EP1252367B1 - Procede d'oxalatation de la surface zinguee d'une tole - Google Patents
Procede d'oxalatation de la surface zinguee d'une tole Download PDFInfo
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- EP1252367B1 EP1252367B1 EP01903890A EP01903890A EP1252367B1 EP 1252367 B1 EP1252367 B1 EP 1252367B1 EP 01903890 A EP01903890 A EP 01903890A EP 01903890 A EP01903890 A EP 01903890A EP 1252367 B1 EP1252367 B1 EP 1252367B1
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- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- mol
- solution
- oxalation
- oxalate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/46—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing oxalates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for depositing a layer based on of zinc oxalate on the zinc-based coating, excluding alloys zinc-iron, galvanized metal sheet or strip, and plate or strip obtained by this method.
- Oxalation is a surface conversion treatment applied since a long time on metal surfaces, such as steel, zinc or aluminum, and intended to form on the surface an oxalate-based deposit of which pre-lubrication properties facilitate cold forming.
- the present invention relates specifically to surface treatment galvanized, in particular those of carbon steel sheets or strips; "carbon steel” means a steel whose proportion of elements addition or alloy is significantly lower than that found in the stainless steels.
- the oxalation treatment of galvanized surfaces thus replaces the conventional pre-phosphatation treatment, and has the advantage of being without any adverse effect on subsequent assembly and painting done at the customers' premises, because it is totally eliminated during the degreasing operation that precedes phosphatization.
- Oxalation solutions for zinc surfaces that are more respectful of the environment than those mentioned previously.
- phosphate, xanthates, dithiophosphoric acid esters, thioglycolic acid and thioureas contained in the oxalation solutions of the prior art are part of of these compounds whose manufacturers must limit the maximum use, even eliminate, because of the problems related to their toxicity and their reprocessing.
- Oxalic acid alone has no toxicity; manufacturers have therefore developed processes using only acid solutions oxalic acid containing no toxic compounds.
- US Pat. No. 2,060,365 Relates to the treatment of galvanized surfaces by means of an aqueous solution comprising ferric oxalate Fe 2 (C 2 O 4) 3 (1 to 10%, ie 0.05 to 0, 5 mole / l of Fe 3+ ) and free oxalic acid in an amount sufficient to inhibit the hydrolysis of the ferric salt. It is indicated on page 1, column 2, lines 37 to 42, that the solution preferably comprises 4 to 5% ferric oxalate (ie 0.2 to 0.26 mol / l) and 0.5 to 1% d oxalic acid (ie 5.10 -2 to 10 -1 mol / l of oxalic acid).
- ferric hydroxide is obtained according to the following reaction: Fe 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 + 6 OH - ⁇ 2 Fe (OH) 3 + 3C 2 O 4 2-
- ferric hydroxide has a red rust appearance that will be unacceptable to the customer.
- the oxalation of metal surfaces is likely to be by one of the following techniques: by dipping, by coating or by aspersion.
- the sheet may be rinsed and dried with classic way. It is then coated with a thin layer of oil type QUAKER6130 to provide temporary protection against corrosion.
- the coating technique consists in scrolling at high speeds (80 to 100 m / min) a strip of galvanized steel between two rotating coating rollers, which dip in two containers containing a solution comprising only oxalic acid optionally added with a wetting agent.
- the thickness of the zinc oxalate layer is governed by the amount of material deposited by the rollers, and thus by the roll-sheet distance and the application time of the oxalic acid solution is also very short, of the order of the second.
- the application of the treatment solution by coating without rinsing before drying provides access to a more homogeneous distribution of the conversion layer than the application of the solution to dipping, and weights less than 0.5 g / m 2 , or even less than or equal to 0.1 g / m 2 , can then be sufficient to obtain optimum pre-lubricating properties.
- the concentration of the oxalic acid solution is between 0.3 and 0.8 mol / l, so as to obtain zinc oxalate layers on the substrate which are sufficiently thick.
- step 2 of oxalation can occur only if step 1 of dissolution was previously initiated, which is a classic scheme and general conversion treatments; to increase the rate of oxalation at a level compatible with the speed of scrolling of steel sheets in industrial installations, it is therefore appropriate to increase the dissolution rate zinc (step 1) while remaining in conditions of precipitation of oxalate (step 2).
