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EP1273864A2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1273864A2
EP1273864A2 EP02006977A EP02006977A EP1273864A2 EP 1273864 A2 EP1273864 A2 EP 1273864A2 EP 02006977 A EP02006977 A EP 02006977A EP 02006977 A EP02006977 A EP 02006977A EP 1273864 A2 EP1273864 A2 EP 1273864A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
tube
heat exchanger
der
flat tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02006977A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1273864A3 (en
EP1273864B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Kalbacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Modine Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Modine Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modine Manufacturing Co filed Critical Modine Manufacturing Co
Publication of EP1273864A2 publication Critical patent/EP1273864A2/en
Publication of EP1273864A3 publication Critical patent/EP1273864A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1273864B1 publication Critical patent/EP1273864B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49389—Header or manifold making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • heat exchangers EP 479 012 B1 In the manner described there are formed heat exchangers EP 479 012 B1 known.
  • the shelves provided in the EP have the Task to suppress the inflation of the flat tubes caused by internal pressure or to avoid.
  • Heat exchangers of the type mentioned require one to manufacture them considerable expense, so-called advance payments, including tools, Devices etc. are to be understood, which are necessary for the mass production are. It is easy to understand that the costs per heat exchanger all the more increase the lower the number of pieces to be produced. Especially at Heat exchangers for automobiles are often the same for different ones
  • To design cooling capacities because the customer has motor vehicles of the same series with different engine outputs.
  • a common feature with heat exchangers of approximately the same installation space, but with different cooling capacities consists of designing their cooling network with different depths, d. H.
  • To use flat tubes their large diameter for a higher cooling capacity is larger, or vice versa, is smaller for lower cooling capacity. This measure however, attracts substantial costs for new tools and Devices themselves, because in any case there are new tube sheets and possibly new collection boxes are also required, which require new tools.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide heat exchangers for higher ones Cooling capacities with a cooling network of greater depth with little change effort to provide.
  • a significant further advantage of all variants is that the outer contour of the tube sheet 5 remains unchanged in any case, which is why the tool can be used for clamping without changes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Each intermediate plate (10) has a peripheral edge (11) metallically bonded to the peripheral edge of the adjoining tube end plate (5). The intermediate plate either contains a number of openings in a row or it can simply contain one or several openings. Heat exchanging medium for passing through the flat tubes in the heat exchanger can flow through the space between the intermediate plate and tube end plate. The heat exchanger comprises a soldered cooling network (1) of flat tubes and heat exchanging components. The flat tubes communicate with openings in opposing tube end plates. The plastic header tank (7) has an edge which is mechanically joined to the intermediate plate and to the peripheral edge of the tube end plate.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeaustauscher gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.

In der dort beschriebenen Art ausgebildete Wärmeaustauscher sind aus dem EP 479 012 B1 bekannt. Die in dem EP vorgesehenen Zwischenböden haben die Aufgabe, das durch Innendruck verursachte Aufblähen der Flachrohre zu unterdrücken bzw. zu vermeiden.In the manner described there are formed heat exchangers EP 479 012 B1 known. The shelves provided in the EP have the Task to suppress the inflation of the flat tubes caused by internal pressure or to avoid.

