EP1280176A1 - Contacteur basse tension - Google Patents

Contacteur basse tension Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP1280176A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: low voltage; motor; voltage contactor; movable conductive; conductive arm
Prior art date: 2001-07-23
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP01202799A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP1280176B1 (fr

Inventor

Giuseppe Bertolotto Bianc

Pietro Mandurino

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

ABB Research Ltd Switzerland

ABB Research Ltd Sweden

Original Assignee

ABB Research Ltd Switzerland

ABB Research Ltd Sweden

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2001-07-23

Filing date

2001-07-23

Publication date

2003-01-29

2001-07-23 Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland

2001-07-23 Priority to DE60123775T priority Critical patent/DE60123775T2/de

2001-07-23 Priority to AT01202799T priority patent/ATE342578T1/de

2001-07-23 Priority to EP01202799A priority patent/EP1280176B1/fr

2003-01-29 Publication of EP1280176A1 publication Critical patent/EP1280176A1/fr

2006-10-11 Application granted granted Critical

2006-10-11 Publication of EP1280176B1 publication Critical patent/EP1280176B1/fr

2021-07-23 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Images

Classifications

- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H57/00—Electrostrictive relays; Piezoelectric relays
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
- H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge

Definitions

the present invention relates to a low voltage contactor, i.e. a contactor for applications with operating voltages up to 1000 Volt.
low voltage contactors are electrical devices generally used for interrupting the nominal current flowing in the electric circuit or low voltage power distribution line in which they are inserted.
a schematic example of the structure and functioning of a known electromagnetic low voltage contactor is shown in figure 1.
the low voltage contactor generally comprises, for each phase of the electric circuit in which it is inserted, a pair of fixed contacts 101 electrically connected to a phase conductor and a pair of corresponding movable contacts 102 which are mounted on a movable metal body 103; a ferromagnetic mass 106 is associated to the fixed contacts 101 and a coil 104 is wounded around it. Further, a spring 105 is mechanically interposed between the fixed contacts 101 and the movable contacts 102.
an auxiliary current is injected in the coil 104 so as to generate a magnetic field; as a consequence, the metal body 103 is subjected to an attractive magnetic force which causes its translation and the coupling of the movable contacts 102 with the corresponding fixed contacts 101; in this situation, the current flows in the phase conductors of the circuit, and the spring 105 is compressed, thus storing a certain amount of elastic energy. If the contactor has to be open, the auxiliary current is no more injected into the coil 104, so as the magnetic field is null and the attractive magnetic force is no longer present.
the metallic body 103 is therefore subjected only to the elastic reaction force of the pre-compressed spring 105 which, by releasing the energy previously stored, causes the translation of the body 103 and the separation of the movable contacts 102 from the fixed contacts 101; in this situation, the current flow in the circuit is interrupted.
the aim of the present invention is to realize a low voltage contactor which allows to overcome the drawbacks and disadvantages of the known art, and in particular which has a simplified structure in comparison with known contactors and ensures, at the same time, optimised performances.
an object of the present invention is to realize a low voltage contactor which allows to execute opening/closing operations in an easier and more controlled way with respect to known contactors, and whose reliability is improved.
Another object of the present invention is to realize a low voltage contactor whose number of components, as well as its overall dimensions, are remarkably reduced.
a further object of the present invention is to realize a low voltage contactor, which allows to reduce the manufacturing and assembling costs.
a low voltage contactor comprising a case which contains at least a first fixed contact and a second fixed contact which are suitable to be connected to an electric circuit, a movable conductive arm provided with a first contact piece and a second contact piece, and actuating means which supply the energy for moving said movable conductive arm.
