EP1249547A2 - Method for producing a building element for fire protection - Google Patents
Method for producing a building element for fire protection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1249547A2 EP1249547A2 EP02004086A EP02004086A EP1249547A2 EP 1249547 A2 EP1249547 A2 EP 1249547A2 EP 02004086 A EP02004086 A EP 02004086A EP 02004086 A EP02004086 A EP 02004086A EP 1249547 A2 EP1249547 A2 EP 1249547A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood wool
- wool fibers
- impregnated
- binder
- water glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010751 BS 2869 Class A2 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000425915 Nuxia congesta Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002706 dry binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010876 untreated wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a component of fire protection class A2 (according to DIN 4102 and ISO 1182), based on a lightweight component from irregularly three-dimensionally distributed as far as possible raw, i.e. untreated wood wool fibers. Free rooms between the wood wool fibers usually make at least 50% by volume, often 80% by volume and more of the total Lightweight construction element.
- the terms “lightweight component” and “component” refer to any type of molded product, for example a plate.
- a “lightweight component” differs from another component in particular by its relatively low bulk density (usually up to 350 kg / m 3 , according to DIN 1101 to at least 570 kg / m 3 ), due to a considerable volume of free space between the solid parts of the component.
- Wood wool lightweight boards have long been known under the trade name "HERAKLITH”.
- the wood wool fibers usually have a length of more than 8 cm, a width of 1 to 6 mm and a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
- the individual wood fibers are characterized by a considerable open porosity (so-called cells).
- the brittle wood wool fibers which have an irregular geometry, are distributed irregularly within the lightweight construction element in the form of an open-pore, three-dimensional framework and are connected to one another at least in sections by a binder, for example a magnesite binder.
- DIN 4102 divides such components into A - non-combustible building materials - with subclasses A1 - substances that are not combustible at all, and A2 - substances that are only slightly combustible - but do not continue to fire.
- DIN 4102 is further subdivided into B - flammable materials - whereby this class is again divided into B1 - flame retardant building materials -, B2 - normally flammable building materials - and B3 - easily flammable building materials -.
- the known wood wool lightweight board described above is classified in class B1.
- the aim of the present invention is to based on wood wool lightweight construction elements wood wool construction elements to provide an elevated Create fire protection and in class A2 according to DIN 4102 / ISO 1198 can be classified.
- the invention is based on the following finding:
- the invention sees a multi-stage Process which avoids the disadvantages mentioned, just like ammonia outgassing that occurs during the reaction an impregnating agent with a binder based Magnesium hydroxide can arise.
- the invention uses the outlined properties of raw wood wool fibers, by using at least one liquid Flame retardants are at least partially impregnated. Impregnation means that the liquid Flame retardant in the named cells (open pores) and / or superficial sack pores of the wood wool fibers is filled. For example, an aqueous Flame retardants are used. After evaporation the fire retardant remains in the water Form in the cavities of the wood fiber cells.
- the flame retardant can be used as an example Magnesium sulfate, also in combination with urea, consist. Both substances can be easily dissolved in water.
- Magnesium sulfate and urea as possible as one fractional, i.e. staggered, impregnation (Impregnation) with magnesium sulfate and urea.
- solutions with urea and Magnesium sulfate concentrations 10 wt .-% to to the solubility limit of approx. 30% by weight and use.
- the concentrations are corresponding higher and are for urea or magnesium sulfate each up to 60 wt .-%.
- the advantage of fractional Impregnation lies in the possibility of at least one provide aqueous solution in higher concentration. It is advantageous when using Magnesium sulfate and urea are both substances equal mass proportions (concentration amounts) for To make available, for example, related to 100 parts by weight of flame retardant, 40 to 60 Parts by weight of magnesium sulfate and 60 to 40 parts by weight Urea, which also identifies identical proportions.
- Wood wool fibers of the lightweight element at least partly with an inorganic binder coated.
- Coating means that the Binder in particular on the surface Wood wool fiber is applied so Contact / binding points between the individual wood fibers to get that make the molding stable.
- this can take the form of a dry binder, for example a powder prepared binder.
- a dry binder for example a powder prepared binder.
- Advantage is that no additional water is needed.
- the dry one Binder gets in contact with the still moist Surface of the wood wool fibers, previously impregnated were made into a suspension.
