warmgewalzt und bei niedrigen Temperaturen gehaspelt wird, wird die erwähnte positive Wirkung des Kohlenstoffs und insbesondere des Bors im vollen Umfang genutzt. So bewirken Bor und Kohlenstoff bei in diesem Bereich warmgewalzten Bändern höhere Zugfestigkeits- und Streckgrenzen-Werte bei nach wie vor akzeptablen Bruchdehnungswerten. Mit zunehmender Warmwalzendtemperatur nehmen Zugfestigkeit und Streckgrenze ab, während die Dehnungswerte ansteigen. Durch Variation der Walzendtemperaturen im durch die Erfindung vorgegebenen Rahmen lassen sich so die gewünschten Eigenschaften des erhaltenen Stahlbandes gezielt und auf einfache Weise beeinflussen.By hot-rolling the hot-rolled strip according to the invention at at least 800 ° C., and coiling it at low temperatures, the aforementioned positive effect of carbon and in particular boron is used to the full extent. Boron and carbon, for example, produce higher tensile strength and yield strength values with strips that are hot-rolled in this area, while still maintaining acceptable elongation at break values. With increasing hot rolling temperature, tensile strength and yield point decrease, while the elongation values increase. By varying the final roll temperatures within the scope specified by the invention, the influence the desired properties of the steel strip obtained in a targeted and simple manner.
Durch die Beschränkung der Haspeltemperatur auf Werte von maximal 700 °C wird eine Werkstoffversprödung sicher vermieden. Es ist festgestellt worden, dass es bei höheren Haspeltemperaturen zur Bildung von Sprödphasen kommt, welche beispielsweise Materialabplatzungen nach sich ziehen können und als solche die Weiterverarbeitung erschweren oder sogar unmöglich machen.By limiting the reel temperature to a maximum of 700 ° C, material embrittlement is reliably avoided. It has been found that brittle phases are formed at higher reel temperatures, which, for example, can result in material flaking and as such make further processing difficult or even impossible.
Schon erfindungsgemäß erzeugtes Warmband zeichnet sich durch gute Gebrauchseigenschaften aus. Sollen dünnere Bleche oder Bänder erzeugt werden, so kann das Warmband nach dem Haspeln zu Kaltband kaltgewalzt werden, wobei das Kaltwalzen vorteilhafterweise mit einem Kaltwalzgrad von 30 % bis 75 % durchgeführt wird. Vorzugsweise wird das erhaltene Kaltband anschließend einer Glühung unterzogen, wobei die Glühtemperaturen zwischen 600 °C bis 1100 °C liegen sollten. Die Glühung kann dabei in der Haube im Temperaturbereich von 600 °C bis 750 °C oder im Durchlauf im Glühofen bei Temperaturen von 750 °C bis 1100 °C durchgeführt werden. Schließlich ist es im Hinblick auf die Kaltverformbarkeit und der Oberflächenausbildung günstig, das Kaltband abschließend zu dressieren.Hot strip produced according to the invention is characterized by good usage properties. If thinner sheets or strips are to be produced, the hot strip can be cold-rolled into cold strip after coiling, the cold rolling advantageously being carried out with a degree of cold rolling of 30% to 75%. The cold strip obtained is then preferably subjected to annealing, the annealing temperatures being between 600 ° C. and 1100 ° C. Annealing can be carried out in the hood in the temperature range from 600 ° C to 750 ° C or in a continuous process in the annealing furnace at temperatures from 750 ° C to 1100 ° C. Finally, with regard to the cold formability and the surface formation, it is favorable to finish the cold strip.
Eine weitere besonders vorteilhafte Verwendung erfindungsgemäßen Stahls bzw. daraus hergestellter Stahlbänder und -bleche besteht in der Herstellung von kaltverformten Bauteilen durch Drückwalzen. Dazu werden aus dem Stahl Rohlinge hergestellt, die dann durch das Drückwalzen fertig geformt werden. Aufgrund seines besonderen Eigenschaftsprofils eignet sich erfindungsgemäßer Stahl bzw. daraus hergestellte Blechrohlinge in besonderer Weise für diesen Zweck.Another particularly advantageous use of steel according to the invention or steel strips and sheets produced therefrom consists in the production of cold-formed components by pressure rolling. For this purpose, blanks are produced from the steel, which are then finished by the pressure rolling. Due to its special property profile is suitable Steel according to the invention or sheet metal blanks produced therefrom in a special way for this purpose.