- a first solution to increase the rate of oxalation would consist in create more oxidizing conditions, by adding significant quantities of hydrogen peroxide or electrochemical polarization, which is economically disadvantageous;
- US Patent 5,795,661 BETHLEHEM STEEL thus describes the interest of an oxalation treatment for prelubrication of sheets galvanized, particularly in the context of the shaping of these sheets by means of an aqueous solution comprising oxalic acid and hydrogen peroxide;
- a second solution would be to lower the pH and increase the oxalic acid concentration; unfortunately, this solution presents the disadvantages of decreasing the width of the "operating range" previously described and seriously complicates the control of the conditions industrial application of treatment.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to make available a process for treating galvanized steel strips by means of ecological oxalation solutions, so as to obtain deposits zinc oxalates with good pre-lubrication properties (therefore of sufficient thickness), while substantially increasing the speed oxalation, and avoiding or limiting the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the subject of the invention is a process for forming a zinc oxalate layer on the surface of a strip or metal sheet coated with a layer of zinc or zinc alloy, except for zinc-iron alloys, by means of an aqueous oxalation solution consisting of oxalic acid at a concentration of between 5.10 -3 and 0.1 mol / l, of at least one compound and / or one ion a zinc oxidizing metal at a concentration of between 10 -6 , water and 10 -2 mol / l, and optionally a wetting agent.
- an aqueous oxalation solution consisting of oxalic acid at a concentration of between 5.10 -3 and 0.1 mol / l, of at least one compound and / or one ion a zinc oxidizing metal at a concentration of between 10 -6 , water and 10 -2 mol / l, and optionally a wetting agent.
- the concentration of oxidizing ions is lower than concentration threshold from which precipitation is observed from the corresponding metal.
- the subject of the invention is also a method of lubricating and temporary protection of a galvanized sheet, characterized in that it comprises a surface oxalation treatment step according to the invention, followed by a step of applying a layer of oil.
- the invention also relates to a process for stamping a sheet metal galvanized characterized in that it comprises, prior to stamping, a lubrication step according to the invention.
- the inventors have highlighted that by adding a very small amount of a compound and / or an ion of a metal capable of oxidizing the zinc in the oxalation solution according to the invention, obtained a layer of zinc oxalate on the galvanized surface of the sheets or steel strips treated with said oxalate solution, the thickness of which is sufficient to give the sheet or strip thus treated good protection temporary corrosion and good pre-lubricating properties.
- Zinc-plated surface of a sheet or strip of steel means surface coated essentially with zinc, or a zinc-based alloy, with the exception for this invention of zinc-iron alloys.
- the concentration of compounds and / or oxidizing metal ions of zinc is between 10 -6 and 10 -2 mol / l, preferably between 10 -6 and 10 -3 mol / l.
- the use of these metal ions is not always essential to accelerate the oxalation reaction, except, for example, in the case of application by coating to quickly obtain a complete reaction of the treatment solution with the surface; especially for oxalation baths whose oxalic acid concentration is less than 0.05 mol / l, the addition of these ions in low concentration in the treatment solution is an efficient and economical way to obtain oxalation kinetics industrially viable in immersion.
- the invention therefore applies to oxalation baths whose oxalic acid concentration is between 5.10 -3 and 0.1 mol / l, preferably between 5.10 -3 and 5.10 -2 mol / l.
- Table I describes oxalation baths of comparable performance; compared with the baths of the prior art, it is found that the bath according to the invention is less concentrated in oxalic acid or does not contain oxygenated water.
- Oxalation baths with comparable drawing performance Oxalation solution US 5,795,661 Industrial practices Invention
- Oxygenated water 2 to 4 g / l Without without Zinc oxidizing metal ions Without Without 10 -3 mol / l (Ni 2+ )
- the metal ion is selected from the group of ions listed in Table II; this table also indicates the value of the normal potential of the redox couple (ion / corresponding metallic element or other ion) in volts (V) compared to the Normal Hydrogen Electrode ("ENH"). Ions usable in the oxalation solutions according to the invention.
