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EP1282146A1 - Arc extinguishing device - Google Patents

Arc extinguishing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1282146A1
EP1282146A1 EP02291721A EP02291721A EP1282146A1 EP 1282146 A1 EP1282146 A1 EP 1282146A1 EP 02291721 A EP02291721 A EP 02291721A EP 02291721 A EP02291721 A EP 02291721A EP 1282146 A1 EP1282146 A1 EP 1282146A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
conductive
fixed contact
arc
conductive part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02291721A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1282146B1 (en
Inventor
Guy Cottone
Alain Simond
Sylvain Merrichelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Legrand SNC
Legrand France SA
Original Assignee
Legrand SA
Legrand SNC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Legrand SA, Legrand SNC filed Critical Legrand SA
Publication of EP1282146A1 publication Critical patent/EP1282146A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1282146B1 publication Critical patent/EP1282146B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for extinguishing an electric arc for a protective device such as a circuit breaker.
  • the invention aims to improve a such device, in particular by increasing its breaking capacity.
  • the first conductive part is produced in copper, the second conductive part being preferably made in a ferromagnetic material, for example steel, while the fixed contact is in particular in the form of a silver pellet. This results in a better conduction of the electric arc.
  • the invention also proposes, according to a second aspect, a circuit breaker limiter comprising a device as previously described.
  • this circuit breaker comprises an electromagnet adapted to control the separation of the fixed and mobile contacts, said electromagnet comprising an electrically connected coil at the end, on the one hand, a contact terminal of the circuit breaker and, secondly, to the first piece conductive.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a limiter circuit breaker 1 comprising a housing 2 in which is housed a control device 3 opening a electrical circuit 4 connecting an input terminal 5 to an output terminal 6.
  • the circuit breaker 1 has a fixed contact 7 electrically connected to the terminal input 5, and a movable contact 8 electrically connected to the output terminal 6.
  • the movable contact 8 is here produced in the form of a metal lever pivoting; it is adapted to occupy, on the one hand, in a so-called configuration switched on circuit breaker 1, shown in Figure 1, a so-called closed position in which it comes to apply against the fixed contact 7 by establishing with it a electrical contact and, on the other hand, in a so-called triggered configuration of the circuit breaker 1, illustrated in FIG. 2, a so-called open position in which it is discarded from the fixed contact 7.
  • the control device 3 comprises an electromagnet 9 consisting of a coil 10 electrically connected at the end on the one hand, to the input terminal 5 and on the other hand, at the fixed contact 7, and a ferromagnetic core 11 introduced into the spiral winding of the coil 10.
  • the core 11 is mounted mobile in translation along the main axis of the winding of the coil 10, and it is adapted to move, under the effect of a overcurrent of the current flowing in the coil 10, from an inactive position to an active position in which, by pushing at one of its ends a trigger 12 which, in the engaged configuration, maintains the moving contact 8 in the closed position against a return spring 13, causes the moving the movable contact 8 to its open position to open the circuit electrical 4 and trip circuit breaker 1.
  • a reset mechanism 14 comprising a lever 15 to provision of the user and whose displacement after triggering the circuit breaker 1, is able, through a set of levers 16, to restore contact mobile 8 in closed position.
  • the circuit breaker 1 further comprises a device 19 for extinguishing the arc 17, which has a breaking chamber 20 located at a distance from the zone 18 and formed of a plurality of conductive plates 21 superimposed, as well as two drivers facing each other commonly called horns, namely an upstream horn 22 and a downstream horn 23, these horns 22, 23 being adapted to guide the arc 17 from the training zone 18 to the chamber cutoff 20 where it is off.
  • a breaking chamber 20 located at a distance from the zone 18 and formed of a plurality of conductive plates 21 superimposed, as well as two drivers facing each other commonly called horns, namely an upstream horn 22 and a downstream horn 23, these horns 22, 23 being adapted to guide the arc 17 from the training zone 18 to the chamber cutoff 20 where it is off.
  • each horn 22, 23 has an anterior portion 24, 26 delimiting a space called prechamber 28, located between the zone of formation 18 of the arc 17 and the breaking chamber 20, each anterior portion 24, 26 being extended by a posterior portion 25, 27 which borders the chamber cutoff 20.
  • the front portions 24, 26 horns 22, 23 are first convergent from the formation zone 18 of the arc 17 to an intermediate zone 29 located in the prechamber 28, then diverging from this intermediate zone 29 to the interrupting chamber 20.
  • the upstream horn 22 is formed of two conductive parts distinct, namely a first piece 30 which forms the anterior portion 24 of the horn 22, and a second piece 31 which forms its posterior portion 25.
  • These two conductive pieces 30, 31 overlap in the prechamber 28 at vicinity of the breaking chamber 20, in this case at the limit thereof, the second conductive part 31 being, in line with the point of overlap, shifted outward from the prechamber 28 relative to the first piece conductor 30.
  • the point of overlap of the two conductive parts 30, 31 is in the part of the prechamber 28 where the horns 22, 23 diverge.
  • the electric arc 17, which was propelled to the interior of the prechamber 28 towards the breaking chamber 20 reaches the point of overlap after passing intermediate zone 29 he jumps out of the first conductive part 30 to the second 31 without particular difficulty.
  • the two conductive parts 30, 31 are in simple mechanical contact, no particular electrical connection such as a welding being provided between them.
  • the second conductive part 31 is embedded in the first 30, this imbrication sufficient to maintain relative two parts conductive 30, 31 relative to each other.
  • the first conductive part 30 is here in the form of a blade made of copper, or steel covered with a layer of copper, folded so as to have a C-shaped profile and arranged so that its concavity is oriented towards the interrupting chamber 20.
  • the second conductive part 31 is also formed of a metal blade, preferably made of a material ferromagnetic, especially steel, and which has a straight portion 35 bordering the interrupting chamber 20, extended towards the first conductive part 30 by a bent portion 36 having a substantially complementary shape of the first conductive part 30 and nested in it, so that the second conductive part 31 has a substantially b-shaped profile whose curved part is turned towards the prechamber 28.
  • the two conductive parts 30, 31 are, in fine, in contact mechanical in several places. However, it is preferable that they are in contact at least to the right of the fixed contact 7.
  • This configuration namely the shape and the relative arrangement of the parts conductors 30, 31, in particular the arrangement of the first conductive part
  • the material of the first and second conductive parts 30, 31, respectively copper and steel provides a magnetic effect which concentration of a magnetic field around the arc 17, propels the latter from the formation zone 18 to the interrupting chamber 20.
  • the fixed contact 7 presents itself in the form of a silver pellet reported on the first conductive part 30, so that if the electrical conductivity of the upstream horn 22 goes into descending from the formation zone 18 of the arc 17 to the chamber of cut 20, its mechanical resistance to wear is increasing, which forms a good compromise between the guiding capabilities of the arc 17 and the durability of the extinguishing device 19.
  • the latter carries a ramp 37 which substantially continuously connects the contact face 38 of the fixed contact 7, against which is able to come to apply the movable contact 8, and the surface 39 of the first conductive part 30.
  • This ramp 37 presents the advantage of facilitating the positioning of the fixed contact 7 on the first piece conductor 30 during assembly.
  • downstream horn 23 this can be carried out in a manner conventional copper, or preferably steel covered for example with a layer of copper so as to present both good electrical conductivity and mechanical resistance to wear under the effect of the arc.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The electrical arc extinction mechanism (19) for an electrical arc (17) in a zone of the circuit breaker chamber (20). There are two facing conductors (22,23) one carrying the fixed contact (7) guiding the arc in the formation zone. The fixed contact conductor has two saddling conductor pieces (30) forming mechanical contact. The first piece forms the conductor front piece (24) and the second piece forms the rear portion (25).