Wärmeaustauscher der angesprochenen Art erfordern zu ihrer Herstellung einen beträchtlichen Kostenaufwand, sogenannte Vorleistungen, worunter Werkzeuge, Vorrichtungen usw. zu verstehen sind, die für die Großserienfertigung notwendig sind. Es ist leicht nachvollziehbar, dass die Kosten pro Wärmeaustauscher umso mehr steigen, je geringer die zu produzierende Stückzahl ist. Insbesondere bei Wärmeaustauschern für Kraftfahrzeuge sind dieselben oftmals für unterschiedliche Kühlleistungen auszulegen, weil der Kunde Kraftfahrzeuge der gleichen Baureihe mit verschiedenen Motorleistungen nachfragt. Ein oftmals anzutreffendes Merkmal bei Wärmeaustauschern etwa gleichen Bauraums, jedoch unterschiedlicher Kühlleistung besteht darin, deren Kühlnetz mit unterschiedlicher Tiefe auszulegen, d. h. Flachrohre zu verwenden, deren großer Durchmesser für eine höhere Kühlleistung größer ist, bzw. umgekehrt, für geringere Kühlleistung kleiner ist. Diese Maßnahme zieht jedoch an und für sich wesentliche Kostenaufwände für neue Werkzeuge und Vorrichtungen nach sich, denn auf jeden Fall sind neue Rohrböden und gegebenenfalls auch neue Sammelkästen notwendig, die neue Werkzeuge erfordern.Heat exchangers of the type mentioned require one to manufacture them considerable expense, so-called advance payments, including tools, Devices etc. are to be understood, which are necessary for the mass production are. It is easy to understand that the costs per heat exchanger all the more increase the lower the number of pieces to be produced. Especially at Heat exchangers for automobiles are often the same for different ones To design cooling capacities because the customer has motor vehicles of the same series with different engine outputs. A common feature with heat exchangers of approximately the same installation space, but with different cooling capacities consists of designing their cooling network with different depths, d. H. To use flat tubes, their large diameter for a higher cooling capacity is larger, or vice versa, is smaller for lower cooling capacity. This measure however, attracts substantial costs for new tools and Devices themselves, because in any case there are new tube sheets and possibly new collection boxes are also required, which require new tools.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, Wärmeaustauscher für höhere Kühlleistungen mit einem Kühlnetz größerer Tiefe mit geringem Änderungsaufwand zur Verfügung zu stellen.The object of the present invention is to provide heat exchangers for higher ones Cooling capacities with a cooling network of greater depth with little change effort to provide.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale im Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Weil die Zwischenböden einen Rand aufweisen, der mit dem umlaufenden Rand der Rohrböden metallisch verbunden ist und weil die Zwischenböden eine oder mehrere Öffnungen besitzen, so, dass zwischen dem Zwischenboden und dem zugeordneten Rohrboden ein mit dem durch die Flachrohre strömenden wärmeaustauschenden Mittel durchströmter Raum vorhanden ist, ist es möglich, mit geringem Änderungsaufwand einen Wärmeaustauscher zur Verfügung zu stellen, dessen Kühlleistung größer ist bzw. der eine größere Tiefe des Kühlnetzes aufweist. Der erwähnte durchströmbare Raum sorgt für den Ausgleich der Tiefendifferenz. Ferner dient der durchströmbaren Raum dem Ausgleich von Druckunterschieden über die Länge der Sammelkästen.
Der Zwischenboden kann lediglich eine oder wenige mit Versteifungsstegen versehene Öffnungen aufweisen. Dies ist dann der Fall, wenn der Zwischenboden oberhalb des zugeordneten Rohrbodens angeordnet ist. Bevorzugt besitzt der Zwischenboden jedoch den Flachrohrenden entsprechende Öffnungen mit Durchzügen, um die Flachrohrenden in den Durchzügen verlöten zu können. In diesen bevorzugten Fällen ist der Zwischenboden unterhalb des zugeordneten Rohrbodens angeordnet.