- a possible binder is magnesium oxide, which is in contact with water converts to magnesium hydroxide and in the contact area to the at least one already in or flame retardants on the wood fiber, for example, magnesium sulfate.
- magnesium sulfate fulfills the role of a reaction partner in Setting of the magnesium hydroxide.
- Another kind of Binder coating is done by entering a Binder foam in the wood wool frame.
- Binder made from a mixture of magnesium oxide and Calcium hydroxide.
- the importance of calcium hydroxide will explained in more detail using the third process stage.
- Water glass fulfills two functions. It leads to one, as a kind of second binder, to one Strength increase, and also has another fire retardant properties, so one Fire protection effect.
- the evenly distributed Calcium hydroxide ensures that water glass on everyone Place in the amount required for the precipitation reaction is absorbed and so does the water glass statistically about the volume of the lightweight element distributed. All in all, the calcium hydroxide also helps to an increased water glass intake and thus overall to improved fire protection behavior.
- the at least one Flame retardants in an amount of 20 to 250 wt .-%, based on the weight of the non-impregnated Wood wool fibers used. Quantities from 30 to 100 % By weight is often sufficient. It can be relative high percentage solutions are used, for example a 30 to 60% urea solution.
- the amount of binder may be 150 in one embodiment to 300 wt .-%, based on the weight of not impregnated wood wool fibers. Proportions of 175 to 260% by weight is often sufficient.
- the water glass portion will be based, among other things, on the amount of calcium hydroxide present and will usually be between 10 and 200% by weight, based on the non-impregnated wood wool fibers.
- a ratio of water glass / raw wood wool fibers between 0.2 and 1.8 is usually sufficient and is also dependent on the density of the flooded product. The denser the product, the more water glass is needed. For example, 20 to 160 kg / m 3 of water glass are used for one cubic meter of total volume of the component.
- the ratio Ca (OH) 2 to the raw wood wool is usually between 0.05 and 1.
- a ratio 0.3 and 0.6 is usually sufficient.
- a lightweight structural element in the form of a wood wool building board produced by the method according to the invention is shown in sections and in a highly schematic manner. In its basic structure, it does not differ from known wood wool lightweight panels. This is particularly so because, for example, the flame retardant is macroscopically invisible in the wood wool cells.
- the building board has a bulk density of approximately 500 kg / m 3 and consists of wood wool fibers with a length of 8 to 15 cm, a width of 3 to 6 mm and a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
- the volume fraction of "air" between the wood wool fibers is approximately 80% (within the external dimensions of the Plate).
- the originally prefabricated wood wool lightweight board from raw wood wool fibers with a Flame retardant made from magnesium sulfate and urea impregnated, then with a powder Binder based on magnesium oxide and calcium hydroxide coated and finally with a liquid water glass flooded and then dried.
- a generally applicable impregnation process for this is: First impregnation of the wood wool fibers with a 30 to 60% urea solution to achieve a Solids content of urea on the wood wool fibers between 100 and 200% by weight. Subsequent "rinsing" (Impregnation) with a 25% magnesium sulfate solution, where the magnesium sulfate content, based on the Wood wool fibers is between 10 and 40 wt .-%.
- Every wood fiber has a kind Cell structure with a significant amount of open Porosity. Individual of these cells accessible from the outside are symbolized with the reference number 12.
- the flame retardant has at the Impregnation treatment not only on the Surfaces of wood wool fibers 10 deposited, but also on the walls of the superficial sac pores as well of the open pores (cells) 12 inside the Wood wool fibers.
- the binder and the water glass are against it predominantly on the surface area of the wood wool fibers 10.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauelementes der Brandschutzklasse A2 (gemäß DIN 4102 und ISO 1182), ausgehend von einem Leichtbauelement aus unregelmäßig dreidimensional verteilten weitestgehend rohen, also unbehandelten Holzwollefasern. Freiräume zwischen den Holzwollefasern machen üblicherweise mindestens 50 Vol.-%, oft 80 Vol.-% und mehr des gesamten Leichtbauelementes aus.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a component of fire protection class A2 (according to DIN 4102 and ISO 1182), based on a lightweight component from irregularly three-dimensionally distributed as far as possible raw, i.e. untreated wood wool fibers. Free rooms between the wood wool fibers usually make at least 50% by volume, often 80% by volume and more of the total Lightweight construction element.