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour l'extinction d'un arc électrique pour un appareil de protection tel qu'un disjoncteur.The invention relates to a device for extinguishing an electric arc for a protective device such as a circuit breaker.

Un tel arc électrique est établi dans une zone de formation entre un contact fixe et un contact mobile de l'appareil. Pour l'extinction de l'arc, un tel dispositif comporte habituellement :

  • une chambre de coupure située à distance de ladite zone de formation et formée d'une pluralité de plaques conductrices superposées,
  • deux conducteurs en regard dont l'un porte le contact fixe, adaptés à guider l'arc depuis sa zone de formation vers la chambre de coupure et présentant chacun à cet effet une portion antérieure délimitant un espace dit préchambre situé entre la zone de formation de l'arc et la chambre de coupure, cette portion antérieure étant prolongée par une portion postérieure qui borde la chambre de coupure.
Such an electric arc is established in a formation zone between a fixed contact and a movable contact of the apparatus. For the extinction of the arc, such a device usually comprises:
  • an interrupting chamber located at a distance from said forming zone and formed of a plurality of superimposed conductive plates,
  • two facing conductors, one of which carries the fixed contact, adapted to guide the arc from its formation zone to the interrupting chamber and each having for this purpose an anterior portion delimiting a so-called prechamber space located between the formation zone of the arc and the cutting chamber, this anterior portion being extended by a posterior portion which borders the breaking chamber.

Pour illustrer ce type de dispositif, l'on pourra se reporter à la demande de brevet français publiée sous le numéro FR-A-2 598 028.To illustrate this type of device, reference may be made to the request for French patent published under the number FR-A-2 598 028.

Bien qu'il donne généralement satisfaction, l'invention vise à améliorer un tel dispositif, notamment en augmentant son pouvoir de coupure.Although it generally gives satisfaction, the invention aims to improve a such device, in particular by increasing its breaking capacity.