Die Sammelkästen des Wärmetauschers mit der geringeren Kühlleistung können verwendet werden, ohne irgendwelche Änderung vornehmen zu müssen. Außerdem kann das Umformwerkzeug zur Herstellung der Rohrböden weiterhin benutzt werden, wobei keine oder - bei bestimmten unten erläuterten Varianten - nur geringfügige Änderungen daran notwendig sind. Im Prinzip besteht der einzige zusätzliche Aufwand in der Bereitstellung eines Werkzeugs für die Zwischenböden, wobei die Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit der Zwischenböden vergleichsweise gering sind, weshalb der erforderliche Werkzeugaufwand niedrig ist. Auf jeden Fall ist der Umformgrad der Zwischenböden geringer als derjenige der Rohrböden, was ebenfalls zu relativ niedrigen Werkzeugkosten beiträgt. Somit macht es die Erfindung möglich, die Werkzeuge und Vorrichtungen für die Großserie auszulegen. Da in einer Fahrzeugbaureihe die Fahrzeuge mit etwas niedrigerer Motorleistung und Kühlungsbedarf oftmals diejenigen sind, die in größeren Stückzahlen produziert werden, können die Werkzeuge auf die dafür erforderlichen Bauteile zugeschnitten werden. Beispielsweise weist ein darauf zugeschnittener Wärmeaustauscher eine Kühlnetztiefe von etwa 30mm auf, was etwa dem großen Durchmesser der Flachrohre des Kühlnetzes entspricht. In geringerer Stückzahl werden für Kraftfahrzeuge der gleichen Baureihe aber mit größerer Motorleistung leistungsstärkere Wärmeaustauscher benötigt, die eine Kühlnetztiefe von beispielsweise etwa 40 mm aufweisen müssen. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass ein Zwischenboden hergestellt und in den Wärmeaustauscher eingefügt wird, der, wie in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 5 näher gekennzeichnet wurde, ausgebildet ist und der auch aus der Beschreibung der nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiele hervorgeht, wozu auf die beiliegenden Figuren Bezug genommen wird.

  • Fig. 1 Frontansicht des Wärmeaustauschers;
  • Fig. 2 vergrößertes Detail aus Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 Teilquerschnitt (zwischen den Flachrohren) des Wärmetauschers eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels;
  • Fig. 4 wie Fig. 3 aber Schnittebene in einem Flachrohr;
  • Fig. 5 Teilquerschnitt (durch das Flachrohr) eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels;
  • Fig. 6 Teilquerschnitt (durch das Flachrohr) eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels;
  • Fig. 7 Teilquerschnitt des Wärmetauschers aus dem Stand der Technik;
  • Fig. 8 schematische Draufsicht auf den Rohrboden aus Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 9 schematische Draufsicht auf den Zwischenboden aus Fig. 5;
    • Aus der Fig. 7 geht eine übliche Ausbildung des Wärmeaustauschers im Bereich der Verbindung zwischen dem umlaufenden Rand 8 des Sammelkastens 7 und dem umlaufenden Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 hervor. Unter Zwischenfügung einer Dichtung 30 wird beispielsweise durch Umbiegen von Laschen 15 am Rand 9 eine flüssigkeitsdichte Verbindung geschaffen. Die Enden 4 der Flachrohre 2 stecken in dem im Fig. 7 gezeigten Fall in entsprechenden Öffnungen 6 in den Rohrböden 5 und sind darin verlötet. Der große Durchmesser D (alt) der Flachrohre 2 beträgt hier beispielsweise 30 mm, was der Tiefe des Kühlnetzes 1 entspricht. Das Kühlnetz 1 besteht aus Flachrohren 2 mit zwischengefügten Wellrippen 3, wie in den Fig. 1 und 2 schematisch gezeigt ist. Bei dem Wärmeaustauscher handelt es sich um den Luft - Kühlflüssigkeits - Kühler eines Kraftfahrzeuges, bei dem die Kühlluft durch die Wellrippen 3 und die Kühlflüssigkeit durch die Flachrohre 2 strömt. Die Sammelkästen 7 sind aus Kunststoff und werden in einem relativ teuren Spritzgußwerkzeug in großer Stückzahl hergestellt. Wenn das Kühlnetz 1 mit den Rohrböden 5 verlötet ist, wird eine Dichtung 30 in den u - förmigen Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 eingefügt und der Sammelkasten 7 wird mit seinem Rand 8 auf die Dichtung 30 im Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 gesetzt. In einem speziellen Werkzeug wird dann, wie oben bereits angeschnitten wurde, das Umbiegen der Laschen 15 am Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 durchgeführt, wobei die erwähnte feste und flüssigkeitsdichte Verbindung mit dem Sammelkasten 7 hergestellt wird.