Die Begriffe "Leichtbauelement" und "Bauelement" bezeichnen jede Art eines geformten Erzeugnisses, beispielsweise eine Platte. Ein "Leichtbauelement" unterscheidet sich von einem sonstigen Bauelement insbesondere durch seine relativ geringe Rohdichte (üblicherweise bis 350 kg/m3, nach DIN 1101 bis mindestens 570 kg/m3), bedingt durch einen erheblichen Volumenanteil an Freiräumen zwischen den Feststoffanteilen des Bauelementes. Holzwolle-Leichtbauplatten sind unter dem Handelsnamen "HERAKLITH" seit langem bekannt. Die Holzwolle-Fasern weisen üblicherweise eine Länge von mehr als 8 cm, eine Breite von 1 bis 6 mm und eine Dicke von 0,2 bis 0,5 mm auf. Die einzelnen Holzfasern wiederum zeichnen sich durch eine erhebliche offene Porosität (sogenannte Zellen) aus. Die in unregelmäßiger Geometrie vorliegenden, spröden Holzwollefasern liegen innerhalb des Leichtbauelementes in Form eines offenporigen, dreidimensionalen Gerüstes unregelmäßig verteilt vor und sind zumindest abschnittweise untereinander über ein Bindemittel, beispielsweise ein magnesitisches Bindemittel, verbunden. Die DIN 4102 unterteilt derartige Bauteile in A - nicht brennbare Baustoffe - mit den Unterklassen A1 - Stoffe die überhaupt nicht brennbar sind, und A2 - Stoffe, welche nur geringfügig brennbar sind -, den Brand aber nicht weiter aufrechterhalten. Die weitere Unterteilung der DIN 4102 erfolgt in B - brennbare Stoffe - wobei diese Klasse wieder unterteilt ist in B1 - schwer entflammbare Baustoffe -, B2 - normal entflammbare Baustoffe - und B3 - leicht entflammbare Baustoffe -. The terms "lightweight component" and "component" refer to any type of molded product, for example a plate. A "lightweight component" differs from another component in particular by its relatively low bulk density (usually up to 350 kg / m 3 , according to DIN 1101 to at least 570 kg / m 3 ), due to a considerable volume of free space between the solid parts of the component. Wood wool lightweight boards have long been known under the trade name "HERAKLITH". The wood wool fibers usually have a length of more than 8 cm, a width of 1 to 6 mm and a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. The individual wood fibers are characterized by a considerable open porosity (so-called cells). The brittle wood wool fibers, which have an irregular geometry, are distributed irregularly within the lightweight construction element in the form of an open-pore, three-dimensional framework and are connected to one another at least in sections by a binder, for example a magnesite binder. DIN 4102 divides such components into A - non-combustible building materials - with subclasses A1 - substances that are not combustible at all, and A2 - substances that are only slightly combustible - but do not continue to fire. DIN 4102 is further subdivided into B - flammable materials - whereby this class is again divided into B1 - flame retardant building materials -, B2 - normally flammable building materials - and B3 - easily flammable building materials -.
Die vorstehend beschriebene bekannte Holzwolle-Leichtbauplatte ist in der Klasse B1 einzustufen.The known wood wool lightweight board described above is classified in class B1.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird das Ziel verfolgt, ausgehend von Holzwolle-Leichtbauelementen Holzwolle-Bauelemente zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einen erhöhten Brandschutz schaffen und in Klasse A2 gemäß DIN 4102/ISO 1198 eingeordnet werden können.The aim of the present invention is to based on wood wool lightweight construction elements wood wool construction elements to provide an elevated Create fire protection and in class A2 according to DIN 4102 / ISO 1198 can be classified.
Um die Brandschutzklasse A2 zu erreichen ist ein bestimmter Wert an Brandschutzmittel (Flammschutzmittel) notwendig. Dabei ist zu beachten, daß mit steigender Konzentration des Brandschutzmittels das Abbindeverhalten des zur Bindung der Holzwollefasern untereinander notwendigen Bindemittels gestört werden kann. Außerdem kann es zu einer Versprödung des Bauelementes und einer schlechten Griffigkeit desselben führen.To achieve fire protection class A2, a certain value of fire retardant (flame retardant) necessary. It should be noted that with increasing Concentration of the fire protection agent the setting behavior to bind the wood wool fibers together necessary binder can be disturbed. Moreover can lead to embrittlement of the component and poor grip.
