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EP1298306B1 - Method of operating a combustion engine - Google Patents

Method of operating a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1298306B1
EP1298306B1 EP20020017023 EP02017023A EP1298306B1 EP 1298306 B1 EP1298306 B1 EP 1298306B1 EP 20020017023 EP20020017023 EP 20020017023 EP 02017023 A EP02017023 A EP 02017023A EP 1298306 B1 EP1298306 B1 EP 1298306B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
fuel pump
combustion engine
internal combustion
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20020017023
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1298306A3 (en
EP1298306A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Schueler
Stefan Kieferle
Andreas Kellner
Juergen Dr. Hammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1298306A2 publication Critical patent/EP1298306A2/en
Publication of EP1298306A3 publication Critical patent/EP1298306A3/en
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Publication of EP1298306B1 publication Critical patent/EP1298306B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped
    • F02D41/3854Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped with elements in the low pressure part, e.g. low pressure pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2409Addressing techniques specially adapted therefor
    • F02D41/2422Selective use of one or more tables
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3082Control of electrical fuel pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2464Characteristics of actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in which a fuel pump pumps a delivery of fuel from a fuel reservoir with a pre-pressure to a metering unit, wherein the metering unit supplies a high pressure pump with an amount of fuel from the metering unit in response to a Anberichtiere is set.
  • the present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine, which is suitable for carrying out the aforementioned method.
  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine which is suitable for carrying out the aforementioned method.
  • An operating method of the aforementioned type is known and is used, for example, in fuel supply systems, in which fuel is conveyed by means of a high-pressure pump in a pressure accumulator, wherein the pressure accumulator is used to jointly supply a plurality of injectors with fuel.
  • fuel supply systems are also called common-rail systems designated.
  • the high-pressure pump of a common-rail system is supplied on the suction side by a fuel pump with a fuel quantity referred to below as delivery amount from a fuel reservoir.
  • a metering unit located between the fuel pump and the high-pressure pump is actuated with a drive variable.
  • the flow rate is made up of three subsets.
  • the first part of the flow rate forms the amount of fuel to be pumped by the high-pressure pump in the pressure accumulator. It depends on the operating point of the internal combustion engine.
  • the second part of the flow rate is needed for lubrication and cooling of the usually mechanical high-pressure pump and is substantially constant. Over the life of the high-pressure pump, however, an increase in the amount of lubricant and cooling demand can occur due to wear effects.
  • the third part of the flow rate is required for the so-called inlet pressure control of the high-pressure pump, which causes fuel to flow into the high-pressure pump only when a certain pressure level predetermined by the inlet pressure control has been reached on the suction side of the high-pressure pump.
  • inlet pressure control of the high-pressure pump causes fuel to flow into the high-pressure pump only when a certain pressure level predetermined by the inlet pressure control has been reached on the suction side of the high-pressure pump.
  • the performance of the Fuel pump so adjusted or the fuel pump are designed so that it is at least capable of supplying the high-pressure pump expected maximum delivery and the expected maximum required pre-pressure during the entire life under all operating conditions and taking into account aging and tolerances of the entire injection system constantly applied.
  • the operating point of the internal combustion engine is to be considered with the largest fuel demand. Furthermore, quantity reserves for an age-related increased lubrication and cooling requirement of the high-pressure pump must be included.
  • the wear of the fuel pump must be considered when determining the maximum required pre-pressure.
  • WO 01/53686 A2 describes a method for operating a prefeed pump of a fuel metering system of a directly injecting internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel metering except the prefeed pump has a high pressure pump and wherein the prefeed pump fuel in a low pressure region of the Kraftstoffzumesssystems and the high pressure pump fuel from the low pressure region in a high pressure region of Fuel metering system promotes.
  • the prefeed pump is controlled demand-controlled, so that the flow through the prefeed pump corresponds approximately to the flow through the high pressure pump and in the low pressure region prevails a predetermined pressure level.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve a method of the type mentioned in that the load on the fuel pump is reduced and thus their life is increased.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that it is closed by using a first characteristic of the drive quantity of the metering unit to the flow rate and using a second characteristic of the drive variable of the metering unit on the form.
  • this flow rate and this form can be determined according to a further embodiment of the invention with a map of the fuel pump, a control value for controlling the fuel pump.
  • This drive value depends on the drive quantity of the metering unit and on the first and second characteristic curves.
  • the map comprises value pairs consisting of a delivery amount value and a pre-pressure value, to which a respective activation value for the activation of the fuel pump is assigned by the characteristic field.
  • This activation value enables targeted activation of the fuel pump such that a value pair that is the basis for this activation value is established, consisting of flow rate and admission pressure.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that during the operation of the internal combustion engine, e.g. is adjusted during / after the start of the internal combustion engine. This makes it possible to subsequently adapt the assignment contained in the map.
  • the fuel pump may be formed according to a further variant of the method according to the invention as an electric fuel pump and be controlled by a pulse width modulated drive signal.