A cet effet, l'invention propose selon un premier aspect, un dispositif pour l'extinction d'un arc électrique établi dans une zone dite de formation de l'arc entre un contact fixe et un contact mobile d'un appareil de protection tel qu'un disjoncteur, ce dispositif comportant

  • une chambre de coupure située à distance de ladite zone de formation et formée d'une pluralité de plaques conductrices superposées,
  • deux conducteurs en regard dont l'un porte le contact fixe, adaptés à guider l'arc depuis sa zone de formation vers la chambre de coupure et présentant chacun à cet effet une portion antérieure délimitant un espace dit préchambre situé entre la zone de formation de l'arc et la chambre de coupure, cette portion antérieure étant prolongée par une portion postérieure qui borde la chambre de coupure ;
le conducteur portant le contact fixe étant formé de deux pièces conductrices distinctes qui se chevauchent et sont en simple contact mécanique, à savoir une première pièce formant la portion antérieure du conducteur, et une deuxième pièce formant sa portion postérieure. For this purpose, according to a first aspect, the invention proposes a device for extinguishing an electric arc established in a so-called arcing zone between a fixed contact and a movable contact of a protective device such as a circuit breaker, this device comprising
  • an interrupting chamber located at a distance from said forming zone and formed of a plurality of superimposed conductive plates,
  • two facing conductors, one of which carries the fixed contact, adapted to guide the arc from its formation zone to the interrupting chamber and each having for this purpose an anterior portion delimiting a so-called prechamber space located between the formation zone of the arc and the cutting chamber, this anterior portion being extended by a posterior portion which borders the breaking chamber;
the conductor carrying the fixed contact being formed of two distinct conductive pieces which overlap and are in simple mechanical contact, namely a first piece forming the anterior portion of the conductor, and a second piece forming its posterior portion.

De la sorte, le contact électrique entre les deux pièces conductrices est imparfait. Il en résulte l'apparition entre elles d'une résistance électrique qui, provoquant l'augmentation de la tension d'arc, entraíne la diminution de l'intensité de coupure. La capacité de coupure du dispositif s'en trouve nettement améliorée.In this way, the electrical contact between the two conductive parts is imperfect. The result is the appearance between them of an electrical resistance which, causing the increase of the arc voltage, causes the decrease of the cutoff intensity. The breaking capacity of the device is clearly improved.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la première pièce conductrice est réalisée en cuivre, la deuxième pièce conductrice étant de préférence réalisée dans un matériau ferromagnétique, par exemple en acier, tandis que le contact fixe se présente notamment sous la forme d'une pastille argentée. Il en résulte une meilleure conduction de l'arc électrique.According to one embodiment, the first conductive part is produced in copper, the second conductive part being preferably made in a ferromagnetic material, for example steel, while the fixed contact is in particular in the form of a silver pellet. This results in a better conduction of the electric arc.

Par ailleurs, selon d'autres caractéristiques préférentielles mais non limitatives :

  • les pièces conductrices se chevauchent dans la préchambre à la limite de la chambre de coupure ;
  • la deuxième pièce conductrice est imbriquée dans la première ;
  • la première pièce conductrice porte le contact fixe ;
  • les pièces conductrices sont en contact mécanique au moins au droit du contact fixe ;
  • le contact fixe étant en relief par rapport à la première pièce conductrice et présentant une face de contact contre laquelle est apte à venir s'appliquer ledit contact mobile, la première pièce conductrice porte une rampe reliant de manière sensiblement continue ladite face de contact et la surface extérieure de la première pièce conductrice.
Moreover, according to other preferential but non-limiting characteristics:
  • the conductive parts overlap in the antechamber at the boundary of the interrupting chamber;
  • the second conductive part is nested in the first;
  • the first conductive part carries the fixed contact;
  • the conductive parts are in mechanical contact at least in line with the fixed contact;
  • the fixed contact being in relief relative to the first conductive part and having a contact face against which is able to come to apply said moving contact, the first conductive part carries a ramp connecting substantially continuously said contact face and the outer surface of the first conductive part.

L'invention propose également, selon un deuxième aspect, un disjoncteur limiteur comportant un dispositif tel que précédemment décrit.The invention also proposes, according to a second aspect, a circuit breaker limiter comprising a device as previously described.

Selon un mode de réalisation, ce disjoncteur comporte un électroaimant adapté à commander la séparation des contacts fixe et mobile, ledit électroaimant comportant une bobine reliée électriquement en bout, d'une part, à une borne de contact du disjoncteur et, d'autre part, à la première pièce conductrice.According to one embodiment, this circuit breaker comprises an electromagnet adapted to control the separation of the fixed and mobile contacts, said electromagnet comprising an electrically connected coil at the end, on the one hand, a contact terminal of the circuit breaker and, secondly, to the first piece conductive.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue d'élévation en plan en arraché d'un disjoncteur limiteur selon l'invention, dans une configuration enclenchée où ses contacts fixe et mobile sont en contact électrique ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue similaire à la figure 1, le disjoncteur étant ici représenté dans une configuration déclenchée dans lequel le contact mobile est écarté du contact fixe ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue d'un détail de la figure 2, illustrant le dispositif selon l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the light of the following description of an embodiment given by way of non-limiting example, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a plan elevation view torn from a limiting circuit breaker according to the invention, in an engaged configuration where its fixed and movable contacts are in electrical contact;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, the circuit breaker being shown here in a triggered configuration in which the movable contact is spaced from the fixed contact;
  • Figure 3 is a view of a detail of Figure 2, illustrating the device according to the invention.