    Um nun mit sehr geringem Änderungsaufwand Flachrohre 2 mit größerem "großen" Durchmesser D (neu) zu verwenden oder, m. a. W., um den Wärmeaustauscher mit einem tieferen, leistungsstärkeren Kühlnetz auszustatten, ohne auf den, ebenfalls mit einem aufwendigen Werkzeug hergestellten, Rohrboden 5 zu verzichten, ist im in den Fig. 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Zwischenboden 10 mit seinem Rand 11 metallisch mit dem Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 verbunden. Der Zwischenboden 10 ist bei dieser Variante unterhalb des Rohrbodens 5, d. h., zwischen dem Rohrboden 5 und dem Kühlnetz 1, angeordnet. Jeder Zwischenboden 10 ist, in den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen, ein gezogenes Teil, an dessen Genauigkeit jedoch - mit Ausnahme der Öffnungen 6.1 mit den Durchzügen 20 - nicht besonders hohe Anforderungen zu stellen sind. Der Zwischenboden 10 muß lediglich einen geeigneten umlaufenden Rand 11 besitzen, um mit dem umlaufenden Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 verlötet werden zu können. Der Zwischenboden 10 muß nicht unbedingt wannenartig ausgebildet sein, wie in den Fig. 1 bis 4. Beispielsweise kann der am besten in den Fig. 3 und 4 erkennbare außen liegende, vertikale Rand 40 am Zwischenboden 10 im wesentlichen entfallen, so dass der umlaufende Rand 11 des Zwischenbodens 10 lediglich von unten, aber nicht seitlich, am umlaufenden Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 anliegt und verlötet ist. Somit kann der Zwischenboden 10, mit Ausnahme der Durchzüge 20, ein im wesentlichen flaches Teil sein. Das Werkzeug ist deshalb relativ kostengünstig herstellbar. Die Fig. 2 zeigt den rechten oberen Teil des Wärmeaustauschers der Fig. 1 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung. Die Fig. 3 und 4 sind Querschnitte durch den Sammelkasten 7 der Fig. 1 und 2, einschließlich Rohrboden 5 und Zwischenboden 10. Dabei liegt die Schnittebene in der Fig. 3 zwischen den Flachrohren 2, so dass die zum Kühlnetz 1 gerichteten Durchzüge 20 in ihrem Umfang zu erkennen sind. In diesen Durchzügen 20 sind die Enden 4 der Flachrohre 2 eingefügt und darin verlötet worden. Da in der Fig. 4 die Schnittebene in einem Flachrohr 2 liegt, ist auch der zugeordnete Durchzug 20, der die Öffnung 6.1 umgibt, im Schnitt zu erkennen.
    Ein wesentlich flacherer Zwischenboden 10 als in den Fig. 1 bis 4 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 6 gezeigt worden, bei der es sich auch um einen Querschnitt durch einen Sammelkasten 7 handelt, wobei die Schnittebene in einem der Flachrohre 2 liegt. In jedem Fall ist zwischen dem Zwischenboden 10 und dem Rohrboden 5 ein mit der Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmter Raum 12 vorhanden, durch den der Übergang bzw. der Ausgleich zwischen der ursprünglich geringeren Kühlnetztiefe zu der vergrößerten Kühlnetztiefe stattfinden kann. Der durchströmbare Raum 12 wurde lediglich in den Querschnitten der Fig. 3 bis 6 gezeigt. Es versteht sich, dass sich dieser Raum 12 etwa über die Länge der Sammelkästen 7 oder der Rohrböden 5 erstreckt, was sich auch aus der Beschreibung der Ränder 9 und 11 ergibt, die umlaufend sind, d. h. die den Umfang der Rohrböden 5 bzw. der Zwischenböden 10 umgeben. Der Rohrboden 5 kann in den Ausführungsbeispielen der bisher beschriebenen Figuren völlig unverändert bleiben. Wenn jedoch das Werkzeug zur Herstellung des Rohrbodens 5 ein mehrstufiges Folgewerkzeug ist, kann ohne großen Aufwand der Einsatz, der als Loch - Durchzugsstempel vorgesehen ist, aus dem Folgewerkzeug entfernt und durch ein einfaches Lochwerkzeug ersetzt werden, so dass die Reihe von Öffnungen 6 im Rohrboden 5 lediglich als eine oder wenige Öffnungen 6 im Rohrboden 5 vorhanden ist, um das wärmeaustauschende Mittel hindurch zu lassen. Ob eine solche Maßnahme (Änderung am Rohrbodenwerkzeug) vorgesehen wird, hängt davon ab, ob ein etwas höherer Druckverlust hingenommen werden kann oder nicht.