  • the computer program is executable in particular on a microprocessor and suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the invention is realized by the computer program, so that this computer program in the same way represents the invention as the method to whose execution the computer program is suitable.
  • the computer program can be stored on an electrical storage medium, for example on a flash memory or a read-only memory.
  • a fuel supply system 10 of an internal combustion engine is shown.
  • the fuel supply system 10 is also commonly referred to as a common rail system and is suitable for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine under high pressure.
  • the fuel is sucked from a fuel reservoir 11 via a first filter 12 by a fuel pump 13.
  • the fuel pump 13 may, for example, be an electric fuel pump.
  • the fuel drawn in by the fuel pump 13 is conveyed via a second filter 14 to a metering unit 15, a cooling and lubricating flow branch 28 and an overflow region 22.
  • the metering unit 15 may, for. B. be designed as a solenoid-controlled proportional valve.
  • the metering unit 15 is followed by a high-pressure pump 16.
  • a high-pressure pump 16 Usually mechanical pumps are used as a high-pressure pump 16, which are driven directly or via a transmission of the internal combustion engine.
  • the high pressure pump 16 is connected to a pressure accumulator 17, which is often referred to as a rail.
  • This accumulator 17 is connected via fuel lines with injectors 18 in contact. About these injectors 18, the fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
  • a pressure sensor 19 is coupled to the pressure accumulator 17.
  • a controller 20 is provided, which is acted upon by a plurality of input signals. These input signals may be a requested engine torque M of the internal combustion engine derived from the accelerator pedal position or the engine temperature T of the engine Internal combustion engine act. It may also be the pressure within the pressure accumulator 17, which is measured by the pressure sensor 19. In response to the input signals, the controller 20 generates a plurality of output signals. This may be, for example, a signal for controlling the fuel pump 13 or a signal for controlling the metering unit 15.
  • the fuel which is located in the fuel accumulator 11, is sucked by the fuel pump 13 and conveyed to the metering unit 15.
  • the pressure in this region of the fuel supply system 10 is usually in a range of about 2 bar to about 5 bar relative and is referred to as pre-pressure.
  • the metering unit 15 transmits a quantity of fuel predetermined by the control variable A_Z from the control unit 20 to the suction side of the high-pressure pump 16. This amount of fuel is then conveyed by the high-pressure pump 16 into the pressure accumulator 17 in order to be injected from there via the injection valves 18 into the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel pump 13 In addition to the amount of fuel intended for injection, the fuel pump 13 must deliver a certain amount of fuel to lubricate / cool the high pressure pump 16. This additional amount of fuel is supplied to the high-pressure pump 16 from the fuel pump 13 via the cooling and lubricating branch 28. A return of these lubrication and cooling amounts in the fuel tank 11 is possible via the return line 30. As is already mentioned, an overflow quantity required for adjusting the admission pressure is supplied to the overflow region 22. Also the Overflow is returned via the return line 30 in the fuel tank 11.
  • a delivery amount value F_W is calculated in a first step of the method according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 from the drive quantity A_Z of the metering unit 15 and a first characteristic KL 1 .
  • a pre-pressure value V_W is calculated in a second step from the activation variable A_Z of the metering unit 15 and a second characteristic KL 2 .
  • the delivery amount value F_W and the admission pressure value V_W are known, which must be applied by the fuel pump 13 as a function of the activation quantity A_Z of the metering unit 15 and thus indirectly as a function of the operating point of the internal combustion engine to ensure operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • a drive value A_W, with which the fuel pump 13 must be actuated, in order to be able to apply F_W and V_W, depends on the delivery quantity value F_W and the admission pressure value V_W.
  • the control value A_W is determined in a third step of the method according to the invention from a characteristic map KF, which is e.g. can be stored in a memory of the controller 20.
  • the map KF can also be adjusted during operation of the internal combustion engine, in particular during or after the start of the internal combustion engine.
  • the Fuel pump 13 are driven in a fourth step with the drive value A_W.
  • a control by means of pulse width modulation is suitable, wherein the control value A_W is represented by the pulse-pause ratio of the supply voltage of the electric fuel pump.
  • the described method ensures that the fuel pump 13 is operated only with the required power depending on the operating point of the internal combustion engine, and not, as in previous systems, constantly with maximum power.
  • the fuel pump 13 can therefore be made less robust using the method according to the invention for the same life, as designed for the same power fuel pump, which is constantly operated at maximum power.
  • the control variable A_Z of the metering unit used to determine the drive value A_W is a manipulated variable of the high-pressure control loop of the internal combustion engine. It is used at e.g. increasing total quantity required by the high pressure pump 16 already adjusted by the pressure control in the high pressure circuit to such a change in the fuel quantity requirement.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that a needs-based control of the flow rate or the fuel pump 13 without an additional, the fuel pump 13 downstream pressure sensor is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei dem eine Kraftstoffpumpe eine Fördermenge Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffspeicher mit einem Vordruck zu einer Zumesseinheit pumpt, wobei die Zumesseinheit eine Hochdruckpumpe mit einer Kraftstoffmenge versorgt, die von der Zumesseinheit in Abhängigkeit einer Ansteuergröße eingestellt wird.The present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in which a fuel pump pumps a delivery of fuel from a fuel reservoir with a pre-pressure to a metering unit, wherein the metering unit supplies a high pressure pump with an amount of fuel from the metering unit in response to a Ansteuergröße is set.