Sur les figures 1 et 2 est représenté un disjoncteur limiteur 1 comportant un boítier 2 dans lequel est logé un dispositif de commande 3 d'ouverture d'un circuit électrique 4 reliant une borne d'entrée 5 à une borne de sortie 6.FIGS. 1 and 2 show a limiter circuit breaker 1 comprising a housing 2 in which is housed a control device 3 opening a electrical circuit 4 connecting an input terminal 5 to an output terminal 6.

Le disjoncteur 1 comporte un contact fixe 7 relié électriquement à la borne d'entrée 5, ainsi qu'un contact mobile 8 relié électriquement à la borne de sortie 6. Le contact mobile 8 est ici réalisé sous la forme d'un levier métallique pivotant; il est adapté à occuper, d'une part, dans une configuration dite enclenchée du disjoncteur 1, illustrée sur la figure 1, une position dite fermée dans laquelle il vient s'appliquer contre le contact fixe 7 en établissant avec lui un contact électrique et, d'autre part, dans une configuration dite déclenchée du disjoncteur 1, illustrée sur la figure 2, une position dite ouverte dans laquelle il se trouve écarté du contact fixe 7.The circuit breaker 1 has a fixed contact 7 electrically connected to the terminal input 5, and a movable contact 8 electrically connected to the output terminal 6. The movable contact 8 is here produced in the form of a metal lever pivoting; it is adapted to occupy, on the one hand, in a so-called configuration switched on circuit breaker 1, shown in Figure 1, a so-called closed position in which it comes to apply against the fixed contact 7 by establishing with it a electrical contact and, on the other hand, in a so-called triggered configuration of the circuit breaker 1, illustrated in FIG. 2, a so-called open position in which it is discarded from the fixed contact 7.

Le dispositif de commande 3 comporte un électroaimant 9 constitué d'une bobine 10 reliée électriquement en bout d'une part, à la borne d'entrée 5 et d'autre part, au contact fixe 7, et d'un noyau 11 ferromagnétique introduit dans l'enroulement spiral de la bobine 10.The control device 3 comprises an electromagnet 9 consisting of a coil 10 electrically connected at the end on the one hand, to the input terminal 5 and on the other hand, at the fixed contact 7, and a ferromagnetic core 11 introduced into the spiral winding of the coil 10.

Le noyau 11 est monté mobile en translation suivant l'axe principal de l'enroulement de la bobine 10, et il est adapté à se déplacer, sous l'effet d'une surintensité du courant circulant dans la bobine 10, depuis une position inactive vers une position active dans laquelle, en poussant par l'une de ses extrémités une gâchette 12 qui, en configuration enclenchée, maintient le contact mobile 8 en position fermée à l'encontre d'un ressort de rappel 13, provoque le déplacement du contact mobile 8 vers sa position ouverte pour ouvrir le circuit électrique 4 et déclencher le disjoncteur 1.The core 11 is mounted mobile in translation along the main axis of the winding of the coil 10, and it is adapted to move, under the effect of a overcurrent of the current flowing in the coil 10, from an inactive position to an active position in which, by pushing at one of its ends a trigger 12 which, in the engaged configuration, maintains the moving contact 8 in the closed position against a return spring 13, causes the moving the movable contact 8 to its open position to open the circuit electrical 4 and trip circuit breaker 1.

Afin de rétablir ultérieurement le contact mobile 8 dans sa position fermée et ainsi enclencher à nouveau le disjoncteur 1 en refermant le circuit électrique 4, il est prévu un mécanisme de réarmement 14 comprenant une manette 15 à disposition de l'usager et dont le déplacement après déclenchement du disjoncteur 1, est apte, par le biais d'un jeu de leviers 16, à rétablir le contact mobile 8 en positon fermée.In order to subsequently restore the movable contact 8 in its closed position and thus switch on circuit breaker 1 again by closing the electrical circuit 4, there is provided a reset mechanism 14 comprising a lever 15 to provision of the user and whose displacement after triggering the circuit breaker 1, is able, through a set of levers 16, to restore contact mobile 8 in closed position.

Lors de l'ouverture du contact mobile 8, il s'établit entre celui-ci et le contact fixe 7 un arc électrique 17 dans une zone 18 dite de formation de l'arc 17, localisée au droit des parties du contact fixe 7 et du contact mobile 8 en regard.When opening the movable contact 8, it is established between it and the fixed contact 7 an electric arc 17 in a zone 18 known as the formation of the arc 17, located to the right of the parts of the fixed contact 7 and the moving contact 8 in look.