    Im Ausführungsbeispiel, das in den Fig. 5, 8 und 9 gezeigt ist, wurde in dem Folgewerkzeug zur Herstellung des Rohrbodens 5 lediglich der bereits erwähnte Loch - und Durchzugsstempeleinsatz für die Öffnungen 6, beispielsweise solche mit dem Maß 30 mm, ausgewechselt gegen eine andere Einheit mit dem tieferen Maß von beispielsweise 40 mm. Die Fig. 8 zeigt auf der linken Seite die Öffnungen 6, die den großen Durchmesser D (neu) aufweisen, mit denen der gesamte Rohrboden 5 versehen wird. Auf der rechten Seite sind einige der alten Öffnungen 6 angedeutet worden, mit dem Durchmesser D (alt), lediglich um den beschriebenen Unterschied zu verdeutlichen. Als Zwischenboden 10 wurde dann oberhalb des Rohrbodens 5 ein wannenartig geformtes, einfach herzustellendes Teil eingefügt. In diesem Zwischenboden 10 können wenige (drei) große Öffnungen 6.1 bzw. eine rechteckige Öffnung 6.1, eventuell mit Zwischenstegen 50 (Fig. 9) , ausgestanzt sein, um die Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmen zu lassen. Der wannenartig geformte Zwischenboden 10 dieses Ausführungsbeispiels wurde mit dem umlaufenden Rand 11 nach unten weisend in den umlaufenden Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5 eingelegt. Dadurch bildet der Zwischenboden 10, bzw. seine vertikale Umrandung 60, eine innen liegende Abstützung für die Dichtung 30 aus. Der Verklammerungsvorgang des Sammelkastens 7 mit seinem Rand 8 am Rand 9 des Rohrbodens 5, der nach dem Lötprozess stattfindet, wird damit sichergestellt bzw. unterstützt. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features in claim 1. Because the intermediate floors have an edge that is connected to the circumferential edge of the tube sheets and because the intermediate floors have one or more openings, so that between the intermediate floor and the associated tube sheet there is a space through which the heat-exchanging agent flowing through the flat tubes flows , it is possible, with little change, to provide a heat exchanger whose cooling capacity is greater or which has a greater depth of the cooling network. The flow-through space mentioned above compensates for the difference in depth. The flow-through space also serves to compensate for pressure differences over the length of the collecting tanks.
    The intermediate floor can have only one or a few openings provided with stiffening webs. This is the case if the intermediate floor is arranged above the associated tube sheet. However, the intermediate base preferably has openings with passages corresponding to the flat tube ends in order to be able to solder the flat tube ends in the passages. In these preferred cases, the intermediate floor is arranged below the associated tube sheet.
    The header boxes of the heat exchanger with the lower cooling capacity can be used without having to make any changes. In addition, the forming tool can continue to be used to produce the tube sheets, with no or - in the case of certain variants explained below - only minor changes being necessary. In principle, the only additional effort is to provide a tool for the intermediate floors, the requirements for the accuracy of the intermediate floors being comparatively low, which is why the required tool effort is low. In any case, the degree of deformation of the intermediate floors is lower than that of the tube sheets, which also contributes to relatively low tool costs. The invention thus makes it possible to design the tools and devices for the large series. Since in a vehicle series the vehicles with somewhat lower engine output and cooling requirements are often the ones that are produced in larger quantities, the tools can be tailored to the components required for this. For example, a heat exchanger tailored to this has a cooling network depth of approximately 30 mm, which corresponds approximately to the large diameter of the flat tubes of the cooling network. In smaller numbers, more powerful heat exchangers are required for motor vehicles of the same series but with a greater engine output, which must have a cooling network depth of, for example, approximately 40 mm. This takes place in that an intermediate base is produced and inserted into the heat exchanger which, as was characterized in more detail in claims 2 to 5, is formed and which also emerges from the description of the following exemplary embodiments, for which reference is made to the accompanying figures.