Ferner betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Steuergerät für eine Brennkraftmaschine, das zur Durchführung des vorstehend genannten Verfahrens geeignet ist.Furthermore, the present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine, which is suitable for carrying out the aforementioned method.

Schließlich betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine Brennkraftmaschine, die zur Durchführung des vorstehend genannten Verfahrens geeignet ist.Finally, the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine which is suitable for carrying out the aforementioned method.

Ein Betriebsverfahren der eingangs genannten Art ist bekannt und wird bspw. in Kraftstoffversorgungssystemen eingesetzt, bei denen Kraftstoff mittels einer Hochdruckpumpe in einen Druckspeicher gefördert wird, wobei der Druckspeicher zur gemeinsamen Versorgung mehrerer Einspritzventile mit Kraftstoff dient. Solche Kraftstoffversorgungssysteme werden auch als Common-Rail-Systeme bezeichnet.An operating method of the aforementioned type is known and is used, for example, in fuel supply systems, in which fuel is conveyed by means of a high-pressure pump in a pressure accumulator, wherein the pressure accumulator is used to jointly supply a plurality of injectors with fuel. Such fuel supply systems are also called common-rail systems designated.

Die Hochdruckpumpe eines Common-Rail-Systems wird saugseitig von einer Kraftstoffpumpe mit einer im folgenden als Fördermenge bezeichneten Kraftstoffmenge aus einem Kraftstoffspeicher versorgt. Zur Steuerung der von der Hochdruckpumpe in den Druckspeicher zu pumpenden Kraftstoffmenge wird eine zwischen Kraftstoffpumpe und Hochdruckpumpe befindliche Zumesseinheit mit einer Ansteuergröße angesteuert.The high-pressure pump of a common-rail system is supplied on the suction side by a fuel pump with a fuel quantity referred to below as delivery amount from a fuel reservoir. For controlling the amount of fuel to be pumped from the high-pressure pump into the pressure accumulator, a metering unit located between the fuel pump and the high-pressure pump is actuated with a drive variable.

Die Fördermenge setzt sich aus drei Teilmengen zusammen. Den ersten Teil der Fördermenge bildet die Kraftstoffmenge, die von der Hochdruckpumpe in den Druckspeicher zu pumpen ist. Sie hängt vom Betriebspunkt der Brennkraftmaschine ab.The flow rate is made up of three subsets. The first part of the flow rate forms the amount of fuel to be pumped by the high-pressure pump in the pressure accumulator. It depends on the operating point of the internal combustion engine.

Der zweite Teil der Fördermenge wird zur Schmierung und Kühlung der zumeist mechanisch ausgeführten Hochdruckpumpe benötigt und ist im wesentlichen konstant. Über die Lebensdauer der Hochdruckpumpe kann aber aufgrund von Abnutzungseffekten eine Erhöhung des Schmier- und Kühlmengenbedarfs auftreten.The second part of the flow rate is needed for lubrication and cooling of the usually mechanical high-pressure pump and is substantially constant. Over the life of the high-pressure pump, however, an increase in the amount of lubricant and cooling demand can occur due to wear effects.

Der dritte Teil der Fördermenge wird für die sog. Zulaufdrucksteuerung der Hochdruckpumpe benötigt, die bewirkt, dass Kraftstoff erst dann in die Hochdruckpumpe strömen kann, wenn an der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe ein gewisses, durch die Zulaufdrucksteuerung vorgegebenes, Druckniveau erreicht ist. In der weiteren Beschreibung wird der Kraftstoffdruck an der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe als Vordruck bezeichnet.The third part of the flow rate is required for the so-called inlet pressure control of the high-pressure pump, which causes fuel to flow into the high-pressure pump only when a certain pressure level predetermined by the inlet pressure control has been reached on the suction side of the high-pressure pump. In the further description of the fuel pressure at the suction side of the high-pressure pump is referred to as a form.

Über die Lebensdauer der Kraftstoffpumpe kann durch Verschleiß eine wesentliche Erhöhung des Fördermengenbedarfs auftreten. Daher muss bei statischer Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe die Leistung der Kraftstoffpumpe so eingestellt bzw. die Kraftstoffpumpe so ausgelegt werden, dass sie mindestens fähig ist, die zur Versorgung der Hochdruckpumpe erwartungsgemäß maximal erforderliche Fördermenge und den erwartungsgemäß maximal erforderlichen Vordruck während der gesamten Lebensdauer unter allen Betriebsbedingungen und unter Berücksichtigung von Alterung und Toleranzen des gesamten Einspritzsystems ständig aufzubringen.Over the life of the fuel pump may occur due to wear, a significant increase in the flow rate requirement. Therefore, with static control of the fuel pump, the performance of the Fuel pump so adjusted or the fuel pump are designed so that it is at least capable of supplying the high-pressure pump expected maximum delivery and the expected maximum required pre-pressure during the entire life under all operating conditions and taking into account aging and tolerances of the entire injection system constantly applied.