Le disjoncteur 1 comporte en outre un dispositif 19 pour l'extinction de l'arc 17, qui comporte une chambre de coupure 20 située à distance de la zone de formation 18 et formée d'une pluralité de plaques 21 conductrices superposées, ainsi que deux conducteurs en regard couramment appelés cornes, à savoir une corne amont 22 et une corne aval 23, ces cornes 22, 23 étant adaptées à guider l'arc 17 depuis la zone de formation 18 vers la chambre de coupure 20 où il est éteint.The circuit breaker 1 further comprises a device 19 for extinguishing the arc 17, which has a breaking chamber 20 located at a distance from the zone 18 and formed of a plurality of conductive plates 21 superimposed, as well as two drivers facing each other commonly called horns, namely an upstream horn 22 and a downstream horn 23, these horns 22, 23 being adapted to guide the arc 17 from the training zone 18 to the chamber cutoff 20 where it is off.

La corne amont 22, qui est reliée électriquement à la borne d'entrée 5 en étant connectée à la bobine 10, porte le contact fixe 7, tandis que la corne aval 23 est reliée électriquement à la borne de sortie 6.The upstream horn 22, which is electrically connected to the input terminal 5 in being connected to the coil 10, carries the fixed contact 7, while the downstream horn 23 is electrically connected to the output terminal 6.

Pour guider l'arc 17, chaque corne 22, 23 présente une portion antérieure 24, 26 délimitant un espace appelé préchambre 28, situé entre la zone de formation 18 de l'arc 17 et la chambre de coupure 20, chaque portion antérieure 24, 26 étant prolongée par une portion postérieure 25, 27 qui borde la chambre de coupure 20.To guide the bow 17, each horn 22, 23 has an anterior portion 24, 26 delimiting a space called prechamber 28, located between the zone of formation 18 of the arc 17 and the breaking chamber 20, each anterior portion 24, 26 being extended by a posterior portion 25, 27 which borders the chamber cutoff 20.

Tel qu'on l'aperçoit sur les figures 1 à 3, les portions antérieures 24, 26 des cornes 22, 23 sont d'abord convergentes depuis la zone de formation 18 de l'arc 17 vers une zone intermédiaire 29 située dans la préchambre 28, puis divergentes depuis cette zone intermédiaire 29 vers la chambre de coupure 20.As can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 3, the front portions 24, 26 horns 22, 23 are first convergent from the formation zone 18 of the arc 17 to an intermediate zone 29 located in the prechamber 28, then diverging from this intermediate zone 29 to the interrupting chamber 20.

Le principe même de l'extinction de l'arc 17 est connu de longue date, et notre propos n'est pas de le décrire en détail. On rappellera toutefois que, lorsqu'il atteint la chambre de coupure 20, l'arc électrique 17 est séparé en une pluralité d'arcs secondaires par les plaques conductrices 21 avant d'être éteint, et que la tension de l'arc 17, notée Uarc, vérifie la loi suivante ; Uarc = U0 + β Larc où U0 est la tension de l'arc 17 dans la zone de formation 18, généralement comprise entre 20 et 25 volts, Larc est la longueur de l'arc 17, c'est-à-dire la distance séparant les cornes 22, 23 au droit de l'arc 17, généralement mesurée en millimètres, et β un coefficient multiplicateur environ égal à 1,5 V/mm.The very principle of the extinction of the arc 17 is known for a long time, and our purpose is not to describe it in detail. It will be recalled, however, that when it reaches the breaking chamber 20, the electric arc 17 is separated into a plurality of secondary arcs by the conductive plates 21 before being extinguished, and that the voltage of the arc 17, noted U arc , check the following law; U bow = U 0 + β L bow where U 0 is the voltage of the arc 17 in the formation zone 18, generally between 20 and 25 volts, L arc is the length of the arc 17, that is to say the distance separating the horns 22 , 23 to the right of the arc 17, generally measured in millimeters, and β a multiplier coefficient approximately equal to 1.5 V / mm.

Suivant l'invention, afin notamment d'augmenter le pouvoir de coupure du disjoncteur 1, la corne amont 22 est formée de deux pièces conductrices distinctes, à savoir une première pièce 30 qui forme la portion antérieure 24 de la corne 22, et une deuxième pièce 31 qui forme sa portion postérieure 25. Ces deux pièces conductrices 30, 31 se chevauchent dans la préchambre 28 au voisinage de la chambre de coupure 20, en l'occurrence à la limite de celle-ci, la deuxième pièce conductrice 31 étant, au droit du point de chevauchement, décalée vers l'extérieur de la préchambre 28 par rapport à la première pièce conductrice 30.According to the invention, in particular in order to increase the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 1, the upstream horn 22 is formed of two conductive parts distinct, namely a first piece 30 which forms the anterior portion 24 of the horn 22, and a second piece 31 which forms its posterior portion 25. These two conductive pieces 30, 31 overlap in the prechamber 28 at vicinity of the breaking chamber 20, in this case at the limit thereof, the second conductive part 31 being, in line with the point of overlap, shifted outward from the prechamber 28 relative to the first piece conductor 30.