Abhängig von der Zusammensetzung lässt sich in erfindungsgemäßem Stahl eine rein austenitische oder eine aus einer Mischung von Ferrit und Austenit mit Anteilen von Martensit bestehende Gefügestruktur einstellen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Stähle lassen sich daher wesentlich besser umformen. Im Zuge der Kaltumformung verfestigen sie deutlich stärker als die bekanntermaßen für die Herstellung durch Drückwalzen eingesetzten hochfesten mikrolegierten oder Mehrphasen-Stähle. So lassen sich je nach Kaltverformung Bauteilfestigkeiten im Bereich von 1400 N/mm2 bis 2200 N/mm2 erzielen. Eine zusätzliche Härtung der erzeugten Bauteile nach der Kaltverformung kann daher entfallen. Auch wirkt es sich insbesondere bei der Herstellung von verzahnten Getriebebauteilen in Bezug auf den Einsatzzweck günstig aus, dass die erfindungsgemäß zu ihrer Herstellung verwendeten Stähle aufgrund des hohen Gehaltes an leichten Elementen, wie Si, AI, dichtereduziert sind.Depending on the composition, a purely austenitic or a structure consisting of a mixture of ferrite and austenite with portions of martensite can be set in the steel according to the invention. The steels according to the invention can therefore be shaped much better. In the course of cold forming, they harden significantly more strongly than the high-strength micro-alloyed or multi-phase steels known to be used for the production by pressure rolling. Depending on the cold deformation, component strengths in the range from 1400 N / mm 2 to 2200 N / mm 2 can be achieved. Additional hardening of the components produced after cold forming can therefore be dispensed with. It also has a favorable effect, in particular in the production of toothed gear components, with regard to the intended use, that the steels used according to the invention for their production are reduced in density due to the high content of light elements such as Si, Al.
Bei Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzten und beschaffenen Stahls kann somit auf eine Wärmebehandlung oder ein Oberflächenhärten des drückgewalzten Bauteils verzichtet werden. Die durch diese zusätzlichen Behandlungsschritte beim Stand der Technik verursachte Gefahr von Verzug und Verzunderung besteht daher bei Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Stahles zur Herstellung von verzahnten, im Einsatz lokal starker Beanspruchung unterworfenen Bauelementen nicht mehr. So ermöglicht der erfindungsgemäße Stahl die kostengünstige Herstellung leichter, hochbelastbarer und maßhaltiger Bauelemente durch KaltVerformung, insbesondere Drückwalzen.When using a steel which is composed and obtained according to the invention, heat treatment or surface hardening of the pressure-rolled component can thus be dispensed with. The risk of warping and scaling caused by these additional treatment steps in the prior art therefore no longer exists when using a steel according to the invention for the production of toothed components which are subjected to locally high stress when used. The steel according to the invention thus enables inexpensive manufacture to be carried out more easily, more resiliently and dimensionally stable components through cold forming, in particular pressure rollers.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsund Vergleichsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and comparative examples.
In Tabelle 1 sind die Zusammensetzungen von vier Stählen A,B,C,D,E angegeben, von denen die Stähle A,B und C der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Legierung entsprechen, während es sich bei den Stählen D und E um Vergleichsbeispiele handelt.Table 1 shows the compositions of four steels A, B, C, D, E, of which steels A, B and C correspond to the alloy provided according to the invention, while steels D and E are comparative examples.
Tabelle 1Table 1
Die Stähle A bis E der betreffenden Zusammensetzungen sind erschmolzen und zu Brammen vergossen worden. Anschließend sind die Brammen auf eine Temperatur von 1150 °C vorgewärmt worden. Die vorgewärmten Brammen sind dann warmgewalzt und anschließend gehaspelt worden.Steels A to E of the compositions in question were melted and cast into slabs. The slabs were then preheated to a temperature of 1150 ° C. The preheated slabs were then hot rolled and then coiled.