Zur Berechnung der maximal erforderlichen Fördermenge ist der Betriebspunkt der Brennkraftmaschine mit dem größten Kraftstoffbedarf zu betrachten. Weiterhin müssen Mengenreserven für einen alterungsbedingt erhöhten Schmier-und Kühlmengenbedarf der Hochdruckpumpe mit einbezogen werden.To calculate the maximum required flow rate, the operating point of the internal combustion engine is to be considered with the largest fuel demand. Furthermore, quantity reserves for an age-related increased lubrication and cooling requirement of the high-pressure pump must be included.

Der Verschleiß der Kraftstoffpumpe muss bei der Ermittlung des maximal erforderlichen Vordrucks berücksichtigt werden.The wear of the fuel pump must be considered when determining the maximum required pre-pressure.

Die WO 01/53686 A2 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Vorförderpumpe eines Kraftstoffzumesssystems einer direkt einspritzenden Brennkraftmaschine, wobei das Kraftstoffzumesssystem außer der Vorförderpumpe eine Hochdruckpumpe aufweist und wobei die Vorförderpumpe Kraftstoff in einen Niederdruckbereich des Kraftstoffzumesssystems und die Hochdruckpumpe Kraftstoff aus dem Niederdruckbereich in einen Hochdruckbereich des Kraftstoffzumesssystems fördert. Um Kavitationserscheinungen in der Hochdruckpumpe zu reduzieren, wird die Vorförderpumpe bedarfsgeregelt angesteuert, so dass der Förderstrom durch die Vorförderpumpe in etwa dem Förderstrom durch die Hochdruckpumpe entspricht und in dem Niederdruckbereich ein vorgegebenes Druckniveau herrscht.WO 01/53686 A2 describes a method for operating a prefeed pump of a fuel metering system of a directly injecting internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel metering except the prefeed pump has a high pressure pump and wherein the prefeed pump fuel in a low pressure region of the Kraftstoffzumesssystems and the high pressure pump fuel from the low pressure region in a high pressure region of Fuel metering system promotes. In order to reduce cavitation phenomena in the high pressure pump, the prefeed pump is controlled demand-controlled, so that the flow through the prefeed pump corresponds approximately to the flow through the high pressure pump and in the low pressure region prevails a predetermined pressure level.

Aufgabe und Vorteile der ErfindungPurpose and advantages of the invention

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass die Belastung der Kraftstoffpumpe verringert und damit deren Lebensdauer erhöht wird.The present invention has for its object to improve a method of the type mentioned in that the load on the fuel pump is reduced and thus their life is increased.

Ausgehend von einem Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei dem eine Kraftstoffpumpe eine Fördermenge Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffspeicher mit einem Vordruck zu einer Zumesseinheit pumpt, wobei die Zumesseinheit eine Hochdruckpumpe mit einer Kraftstoffmenge versorgt, die von der Zumesseinheit in Abhängigkeit einer Ansteuergröße eingestellt wird, wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Kraftstoffpumpe in Abhängigkeit der Ansteuergröße angesteuert wird.Starting from a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in which a fuel pump pumps a delivery amount of fuel from a fuel reservoir with a pre-pressure to a metering unit, wherein the metering unit supplies a high-pressure pump with an amount of fuel which is set by the metering unit in response to a drive variable , this object is achieved in that the fuel pump is driven in response to the control variable.

Dadurch ist es möglich, die Fördermenge bzw. den Vordruck der Kraftstoffpumpe zu beeinflussen, so dass nicht - wie bei statischer Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe - dauernd ein maximaler Vordruck erzeugt und eine maximale Fördermenge von der Kraftstoffpumpe geliefert werden muss, die meistens ungenutzt in den Kraftstoffspeicher zurückläuft. Statt dessen fördert die Kraftstoffpumpe nur die für den Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine erforderliche Kraftstoffmenge und erzeugt nur den erforderlichen Vordruck, wodurch die Leistungsaufnahme der Kraftstoffpumpe sinkt. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass zur Realisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kein zusätzlicher Niederdrucksensor zur Erfassung des Vordrucks erforderlich ist.This makes it possible to influence the flow rate or the form of the fuel pump, so not - as in static control of the fuel pump - constantly generates a maximum form and a maximum flow must be supplied by the fuel pump, which runs mostly unused in the fuel tank , Instead, the fuel pump promotes only the amount of fuel required for the operation of the internal combustion engine and generates only the required form, whereby the power consumption of the fuel pump decreases. Another advantage is that no additional low-pressure sensor for detecting the form is required to implement the method according to the invention.

Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist eine dynamische Anpassung der Fördermenge und/oder des Vordrucks an den Betriebspunkt der Brennkraftmaschine, durch die sich die mittlere Belastung der Kraftstoffpumpe verringert. Dies führt zu einer höheren Lebensdauer der Kraftstoffpumpe.Very particularly advantageous is a dynamic adjustment of the flow rate and / or the form at the operating point of the internal combustion engine, through which reduces the average load of the fuel pump. This leads to a longer service life of the fuel pump.