the low voltage contactor according to the invention is characterized in that said actuating means comprise:
the low voltage contactor 1 comprises a case 2 which contains at least a first fixed contact 3 and a second fixed contact 4 which are suitable to be connected to a conductor of an electric circuit, schematically indicated in figure 3 by the reference numeral 5; inside the case 2, there is a movable arm 6 made of conductive material which is provided with a first contact piece 9 and a second contact piece 10, and actuating means 40 which supply the energy for moving the movable conductive arm 6.
the actuating means 40 comprise a rotary switching bar 11, operatively connected to the movable conductive arm 6, and a command unit, indicated in figure 2 by the reference numeral 12, which comprises a rotating motor 13 and control electronic means 14 which are suitable for supplying electric command signals to the motor 13 itself.
the movable conductive arm 6 is mounted, and in particular directly fulcrumed, on the rotary switching bar 11 transversal to the rotation axis 30 of the bar 11 itself, with the first contact piece 9 and the second contact piece 10 which are positioned at the ends and on opposite sides of the movable conductive arm 6; in turn, the first fixed contact 3 and the second fixed contact 4 are positioned substantially symmetric to each other with respect to said rotation axis 30.
the movable arm 6 may be connected to the bar 11 with an insulating element 28 interposed therebetween.
the body of the movable contact arm 6 can be advantageously realized with at least two substantially rigid portions interconnected by means of a substantially flexible element 7, such as a flexible pivot obtainable by reducing the thickness of a portion of the arm 6 with respect to the surrounding parts; in this way, the movable conductive arm 6 is provided with a structural elasticity so as to compensate ageing and uneven wear of the contact pieces 9-10, 3-4, to guarantee adequate electric contact between them, and definitely to increase the useful life of the contactor.
the body of the arm 6 can be realized in a single substantially uniform body, or in two independent parts, each carrying a corresponding contact piece.
the motor 13 is a rotating self-braking motor, i.e. a rotating motor in which braking during operation is obtained thanks to the intrinsic structure of the motor itself, without using additional braking devices;
the rotating motor 13 used in the contactor 1 is a piezoelectric motor, i.e. a motor which comprises piezoelectric elements and whose operations are obtained by their electric excitement.
the piezoelectric motor is an ultrasonic piezoelectric motor, i.e. a motor in which the exciting signals are in the ultrasonic frequency range.
the piezoelectric motor 13 comprises a stator unit and a rotor unit; the rotor unit comprises a metallic disc 15 which is structurally integral with the rotary switching bar 11; in this way, the rotary switching bar 11 constitutes the shaft of the motor 13 itself, according to a solution constructively simple and functionally effective.
a rotary switching bar an additional bar connected to the shaft of the motor 13.
a bearing 26 is associated to the rotary bar 11 in order to allow its rotation.
the stator unit comprises a flange 16 to which the bearing 26 is connected, and an annular elastic disc 17 which is also connected to the flange 16, and has a base plate 18 and a teeth-shaped ring 19 which protrudes transversally, in particular in a perpendicular direction, from the base plate 18; according to the applications and/or specific needs, the teeth-shaped ring 19 can be positioned at the external edge of the base plate 18, as indicated in figure 5, or along an internal circumference.
the stator unit comprises at least one layer of piezoelectric material 20, for example of the PZT type, which is fixed on the elastic disc 17; in particular, the layer of piezoelectric material 20 comprises a plurality of sectors 27 which are electrically excited by the command signals supplied by the control electronic means 14, for the purpose and in the way which will be described hereinafter.
the motor 13 further comprises friction means 21, for example constituted by a layer of rubber, which are positioned interposed between the metallic disc 15 and the teeth-shaped ring 19, and retaining means 22;
the retaining means 22 can be constituted by a metallic elastic body 23 which is positioned on a face of the metallic disc 15 opposite to the annular elastic disc 17, and a nut 24 which is screwed to a threaded end of the bar 11 and allows keeping the various elements of the rotor packed on the stator.
