EP1307610B1 - Method and device for producing continuous moulded bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for extruding continuously molded bodies, wherein an extrusion solution, in particular an extrusion solution containing water, cellulose and a tertiary amine oxide, is extruded through an extrusion orifice into a continuously molded body and is then deflected by means of a deflector ( 7 ). To improve the quality of the continuously molded bodies produced by the method or apparatus of the invention, the extrusion orifices are arranged in a row such that the individual, continuously molded bodies exit in the form of a curtain ( 3 ) form the extrusion head. This curtain is then deflected by the deflector.

Description

The invention relates to a process for the production of continuous molded articles from a Extrusion solution, in particular from an extrusion solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide, comprising the following process steps: feeding the extrusion solution to a plurality of substantially serially arranged extrusion openings; Extruding the extrusion solution through each one extrusion opening to an endless shaped body; Forming a substantially planar curtain through the individual Continuous molding.

The invention also relates to a device for producing continuous molded articles an extrusion solution, in particular from an extrusion solution containing water, Cellulose and tertiary amine oxide, with an extrusion head comprising a plurality of substantially having serially arranged extrusion openings, wherein the extrusion solution during operation through the extrusion openings in each case to form a continuous molding is extrudable and the extruded continuous molded body due to the arrangement of Extrusion openings form a substantially planar curtain, and with a deflection device, by in the operation of the curtain of the extruded moldings is diverted.

Below an endless molded article is in the following one from the extrusion solution in the form understood a fiber, a staple fiber, a film or a filament produced body. The extrusion solution is a mostly spinnable solution, which in addition to a dissolved Polymer such as cellulose and water and a tertiary amine oxide, such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide contains.

The method mentioned above and the device mentioned at the beginning This method is in the art, for example, for fiber production known in the textile industry. To produce a spun fiber, the Extrusion solution spun at the extrusion openings in each case to a filament, by forcing the extrusion solution through the extrusion orifices and thereby extruding it becomes. So is a generic method and a generic device from US 4,869,860. However, this method is only for boil-proof polyamide filaments suitable.

To increase the efficiency of the generic method, several Extrusion openings to a spinning station or to an extrusion head or nozzle summarized, so that at the same time a variety of continuous moldings, for example in the form of filaments, at the same time being spun or extruded.

The continuous moldings of the plurality of extrusion openings are in the conventional methods and devices by a deflection device merged and bundled. Since the stations for post-processing the Endlosformkörper not usually lie in the extrusion direction, the Endlosformkörper by the deflecting device for further post-processing steps, For example, washing, pressing, drying, diverted.

The economics of the process is significantly affected by the number and density of the Extrusion openings determined. If the density of extrusion openings is too high, too Called "hole density", however, affect adjacent extrusion openings and the continuous tablets tend to stick together. If the hole density is too high In addition, the heat exchange of the individual continuous molded articles disturbed, resulting in a poor quality of the manufactured continuous moldings leads.

In the prior art, due to the punctiform combination of the continuous molding the emerging from the nozzle polymer jet at the nozzle exit edge a large beam angle strongly deflected, resulting in an impairment of the Extrusion and spinning process leads. As the bundling angle increases with increasing Nozzle size increases, the size of the nozzles are limited.

Especially in a method or a device in which the continuous molding dive into a spinning or precipitation bath after extrusion, make the big Bundling angle disadvantageously noticeable The large bundling angles affect negative for flow processes and the bath displacement in the flock of Extrusion body out, at large bundling angles are increased turbulence and To observe backflow in the spin bath.

In WO 96/20300 these problems are addressed by a formula relationship for the maximum allowable bundling angle for a spinning system with a Ring nozzle and punctiform deflecting device is indicated in the spinning bath. Indeed This formula relationship leads to high diving depths for large diameters of the nozzle. The high diving depths also have a negative impact on handling, as well increase the frictional forces between the yarn sheet and spinning bath and at the deflection point the deflection.

Another problem with the embodiment according to WO 96/20300 is in complicated exchange of spinning bath liquid in the yarn sheet. To the economic Design of such a designed Einzelspinnposition with ring nozzles is a variety required on thread rows. In conjunction with a point-shaped deflection forms itself a thread cone whose Spinnbadvolumen to prevent too high Concentration differences must be constantly exchanged. Due to the Ring form not only has the spinning filaments directly surrounding spin bath through the Spinnenfäden be replaced, but also the Spinnbadvolumen, the is enclosed by the thread cone. This leads to increased loads of individual filaments, but also to turbulence, which disturb the spinning process.