Unter Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es deshalb denkbar, die Kraftstoffpumpe bei gleicher Leistung weniger robust auszulegen, um Produktionskosten und Gewicht zu sparen und zugleich eine zu herkömmlichen Systemen vergleichbare Lebensdauer zu erhalten.Using the method according to the invention, it is therefore conceivable to design the fuel pump with the same power less robust in order to save production costs and weight and at the same time to obtain comparable to conventional systems life.

Es ist umgekehrt auch möglich, mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren herkömmliche Kraftstoffpumpen mit einer gesteigerten Fördermenge zu betreiben.Conversely, it is also possible to operate with the inventive method conventional fuel pump with an increased flow rate.

Vorteilhaft ist auch der geringere Filterdurchsatz, wodurch die Versulzung verwendeter Kraftstoffilter aufgrund von Paraffinausscheidung beim Betrieb bei sehr niedrigen Kraftstofftemperaturen verkleinert werden kann.Also advantageous is the lower filter throughput, whereby the Verulzung used fuel filter can be reduced due to paraffin precipitation during operation at very low fuel temperatures.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unter Verwendung einer ersten Kennlinie von der Ansteuergröße der Zumesseinheit auf die Fördermenge und unter Verwendung einer zweiten Kennlinie von der Ansteuergröße der Zumesseinheit auf den Vordruck geschlossen wird.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that it is closed by using a first characteristic of the drive quantity of the metering unit to the flow rate and using a second characteristic of the drive variable of the metering unit on the form.

Unter Kenntnis dieser Fördermenge und dieses Vordrucks kann gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einem Kennfeld der Kraftstoffpumpe ein Ansteuerwert zur Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe ermittelt werden. Dieser Ansteuerwert hängt von der Ansteuergröße der Zumesseinheit und von der ersten und zweiten Kennlinie ab.Under the knowledge of this flow rate and this form can be determined according to a further embodiment of the invention with a map of the fuel pump, a control value for controlling the fuel pump. This drive value depends on the drive quantity of the metering unit and on the first and second characteristic curves.

Das Kennfeld umfasst aus einem Fördermengenwert und einem Vordruckwert bestehende Wertepaare, denen durch das Kennfeld jeweils ein Ansteuerwert für die Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe zugeordnet ist. Dieser Ansteuerwert ermöglicht eine gezielte Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe derart, dass sich ein diesem Ansteuerwert zugrunde liegendes Wertpaar bestehend aus Fördermenge und Vordruck einstellt.The map comprises value pairs consisting of a delivery amount value and a pre-pressure value, to which a respective activation value for the activation of the fuel pump is assigned by the characteristic field. This activation value enables targeted activation of the fuel pump such that a value pair that is the basis for this activation value is established, consisting of flow rate and admission pressure.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass das Kennfeld während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine, z.B. bei/nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine abgeglichen wird. Dadurch ist es möglich, die in dem Kennfeld enthaltene Zuordnung nachträglich anzupassen.A further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that during the operation of the internal combustion engine, e.g. is adjusted during / after the start of the internal combustion engine. This makes it possible to subsequently adapt the assignment contained in the map.

Die Kraftstoffpumpe kann gemäß einer weiteren Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens als Elektrokraftstoffpumpe ausgebildet sein und durch ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Ansteuersignal angesteuert werden.The fuel pump may be formed according to a further variant of the method according to the invention as an electric fuel pump and be controlled by a pulse width modulated drive signal.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Realisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in Form eines Computerprogramms, das für ein Steuergerät einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, vorgesehen ist. Dabei ist das Computerprogramm insbesondere auf einem Mikroprozessor ablauffähig und zur Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens geeignet. In diesem Fall wird also die Erfindung durch das Computerprogramm realisiert, so dass dieses Computerprogramm in gleicher Weise die Erfindung darstellt wie das Verfahren, zu dessen Ausführung das Computerprogramm geeignet ist. Das Computerprogramm kann auf einem elektrischen Speichermedium abgespeichert sein, bspw. auf einem Flash-Memory oder einem Read-Only-Memory.Of particular importance is the realization of the method according to the invention in the form of a computer program, which is provided for a control unit of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. In this case, the computer program is executable in particular on a microprocessor and suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. In this case, therefore, the invention is realized by the computer program, so that this computer program in the same way represents the invention as the method to whose execution the computer program is suitable. The computer program can be stored on an electrical storage medium, for example on a flash memory or a read-only memory.

Weitere Merkmale, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung, die in den Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. Dabei bilden alle beschriebenen oder dargestellten Merkmale für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination den Gegenstand der Erfindung, unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Patentansprüchen oder deren Rückbeziehung sowie unabhängig von ihrer Formulierung bzw. Darstellung in der Beschreibung bzw. in der Zeichnung.Other features, applications and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention, which are illustrated in the figures of the drawing. All described or illustrated features, alone or in any combination form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their dependency and regardless of their formulation or representation in the description or in the drawing.

Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung

Figur 1
zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines Kraftstoffversorgungssystems einer erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug, und
Figur 2
zeigt in einem Ablaufplan eine Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
Embodiment of the invention
FIG. 1
shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine according to the invention for a motor vehicle, and
FIG. 2
shows in a flowchart a variant of the method according to the invention.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Kraftstoffversorgungssystem 10 einer Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt. Das Kraftstoffversorgungssystem 10 wird üblicherweise auch als Common-Rail-System bezeichnet und ist zur direkten Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine unter Hochdruck geeignet.1, a fuel supply system 10 of an internal combustion engine is shown. The fuel supply system 10 is also commonly referred to as a common rail system and is suitable for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine under high pressure.

Der Kraftstoff wird aus einem Kraftstoffspeicher 11 über ein erstes Filter 12 von einer Kraftstoffpumpe 13 angesaugt. Bei der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 kann es sich bspw. um eine elektrische Kraftstoffpumpe handeln.The fuel is sucked from a fuel reservoir 11 via a first filter 12 by a fuel pump 13. The fuel pump 13 may, for example, be an electric fuel pump.

Der von der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 angesaugte Kraftstoff wird über ein zweites Filter 14 zu einer Zumesseinheit 15, einem Kühl- und Schmierstromzweig 28 und einem Überströmbereich 22 gefördert. Die Zumesseinheit 15 kann z. B. als magnetgesteuertes Proportionalventil ausgebildet sein.The fuel drawn in by the fuel pump 13 is conveyed via a second filter 14 to a metering unit 15, a cooling and lubricating flow branch 28 and an overflow region 22. The metering unit 15 may, for. B. be designed as a solenoid-controlled proportional valve.

Der Zumesseinheit 15 ist eine Hochdruckpumpe 16 nachgeordnet. Üblicherweise werden mechanische Pumpen als Hochdruckpumpe 16 eingesetzt, die direkt oder auch über ein Getriebe von der Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben werden.The metering unit 15 is followed by a high-pressure pump 16. Usually mechanical pumps are used as a high-pressure pump 16, which are driven directly or via a transmission of the internal combustion engine.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 16 ist mit einem Druckspeicher 17 verbunden, der häufig auch als Rail bezeichnet wird. Dieser Druckspeicher 17 steht über Kraftstoffleitungen mit Einspritzventilen 18 in Kontakt. Über diese Einspritzventile 18 wird der Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt. Ein Drucksensor 19 ist mit dem Druckspeicher 17 gekoppelt.The high pressure pump 16 is connected to a pressure accumulator 17, which is often referred to as a rail. This accumulator 17 is connected via fuel lines with injectors 18 in contact. About these injectors 18, the fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. A pressure sensor 19 is coupled to the pressure accumulator 17.

Ein Steuergerät 20 ist vorgesehen, das von einer Mehrzahl von Eingangssignalen beaufschlagt ist. Bei diesen Eingangssignalen kann es sich um ein aus der Gaspedalstellung abgeleitetes angefordertes Motormoment M der Brennkraftmaschine oder die Motortemperatur T der Brennkraftmaschine handeln. Ebenfalls kann es sich dabei um den Druck innerhalb des Druckspeichers 17 handeln, der von dem Drucksensor 19 gemessen wird. In Abhängigkeit von den Eingangssignalen erzeugt das Steuergerät 20 eine Mehrzahl von Ausgangssignalen. Dabei kann es sich bspw. um ein Signal zur Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 oder um ein Signal zur Ansteuerung der Zumesseinheit 15 handeln.A controller 20 is provided, which is acted upon by a plurality of input signals. These input signals may be a requested engine torque M of the internal combustion engine derived from the accelerator pedal position or the engine temperature T of the engine Internal combustion engine act. It may also be the pressure within the pressure accumulator 17, which is measured by the pressure sensor 19. In response to the input signals, the controller 20 generates a plurality of output signals. This may be, for example, a signal for controlling the fuel pump 13 or a signal for controlling the metering unit 15.

Nachfolgend wird die Funktionsweise des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kraftstoffversorgungssystems 10 erläutert.The operation of the fuel supply system 10 shown in FIG. 1 will be explained below.

Der Kraftstoff, der sich im Kraftstoffspeicher 11 befindet, wird von der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 angesaugt und zur Zumesseinheit 15 gefördert. Der Druck in diesem Bereich des Kraftstoffversorgungssystems 10 liegt üblicherweise in einem Bereich von etwa 2 bar bis etwa 5 bar relativ und wird im Folgenden als Vordruck bezeichnet.The fuel, which is located in the fuel accumulator 11, is sucked by the fuel pump 13 and conveyed to the metering unit 15. The pressure in this region of the fuel supply system 10 is usually in a range of about 2 bar to about 5 bar relative and is referred to as pre-pressure.

Die Zumesseinheit 15 gibt eine durch die Ansteuergröße A_Z vom Steuergerät 20 vorgegebene Kraftstoffmenge an die Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 16 weiter. Diese Kraftstoffmenge wird dann von der Hochdruckpumpe 16 in den Druckspeicher 17 gefördert, um von dort über die Einspritzventile 18 in die jeweiligen Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt zu werden.The metering unit 15 transmits a quantity of fuel predetermined by the control variable A_Z from the control unit 20 to the suction side of the high-pressure pump 16. This amount of fuel is then conveyed by the high-pressure pump 16 into the pressure accumulator 17 in order to be injected from there via the injection valves 18 into the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.