- V / ENH ions Redox couple Potential V / ENH ions Redox couple Potential V / ENH Ni 2+ Ni 2+ / Ni -0.26 Fe 3+ Fe 3+ / Fe -0.037 Co 2+ Co 2+ / Co -0.28 Mo 3+ Mo 3+ / Mo -0.20 Cu 2+ Cu 2+ / Cu 0.34 Sn 2+ Sn 2+ / Sn -0.14 Fe 2+ Fe 2+ / Fe -0.44 Sn 4+ Sn 4+ / Sn 2+ -0.151
- the oxalation treatment bath may comprise agents wetting and inevitable impurities.
- the treatment solution containing the metal ions of in order to obtain a deposit of zinc oxalate on the galvanized surface of the sheet, it is carried out in a conventional manner, for example by quenching, by spraying, or by coating; the application step is followed by a drying step; between the application step and the drying step, it is possible to rinse treated sheet.
- the optimal composition of the bath (oxalic acid concentrations and metal ions) and the morphology of the deposit obtained based on oxalate depend conditions of application; we adapt in a manner known in itself these conditions to obtain the oxalate-based deposition basis required obtaining the desired properties, for example pre-lubricating properties.
- the minimum thickness required is of the order of about 0.7 microns, which corresponds to a weight of the order 2 g / m 2 of zinc oxalate; the application of the treatment solution by coating without rinsing before drying provides access to a more homogeneous distribution of the conversion layer and grammages less than 0.5 g / m 2 , or even less than or equal to 0.1 g / m 2 , can then be sufficient to obtain the optimal prelubricating properties.
- This effect facilitates the management of oxalation baths in application industrial.
- the important activity of low-concentration zinc oxidizing ions indicates a catalyst effect preventing the temporary inhibition of formation of the oxalate layer.
- the oxalation treatment of galvanized sheets according to the invention can be used for all usual applications of oxalation such as those described in introduction, especially for the prelubrication of these sheets.
- LDS glow discharge spectroscopy
- Ion erosion and mass spectroscopy analysis of ejected ions (SIMS: Ion Mass Spectroscopy in English) reveals the presence of oxidizing zinc ions (Ni 2+ ) in the thickness of the deposit, as illustrated by the example 3; these ions are not detectable at the extreme surface of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS: X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy in English) deposit; these ions are not detectable either in the thickness by chemical analysis.
- This example is intended to illustrate, with reference to Figure 1, the evolution of the rate of oxalation by dipping a galvanized sheet according to the oxalic acid concentration of the treatment bath and / or depending on the temperature of this bath.
- FIG. 1 represents the variation of thickness of deposit with dipping of zinc oxalate ( ⁇ m) depending on the duration of the oxalation treatment, either here the soaking time (s), for different concentrations of oxalic acid - 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.8 mole / liter, and two temperatures 25 ° C and 50 ° C, eight curves in total (the 0.1 mol / l curves at 25 ° C and 50 ° C are combined).
- the thickness of the Zinc oxalate deposit should be greater than or equal to about 0.7 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B and 3 illustrate examples 1 and 2: on the ordinate, abandonment potential (measured in mV compared to a Calomel Electrode Saturated: "ECS") of a galvanized sheet steel according to the time (s) in abscissa, measured from the instant of immersion of the sheet (time zero) by chronopotentiometry with almost zero current.
- ECS Calomel Electrode Saturated
- This example is intended to illustrate, according to the invention, the effect of the addition, at very low concentration, of Ni 2+ ions in the treatment solution on the oxalation rate of the zinc-coated sheet, using here, still dipping, different treatment solutions at 25 ° C containing the same proportion of 0.5 mol / l of oxalic acid; the Ni 2+ ions are zinc oxidizing.
- the sheet steel electrode is in the form of a circular disk with a surface area of 0.2 cm 2 ; during the measurement, the electrode is rotated at 1250 revolutions per minute.
- Curve C (comparative) relates to a solution of the prior art, without addition of oxidizing ions of zinc; it shows a first phase steady increase in potential up to about 100 seconds followed a second phase of slight slow and steady decrease; in the first phase, it is found that the rate of oxalation is very low in the first moments then increases steadily (increase of the slope of the curve); this very low rate of oxalation reflects a phenomenon of inhibition temporary zinc surface that the invention allows precisely to limit.