In WO 94/28218 another approach is shown, there is a from a Rectangle nozzle exiting yarn sheet passed through a Spinnbadbehälter, the lower end has an outlet opening through which the group of threads punctiform bundled and discharged from the spinning bath system.

Also this system is due to the need to too large bundling angles too Avoid being limited in its economic efficiency. To the bundling angle small too hold, are also in this version high diving depths with all the above described adverse effects required. In addition, the high causes Immersion depth a high Spinnbadaustrittsgeschwindigkeit at the bottom outlet opening. This high Spinnbadaustrittsgeschwindigkeit affects both the piecing, as well as during operation due to turbulence negative on the Spinning process. The high Badaustrittsgeschwindigkeit can the threadline in shape Durchhängem, which are entrained by the high Badaustrittsgeschwindigkeit Monofilaments that are not stretched at the deflection point underneath the spinning bath outlet but sagging down, disturbing. In addition, with increased thread count ever Spinning also a larger outlet opening required, creating significant Spinnbadmengen must be circulated, which in addition to turbulence.

The spin bath containers described in WO 94/28218 and WO 96/20300 complicate in Connection with the required high diving depths but also piecing and the Handling at the spinning stations very essential.

To manipulation of the spun, especially when piecing Thrash in the dive range by hand by one operator despite the limited To allow arm length of the operator, a high design effort is required. As stated in the cited patents, either through openings (Doors) - in WO 94/28218 - or by additional lifting devices for Lifting and lowering of the spin bath container - in WO 96/20300 - the necessary access created.

The invention is therefore based on the object, the quality of the continuous molded article without Loss in the economy of the process or the device and without one to increase additional design effort, and the flow characteristics in the Improve area between the extrusion opening and the deflection.

This object is achieved according to the invention for the aforementioned method by the following Procedure solved: immersion of the curtain in a precipitation bath, diverting the Curtain in the precipitation bath through the deflection.

For the device mentioned above, this object is achieved in that the deflection is arranged in a precipitation bath, in which immerse the continuous molded body.

These solutions are simple and lead to improved flow characteristics in the Area between the extrusion opening and the deflection. In contrast to The prior art, the continuous moldings are no longer already at the deflection essentially merged punctiform, but deflected as a curtain. It is under a curtain a broad, essentially flat arrangement to understand essentially contiguous continuous molding.

Due to the deflection still as a broad curtain and not as a fiber bundle shrink the angle at which the continuous moldings are merged. This leads to a more consistent quality in the continuous moldings. Because the angles, with which the individual continuous moldings are brought together as a curtain, no longer vary as much as in the prior art, are also the flow conditions between the extrusion opening and the deflection simplifies.

The spinning quality is improved by that according to the invention the extrusion openings are arranged in series and the continuous moldings coming out of the extrusion openings exit, form a curtain. By the invention diversified Deflection of the yarn sheet, for example, as a curtain, there is the possibility of how already mentioned above, the nozzle length and thus the economy of a spinning station significantly increase.

• Durch die Ausführung der Düse in Rechteckform ergibt sich im Gegensatz zu einer Ringdüse kein eingeschlossener Spinnbadkegel, der zusätzlich verdrängt werden muss.
• Die Verdrängungsvorgänge durch die Fadenschar im Spinnbad sind minimiert, dadurch werden Turbulenzen und Rückströmungen vermieden.
• Die Reibkräfte zwischen Spinnbad und Fadenschar und somit auch die Reibkräfte an der Umlenkvorrichtung sind minimiert.
• Durch die Umlenkung im Spinnbadbehälter entfällt die untere Austrittsöffnung mit den damit verbundenen negativen Auswirkungen auf Spinnverhalten, Turbulenzen und Handhabung.
• Der vor allem beim Anspinnvorgang erforderliche Zugang zur Manipulation der ersponnenen Fadenschar in der Tauchstrecke von Hand ist durch die stark reduzierte Tauchtiefe wesentlich vereinfacht.
• Der konstruktive Aufwand und somit die Kosten für ein derart ausgeführtes System sind wesentlich reduziert.