Die Erfindung sieht demgegenüber ein mehrstufiges Verfahren vor, welches die genannten Nachteile vermeidet, ebenso wie Ammoniakausgasungen, die bei der Reaktion eines Imprägniermittels mit einem Bindemittel auf Basis Magnesiumhydroxid entstehen können.In contrast, the invention sees a multi-stage Process which avoids the disadvantages mentioned, just like ammonia outgassing that occurs during the reaction an impregnating agent with a binder based Magnesium hydroxide can arise.
In einem ersten Schritt nutzt die Erfindung die skizzierten Eigenschaften der rohen Holzwolle-Fasern, indem diese mit zumindest einem flüssigen Flammschutzmittel zumindest teilweise imprägniert werden. Imprägnieren bedeutet dabei, daß das flüssige Flammschutzmittel in die genannten Zellen (offenen Poren) und/oder oberflächliche Sackporen der Holzwollefasern gefüllt wird. Beispielsweise kann ein wässriges Flammschutzmittel verwendet werden. Nach dem Verdampfen des Wassers verbleibt das Brandschutzmittel in fester Form in den Hohlräumen der Holzfaserzellen.In a first step, the invention uses the outlined properties of raw wood wool fibers, by using at least one liquid Flame retardants are at least partially impregnated. Impregnation means that the liquid Flame retardant in the named cells (open pores) and / or superficial sack pores of the wood wool fibers is filled. For example, an aqueous Flame retardants are used. After evaporation the fire retardant remains in the water Form in the cavities of the wood fiber cells.
Beispielhaft kann das Flammschutzmittel aus Magnesiumsulfat, auch in Kombination mit Harnstoff, bestehen. Beide Stoffe lassen sich gut in Wasser lösen. Dabei ist eine gemeinsame Aufbereitung von Magnesiumsulfat und Harnstoff ebenso möglich wie eine fraktionierte, also zeitlich versetzte, Tränkung (Imprägnierung) mit Magnesiumsulfat und Harnstoff. Beispielsweise lassen sich Lösungen mit Harnstoff- und Magnesiumsulfat-Konzentrationen von jeweils 10 Gew.-% bis zur Löslichkeitsgrenze von circa 30 Gew.-% herstellen und verwenden. Im Fall der alleinigen oder aufeinanderfolgenden Verwendung von Harnstoff oder Magnesiumsulfat sind die Konzentrationen entsprechend höher und betragen für Harnstoff oder Magnesiumsulfat jeweils bis 60 Gew.-%. Der Vorteil der fraktionierten Tränkung liegt in der Möglichkeit, zumindest eine wässrige Lösung in höherer Konzentration bereitzustellen. Dabei ist es von Vorteil, bei der Verwendung von Magnesiumsulfat und Harnstoff beide Stoffe in etwa gleichen Massenanteilen (Konzentrationsmengen) zur Verfügung zu stellen, also beispielsweise, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile Flammschutzmittel, 40 bis 60 Gewichtsteile Magnesiumsulfat und 60 bis 40 Gewichtsteile Harnstoff, womit auch identische Anteile erfaßt werden.The flame retardant can be used as an example Magnesium sulfate, also in combination with urea, consist. Both substances can be easily dissolved in water. There is a joint preparation of Magnesium sulfate and urea as possible as one fractional, i.e. staggered, impregnation (Impregnation) with magnesium sulfate and urea. For example, solutions with urea and Magnesium sulfate concentrations of 10 wt .-% to to the solubility limit of approx. 30% by weight and use. In the case of sole or consecutive use of urea or Magnesium sulfate, the concentrations are corresponding higher and are for urea or magnesium sulfate each up to 60 wt .-%. The advantage of fractional Impregnation lies in the possibility of at least one provide aqueous solution in higher concentration. It is advantageous when using Magnesium sulfate and urea are both substances equal mass proportions (concentration amounts) for To make available, for example, related to 100 parts by weight of flame retardant, 40 to 60 Parts by weight of magnesium sulfate and 60 to 40 parts by weight Urea, which also identifies identical proportions.
Auf diese Weise können Auskristallisationen (Ausblühungen) von Harnstoffkristallen vermieden werden.In this way, crystallizations (Efflorescence) of urea crystals can be avoided.