- Curves A and B relate to solutions according to the invention, containing oxidizing ions of zinc; they show that the oxalation is almost instantaneous, which indicates that very small amounts of Ni 2+ ions added to the solution make it possible to limit or even eliminate this inhibition phenomenon, to considerably increase the reactivity of the galvanized surface , and greatly increase the rate of oxalation.
- This example is intended to illustrate that only ions that are oxidizing zinc, even at low concentration, provide this synergistic effect and allow to increase the rate of oxalation.
- Example 1 we use the measure of potential to abandon the same galvanized steel sheet dipped in the treatment solution to be evaluated.
- solutions containing only 0.05 mol / l of oxalic acid are used here, always at 25 ° C .; for all solutions (except the reference one, B), the concentration of added ions is 10 -3 mol / l.
- the Cu 2+ , Co 2+ and Ni 2+ ions are oxidizing agents of zinc and are therefore usable for the invention, the Mn 2+ ions are not oxidizing agents of zinc and can not be used for the invention.
- the purpose of this example is to search in which area of concentration the oxidizing ion of zinc added to the treatment solution is effective in catalyzing and accelerating the oxalation of the galvanized surface.
- the potential curves are plotted at the abandonment of a galvanized steel electrode in solutions comprising 0.05 mol / liter of oxalic acid and different concentrations of NiCl 2 ranging between -7 and 10 -1 mol / liter; it is found that the catalytic effect of Ni 2+ ions occurs as soon as the NiCl 2 concentration reaches 10 -6 mol / l; is always observed this effect for higher concentrations, up to 10 -2 mole / liter; Beyond this concentration, a chemical nickel deposit is observed in the eye.
- This example is intended to illustrate the physicochemical characteristics deposit according to the invention which differentiate it from an oxalation deposit carried out according to the prior art (reference).
- FIG. 4 shows, from top to bottom, the profiles of Ni + 58, O - 16 and ZnO + 80 obtained by mass spectroscopy of ionic ( "SIMS") on an oxalate based coating produced according to the invention ( curves A) and on a deposit made under the same conditions but without the addition of oxidizing metal ions (curves B); the curves indicate the intensity of the signal as a function of the ionic erosion time (0 to 25 min.), that is to say as a function of the depth from the extreme surface.
- SIMS mass spectroscopy of ionic
- the sputter time extends to 25 minutes and corresponds to a depth of about 1 to 1.5 microns.
- This example is intended to illustrate the possible synergies between the filing at oxalate base and a lubricating oil, especially in the case where this oil contains fatty esters and / or calcium carbonate.
- Fatty esters are classic components of lubrication; calcium carbonates are classic additives to these oils, dispersed and emulsified in the oily phase in general using alkyl sulfonates or alkyl aryl sulfonates; the usual term for this mixture is "overbased calcium sulfonate".
- QUAKER 6130 oil used in the effect evaluation procedure pre-lubricant contains, besides the oil olefinic or paraffinic mineral, both components at a time: about 16% of fatty esters and about 5% of calcium carbonate.
- Friction tests are carried out (point 2, ⁇ METHODS above, here with a constant clamping pressure of 400 ⁇ 5 Pa) on zinc specimens not treated by oxalation and on test specimens treated by coating according to the invention. so as to obtain an oxalate-based deposit of the order of 0.3 g / m 2 .
- the oxalate-based deposit provides a pre-lubricating effect much more important with an oil comprising at least one fatty ester and / or calcium carbonate in a higher proportion or equal to 5% with an oil that does not contain these components; the results clearly demonstrate the synergy of the oxalate deposit with each of these components.
- the free acid functions of the layer would react with the sulfonate functions of the oil (corrosion inhibitor compounds) by an acid-base reaction.
- the oil would be depleted of corrosion inhibiting species and would no longer be able to provide its protective function against corrosion.
- the basis weights of the zinc oxalate layers deposited on the treated galvanized surface are close to the target grammage (0.2 g / m 2 ), and lead to good behavior in the humidotherm, as well as excellent stamping behavior.