In addition, due to the wide-ranging guidance of the yarn sheet in the precipitation bath, the depth of immersion can be reduced to the level necessary for the coagulation process. In summary, therefore, the invention solves or minimizes the following problems which exist in spinning systems according to the prior art:

• Due to the design of the nozzle in a rectangular shape, in contrast to an annular nozzle, there is no trapped spinning bath cone which must be additionally displaced.
• The displacement processes through the yarn sheet in the spinning bath are minimized, thereby turbulence and backflow are avoided.
• The frictional forces between spinning bath and yarn sheet and thus the friction forces on the deflection are minimized.
• Due to the deflection in the spinning bath container, the lower outlet opening with the associated negative effects on spinning behavior, turbulence and handling is eliminated.
• The required especially for piecing access to the manipulation of the spun yarn sheet in the dipping section by hand is greatly simplified by the greatly reduced depth.
• The design effort and thus the cost of such a system executed are significantly reduced.

The formation of a substantially planar curtain is facilitated if at an extrusion head, the number of rows of extrusion openings considerably smaller is the number of the extrusion opening in the respective rows.

Due to the arrangement of the deflection in the precipitation bath, in which the extruded Continuous moldings are passed, the continuous moldings are then redirected, if they are solidified and mechanically loadable. This ensures that the continuous moldings not be damaged by the deflection.

Due to the deflection as a curtain are in the inventive device and in the process according to the invention compared to the flow conditions in the precipitation bath Substantially improved in the prior art: The curtain emerges as essentially level body into the precipitation bath; The dipping angle of the continuous molded article soft not strongly different from each other. As a result, no strong turbulences occur in the precipitation bath and the surface of the precipitation bath remains quieter than in the prior art, so that the Endlosformkörper are safely passed through the precipitation bath and do not stick or tear can. As a result, the spinning security is increased.

In the extrusion direction after the deflection can in a further advantageous Design a collection device may be provided, through which the continuous molding merged at essentially one point and then as a bundle, for example as fiber bundles are forwarded to subsequent process steps.

The inventive method and the inventive device can be in a advantageous development have an air gap extending from the extrusion opening extends to the precipitation bath. In this air gap, a stretching can take place by for example, the continuous molding air is blown in the extrusion direction. However, the stretching can also take place in that the continuous molding through a deduction mechanism is subtracted at a withdrawal speed that, higher than the Extrusion speed is.

In the air gap, a blowing can take place transversely to the extrusion direction to the Dry continuously molded articles immediately after extrusion. The invention Method and device according to the invention can work with or without blowing.

Finally, in a further advantageous embodiment, the spinning system modular be built: Through the extrusion openings of an extrusion head are individual Curtains are formed, which are further processed together. Therefore, the To increase manufacturing capacity of an existing device, only need more Extrusion heads or curtains are added. This expansion option will inventively facilitated by the fact that the extrusion openings of a Extrusion head are arranged substantially in rows. To increase the Manufacturing capacity, the extrusion heads in series or in each case be arranged parallel, so that additional extrusion heads only to the existing series of extrusion heads connected or parallel to the already existing extrusion heads are added. These are Receiving devices provided in which additional extrusion heads detachable can be used or reinserted removed.

A particularly simple adaptation of the machine capacity is achieved; if at least one extrusion head and at least one deflection device to a Expansion unit are summarized. In this embodiment, only the Unit to be added to the existing plant to increase capacity.

In the following, the inventive method and the inventive Device with the aid of two embodiments with reference to the drawings explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung in einer schematischen Darstellung;

Fig. 2

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ebenfalls in einer schematischen Darstellung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention in a schematic representation;

Fig. 2

A second embodiment of the invention also in a schematic representation.

First, the construction of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG described.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus 1 for extruding Endlosformkörpfem, in particular, Fig. 1 shows a spinning machine, wherein the Endlosformkörper be spun in the form of individual fibers.

For this purpose, in a reservoir, not shown, a spinning solution of water, Cellulose and tertiary amine oxide prepared and the spinning unit 1 of this Supply tank supplied via a not shown piping system.

Since the spinning solution at high temperatures and long storage time to a spontaneous exothermic reaction, are in the pipeline system burst protection devices provided in such a spontaneous exothermic reaction, the reaction pressure derived to the outside and prevent damage to the device 1.

The extrusion solution is pumped through the piping system Spinning plant 1 promoted. In the piping system can also be a surge tank (not shown), the pressure and volume flow fluctuations in the piping system balances and for a uniform and constant loading of the spinning line 1 with the extrusion solution provides.