Damping means 25 constituted for example by a ring-shaped layer of rubber, are interposed between the retaining means 22 and the face of the metallic disc 15 opposite to the annular elastic disc 17, so as to dampen undesired vibrations of the motor.
the piezoelectric sectors 27 are excited by predefined excitation signals supplied by the control electronic means 14; in particular, adjacent pairs of piezoelectric sectors 27 are alternatively polarised, i.e. two adjacent sectors are both polarised in a direction perpendicular to the sectors themselves but in opposite directions, and fed with ultrasonic electric signals, i.e. voltage signals, which are, for instance, about 90°-phase shifted with respect to each other.
ultrasonic electric signals i.e. voltage signals
the piezoelectric sectors 27 vibrate with a 90° phase-shift and the vibrations are transmitted to the annular elastic disc 17; in turn, the annular elastic disc 17 vibrates too and, thanks to the teeth of the ring 19, the small vibrations produced by the piezoelectric sectors are conveniently amplified.
the composition of the two 90°-shifted vibrations brings to the generation of travelling waves along the ring 19; by means of the friction means 21, the movement is transmitted to the metallic disc 15 and thus, the rotor is dragged into rotation thanks to the friction action.
the rotary switching bar 11 is driven into rotation together with the movable conductive arm 6 operatively connected therewith, so as the first contact piece 9 and the second contact piece 10 couple electrically with the corresponding first fixed contact 3 and the second fixed contact 4, respectively.
coupling between the contacts is ensured by the holding torque of the motor, thus avoiding the need of additional brakes; further, the power consumption required by the motor, is reduced with respect to conventional contactors, since feeding of the motor can be switched off in this position.
a possible embodiment of a three-phase contactor 1 is schematically shown in figure 4 in which the neutral phase is not shown.
the neutral phase is not shown.
a first fixed contact 3 and a second fixed contact 4 which are suitable to be connected to a corresponding phase conductor of the circuit; further, for each phase, there is a movable conductive arm 6 provided with a first contact piece 9 and a second contact piece 10.
the three arms 6 are connected to a unique rotary switching bar 11, transversally to its rotation axis 30, and the bar 11 is driven into rotation, together with the three arms 6, by a single motor 13, as previously described.
coupling/uncoupling of the contact pieces 9, 10 with the corresponding fixed contacts 3, 4 can be realized synchronously among the various phases.
the low voltage contactor 1 fully achieves the intended aim and objects, giving several advantages with respect to the known art.
the use of actuating means as conceived in the contactor according to the invention allows to simplify the structure of the whole contactor, and in particular to eliminate the electromagnetic equipment, thus realizing a contactor which is smaller and lighter, which has a reduced number of components and is substantially exempt from the effects of magnetic fields.
the absence of the electromagnetic equipment allows to reduce the manufacturing and assembling costs and the relative calibration operations, as well as to improve the reliability of the contactor.
a rotating motor and in particular of a self-braking ultrasonic piezoelectric motor, allows to realize a rotating contactor whose operations are executed in an easier and more controllable way, with negligible levels of electric power consumption required for moving the movable equipment and, above all, for keeping the contactor in the closed position.
the ultrasonic piezoelectric motor allows to have high torque levels at low speed and relatively reduced response times, and to perform substantially noise-free operations.
the low voltage contactor thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept; for example it is possible to include in the command unit 12 an auxiliary power feeding element, such as a capacitor, which may be used for exciting the piezoelectric sectors if the reference voltage signal fed by the main circuit decreases under a predetermined threshold. All the details may also be replaced with other technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials employed, so long as they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to the requirements and to the state of the art.