Zusätzlich zu der für die Einspritzung bestimmten Kraftstoffmenge muss die Kraftstoffpumpe 13 eine gewisse Kraftstoffmenge zur Schmierung/Kühlung der Hochdruckpumpe 16 liefern. Diese zusätzliche Kraftstoffmenge wird der Hochdruckpumpe 16 von der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 über den Kühl-und Schmierstromzweig 28 zugeführt. Ein Rücklauf dieser Schmier- und Kühlmengen in den Kraftstoffspeicher 11 ist über die Rückleitung 30 möglich. Eine zur Einstellung des Vordrucks erforderliche Überströmmenge wird, wie bereits angesprochen, dem Überströmbereich 22 zugeführt. Auch die Überströmmenge wird über die Rückleitung 30 in den Kraftstoffspeicher 11 zurückgeführt.In addition to the amount of fuel intended for injection, the fuel pump 13 must deliver a certain amount of fuel to lubricate / cool the high pressure pump 16. This additional amount of fuel is supplied to the high-pressure pump 16 from the fuel pump 13 via the cooling and lubricating branch 28. A return of these lubrication and cooling amounts in the fuel tank 11 is possible via the return line 30. As is already mentioned, an overflow quantity required for adjusting the admission pressure is supplied to the overflow region 22. Also the Overflow is returned via the return line 30 in the fuel tank 11.

Zur Anpassung der von der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 geförderten Kraftstoffmenge an den Betriebspunkt der Brennkraftmaschine wird in einem ersten Schritt des in Fig. 2 gezeigten erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens aus der Ansteuergröße A_Z der Zumesseinheit 15 und einer ersten Kennlinie KL1 ein Fördermengenwert F_W berechnet.In order to adapt the fuel quantity delivered by the fuel pump 13 to the operating point of the internal combustion engine, a delivery amount value F_W is calculated in a first step of the method according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 from the drive quantity A_Z of the metering unit 15 and a first characteristic KL 1 .

Zur Anpassung des Vordrucks an den Betriebspunkt der Brennkraftmaschine wird in einem zweiten Schritt aus der Ansteuergröße A_Z der Zumesseinheit 15 und einer zweiten Kennlinie KL2 ein Vordruckwert V_W berechnet.In order to adapt the admission pressure to the operating point of the internal combustion engine, a pre-pressure value V_W is calculated in a second step from the activation variable A_Z of the metering unit 15 and a second characteristic KL 2 .

Nach dem zweiten Schritt des Verfahrens sind also der Fördermengenwert F_W und der Vordruckwert V_W bekannt, die von der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 in Abhängigkeit der Ansteuergröße A_Z der Zumesseinheit 15 und damit indirekt in Abhängigkeit des Betriebspunkts der Brennkraftmaschine aufgebracht werden müssen, um den Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine sicherzustellen.After the second step of the method, the delivery amount value F_W and the admission pressure value V_W are known, which must be applied by the fuel pump 13 as a function of the activation quantity A_Z of the metering unit 15 and thus indirectly as a function of the operating point of the internal combustion engine to ensure operation of the internal combustion engine.

Mit dem Fördermengenwert F_W und dem Vordruckwert V_W hängt ein Ansteuerwert A_W zusammen, mit dem die Kraftstoffpumpe 13 angesteuert werden muss, um F_W und V_W aufbringen zu können.A drive value A_W, with which the fuel pump 13 must be actuated, in order to be able to apply F_W and V_W, depends on the delivery quantity value F_W and the admission pressure value V_W.

Der Ansteuerwert A_W wird in einem dritten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens aus einem Kennfeld KF ermittelt, das z.B. in einem Speicher des Steuergeräts 20 abgelegt sein kann. Das Kennfeld KF kann auch während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere bei oder nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine, abgeglichen werden.The control value A_W is determined in a third step of the method according to the invention from a characteristic map KF, which is e.g. can be stored in a memory of the controller 20. The map KF can also be adjusted during operation of the internal combustion engine, in particular during or after the start of the internal combustion engine.

Im Anschluss an den dritten Schritt kann die Kraftstoffpumpe 13 in einem vierten Schritt mit dem Ansteuerwert A_W angesteuert werden. Bei einer Elektrokraftstoffpumpe bietet sich eine Ansteuerung mittels Pulsweitenmodulation an, wobei der Ansteuerwert A_W durch das Puls-Pausen-Verhältnis der Versorgungsspannung der Elektrokraftstoffpumpe repräsentiert wird.After the third step, the Fuel pump 13 are driven in a fourth step with the drive value A_W. In the case of an electric fuel pump, a control by means of pulse width modulation is suitable, wherein the control value A_W is represented by the pulse-pause ratio of the supply voltage of the electric fuel pump.

Das beschriebene Verfahren stellt sicher, dass die Kraftstoffpumpe 13 in Abhängigkeit des Betriebspunkts der Brennkraftmaschine nur mit der erforderlichen Leistung betrieben wird, und nicht, wie bei bisherigen Systemen, ständig mit maximaler Leistung.The described method ensures that the fuel pump 13 is operated only with the required power depending on the operating point of the internal combustion engine, and not, as in previous systems, constantly with maximum power.