Die jeweiligen Warmwalzendtemperaturen ET und Haspeltemperaturen HT sowie die jeweiligen Eigenschaften Zugfestigkeit Rm, Streckgrenze Re, A50-Dehnung, Gleichmaßdehnung Agi und n-Wert der erhaltenen Warmbänder sind in Tabelle 2 angegeben.The respective hot rolling end temperatures ET and reel temperatures HT as well as the respective properties tensile strength R m , yield strength R e , A 50 elongation, uniform elongation A g i and n value of the hot strips obtained are given in Table 2.
Tabelle 2Table 2
Bis auf das aus dem nicht erfindungsgemäßen Stahl D hergestellte Band, welches sich nicht kaltwalzen ließ, sind die erhaltenen Warmbänder anschließend mit einem Verformungsgrand von ca. 65 % kaltgewalzt und bei 950 °C im Durchlauf geglüht Die mechanischen Eigenschaften der so erhaltenen kaltgewalzten Stahlbleche sind in Tabelle 3 eingetragen.Except for the strip produced from steel D not according to the invention, which could not be cold rolled, the hot strips obtained are then cold rolled with a deformation degree of approx. 65% and annealed at 950 ° C. The mechanical properties of the cold rolled steel sheets obtained in this way are in Table 3 entered.
Tabelle 3Table 3
Es zeigt sich, dass die aus den Stählen A bis C erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Stahlbänder eine hervorragende Kaltverformbarkeit besitzen. Dabei weisen sie bei einer hohen Festigkeit und einer hohen Bruchdehnung jeweils ein ausgeprägt isotropes Verformungsverhalten (r ~ 1, Δr ~ 0) auf. Auch die aus dem kohlenstofffreien, jedoch Bor enthaltenden erfindungsgemäßen Stahl C erzeugten Stahlbänder weisen niedrige Streckgrenzen, erhöhte Bruch- und Gleichmaßdehnungen sowie ein isotropes Umformverhalten auf.It can be seen that the steel strips produced from steels A to C according to the invention have excellent cold formability. With high strength and high elongation at break, they each have a pronounced isotropic deformation behavior (r ~ 1, Δr ~ 0). The steel strips produced from the carbon-free but boron-containing steel C according to the invention also have low yield strengths, increased elongation at break and uniform elongation and isotropic deformation behavior.
Somit eignen sich alle Varianten erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche in besonderer Weise für die Herstellung von Karosseriebauteilen, speziell für die Außenbleche einer Automobilkarosserie, von Rädern für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, von nichtmagnetischen Bauelementen, von in der Kryotechnik eingesetzte Behältern, von innenhochdruck- oder außenhochdruckverformten Bauteilen, von Rohren, die insbesondere für die Herstellung von hochfesten Motorteilen, wie Nockenwellen oder Kolbenstangen, bestimmt sind, von für den Schutz gegen impulsförmig auftreffende Belastungen, wie Beschuss, bestimmten Bauelementen oder Schutzelementen, wie Panzerblechen, oder Körperpanzerungen für den menschlichen oder tierischen Körper. Ebenso lassen sich aus erfindungsgemäßen Stahlblechen hochbelastbare Getriebebauteile herstellen, die sich durch ein geringes Gewicht und gute Gebrauchseigenschaften auszeichnen, ohne dass es dazu einer zusätzlichen Wärmebehandlung bedarf. Thus, all variants of steel sheets according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of Body components, especially for the outer sheets of an automobile body, of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, of non-magnetic components, of containers used in cryotechnology, of components molded by internal high pressure or external high pressure, of pipes, in particular for the production of high-strength engine parts such as camshafts or Piston rods are intended for protection against impulses, such as shelling, certain components or protective elements, such as armor plates, or body armor for the human or animal body. Highly resilient gear components can also be produced from steel sheets according to the invention, which are characterized by a low weight and good usage properties, without the need for additional heat treatment.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Leichtstahl mit guter Kaltumformbarkeit und höherer Festigkeit mit folgender Zusammensetzung (in Gewichts - %) :1. Light steel with good cold formability and higher strength with the following composition (in% by weight):
C: < 1,00 %C: <1.00%
Mn: 7,00 - 30,00 %Mn: 7.00 - 30.00%
AI: 1,00 - 10,00 %AI: 1.00 - 10.00%
Si: > 2,50 - 8,00 %Si:> 2.50 - 8.00%
AI + Si: > 3,50 - 12,00 %AI + Si:> 3.50 - 12.00%
B: > 0,00 - < 0,01 % sowie wahlweiseB:> 0.00 - <0.01% and optionally
Ni: < 8,00 %Ni: <8.00%
Cu: < 3,00 %Cu: <3.00%
N: < 0,60 %N: <0.60%
Nb: < 0,30 %Nb: <0.30%
Ti: < 0,30 %Ti: <0.30%
V: < 0,30 %V: <0.30%
P: < 0,01 %P: <0.01%
Rest Eisen und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen. Balance iron and unavoidable impurities.