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Description
- 1 à 120 g/l d'acide oxalique soit 10-2 à 0,3 mole/l,
- 0,2 à 50 g/l de chlorure ferreux FeCl2 ou de chlorure ferrique FeCl3, soit 1,6.10-3 à 0,4 mole/l de Fe2+ ou 1,2.10-3 à 0,3 mole/l de Fe3+, et
- 5 à 50 g/l de phosphate. Les exemples indiquent que les temps de traitement sont de l'ordre de la minute. L'application de cette solution sur une surface métallique à l'aide de cette solution d'oxalate contenant des phosphates permet d'obtenir des revêtements présentant une bonne adhérence au substrat et facilitant le formage à froid. Cependant la présence de phosphates dans la solution n'est pas acceptable d'un point de vue écologique.
- 0,5 à 200 g/l d'acide oxalique soit 5.10-3 à 2,2 mole/l,
- 0,5 à 15 g/l d'ion ferrique Fe3+ soit 9.10-3 à 0,27 mole/l, et
- 0,025 à 5 g/l d'un composé soluble choisi parmi : les xanthates, les esters d'acides dithiophosphoriques, l'acide thioglycolique et les thiourées.
- soit on ralentit la ligne de traitement et on pénalise la productivité globale;
- soit on prévoit des bacs de traitement beaucoup plus longs, ce qui représente un surcoût d'investissement et par ailleurs n'est pas toujours possible en raison de l'encombrement.
- la durée du traitement n'est pas suffisamment longue pour atteindre le gain escompté en emboutissage, que le produit soit rincé ou non ;
- la réaction de conversion n'est pas complète ; ainsi, le dépôt d'oxalate comporte de l'acide oxalique qui n'a pas réagi avec le zinc mais qui va réagir avec la couche d'huile dont on revêt ultérieurement le produit, si on ne l'élimine pas par rinçage ; dans ce cas les performances de l'huile sont fortement détériorées. Ceci étant, que le produit ait été rincé ou non, la couche déposée est insuffisamment épaisse pour conduire à une amélioration de l'emboutissabilité du produit.
- d'une part, comme on l'a vu précédemment, les solutions acides concentrées sont agressives vis à vis de l'installation de traitement ; les bacs de traitement sont généralement en acier inoxydable, et les rouleaux d'enduction de la solution sont en caoutchouc ou en polyuréthane.
- d'autre part, immédiatement après l'enduction de la bande en défilement, on sèche la couche d'oxalate de zinc formée par des sécheurs portés à 180 °C, et placés juste en dessous des bacs de traitement. La chaleur dégagée par les sécheurs provoque dans un premier temps l'évaporation des solutions aqueuses d'acide oxalique contenues dans les bacs, puis dans un deuxième temps la précipitation de l'acide oxalique. On obtient alors assez rapidement des solutions d'aspect laiteux inaptes à la réaction d'oxalatation recherchée. On doit donc stopper la ligne de production, nettoyer les bacs et les recharger en solution propre d'acide oxalique.
- la concentration en acide oxalique est de préférence comprise entre 5.10-3 et 5.10-2 mole/l.
- la concentration en composés et/ou ions oxydants du zinc dans ladite solution est de préférence comprise entre 10-6 et 10-3 mole/l.
- l'au moins un ion est choisi dans le groupe comprenant Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mo3+, Sn2+, Sn4+.
- ladite solution est appliquée sur ladite surface zinguée sans polarisation électrique de ladite tôle.
- le grammage de ladite couche d'oxalate de zinc est compris entre 0,05 et 3 g/m2.
- ladite huile comprend au moins un ester gras et/ou du carbonate de calcium dans une proportion supérieure ou égale à 5%.