  • Fig. 1 front view of the heat exchanger;
  • Fig. 2 enlarged detail of Fig. 1;
  • 3 partial cross section (between the flat tubes) of the heat exchanger of a first exemplary embodiment;
  • 4 like FIG. 3 but sectional plane in a flat tube;
  • 5 partial cross section (through the flat tube) of a second exemplary embodiment;
  • 6 partial cross section (through the flat tube) of a third exemplary embodiment;
  • 7 partial cross section of the heat exchanger from the prior art;
  • 8 shows a schematic top view of the tube sheet from FIG. 5;
  • 9 shows a schematic plan view of the intermediate floor from FIG. 5;
    • 7 shows a customary design of the heat exchanger in the area of the connection between the peripheral edge 8 of the collecting tank 7 and the peripheral edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 . With the interposition of a seal 30 , a liquid-tight connection is created, for example, by bending tabs 15 at the edge 9 . The ends 4 of the flat tubes 2 are in the case shown in FIG. 7 in corresponding openings 6 in the tube sheets 5 and are soldered therein. The large diameter D (old) of the flat tubes 2 here is, for example, 30 mm, which corresponds to the depth of the cooling network 1 . The cooling network 1 consists of flat tubes 2 with corrugated fins 3 interposed , as shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2. The heat exchanger is the air / coolant cooler of a motor vehicle, in which the cooling air flows through the corrugated fins 3 and the coolant flows through the flat tubes 2 . The collecting boxes 7 are made of plastic and are produced in large numbers in a relatively expensive injection molding tool. When the cooling network 1 is soldered to the tube sheets 5 , a seal 30 is inserted into the U-shaped edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 and the collecting box 7 is placed with its edge 8 on the seal 30 in the edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 . In a special tool, as already mentioned above, the flaps 15 are then bent over at the edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 , the solid and liquid-tight connection mentioned being produced with the collecting box 7 .
    In order to use flat tubes 2 with a larger "large" diameter D (new) with very little change effort or, ma W., to equip the heat exchanger with a deeper, more powerful cooling network, without the tube plate 5 , which is also produced with an expensive tool In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an intermediate base 10 is connected with its edge 11 metallically to the edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 . In this variant, the intermediate plate 10 is arranged below the tube plate 5, ie between the tube plate 5 and the cooling network 1 . In the exemplary embodiments shown, each intermediate floor 10 is a drawn part, the accuracy of which - with the exception of the openings 6.1 with the passages 20 - does not have to be particularly stringent. The intermediate floor 10 only has to have a suitable peripheral edge 11 in order to be able to be soldered to the peripheral edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 . The intermediate floor 10 does not necessarily have to be trough-like, as in FIGS. 1 to 4. For example, the outer vertical edge 40 on the intermediate floor 10 , which can best be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, can essentially be omitted, so that the peripheral edge 11 of the intermediate base 10 only from below, but not laterally, rests against the circumferential edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 and is soldered. Thus, the intermediate floor 10, with the exception of the passages 20, can be a substantially flat part. The tool is therefore relatively inexpensive to manufacture. Fig. 2 shows the upper right part of the heat exchanger of Fig. 1 in an enlarged view. FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sections through the collecting box 7 of Fig. 1 and 2, including the tube sheet 5 and the intermediate floor 10. The cutting plane in Fig. 3 between the flat tubes 2, so that the directed to the cooling network 1 passages 20 in their extent can be seen. In these passages 20 , the ends 4 of the flat tubes 2 are inserted and soldered therein. Since the sectional plane lies in a flat tube 2 in FIG. 4, the associated passage 20, which surrounds the opening 6.1 , can also be seen in section.