Landscapes

General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Relay Circuits (AREA)
Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

EP01202799A 2001-07-23 2001-07-23 Contacteur basse tension Expired - Lifetime EP1280176B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE60123775T DE60123775T2 (de)	2001-07-23	2001-07-23	Niederspannungsschützschalter
AT01202799T ATE342578T1 (de)	2001-07-23	2001-07-23	Niederspannungsschützschalter
EP01202799A EP1280176B1 (fr)	2001-07-23	2001-07-23	Contacteur basse tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP01202799A EP1280176B1 (fr)	2001-07-23	2001-07-23	Contacteur basse tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP1280176A1 true EP1280176A1 (fr)	2003-01-29
EP1280176B1 EP1280176B1 (fr)	2006-10-11

Family

ID=8180686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP01202799A Expired - Lifetime EP1280176B1 (fr)	2001-07-23	2001-07-23	Contacteur basse tension

Country Status (3)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP1280176B1 (fr)
AT (1)	ATE342578T1 (fr)
DE (1)	DE60123775T2 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US5170088A (en) *	1989-06-23	1992-12-08	Alps Electric Co., Ltd.	Driving structure for electronic parts in a mechanism
EP0612092A1 (fr) *	1993-02-16	1994-08-24	Schneider Electric Sa	Disjoncteur à bloc de télécommande adaptable
JPH1145649A (ja) *	1997-07-28	1999-02-16	Fujitsu Takamizawa Component Kk	進行波型超音波継電器

2001
- 2001-07-23 AT AT01202799T patent/ATE342578T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-23 DE DE60123775T patent/DE60123775T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-23 EP EP01202799A patent/EP1280176B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US5170088A (en) *	1989-06-23	1992-12-08	Alps Electric Co., Ltd.	Driving structure for electronic parts in a mechanism
EP0612092A1 (fr) *	1993-02-16	1994-08-24	Schneider Electric Sa	Disjoncteur à bloc de télécommande adaptable
JPH1145649A (ja) *	1997-07-28	1999-02-16	Fujitsu Takamizawa Component Kk	進行波型超音波継電器

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 05 31 May 1999 (1999-05-31) *

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
EP1280176B1 (fr)	2006-10-11
ATE342578T1 (de)	2006-11-15
DE60123775T2 (de)	2007-08-16
DE60123775D1 (de)	2006-11-23

Publication	Publication Date	Title
AU734514B2 (en)	2001-06-14	Electromagnetic actuator
CN1165921C (zh)	2004-09-08	带校准装置的驱动组件及带有该组件的电力开关设备
US2499632A (en)	1950-03-07	Magnetically operated oscillatory switch
US20150055268A1 (en)	2015-02-26	Accelerated motion relay
US6674349B1 (en)	2004-01-06	Opening and/or closing control device, in particular for a switchgear apparatus such as a circuit breaker, and circuit breaker equipped with such a device
US5351024A (en)	1994-09-27	Electrical contactor and interrupter employing a rotary disc
JP2015006126A (ja)	2015-01-08	統合ブレーキ及び駆動回路を有するステッピングモータ
EP1280176B1 (fr)	2006-10-11	Contacteur basse tension
US4419550A (en)	1983-12-06	Rotary switch apparatus having a multiple arm contact spring support
JP4829097B2 (ja)	2011-11-30	電磁アクチュエータ
EP1280177B1 (fr)	2006-11-22	Disjoncteur basse tension
JP2000058383A (ja)	2000-02-25	真空可変コンデンサにおける静電容量の制御方法とこれを用いた真空可変コンデンサ
US3952271A (en)	1976-04-20	Electromagnetic device using hermetically sealed contacts
JP4901621B2 (ja)	2012-03-21	開閉装置
WO1991000641A1 (fr)	1991-01-10	Moteur compact a couple bidirectionnel
JP3163929B2 (ja)	2001-05-08	真空遮断器の電磁反発駆動装置
US2361238A (en)	1944-10-24	Electric switch
CN208336013U (zh)	2019-01-04	双电源自动转换开关及其旋转驱动器
US2724081A (en)	1955-11-15	Speed variator for an electric motor
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GB2226453A (en)	1990-06-27	An electromagnetic switch drive
JPH1145649A (ja)	1999-02-16	進行波型超音波継電器
CN110364376A (zh)	2019-10-22	双电源自动转换开关及其旋转驱动器
EP4496190A1 (fr)	2025-01-22	Dispositif de commande de rotation avant et arrière
CN220381950U (zh)	2024-01-23	一种继电器和电子设备

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