Compte tenu de ce qui précède, le point de chevauchement des deux pièces conductrices 30, 31 se trouve dans la partie de la préchambre 28 où les cornes 22, 23 divergent. Lorsque l'arc électrique 17, qui a été propulsé à l'intérieur de la préchambre 28 vers la chambre de coupure 20, atteint le point de chevauchement après avoir passé la zone intermédiaire 29, il saute de la première pièce conductrice 30 à la deuxième 31 sans difficulté particulière.In view of the above, the point of overlap of the two conductive parts 30, 31 is in the part of the prechamber 28 where the horns 22, 23 diverge. When the electric arc 17, which was propelled to the interior of the prechamber 28 towards the breaking chamber 20, reaches the point of overlap after passing intermediate zone 29 he jumps out of the first conductive part 30 to the second 31 without particular difficulty.

Par ailleurs, suivant l'invention, les deux pièces conductrices 30, 31 sont en simple contact mécanique, aucune liaison électrique particulière telle qu'une soudure n'étant prévue entre-elles. A cet effet, et suivant un mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures, la deuxième pièce conductrice 31 est imbriquée dans la première 30, cette imbrication suffisant au maintien relatif des deux pièces conductrices 30, 31 l'une par rapport à l'autre.Moreover, according to the invention, the two conductive parts 30, 31 are in simple mechanical contact, no particular electrical connection such as a welding being provided between them. For this purpose, and according to an embodiment illustrated in the figures, the second conductive part 31 is embedded in the first 30, this imbrication sufficient to maintain relative two parts conductive 30, 31 relative to each other.

La première pièce conductrice 30 se présente ici sous la forme d'une lame métallique réalisée en cuivre, ou en acier recouvert d'une couche de cuivre, repliée de sorte à présenter un profil en C et disposée de telle sorte que sa concavité est orientée vers la chambre de coupure 20.The first conductive part 30 is here in the form of a blade made of copper, or steel covered with a layer of copper, folded so as to have a C-shaped profile and arranged so that its concavity is oriented towards the interrupting chamber 20.

Par ailleurs, la deuxième pièce conductrice 31 est également formée d'une lame métallique, réalisée de préférence dans un matériau ferromagnétique, notamment en acier, et qui présente une portion droite 35 bordant la chambre de coupure 20, prolongée vers la première pièce conductrice 30 par une portion recourbée 36 ayant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de la première pièce conductrice 30 et emboítée dans celle-ci, de sorte que la deuxième pièce conductrice 31 présente un profil sensiblement en b dont la partie bombée est tournée vers la préchambre 28.Moreover, the second conductive part 31 is also formed of a metal blade, preferably made of a material ferromagnetic, especially steel, and which has a straight portion 35 bordering the interrupting chamber 20, extended towards the first conductive part 30 by a bent portion 36 having a substantially complementary shape of the first conductive part 30 and nested in it, so that the second conductive part 31 has a substantially b-shaped profile whose curved part is turned towards the prechamber 28.

Le mauvais contact électrique entre les deux pièces conductrices 30, 31, qui résulte de leur simple contact mécanique, entraíne entre-elles l'apparition d'une résistance électrique qui, provoquant l'augmentation de la tension de l'arc 17, entraíne une diminution de l'intensité de coupure et par conséquent, une augmentation du pouvoir de limitation du disjoncteur 1.The bad electrical contact between the two conductive parts 30, 31, which results from their simple mechanical contact, causes between them the appearance of an electrical resistance which, causing the increase of the voltage of the arc 17, leads to a reduction in the cutoff intensity and therefore a increased circuit breaker limitation 1.

Compte tenu de leurs formes et de leurs dispositions respectives, il est probable que les deux pièces conductrices 30, 31 soient, in fine, en contact mécanique à plusieurs endroits. Toutefois, il est préférable qu'elles soient en contact au moins au droit du contact fixe 7.Given their respective forms and arrangements, it is likely that the two conductive parts 30, 31 are, in fine, in contact mechanical in several places. However, it is preferable that they are in contact at least to the right of the fixed contact 7.

Cette configuration, à savoir la forme et la disposition relative des pièces conductrices 30, 31, en particulier la disposition de la première pièce conductrice 30 entre le contact fixe 7 et la deuxième pièce conductrice 31, combinée au matériau de la première et de la deuxième pièces conductrices 30, 31, respectivement en cuivre et en acier, procure un effet magnétique qui, par concentration d'un champ magnétique autour de l'arc 17, propulse ce dernier depuis la zone de formation 18 vers la chambre de coupure 20.This configuration, namely the shape and the relative arrangement of the parts conductors 30, 31, in particular the arrangement of the first conductive part Between the fixed contact 7 and the second conductive part 31, combined with the material of the first and second conductive parts 30, 31, respectively copper and steel, provides a magnetic effect which concentration of a magnetic field around the arc 17, propels the latter from the formation zone 18 to the interrupting chamber 20.

En outre, suivant un mode de réalisation, le contact fixe 7 se présente sous la forme d'une pastille argentée rapportée sur la première pièce conductrice 30, de sorte que, si la conductibilité électrique de la corne amont 22 va en décroissant depuis la zone de formation 18 de l'arc 17 vers la chambre de coupure 20, sa résistance mécanique à l'usure va quant à elle en augmentant, ce qui forme un bon compromis entre les capacités de guidage de l'arc 17 et la longévité du dispositif d'extinction 19. In addition, according to one embodiment, the fixed contact 7 presents itself in the form of a silver pellet reported on the first conductive part 30, so that if the electrical conductivity of the upstream horn 22 goes into descending from the formation zone 18 of the arc 17 to the chamber of cut 20, its mechanical resistance to wear is increasing, which forms a good compromise between the guiding capabilities of the arc 17 and the durability of the extinguishing device 19.