Alternative Imprägnierungsmittel sind Kaliumhydrogencarbonat, Aluminiumhydroxid, Natriumhydrogencarbonat, Natriumcarbonat und Kaliumsulfat einzeln oder in Mischung, auch mit dem bereits genannten Harnstoff und/oder Magnesiumsulfat.Alternative impregnation agents are Potassium hydrogen carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, Sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium sulfate individually or in a mixture, including those already mentioned Urea and / or magnesium sulfate.
In einem zweiten Schritt werden die so imprägnierten Holzwollefasern des Leichtbauelementes zumindest teilweise mit einem anorganischen Bindemittel beschichtet. Beschichten bedeutet dabei, daß das Bindemittel insbesondere oberflächlich auf die Holzwollefasern aufgebracht wird, um so Kontakt-/Bindestellen zwischen den einzelnen Holzfasern zu erhalten, die das Formteil stabil machen. In a second step, the impregnated in this way Wood wool fibers of the lightweight element at least partly with an inorganic binder coated. Coating means that the Binder in particular on the surface Wood wool fiber is applied so Contact / binding points between the individual wood fibers to get that make the molding stable.
Dies kann nach einer Ausführungsform in Form eines trockenen Bindemittels, beispielsweise eines pulverförmig aufbereiteten Bindemittels, erfolgen. Vorteil dabei ist, daß kein zusätzliches Wasser benötigt wird. Das trockene Bindemittel setzt sich in Kontakt mit der noch feuchten Oberfläche der Holzwollefasern, die zuvor imprägniert wurden, zu einer Suspension um.According to one embodiment, this can take the form of a dry binder, for example a powder prepared binder. Advantage is that no additional water is needed. The dry one Binder gets in contact with the still moist Surface of the wood wool fibers, previously impregnated were made into a suspension.
Ein mögliches Bindemittel ist Magnesiumoxid, welches sich in Kontakt mit Wasser zu Magnesiumhydroxid umwandelt und im Kontaktbereich zu dem mindestens einen, bereits in oder auf der Holzfaser befindlichen Flammschutzmittel, beispielsweise Magnesiumsulfat, abbindet. Magnesiumsulfat erfüllt dabei die Rolle eines Reaktionspartners beim Abbinden des Magnesiumhydroxids. Eine andere Art der Bindemittelbeschichtung erfolgt durch Eintrag eines Bindemittelschaums in das Holzwollegerüst.A possible binder is magnesium oxide, which is in contact with water converts to magnesium hydroxide and in the contact area to the at least one already in or flame retardants on the wood fiber, for example, magnesium sulfate. magnesium sulfate fulfills the role of a reaction partner in Setting of the magnesium hydroxide. Another kind of Binder coating is done by entering a Binder foam in the wood wool frame.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform besteht das Bindemittel aus einer Mischung von Magnesiumoxid und Calciumhydroxid. Die Bedeutung des Calciumhydroxids wird anhand der dritten Verfahrensstufe näher erläutert.According to a further embodiment, there is Binder made from a mixture of magnesium oxide and Calcium hydroxide. The importance of calcium hydroxide will explained in more detail using the third process stage.
Nach der zuvor beschriebenen Inkrustierung der Holzwollefasern mit dem mindestens einen genannten Bindemittel (wobei bereits ein zumindest teilweises Abbinden des Bindemittels erfolgt sein kann) wird das bereits eine Grünfestigkeit besitzende Leichtbauelement mit flüssigem Wasserglas oder einem gleichwirkenden Mittel geflutet. Fluten bedeutet dabei, daß das Bauelement vollständig vom Wasserglas durchdrungen wird, damit das Wasserglas gleichmäßig verteilt über das Volumen des Leichtbauelementes präsent ist. Dazu kann Wasserglas "im Überschuß" aufgebracht werden, das heißt mehr Wasserglas zugeführt werden, als vom Produkt aktiv aufgenommen wird. Überschüssiges Wasserglas kann aufgefangen und rezirkuliert werden.After the previously described incrustation of the Wood wool fibers with the at least one mentioned Binder (already an at least partially Setting of the binder can be done) lightweight component already having green strength with liquid water glass or an equivalent Flooded medium. Flooding means that Component completely from the water glass is penetrated so that the water glass evenly distributed over the volume of the lightweight element is. For this, water glass can be applied "in excess" are, i.e. more water glass are fed than is actively absorbed by the product. excess Water glass can be collected and recirculated.