The spinning line 1 is provided with extrusion heads 2, which have a plurality of rows have arranged extrusion openings. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 is the number of rows of extrusion holes is much smaller than the number of Extrusion holes in a row. The extrusion solution therefore occurs after extrusion through the extrusion openings as a substantially planar curtain 3 from the Extrusion head 2.

The flat curtain 3 of continuous moldings or individual filaments becomes direct after extrusion passed through the extrusion openings through an air gap 4 and then enters a precipitation bath 5. In the air gap 4, the Endlosfonnkörper be stretched.

In the precipitation 5, which is held in a trough 6, deflection 7 are arranged. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, each curtain is a deflection device. 7 assigned. The deflection devices 7 each extend in the row direction of Extrusion duct orifices. In the spinning system of Fig. 1, the deflection devices formed as rollers or rollers, which are passive or active with the continuous moldings rotate. Alternatively, the deflection device 7 can also be used as a stationary, be curved surface designed.

According to the curtain 3 is not punctiform by the deflection 7 merged, but redirected in the form of a curtain. This has the advantage that the respective outer continuous moldings 3a, 3b of a curtain under only one dip small angle into the precipitation bath 5.

Due to the flat curtain 3 and the only small angle differences between the single Endlosformkörpern the surface of the precipitation bath 5 remains calm and it There are no currents in the Fällbadlösung resulting in tearing or sticking lead the individual continuous molding.

By the deflection 7, the curtain 3 to the outside of the precipitation bath 5 to a collecting device 8 passed. According to the invention finds a punctate Merging of the curtain only at the collector 8 instead. Of the Collecting device 8 to be the continuous moldings of a curtain as a bundle of Endlosformkörpern or forwarded as a fiber bundle.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the collection devices 8 are also as circular cylindrical rollers or rollers formed by a drive unit be driven or passively with the movement of the continuous moldings can turn around, but also be able to stand still. In each case a deflection device 7 is a Assembled collecting device 8. The axes of the collecting devices 8 run parallel to the row direction of the extrusion openings in the extrusion heads 2.

The collecting devices 8 are arranged one behind the other, that each there to Curtains joined together to form a fiber bundle 9a common fiber bundles 9b are combined. The fiber bundle 9b is inserted through Deduct 10 deducted.

The deduction mechanism 10 pulls the continuous moldings with a predetermined, controllable Abzugsgeschwindigkeit, which is slightly larger than the extrusion speed of the Extrusion solution through the extrusion openings is. Based on these Speed difference, a tensile stress is applied to the continuous moldings and the continuous moldings are stretched.

After the withdrawal unit 10, further processing steps may follow, such as for example washing, pressing or impregnating. These process steps can are each made at stations that in Fig. 1 generally with the Reference numerals 11 are provided.

The spinning unit 1 is modular and can be easily in their Capacity can be expanded or reduced. To increase the production capacity, must only a new extrusion head 20 are grown. This can be done by that the extrusion head 20 together with a this extrusion head associated Bypass 21 and a collector 22 as an extension unit 25th the modular spinning line 1 is added.

By generating the substantially planar curtain and by the deflection As a curtain, an extension is easily possible without affecting the flow strongly affected in the precipitation bath and without any further conversion measures required are. In addition, a quick and easy extension is possible only low downtime caused.

Now, with reference to FIG. 2, a second embodiment of the invention described. Here are components and parts that in the embodiment Fig. 2, the same function or the same structure as the corresponding Components and part of the embodiment of Fig. 1 have the same Reference numeral used.

The spinning system of Fig. 2 differs essentially from the spinning system of Fig. 1 by the orientation of the extrusion heads 2 and by the configuration of Deflection 7.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the extrusion heads 2 are not as in the Embodiment of FIG. 1 in parallel, but arranged in alignment in series. The individual curtains 3, which are formed by the continuous moldings, are now side by side. In this case, in each case an extrusion head 2 one or more curtains. 2 form.

Accordingly, only a single deflection device 7 is provided which is parallel to the extrusion heads 2 extends. Also in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the Endlosformkörper in the extrusion direction only behind the deflector 2 in im essentially merged a point and redirected as a curtain.

In the spinline 1 of FIG. 2, the axes of the deflection 7 and the run Collecting devices 8 perpendicular to each other. The collecting devices 8 are in the Spinning plant of Fig. 2 identical to those of the spinning plant of Fig. 1, each curtain 3 associated with a collecting device that covers the curtain at essentially one point merges and forwards as a continuous molding bundle. The Endless shaped body bundles 9a of all curtains are supplied by the collecting devices united into a single bundle 9b.