Bains d'oxalatation à performances en emboutissabilité comparables. | |||
Solution d'oxalatation | US 5 795 661 | Pratiques industrielles | Invention |
Acide Oxalique : | 7 à 14 g/l | 27 à 72 g/l | 9 g/l ≈ 0,1 mole/l |
Eau oxygénée : | 2 à 4 g/l | Sans | sans |
Ions métalliques oxydant du zinc | Sans | Sans | 10-3 mole/l (Ni2+) |
Ions utilisables dans les solutions d'oxalatation selon l'invention. | |||||
Ions | Couple Redox | Potentiel V/ENH | Ions | Couple Redox | Potentiel V/ENH |
Ni2+ | Ni2+/Ni | -0,26 | Fe3+ | Fe3+/Fe | -0,037 |
Co2+ | Co2+/Co | -0,28 | Mo3+ | Mo3+/Mo | -0,20 |
Cu2+ | Cu2+/Cu | +0,34 | Sn2+ | Sn2+/Sn | -0,14 |
Fe2+ | Fe2+/Fe | -0,44 | Sn4+ | Sn4+/Sn2+ | -0,151 |
- effets prélubrifiants comparables : absence de broutage au frottement, diminution sensible du coefficient de frottement (> 50%) par rapport à la même tôle huilée sans oxalatation préalable.
- dégraissabilité aisée en milieu alcalin, élimination facile du dépôt d'oxalate permettant, par exemple, d'effectuer un traitement de phosphatation dans de très bonnes conditions.
- si la fourchette est comprise entre 0,3 à 0,8 mole/l d'acide oxalique sans addition d'ions oxydants du zinc,
- la fourchette qu'on obtient avec addition d'ions oxydants du zinc selon l'invention est comprise entre 5.10-3 à 0,8 mole/litre.
- à des vitesses plus élevées, sans utiliser d'oxydant en quantité importante comme de l'eau oxygénée et/ou sans polarisation de la tôle,
- et/ou à l'aide de solutions moins concentrées en acide oxalique que dans l'art antérieur.
- En présence d'acide oxalique seul, on observe systématiquement un léger retard avant obtention d'une couche d'oxalate de zinc totalement couvrante, ce qui reflète un phénomène d'inhibition de formation du dépôt sur le revêtement zingué ; on observe également que ce retard est d'autant plus court que la concentration en acide oxalique est élevée.
- En présence d'ions métalliques oxydants du zinc selon l'invention, on observe une diminution très importante voire la disparition de ce phénomène d'inhibition (voir en particulier la figure 3).
- En présence d'ions métalliques au contraire réducteurs du zinc, à l'opposé de l'invention, on observe une aggravation de ce phénomène d'inhibition.
- 0,1 à 0,5 µm pour un dépôt appliqué par enduction,
- 0,5 à 0,8 µm pour un dépôt appliqué au trempé.
- avant test de frottement, l'éprouvette est préalablement huilée d'une manière standard, sauf indication contraire, à l'aide d'huile référencée 6130 de la Société QUAKER,
- le test de frottement est effectué à l'aide d'un tribomètre classique plan-plan, sous une pression de serrage croissante de 0 à 800.10+5 Pa ; la mesure retenue correspond en général à la moyenne des coefficients de frottement mesurés au cours de l'essai.
- à partir d'une éprouvette d'acier zingué traitée par oxalatation, une première étape de dissolution du dépôt et de la couche sous-jacente de zinc,
- à partir de la solution obtenue, une deuxième étape de dosage de la quantité d'acide oxalique contenue dans la solution.
- oxydation de l'acide oxalique : H2C2O4 → 2 CO2 + 2 H+ + 2 e-
- réduction du permanganate : MnO4 + 8 H+ + 5 e- → Mn2+ + 4 H2O
- 8 h à 40°C et 100% d'humidité relative
- 16 h à température et humidité ambiante.
- à 25°C, dès que [C2O4 2-] ≥ 0,8 mole/litre,
- à 50°C, dès que [C2O4 2-] ≥ 0,3 mole/litre.
- C = comparatif : [H2C2O4] = 0,5 mole/l sans addition d'ions,
- A : [H2C2O4] = 0,5 mole/l et [NiCl2] = 10-3 mole/l
- B : [H2C2O4] = 0,5 mole/l et [NiCl2] = 10-4 mole/l
- A : [H2C2O4] = 0,5 mole/l et [NiCl2] = 0,001 mole/l
- I : concerne une solution ne contenant que les ions oxydants du zinc à faible concentration, sans acide oxalique : [NiCl2] = 0,001 mole/l
- E0 (Cu2+/Cu) = + 0,34 V
- E0 (Ni2+/Ni) = - 0,26 V
- E0 (Co2+/Co) = - 0,28 V
- Pour mémoire : E0 (Zn2+/Zn) = - 0,76 V
- E0(Mn2+/Mn) = - 1,18V
- le nickel ajouté dans le bain d'oxalatation est présent dans l'épaisseur du dépôt réalisé en présence de Ni2+ à une concentration au moins 5 fois plus élevée que dans l'épaisseur du dépôt de référence ; le nickel détecté dans le dépôt de référence correspond au nickel des impuretés inévitables présentes dans le bain.