Aufgrund der lockeren Struktur des Leichtbauelementes, das heißt den zahlreichen größeren und kleineren Hohlräumen zwischen den Holzwollefasern, ist eine entsprechende statistische Verteilung des Wasserglases ohne weiteres möglich.Due to the loose structure of the lightweight element, that is, the numerous larger and smaller ones Cavities between the wood wool fibers is one corresponding statistical distribution of the water glass easily possible.
Wasserglas erfüllt dabei zwei Funktionen. Es führt zum einen, als eine Art zweites Bindemittel, zu einer Festigkeitserhöhung, und besitzt zum anderen ebenfalls feuerhemmende Eigenschaften, also eine Brandschutzwirkung.Water glass fulfills two functions. It leads to one, as a kind of second binder, to one Strength increase, and also has another fire retardant properties, so one Fire protection effect.
Gleichzeitig kommt es, sofern Calciumhydroxid als Bindemittel oder Bindemittelbestandteil verwendet wird, zu einer Abbindereaktion zwischen Wasserglas und Calciumhydroxid. Calciumhydroxid wirkt während des Flutens als Fällungsmittel beziehungsweise Reaktionspartner des Wasserglases. Da das Calciumhydroxid bereits mehr oder weniger gleichmäßig (statistisch) zumindest auf den Oberflächen der Holzwollefasern verteilt ist läuft auch die genannte Fällungsreaktion über das gesamte Volumen des Leichtbauelementes betrachtet gleichmäßig ab. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, daß, zum Beispiel durch Gravitationseinflüsse, auf der Unterseite des Leichtbauelementes ein Überschuß von Wasserglas herrscht, während auf der Oberseite ein Wasserglas-Mangel vermieden wird. Mit anderen Worten: Das gleichmäßig verteilte Calciumhydroxid sorgt dafür, daß Wasserglas an jeder Stelle in der zur Fällungsreaktion benötigten Menge absorbiert wird und sich das Wasserglas damit ebenfalls statistisch über das Volumen des Leichtbauelementes verteilt. Insgesamt trägt das Calciumhydroxid damit auch zu einer erhöhten Wasserglasaufnahme und damit insgesamt zu einem verbesserten Brandschutzverhalten bei.At the same time, if calcium hydroxide is considered Binder or binder ingredient is used, too a setting reaction between water glass and Calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide works during flooding as a precipitant or reactant of Water glass. Because the calcium hydroxide already more or less evenly (statistically) at least on the Surfaces of the wood wool fibers is also running the said precipitation reaction over the entire volume of the Lightweight component considered evenly. To this Way is avoided that, for example, by Gravitational influences, on the underside of the There is an excess of water glass, while a lack of water glass on the top avoided becomes. In other words: the evenly distributed Calcium hydroxide ensures that water glass on everyone Place in the amount required for the precipitation reaction is absorbed and so does the water glass statistically about the volume of the lightweight element distributed. All in all, the calcium hydroxide also helps to an increased water glass intake and thus overall to improved fire protection behavior.
Nach einer Ausführungsform wird das mindestens eine Flammschutzmittel in einer Menge von 20 bis 250 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der nicht imprägnierten Holzwollefasern, eingesetzt. Mengenanteile von 30 bis 100 Gew.-% sind oft ausreichend. Dabei können relativ hochprozentige Lösungen eingesetzt werden, zum Beispiel eine 30 bis 60 %-ige Harnstofflösung.In one embodiment, the at least one Flame retardants in an amount of 20 to 250 wt .-%, based on the weight of the non-impregnated Wood wool fibers used. Quantities from 30 to 100 % By weight is often sufficient. It can be relative high percentage solutions are used, for example a 30 to 60% urea solution.
Die Bindemittelmenge kann nach einer Ausführungsform 150 bis 300 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der nicht imprägnierten Holzwollefasern, betragen. Mengenanteile von 175 bis 260 Gew.-% sind oft ausreichend.The amount of binder may be 150 in one embodiment to 300 wt .-%, based on the weight of not impregnated wood wool fibers. Proportions of 175 to 260% by weight is often sufficient.