2. Leichtstahl nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß der Kohlenstoffgehalt 0,10 - 1,00 Gew.-% beträgt2. Light steel according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the carbon content is 0.10 - 1.00 wt .-%
3. Leichtstahl nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s der Si-Gehalt > 2,70 Gew.-% beträgt.3. Light steel according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the Si content is> 2.70 wt .-%.
4. Leichtstahl nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s der Borgehalt 0,002 Gew.-% bis 0,01 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,003 bis 0,008 Gew.-%, beträgt.4. Light steel according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the boron content is 0.002 wt .-% to 0.01 wt .-%, in particular 0.003 to 0.008 wt .-%.
5. Stahlband oder -blech hergestellt aus einem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zusammengesetzten Stahl.5. Steel strip or sheet made of a steel composed according to one of claims 1 to 4.
6. Stahlband oder -blech nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, d a s s seine Zugfestigkeit mindestens 680 MPa beträgt.6. Steel strip or sheet according to claim 5, characterized in that its tensile strength is at least 680 MPa.
7. Stahlband oder -blech nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Produkt aus seiner Zugfestigkeit und seiner Dehnung mindestens 41000 MPa beträgt.7. Steel strip or sheet according to claim 5 or 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the product of its tensile strength and its elongation is at least 41000 MPa.
8. Stahlband oder -blech nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, d a s s seine Streckgrenze bis zu 520 MPa beträgt. 8. Steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that its yield strength is up to 520 MPa.
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines kaltumformbaren höherfesten Stahlbandes oder -blechs,9. A process for producing a cold-formable high-strength steel strip or sheet,
- bei dem ein Vormaterial, wie Brammen, Dünnbrammen oder Band, aus einem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zusammmengesetzten Stahl gegossen wird,in which a starting material, such as slabs, thin slabs or strip, is cast from a steel composed according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
- bei dem das gegossene Vormaterial auf = 1100 °C erwärmt oder mit einer solchen Temperatur direkt eingesetzt wird,- in which the cast primary material is heated to = 1100 ° C or used directly at such a temperature,
- bei dem das vorgewärmte Vormaterial zu Warmband bei einer mindestens 800 °C betragenden- in which the preheated raw material to hot strip at a temperature of at least 800 ° C.