- l'ajout de Ni2+ dans le bain d'oxalatation augmente la proportion de zinc à l'état oxydé Zn2+ dans le dépôt, ce qui confirme que cet ajout favorise la dissolution et l'oxydation du zinc (en Zn2+) de la surface à traiter et permet d'augmenter l'épaisseur de la couche déposée.
- soit d'huile purement minérale ne contenant pas d'esters gras ni de carbonate de calcium (huile SHELL référencée 2881),
- soit d'huile QUAKER 6130,
- soit d'une couche de carbonate de calcium, appliquée par enduction d'une solution de sulfonates de calcium surbasés diluée dans de l'hexadécane ;
- soit d'une couche d'ester gras, appliquée également par enduction d'une solution d'oléate de méthyle (ester gras) dilué dans de l'hexadécane ;
résultats du comportement en humidotherme et en emboutissage. | |||
MODALITES | Grammage (g/m2 +/- 0,02) | Comportement en humidotherme; Nombre de cycles avant apparition de 10% de rouille blanche | Emboutissage |
Référence USICAR™ | - | 20 cycles | mauvais |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,1 M | 0,2 | Mauvais : 2 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,05 M | 0,2 | Mauvais : 2 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,05 M + CuCl2 10-4 M Non rincé | 0,23 | Bon : 20 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,05 M+ CuCl210-4 M Rincé | 0,21 | Bon : 18 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,05 M + CuCl210-3 M Non rincé | 0,16 | Bon : 24 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,05 M + CuCl2 10-3 M Rincé | 0.18 | Bon : 17 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,1 M + CuCl2 10-4 M Non rincé | 0,21 | Bon : 20 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,1 M+ CuCl2 10-4 M Rincé | 0,19 | Bon : 18 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0,1 M + CuCl2 10-3 M Non rincé | 0,21 | Bon : 20 cycles | excellent |
USICAR™ traité par H2C2O4 à 0.1 M+ CuCl210-3 M Rincé | 0,20 | Bon : 16 cycles | excellent |
(Remarque : dans ce tableau, nous avons remplacé l'unité mole/l par M) |
Claims (9)
- Procédé pour former une couche d'oxalate de zinc sur la surface d'une bande ou d'une tôle métallique revêtue d'une couche de zinc ou d'alliage de zinc, à l'exception des alliages zinc-fer, au moyen d'une solution aqueuse d'oxalatation constituée d'acide oxalique à une concentration comprise entre 5.10-3 et 0,1 mole/l, d'au moins un composé et/ou un ion d'un métal oxydant du zinc à une concentration comprise entre 10-6 et 10-2 mole/l, d'eau et éventuellement d'un agent mouillant.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé, en ce que ladite concentration en acide oxalique est comprise entre 5.10-3 et 5.10-2 mole/l.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que la concentration en composés et/ou ions oxydants du zinc dans ladite solution est comprise entre 10-6 et 10-3 mole/l.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un ion est choisi dans le groupe comprenant Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mo3+, Sn2+, Sn4+.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite solution est appliquée sur ladite surface zinguée sans polarisation électrique de ladite tôle.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le grammage de ladite couche d'oxalate de zinc est compris entre 0,05 et 3 g/m2.
- Procédé de lubrification et de protection temporaire d'une tôle zinguée, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de traitement d'oxalatation de surface selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, suivie d'une étape d'application d'une couche d'huile.
- Procédé de lubrification selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite huile comprend au moins un ester gras et/ou du carbonate de calcium dans une proportion supérieure ou égale à 5%.