Der Wasserglasanteil wird sich, wie ausgeführt, unter anderem an der Menge des vorhandenen Calciumhydroxids orientieren und üblicherweise zwischen 10 und 200 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die nicht imprägnierten Holzwollefasern, liegen. Ein Verhältnis Wasserglas/rohe Holzwollefasern zwischen 0,2 und 1,8 genügt in der Regel und ist im übrigen von der Dichte des gefluteten Produkts abhängig. Je dichter das Produkt ist, umso mehr Wasserglas wird benötigt. Auf einen Kubikmeter Gesamtvolumen des Bauteils werden beispielsweise 20 bis 160 kg/m3 Wasserglas eingesetzt. Das Verhältnis Ca(OH)2 zur rohen Holzwolle liegt üblicherweise zwischen 0,05 und 1. Ein Verhältnis 0,3 und 0,6 genügt in der Regel.The water glass portion, as stated, will be based, among other things, on the amount of calcium hydroxide present and will usually be between 10 and 200% by weight, based on the non-impregnated wood wool fibers. A ratio of water glass / raw wood wool fibers between 0.2 and 1.8 is usually sufficient and is also dependent on the density of the flooded product. The denser the product, the more water glass is needed. For example, 20 to 160 kg / m 3 of water glass are used for one cubic meter of total volume of the component. The ratio Ca (OH) 2 to the raw wood wool is usually between 0.05 and 1. A ratio 0.3 and 0.6 is usually sufficient.
In der beiliegenden Figur ist ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Leichtbauelement in Form einer Holzwolle-Bauplatte ausschnittweise und stark schematisiert dargestellt. Es unterscheidet sich in seiner grundsätzlichen Struktur nicht von bekannten Holzwolle-Leichtbauplatten. Dies inbesondere deshalb, weil zum Beispiel das Flammschutzmittel makroskopisch unsichtbar in den Holzwollezellen eingelagert wird. Die Bauplatte besitzt eine Rohdichte von circa 500 kg/m3 und besteht aus Holzwollefasern mit einer Länge von 8 bis 15 cm, einer Breite von 3 bis 6 mm und einer Dicke von 0,2 bis 0,5 mm. In the accompanying figure, a lightweight structural element in the form of a wood wool building board produced by the method according to the invention is shown in sections and in a highly schematic manner. In its basic structure, it does not differ from known wood wool lightweight panels. This is particularly so because, for example, the flame retardant is macroscopically invisible in the wood wool cells. The building board has a bulk density of approximately 500 kg / m 3 and consists of wood wool fibers with a length of 8 to 15 cm, a width of 3 to 6 mm and a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
Der Volumenanteil an "Luft" zwischen den Holzwollefasern beträgt circa 80 % (innerhalb der Außenabmessungen der Platte). Die ursprünglich vorkonfektionierte Holzwolle-Leichtbauplatte aus rohen Holzwollefasern wurde mit einem Flammschutzmittel aus Magnesiumsulfat und Harnstoff imprägniert, anschließend mit einem pulverförmigen Bindemittel auf Basis Magnesiumoxid und Calciumhydroxid beschichtet und schließlich mit einem flüssigen Wasserglas geflutet sowie anschließend getrocknet.The volume fraction of "air" between the wood wool fibers is approximately 80% (within the external dimensions of the Plate). The originally prefabricated wood wool lightweight board from raw wood wool fibers with a Flame retardant made from magnesium sulfate and urea impregnated, then with a powder Binder based on magnesium oxide and calcium hydroxide coated and finally with a liquid water glass flooded and then dried.
Ein allgemein anwendbares Imprägnierungsverfahren dazu ist: Zunächst Imprägnierung der Holzwollefasern mit einer 30 bis 60 %-igen Harnstofflösung zur Erzielung eines Feststoffanteils an Harnstoff auf den Holzwollefasern zwischen 100 und 200 Gew.-%. Anschließendes "Spülen" (Imprägnieren) mit einer 25 %-igen Magnesiumsulfatlösung, wobei der Magnesiumsulfatanteil, bezogen auf die Holzwollefasern zwischen 10 und 40 Gew.-% beträgt.A generally applicable impregnation process for this is: First impregnation of the wood wool fibers with a 30 to 60% urea solution to achieve a Solids content of urea on the wood wool fibers between 100 and 200% by weight. Subsequent "rinsing" (Impregnation) with a 25% magnesium sulfate solution, where the magnesium sulfate content, based on the Wood wool fibers is between 10 and 40 wt .-%.
Mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 sind die einzelnen
Holzwollefasern gekennzeichnet, die bei 14 untereinander
verbunden sind. Jede Holzfaser besitzt eine Art
Zellenstruktur mit einem erheblichen Anteil an offener
Porosität. Einzelne dieser von außen zugänglichen Zellen
sind mit dem Bezugszeichen 12 symbolisiert.With the
Das Flammschutzmittel hat sich bei der
Imprägnierungsbehandlung demnach nicht nur auf den
Oberflächen der Holzwollefasern 10 abgelagert, sondern
auch auf den Wänden der oberflächlichen Sackporen sowie
der offenen Poren (Zellen) 12 im Inneren der
Holzwollefasern.The flame retardant has at the
Impregnation treatment not only on the
Surfaces of
Das Bindemittel sowie das Wasserglas liegen dagegen
überwiegend auf dem Oberflächenbereich der Holzwollefasern
10. Gleiches gilt für etwaige Reaktionsprodukte. Zum Teil
können aber auch oberflächennahe Porenbereiche Anteile an
Bindemittel, Wasserglas und/oder Reaktionsprodukten
aufweisen.The binder and the water glass are against it
predominantly on the surface area of the
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2001117942 DE10117942A1 (en) | 2001-04-10 | 2001-04-10 | Process for producing a component |
| DE10117942 | 2001-04-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1249547A2 true EP1249547A2 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
| EP1249547A3 EP1249547A3 (en) | 2003-08-20 |
Family
ID=7681135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02004086A Withdrawn EP1249547A3 (en) | 2001-04-10 | 2002-02-25 | Method for producing a building element for fire protection |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1249547A3 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1380170A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10117942A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004065317A2 (en) * | 2003-01-18 | 2004-08-05 | Heraklith Ag | Light-weight constructive element |
| EP2514731A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | Knauf Insulation | Wood wool lightweight construction element |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102390073A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-03-28 | 廖树汉 | Ceramic-fiber-like thermal insulation fireproof board without burning and smoke at thousand DEG C, produced by using cornstalk |
| CN102514339A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-06-27 | 廖树汉 | Fireproof plate with non-combustible in 1000 DEG C, smoke resistance and insulation like ceramic fiber produced by packing box paper |
| DK3362235T3 (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2021-08-30 | Ultracell Insulation Llc | CELLULOSE-BASED INSULATION AND MANUFACTURING METHODS |
| CN115142256B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-09-08 | 石家庄海关技术中心 | Flame-retardant cloth and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH150607A (en) * | 1929-09-25 | 1931-11-15 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Process for the preparation of aqueous salt solutions. |
| CH173003A (en) * | 1932-12-19 | 1934-11-15 | Alge Bruno | Process for the production of a lightweight construction material. |
| GB941133A (en) * | 1959-02-20 | 1963-11-06 | Philips Electrical Ind Ltd | Improvements in or relating to cutting heads for dry-shaving apparatus |
| DE3223246A1 (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1983-01-13 | Österreichische Heraklith AG, 9702 Ferndorf, Kärnten | Multi-layer insulating slab and process for manufacture thereof |
| DE3224125C1 (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1983-06-01 | Nukem Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Boards and precast parts for building materials based on cement |
-
2001
- 2001-04-10 DE DE2001117942 patent/DE10117942A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-02-25 EP EP02004086A patent/EP1249547A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-10 CN CN 02106060 patent/CN1380170A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH150607A (en) * | 1929-09-25 | 1931-11-15 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Process for the preparation of aqueous salt solutions. |
| CH173003A (en) * | 1932-12-19 | 1934-11-15 | Alge Bruno | Process for the production of a lightweight construction material. |
| GB941133A (en) * | 1959-02-20 | 1963-11-06 | Philips Electrical Ind Ltd | Improvements in or relating to cutting heads for dry-shaving apparatus |
| DE3223246A1 (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1983-01-13 | Österreichische Heraklith AG, 9702 Ferndorf, Kärnten | Multi-layer insulating slab and process for manufacture thereof |
| DE3224125C1 (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1983-06-01 | Nukem Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Boards and precast parts for building materials based on cement |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004065317A2 (en) * | 2003-01-18 | 2004-08-05 | Heraklith Ag | Light-weight constructive element |
| WO2004065317A3 (en) * | 2003-01-18 | 2005-02-24 | Heraklith Ag | Light-weight constructive element |
| EP2514731A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | Knauf Insulation | Wood wool lightweight construction element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1380170A (en) | 2002-11-20 |
| EP1249547A3 (en) | 2003-08-20 |
| DE10117942A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
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