The spinning system of Fig. 2 is expandable in two ways: First of all, parallel to the existing series of extrusion heads 2 a second, third etc. row of Extrusion heads 2a are added with its own deflection 7b. ever according to the length of the collecting devices 8 can then on a collecting device two curtains each in two bundles or combined into a common bundle become.

Then, the extrusion apparatus of Fig. 2 can also by adding another Extrusion head 2 to the already existing series of extrusion heads and through Attaching an extension to the deflection device 7 and by another Collection device 8 to be expanded. As in the embodiment of FIG. 1 can while the extrusion head 2 with the extension of the deflection and with the additional collecting device designed as an extension unit.

Claims (22)

1. A method for producing a continuously molded body from an extrusion solution, in particular an extrusion solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide, the method comprising the following steps:

   supplying the extrusion solution to a plurality of extrusion orifices substantially arranged in a row;

   extruding the extrusion solution through a respective extrusion orifice to obtain a continuously molded body;

   forming a substantially planar curtain (3) by the individual, continuously molded bodies;

   characterized by the following steps:

   immersing the curtain (3) into a precipitation bath (5);

   deflecting the curtain (3) in the precipitation bath (5) by a deflector (7).
2. The method according to any one of the aforementioned claims, characterized by the following step:

   converging the curtain (3) of individual, continuously molded bodies towards substantially one point by at least one collector (8).
3. The method according to any one of the aforementioned claims, characterized by the following step:

   simultaneously producing a multitude of curtains (3).
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized by the following step:

   simultaneously deflecting the multitude of curtains (3) by at least one deflector (7).
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the following step:

   converging at least a partial amount of the multitude of curtains (3) towards substantially one point for forming a fiber bundle (9a).
6. The method according to any one of the aforementioned claims, characterized by the following steps:

   passing the extruded, continuously molded bodies through an air gap (4);

   stretching the extruded, continuously molded body in the air gap (4).
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized by the following step:

   supplying a flow of air in the air gap (4) either in the direction of extrusion or in a direction transverse to the direction of extrusion.
8. An apparatus for producing continuously molded bodies from an extrusion solution, in particular an extrusion solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide, comprising an extrusion head including a multitude of extrusion orifices substantially arranged in row-like configuration, the extrusion solution being extrudable during operation through the respective extrusion orifices to obtain a continuously molded body, the extruded, continuously molded bodies forming a substantially planar curtain due to the arrangement of the extrusion orifices, and comprising a deflector by which the curtain of extruded, continuously molded bodies is deflected during operation, characterized in that the deflector (7) is arranged in a precipitation bath (5) into which the continuously molded bodies immerse.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that a collector (8) is provided in the direction of extrusion downstream of the deflector (7), the curtain (3) being converged by the collector (8) substantially towards one point.
10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the collector (8) is arranged outside the precipitation bath (5).
11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a multitude of extrusion heads (2) out of each of which at least one curtain (3) of continuously molded bodies exits during operation.
12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the extrusion heads (2) are substantially aligned in parallel with one another in the direction of the rows of the extrusion orifices.
13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that a plurality of curtains (3) are formed by one extrusion head (2) during operation.
14. The apparatus according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that a plurality of extrusion heads (2) are preferably arranged in mutual alignment in series one behind the other.
15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that a multitude of curtains (3) are deflected by the deflector (7).
16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the deflector (7) as a deflection roller is of a substantially circular cylindrical configuration.
17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the axis of the deflection roller (7) extends either substantially in parallel with or substantially in a direction transverse to the direction of row of the extrusion orifices.
18. The apparatus according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the axes of the deflector (7) and of the collector (8) are arranged in vertically offset fashion.
19. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 18, characterized in that each curtain (3) has assigned thereto a deflector (7).
20. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 19, characterized in that each deflector (7) has assigned thereto a collector (8).
21. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 20, characterized in that the apparatus (1) is of a modular structure and comprises receiving means into which at least one extrusion head (2) and/or at least one deflector (7) and/or at least one collector (8) can detachably be inserted.
22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that for the extension of the apparatus (1) at least one extrusion head (2) and one deflector (7) are combined to form an extension unit which is mountable on the apparatus (1).

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