Par ailleurs, afin notamment de faciliter le passage de l'arc électrique 17 du contact fixe 7 à la première pièce conductrice 30, celle-ci porte une rampe 37 qui relie de manière sensiblement continue la face de contact 38 du contact fixe 7, contre laquelle est apte à venir s'appliquer le contact mobile 8, et la surface extérieure 39 de la première pièce conductrice 30. Cette rampe 37 présente l'avantage de faciliter le positionnement du contact fixe 7 sur la première pièce conductrice 30 lors du montage.Moreover, in particular to facilitate the passage of the electric arc 17 from the fixed contact 7 to the first conductive part 30, the latter carries a ramp 37 which substantially continuously connects the contact face 38 of the fixed contact 7, against which is able to come to apply the movable contact 8, and the surface 39 of the first conductive part 30. This ramp 37 presents the advantage of facilitating the positioning of the fixed contact 7 on the first piece conductor 30 during assembly.

S'agissant de la corne aval 23, celle-ci peut être réalisée de manière classique en cuivre, ou, de préférence, en acier recouvert par exemple d'une couche de cuivre de sorte à présenter à la fois de bonnes capacités de conductibilité électrique et de résistance mécanique à l'usure sous l'effet de l'arc.As regards the downstream horn 23, this can be carried out in a manner conventional copper, or preferably steel covered for example with a layer of copper so as to present both good electrical conductivity and mechanical resistance to wear under the effect of the arc.

L'invention n'est bien entendu pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit.The invention is of course not limited to the embodiment which comes to be described.

Claims (12)

Dispositif (19) pour l'extinction d'un arc électrique (17) établi dans une zone (18) dite de formation de l'arc (17) entre un contact fixe (7) et un contact mobile (8) d'un appareil (1) de protection tel qu'un disjoncteur, ce dispositif (19) comportant: une chambre de coupure (20) située à distance de ladite zone de formation (18) et formée d'une pluralité de plaques conductrices (21) superposées, deux conducteurs (22, 23) en regard dont l'un (22) porte le contact fixe (7), adaptés à guider l'arc (17) depuis sa zone de formation (18) vers la chambre de coupure (20) et présentant chacun à cet effet une portion antérieure (24, 26) délimitant un espace (28) dit préchambre, situé entre la zone de formation (18) de l'arc (17) et la chambre de coupure (20), cette portion antérieure (24, 26) étant prolongée par une portion postérieure (25, 27) qui borde la chambre de coupure (20) ; ledit dispositif (19) étant caractérisé en ce que le conducteur (22) portant le contact fixe (7) est formé de deux pièces conductrices (30, 31) distinctes qui se chevauchent et sont en simple contact mécanique, à savoir une première pièce (30) formant la portion antérieure (24) dudit conducteur (22), et une deuxième pièce (31) formant sa portion postérieure (25).Device (19) for extinguishing an electric arc (17) established in an area (18) known as arc formation (17) between a fixed contact (7) and a movable contact (8) of a protection device (1) such as a circuit breaker, this device (19) comprising: an interrupting chamber (20) located at a distance from said forming zone (18) and formed of a plurality of superimposed conductive plates (21), two conductors (22, 23) facing one of which (22) carries the fixed contact (7), adapted to guide the arc (17) from its formation zone (18) to the interrupting chamber (20) and each having for this purpose an anterior portion (24, 26) delimiting a space (28) said prechamber, located between the formation zone (18) of the arc (17) and the breaking chamber (20), this anterior portion (24, 26) being extended by a rear portion (25, 27) bordering the interrupting chamber (20); said device (19) being characterized in that the conductor (22) carrying the fixed contact (7) is formed of two distinct overlapping conductive parts (30, 31) which are in simple mechanical contact, namely a first part ( 30) forming the front portion (24) of said conductor (22), and a second piece (31) forming its rear portion (25). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première pièce conductrice (30) est réalisée en cuivre.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first conductive part (30) is made of copper. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième pièce conductrice (31) est réalisée dans un matériau ferromagnétique.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second conductive part (31) is made of a ferromagnetic material. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième pièce conductrice (31) est réalisée en acier.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second conductive part (31) is made of steel. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit contact fixe (7) se présente sous la forme d'une pastille argentée.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said fixed contact (7) is in the form of a silver pellet. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que lesdites pièces conductrices (30, 31) se chevauchent dans la préchambre (28) à la limite de la chambre de coupure (20).Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said conductive parts (30, 31) overlap in the antechamber (28) at the limit of the interrupting chamber (20). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième pièce conductrice (31) est imbriquée dans la première (30). Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second conductive part (31) is nested in the first (30). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la première pièce conductrice (31) porte ledit contact fixe (7)Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first conductive part (31) carries said fixed contact (7) Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les pièces conductrices (30, 31) sont en contact mécanique au moins au droit du contact fixe (7).Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the conductive parts (30, 31) are in mechanical contact at least in line with the fixed contact (7). Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que, ledit contact fixe (7) étant en relief par rapport à la première pièce conductrice (30) et présentant une face de contact (38) contre laquelle est apte à venir s'appliquer ledit contact mobile (8), la première pièce conductrice (30) porte une rampe (37) reliant de manière sensiblement continue ladite face de contact (38) et la surface extérieure (39) de la première pièce conductrice (30).Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that , said fixed contact (7) being in relief relative to the first conductive part (30) and having a contact face (38) against which is adapted to come to apply said movable contact (8), the first conductive member (30) carries a ramp (37) substantially continuously connecting said contact face (38) and the outer surface (39) of the first conductive member (30). Disjoncteur limiteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif (19) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10.Circuit breaker limiter, characterized in that it comprises a device (19) according to one of claims 1 to 10. Disjoncteur limiteur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un électroaimant (9) adapté à commander la séparation des contacts fixe (7) et mobile (8), ledit électroaimant (9) comportant une bobine (10) reliée électriquement en bout, d'une part, à une borne de contact (5) du disjoncteur (1) et, d'autre part, à la première pièce conductrice (30).Circuit breaker according to Claim 11, characterized in that it comprises an electromagnet (9) adapted to control the separation of the fixed (7) and movable (8) contacts, said electromagnet (9) comprising a coil (10) electrically connected in end, on the one hand, to a contact terminal (5) of the circuit breaker (1) and, on the other hand, to the first conductive part (30).
EP20020291721 2001-07-31 2002-07-09 Arc extinguishing device Expired - Lifetime EP1282146B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0110256A FR2828329B1 (en) 2001-07-31 2001-07-31 DEVICE FOR EXTINGUISHING AN ELECTRIC ARC
FR0110256 2001-07-31