Dadurch reduziert sich die Betriebsdauer der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 bei Maximalleistung deutlich.This reduces the operating time of the fuel pump 13 at maximum power significantly.

Die Kraftstoffpumpe 13 kann daher unter Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bei gleicher Lebensdauer weniger robust ausgelegt werden, als eine für die gleiche Leistung ausgelegte Kraftstoffpumpe, die ständig mit Maximalleistung betrieben wird.The fuel pump 13 can therefore be made less robust using the method according to the invention for the same life, as designed for the same power fuel pump, which is constantly operated at maximum power.

Es ist auch möglich, mit herkömmlich ausgelegten Kraftstoffpumpen 13, die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren arbeiten, höhere Fördermengen bereitzustellen, wodurch leistungsfähigere Kraftstoffversorgungssysteme 10 verfügbar werden.It is also possible to provide higher flow rates with conventionally designed fuel pumps 13 operating in accordance with the method of the present invention, thereby making more efficient fuel supply systems 10 available.

Die zur Ermittlung des Ansteuerwerts A_W verwendete Ansteuergröße A_Z der Zumesseinheit ist eine Stellgröße des Hochdruck-Regelkreises der Brennkraftmaschine. Sie wird bei z.B. steigendem Gesamtmengenbedarf der Hochdruckpumpe 16 bereits durch die Druckregelung im Hochdruckkreis an eine derartige Änderung des Kraftstoffmengenbedarfs angepasst.The control variable A_Z of the metering unit used to determine the drive value A_W is a manipulated variable of the high-pressure control loop of the internal combustion engine. It is used at e.g. increasing total quantity required by the high pressure pump 16 already adjusted by the pressure control in the high pressure circuit to such a change in the fuel quantity requirement.

Dadurch muss die zur Kompensation solcher Änderungen des Kraftstoffmengenbedarfs erforderliche Reservemenge auch nicht mehr bei der Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 berücksichtigt werden, sie wird adaptiv durch die Ansteuergröße A_Z der Zumesseinheit 15 angepasst, die auf A_W wirkt.This must compensate for such changes in the Required amount of fuel required quantity is no longer taken into account in the control of the fuel pump 13, it is adaptively adapted by the control quantity A_Z the metering unit 15, which acts on A_W.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass eine bedarfsgerechte Steuerung der Fördermenge bzw. der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 ohne einen zusätzlichen, der Kraftstoffpumpe 13 nachgeschalteten Drucksensor möglich ist.Another advantage of the invention is that a needs-based control of the flow rate or the fuel pump 13 without an additional, the fuel pump 13 downstream pressure sensor is possible.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which a fuel pump (13) pumps a delivery quantity of fuel from a fuel tank (11) at an admission pressure to a metering unit (15), the metering unit (15) supplying a high pressure pump (16) with a quantity of fuel which is set by the metering unit (15) as a function of a drive variable (A_Z), and the fuel pump (13) being driven as a function of the drive variable (A_Z), characterized in that, given knowledge of the delivery quantity and the admission pressure, a characteristic diagram (KF) for the fuel pump (13) is used to determine a drive value (A_W) for driving the fuel pump (13), the characteristic diagram (KF) comprising value pairs (F_W; V_W) consisting of a delivery quantity value (F_W) and an admission pressure value (V_W), and said value pairs (F_W; V_W) each being assigned, by means of the characteristic curve (KF), a drive value (A_W) for driving the fuel pump (13).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the driving of the fuel pump (13) is used to influence the delivery quantity and/or the admission pressure.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the driving of the fuel pump (13) is used to dynamically adapt the delivery quantity and/or the admission pressure to the operating point of the internal combustion engine.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first characteristic curve (KL1) and/or a second characteristic curve (KL2) are used to determine the delivery quantity and/or the admission pressure.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic diagram (KF) is adjusted while the internal combustion engine is operating, in particular at/after start-up of the internal combustion engine.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel pump (13) is embodied as an electric fuel pump, and in that the fuel pump (13) is driven by means of a pulse-width-modulated drive signal.
  7. Computer program for a control unit (20) of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the computer program is suitable for carrying out a method according to one of Claims 1 to 6.
  8. Computer program according to Claim 7, characterized in that the computer program is stored on an electric storage medium, in particular on a flash memory or a read-only memory.
  9. Control unit (20) for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the control unit (20) is suitable for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 6.
  10. Internal combustion engine having a control unit (20) according to Claim 9.
EP20020017023 2001-09-28 2002-07-27 Method of operating a combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1298306B1 (en)

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DE2001148222 DE10148222A1 (en) 2001-09-28 2001-09-28 Method for operating an internal combustion engine
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JP4181373B2 (en) 2008-11-12
ES2267905T3 (en) 2007-03-16
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EP1298306A3 (en) 2004-11-10
JP2003176745A (en) 2003-06-27
EP1298306A2 (en) 2003-04-02

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