- Procédé d'emboutissage d'une tôle zinguée, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, préalablement à l'emboutissage, une étape de lubrification selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0000370A FR2803855B1 (fr) | 2000-01-13 | 2000-01-13 | Procede d'oxalatation de la surface zinguee d'une tole |
FR0000370 | 2000-01-13 | ||
PCT/FR2001/000049 WO2001051682A1 (fr) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-01-09 | Procede d'oxalatation de la surface zinguee d'une tole |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1252367A1 EP1252367A1 (fr) | 2002-10-30 |
EP1252367B1 true EP1252367B1 (fr) | 2005-12-14 |
Family
ID=8845852
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01903890A Expired - Lifetime EP1252367B1 (fr) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-01-09 | Procede d'oxalatation de la surface zinguee d'une tole |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6991688B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1252367B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE312957T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001231855A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR0107593A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2397660C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60115843T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2252190T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2803855B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001051682A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2402484A1 (fr) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-04 | Rheinzink GmbH & Co. KG | Procédé de fabrication d'une couche de protection sur des produits plats en zinc de titane |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004024975A1 (fr) * | 2002-09-10 | 2004-03-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Bande d'acier recouverte de metal a base de sn presentant une excellente apparence et procede de production correspondant |
FR2864552B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-24 | 2006-07-21 | Usinor | Traitement de surface par hydroxysulfate |
DE102017107584A1 (de) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | Rwe Power Aktiengesellschaft | Zinkdosierung zur Dekontamination von Leichtwasserreaktoren |
CN111748758B (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2023-04-07 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种粘胶性优良的润滑处理热镀锌钢板及其制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2086712A (en) * | 1932-01-21 | 1937-07-13 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Coating zinc and the coated article |
GB394211A (en) * | 1932-01-21 | 1933-06-22 | Pyrene Co Ltd | Improvements in methods of and materials for coating zinc surfaces |
US1954744A (en) * | 1932-06-07 | 1934-04-10 | Delaney Chemical Company | Method and solution for treating metal surfaces |
US2060365A (en) * | 1933-01-31 | 1936-11-10 | Curtin Howe Corp | Oxalate coating on nonferrous metal |
US2081449A (en) * | 1935-05-16 | 1937-05-25 | Jr Charles B Cook | Solution for treating the surface of steel or iron for the application of paint |
DE976692C (de) * | 1951-06-26 | 1964-02-27 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Oxalatueberzuegen auf Metallen |
US2809138A (en) * | 1954-03-18 | 1957-10-08 | Hoechst Ag | Bath solution and a process of treating metal surfaces |
JP2668555B2 (ja) * | 1988-06-30 | 1997-10-27 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | 化成処理剤及び化成処理浴 |
US5795661A (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-08-18 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Zinc coated steel sheet and strip having improved formability and surface quality and method thereof |
-
2000
- 2000-01-13 FR FR0000370A patent/FR2803855B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-01-09 AU AU2001231855A patent/AU2001231855A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-09 ES ES01903890T patent/ES2252190T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-09 BR BR0107593-4A patent/BR0107593A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-09 US US10/169,486 patent/US6991688B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-09 EP EP01903890A patent/EP1252367B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-09 DE DE60115843T patent/DE60115843T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-09 WO PCT/FR2001/000049 patent/WO2001051682A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2001-01-09 CA CA002397660A patent/CA2397660C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-09 AT AT01903890T patent/ATE312957T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2402484A1 (fr) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-04 | Rheinzink GmbH & Co. KG | Procédé de fabrication d'une couche de protection sur des produits plats en zinc de titane |
DE102010025707A1 (de) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | Rheinzink Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schutzschichten auf Flacherzeugnissen aus Titanzink |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001051682A1 (fr) | 2001-07-19 |
FR2803855B1 (fr) | 2002-05-31 |
US20030070731A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
EP1252367A1 (fr) | 2002-10-30 |
AU2001231855A1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
BR0107593A (pt) | 2002-11-26 |
DE60115843T2 (de) | 2006-07-27 |
DE60115843D1 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
US6991688B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
ES2252190T3 (es) | 2006-05-16 |
CA2397660C (fr) | 2009-04-21 |
CA2397660A1 (fr) | 2001-07-19 |
ATE312957T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
FR2803855A1 (fr) | 2001-07-20 |
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