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EP1282146A1 true EP1282146A1 (en) 2003-02-05
EP1282146B1 EP1282146B1 (en) 2008-12-17

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EP20020291721 Expired - Lifetime EP1282146B1 (en) 2001-07-31 2002-07-09 Arc extinguishing device

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EP (1) EP1282146B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1238879C (en)
DE (1) DE60230367D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2319739T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2828329B1 (en)
PL (1) PL202507B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2256771A2 (en) * 2009-05-30 2010-12-01 Abb Ag Electric switching device with a thermal actuator
EP3029706A1 (en) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-08 Hager-Electro SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) Cut-off device and modular differential circuit-breaker comprising at least one such cut-off device
EP3188211A1 (en) 2015-12-29 2017-07-05 Legrand France Miniature circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4957072B2 (en) * 2006-05-11 2012-06-20 富士電機機器制御株式会社 Circuit breaker
CN105185671B (en) * 2015-10-30 2019-06-25 上海电科电器科技有限公司 Breaker and its baffle
GB2631418A (en) * 2023-06-29 2025-01-08 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Switchgear plate

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DE2930090B1 (en) * 1979-07-25 1981-01-08 Licentia Gmbh Miniature circuit breaker with an arc chamber with fire extinguishing plates and arc guide rails
EP0080924A1 (en) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-08 Merlin Gerin Miniature circuit breaker with two juxtaposed extinguishing chambers
FR2604026A1 (en) * 1986-09-16 1988-03-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT BREAKER HAVING AN IMPROVED ARC EXTINGUISHING STRUCTURE

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DE1008383B (en) * 1953-01-21 1957-05-16 Siemens Ag Switch piece
US4112275A (en) * 1973-03-26 1978-09-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact structure for electrical switching apparatus
DE2930090B1 (en) * 1979-07-25 1981-01-08 Licentia Gmbh Miniature circuit breaker with an arc chamber with fire extinguishing plates and arc guide rails
EP0080924A1 (en) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-08 Merlin Gerin Miniature circuit breaker with two juxtaposed extinguishing chambers
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2256771A2 (en) * 2009-05-30 2010-12-01 Abb Ag Electric switching device with a thermal actuator
EP2256771A3 (en) * 2009-05-30 2014-06-18 Abb Ag Electric switching device with a thermal actuator
EP3029706A1 (en) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-08 Hager-Electro SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) Cut-off device and modular differential circuit-breaker comprising at least one such cut-off device
EP3188211A1 (en) 2015-12-29 2017-07-05 Legrand France Miniature circuit breaker
RU2719326C2 (en) * 2015-12-29 2020-04-17 Легран Франс Electric protective device in modular format

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1405819A (en) 2003-03-26
ES2319739T3 (en) 2009-05-12
CN1238879C (en) 2006-01-25
PL355160A1 (en) 2003-02-10
EP1282146B1 (en) 2008-12-17
DE60230367D1 (en) 2009-01-29
FR2828329B1 (en) 2003-12-12
PL202507B1 (en) 2009-06-30
FR2828329A1 (en) 2003-02-07

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