Warmwalzendtemperatur warmgewalzt wird, undHot rolling end temperature is hot rolled, and
- bei dem das fertiggewalzte Warmband bei einer 450 °C bis 700 °C betragenden Haspeltemperatur gehaspelt wird.- in which the hot rolled strip is coiled at a reel temperature of 450 ° C to 700 ° C.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Warmband nach dem Haspeln zu Kaltband kaltgewalzt wird.10. The method of claim 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the hot strip is cold rolled after coiling to cold strip.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Kaltband einer Glühung bei einer Glühtemperatur von 600 °C bis 1100 °C unterzogen wird.11. The method of claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the cold strip is subjected to annealing at an annealing temperature of 600 ° C to 1100 ° C.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Glühung als Haubenglühung bei einer 600 °C bis 750 °C betragenden Glühtemperatur durchgeführt wird. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the annealing is performed as a hood annealing at an annealing temperature of 600 ° C to 750 ° C.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Glühung als Durchlaufglühung bei einer 750°C bis 1100 °C betragenden Glühtemperatur durchgeführt wird.13. The method of claim 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the annealing is carried out as a continuous annealing at an annealing temperature of 750 ° C to 1100 ° C.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Kaltband dressiert wird.14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, as the cold strip is trained.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Kaltwalzen mit einem Kaltwalzgrad von 30 % bis15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that a cold rolling with a cold rolling degree of 30% to
75 % durchgeführt wird.75% is carried out.
16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s aus dem jeweils erhaltenen Warm- oder Kaltband Rohlinge erzeugt werden, die anschließend zu Bauelementen fertig kaltverformt werden.16. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that s s are produced from the hot or cold strip obtained in each case, which are then cold-formed into components.
17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Kaltverformung als Drückwalzen durchgeführt wird.17. The method according to claim 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the cold forming is carried out as a pressure roll.
18. Verwendung eines Stahles oder eines Stahlbandes oder -bleches gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von tragenden Karrosseriebauteilen.18. Use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of load-bearing body components.
19. Verwendung eines Stahles oder eines Stahlbandes oder -blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von von außen sichtbaren Teilen von Fahrzeugkarosserien.19. Use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for Manufacture of externally visible parts of vehicle bodies.
20. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von Rädern für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge .20. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the manufacture of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles.
21. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von nichtmagnetischen Bautelementen.21. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of non-magnetic components.
22. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von in der Kryotechnik eingesetzte Bauelemente.22. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of components used in cryogenics.
23. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von innenhochdruck- oder außenhochdruckverformten Bauteilen.23. Use of a steel or steel strip or - sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of internal high pressure or external high pressure molded components.
24. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 zur Herstellung von Rohren, die insbesondere für die Herstellung von hochfesten Motorteilen, wie Nockenwellen oder Kolbenstangen, bestimmt sind.24. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 7 for the production of pipes which are intended in particular for the production of high-strength engine parts such as camshafts or piston rods.
25. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von für den Schutz gegen impulsförmig auftreffende Belastungen, wie Beschuss, bestimmten Bauelementen, wie Panzerblechen.25. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for Manufacture of certain components, such as armor plates, for protection against impulses impinging on them, such as shelling.
26. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbandes oder - blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von für den Schutz von Personen vor impulsförmig auftreffender Belastungen, wie Beschuss, bestimmten Schutzelementen, wie Helme und Körperpanzerungen.26. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of for the protection of people from impulses impacts such as shelling, certain protective elements such as helmets and body armor.
27. Verwendung eines Stahles oder Stahlbands oder -blechs gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von Bauteilen durch Drückwalzen.27. Use of a steel or steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of components by pressure rolling.
28. Verwendung eines Stahlbands oder -blech gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von Getriebeteilen.28. Use of a steel strip or sheet according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the manufacture of gear parts.
29. Verwendung nach Anspruch 28, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Getriebeteile mit Verzahnungen versehen sind.29. Use according to claim 28, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the gear parts are provided with teeth.
30. Verwendung nach Anspruch 28 oder 29, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Getriebeteile durch Drückwalzen hergestellt sind. 30. Use according to claim 28 or 29, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the gear parts are made by pressure rolling.
EP02732754A 2001-06-13 2002-06-13 Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel Expired - Lifetime EP1309734B2 (en)

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PCT/EP2002/006480 WO2002101109A1 (en) 2001-06-13 2002-06-13 Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel

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JP4227010B2 (en) 2009-02-18
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DE50210689D1 (en) 2007-09-27
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CA2414138A1 (en) 2002-12-02
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EP1309734B2 (en) 2012-06-20
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US20030145911A1 (en) 2003-08-07
CN1463297A (en) 2003-12-24
ATE370258T1 (en) 2007-09-15
CN1215188C (en) 2005-08-17
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