    A much flatter intermediate floor 10 than in FIGS. 1 to 4 has been shown in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6, which is also a cross section through a collecting box 7 , the sectional plane being located in one of the flat tubes 2 . In any case, between the intermediate plate 10 and the tube plate 5 there is a space 12 through which the cooling liquid flows, through which the transition or the compensation between the originally smaller cooling network depth to the increased cooling network depth can take place. The flow-through space 12 was only shown in the cross sections of FIGS. 3 to 6. It goes without saying that this space 12 extends approximately over the length of the header boxes 7 or the tube sheets 5 , which also results from the description of the edges 9 and 11 , which are circumferential, ie the circumference of the tube sheets 5 or the intermediate sheets 10 surrounded. The tube sheet 5 can remain completely unchanged in the exemplary embodiments of the figures described so far. If, however, the tool for producing the tube sheet 5 is a multi-stage follow-up tool, the insert, which is provided as a hole punch, can be removed from the follow-up tool and replaced by a simple punch tool without great effort, so that the row of openings 6 in the tube sheet 5 is only present as one or a few openings 6 in the tube sheet 5 in order to let the heat-exchanging agent through. Whether such a measure (change to the tube sheet tool) is provided depends on whether a slightly higher pressure loss can be accepted or not.
    In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 5, 8 and 9, in the follow-up tool for producing the tube sheet 5, only the aforementioned hole and punch insert for the openings 6, for example those with the dimension 30 mm, were exchanged for another Unit with the lower dimension, for example 40 mm. Fig. 8 shows on the left side the openings 6, which have the large diameter D (new) , with which the entire tube sheet 5 is provided. On the right side, some of the old openings 6 have been indicated, with the diameter D (old), only to clarify the difference described. A trough-shaped, easy-to-manufacture part was then inserted as intermediate floor 10 above the tube sheet 5 . A few (three) large openings 6.1 or a rectangular opening 6.1, possibly with intermediate webs 50 (FIG. 9), can be punched out in this intermediate floor 10 in order to allow the cooling liquid to flow through. The trough-shaped intermediate base 10 of this exemplary embodiment was inserted with the peripheral edge 11 facing downward into the peripheral edge 9 of the tube sheet 5 . As a result, the intermediate floor 10, or its vertical border 60, forms an inner support for the seal 30 . The clamping process of the collecting tank 7 with its edge 8 on the edge 9 of the tube sheet 5, which takes place after the soldering process, is thus ensured or supported.

    Ein wesentlicher weiterer Vorteil sämtlicher Varianten besteht darin, dass die äußere Kontur des Rohrbodens 5 in jedem Fall unverändert bleibt, weshalb das Werkzeug zum Verklammern ohne Änderungen verwendet werden kann.A significant further advantage of all variants is that the outer contour of the tube sheet 5 remains unchanged in any case, which is why the tool can be used for clamping without changes.

    Claims (5)

    Wärmeaustauscher, mit einem gelöteten Kühlnetz (1) aus Flachrohren (2) und Wärmeaustauschelementen (3), wobei die Enden (4) der Flachrohre (2) mit in gegenüberliegenden Rohrböden (5) angeordneten Öffnungen (6) kommunizieren, so dass ein wärmeaustauschendes Mittel durch die Flachrohre (2) und die Öffnungen (6) strömen kann und mit Sammelkästen (7) aus Kunststoff, deren Rand (8) mit dem umlaufenden Rand (9) der Rohrböden (5) mechanisch verbunden ist sowie mit den Rohrböden (5) zugeordneten Zwischenböden (10),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Zwischenboden (10) einen umlaufenden Rand (11) aufweist, der mit dem umlaufenden Rand (9) des zugeordneten Rohrbodens (5) metallisch verbunden ist, dass die Zwischenböden (10) entweder eine Vielzahl von in Reihe angeordneten Öffnungen (6.1) oder lediglich eine oder wenige Öffnungen (6.1) besitzen, und dass zwischen dem Zwischenboden (10) und dem Rohrboden (5) ein durchströmter Raum (12) für das durch die Flachrohre (2) strömende wärmetauschende Mittel vorhanden ist.    Heat exchanger, with a soldered cooling network (1) made of flat tubes (2) and heat exchange elements (3), the ends (4) of the flat tubes (2) communicating with openings (6) arranged in opposite tube sheets (5), so that a heat-exchanging agent can flow through the flat tubes (2) and the openings (6) and with collecting boxes (7) made of plastic, the edge (8) of which is mechanically connected to the peripheral edge (9) of the tube sheets (5) and to the tube sheets (5) assigned intermediate floors (10),
    characterized in that each intermediate floor (10) has a peripheral edge (11) which is metallically connected to the peripheral edge (9) of the associated tube sheet (5), that the intermediate floors (10) either have a plurality of openings () 6.1) or only one or a few openings (6.1), and that between the intermediate floor (10) and the tube sheet (5) there is a flow-through space (12) for the heat-exchanging agent flowing through the flat tubes (2).         Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenboden (10) zwischen dem zugeordneten Rohrboden (5) und dem Kühlnetz (1) angeordnet ist und dass die Abmessung der Öffnungen (6.1) im Zwischenboden (10) - in Richtung der großen Durchmesser (D neu) der Flachrohre (2) gesehen - größer ist, als die Öffnungen (6, D alt) in den Rohrböden (5), wobei die Öffnungen (6.1) der Anzahl und Gestalt der Flachrohrenden (4) entsprechen.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate plate (10) is arranged between the associated tube plate (5) and the cooling network (1) and that the dimensions of the openings (6.1) in the intermediate plate (10) - in the direction of the large diameter ( D new) of the flat tubes (2) - is larger than the openings (6, D old) in the tube sheets (5), the openings (6.1) corresponding to the number and shape of the flat tube ends (4). Wärmeaustauscher nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (6.1) in den Zwischenböden (10) vorzugsweise in Richtung zum Kühlnetz (1) weisende Durchzüge (20) besitzen, um die Flachrohrenden (4) darin zu verlöten.Heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the openings (6.1) in the intermediate floors (10) preferably have passages (20) pointing in the direction of the cooling network (1) in order to solder the flat tube ends (4) therein. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenboden (10) oberhalb des zugeordneten Rohrbodens (5) bzw. zwischen dem Rohrboden (5) und dem Sammelkasten (7) angeordnet ist und dass der Zwischenboden (10) eine oder mehrere Öffnungen (6.1) besitzt, deren kleiner Durchmesser (D k) kleiner ist, als der große Durchmesser (D neu) der die Flachrohrenden (4) aufnehmenden Öffnungen (6) in den Rohrböden (5) und dass der Zwischenboden (10) wannenartig verformt ist, um den Rand (8) der Sammelkästen (7) bei dessen mechanischer Verbindung mit dem Rand (9) der Rohrböden (5) von innen abzustützen.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate plate (10) is arranged above the associated tube plate (5) or between the tube plate (5) and the collecting tank (7) and that the intermediate plate (10) has one or more openings (6.1 ), whose small diameter (D k ) is smaller than the large diameter (D new) of the flat tube ends (4) receiving openings (6) in the tube sheets (5) and that the intermediate base (10) is deformed like a trough in order to to support the edge (8) of the collecting boxes (7) from the inside during its mechanical connection to the edge (9) of the tube sheets (5). Wärmeaustauscher nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (6.1) in den Zwischenböden (10) etwa rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen, der von in Richtung (Dk) weisenden Versteifungsstegen (50) durchquert ist.Heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the openings (6.1) in the intermediate floors (10) have an approximately rectangular cross-section, which is crossed by stiffening webs (50) pointing in the direction (D k ).
    EP02006977A 2001-07-05 2002-03-27 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP1273864B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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    DE10132617 2001-07-05
    DE10132617A DE10132617A1 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-05 heat exchangers

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    EP (1) EP1273864B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE268460T1 (en)
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    ES (1) ES2222414T3 (en)

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    EP1912035A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2008-04-16 Modine Manufacturing Company Motor vehicle cooler
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP1273864A3 (en) 2003-06-11
    DE10132617A1 (en) 2003-01-16
    EP1273864B1 (en) 2004-06-02
    US20030006028A1 (en) 2003-01-09
    ES2222414T3 (en) 2005-02-01
    US6644392B2 (en) 2003-11-11
    DE50200493D1 (en) 2004-07-08
    ATE268460T1 (en) 2004-06-15

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