EP1247105A1 - Sonde pour aeronef - Google Patents
Sonde pour aeronefInfo
- Publication number
- EP1247105A1 EP1247105A1 EP00993444A EP00993444A EP1247105A1 EP 1247105 A1 EP1247105 A1 EP 1247105A1 EP 00993444 A EP00993444 A EP 00993444A EP 00993444 A EP00993444 A EP 00993444A EP 1247105 A1 EP1247105 A1 EP 1247105A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aircraft
- measuring
- channel
- air flow
- pallet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
- G01K13/028—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow for use in total air temperature [TAT] probes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
- G01P13/025—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane indicating air data, i.e. flight variables of an aircraft, e.g. angle of attack, side slip, shear, yaw
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/14—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring differences of pressure in the fluid
- G01P5/16—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring differences of pressure in the fluid using Pitot tubes, e.g. Machmeter
- G01P5/165—Arrangements or constructions of Pitot tubes
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a probe for aircraft, making it possible in particular to measure the total temperature of the air flow surrounding the aircraft.
- Measuring the total temperature is useful for determining the actual speed of the aircraft.
- other sensors belonging to the aircraft make it possible to measure the total pressure Pt and the static pressure Ps of the aircraft.
- Knowledge of these two pressures Pt and Ps make it possible to determine the number of mach M of the aircraft by the following formula
- the number of mach M represents the ratio between the actual speed of the aircraft and the speed of sound Or the speed of sound Vs depends on the temperature Ts of the air surrounding the aircraft
- Vs VT r Ts (2)
- Ts is the static air temperature, expressed in degrees Kelvin
- the static temperature Ts is the air temperature at zero speed. This temperature is very difficult to measure on board an aircraft.
- a temperature sensor should be placed at the bottom of a hole substantially perpendicular to the skin of the aircraft in an area where the skin is substantially parallel to the flow d 'air This temperature sensor would be particularly disturbed by the temperature of the skin which could alter the static temperature measurement
- Tt (l + 0.2 M 2 ) Ts (3)
- Total temperature measurement probes are known which are fixed to the skin of the aircraft. These probes predict that part of the air flow surrounding the aircraft licks a temperature sensor. When the incidence of the aircraft relative to the surrounding air flow is modified, the part of the air flow licking the temperature sensor is disturbed, which alters the total temperature measurement Tt. This becomes all the more important since it is when the aircraft has a significant incidence that one needs to know its speed with precision.
- the object of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the total temperature measurement Tt in particular when the incidence of the aircraft with respect to the surrounding air flow is high.
- the invention relates to an aircraft probe, characterized in that it comprises a movable pallet intended to orient itself in the axis of an air flow surrounding the movable pallet and fixed to the mobile pallet, means for measuring the total temperature of the air flow.
- FIG. 1 shows a probe comprising:
- the probe represented in FIG. 1 comprises a movable pallet 1 rotating around an axis 2.
- the pallet 1 comprises a wing 3 having a plane of symmetry, parallel to the plane of the figure and separating the lower surface from the upper surface.
- the profile of the wing 3 perpendicular to its leading edge 4 is for example of the OOZT type of the N.A.C.A.
- the leading edge 4 is substantially rectilinear and inclined relative to the axis 2. It is understood that other shapes of wings can be used to implement the invention.
- the pallet 1 also comprises a shaft 5 with an axis 2 which penetrates inside the skin 6 of an aircraft.
- the shaft 5 is movable in rotation relative to the aircraft for example by means of a rolling bearing 7.
- the pallet 1 Due to the shape of the wing 3, the pallet 1 is naturally oriented in the axis of the air flow surrounding the movable pallet 1.
- the axis of the flow is materialized by the arrow 8 represented on the figure 1.
- the movable pallet 1 further comprises means for measuring the total temperature of the air flow.
- these means comprise two channels including a first channel 10 comprising an inlet orifice 11 substantially facing the air flow of axis 8 when the movable pallet 1 is oriented in the axis 8 of the flow of air.
- the first channel 10 also includes an outlet orifice 12 allowing air in the first channel 10 to escape in the direction of the axis 8. Particles liable to circulate in the first channel 10 ' escape without coming in contact with a temperature sensor whose position will be described later. These particles are for example formed by drops of water or dust.
- the second channel 13 comprising means for measuring the total temperature of the air flow has an inlet orifice 14 opening into the first channel 10.
- the second channel 13 is for example substantially perpendicular to the first channel 10.
- a part of the air circulating in the first channel 10 enters the second channel 13 through the inlet port 14 and escapes from the second channel 13 through an outlet port 15 opening towards the outside towards the rear of the movable pallet 1.
- the means for measuring the total temperature of the air flow further comprise a temperature sensor 16 situated inside the second channel 13.
- the temperature sensor 16 comprises for example a wire base of wound platinum forming an electrical resistance whose value is variable depending on its temperature.
- the temperature sensor 16 is fixed in the second channel 13 so as to avoid as much as possible any heat transfer between the structure of the second channel 13 and the temperature sensor 16.
- the two channels 10 and 13 are arranged so that air from the axis flow 8 flows in the second channel 13 at low speed. This speed must be much lower than the speed of sound in the flow while being non-zero in order to prevent the temperature sensor 16 from taking the temperature of the structure of the movable pallet 1 and in particular the temperature of the structure of the two channels 10 and 13.
- the temperature of the air flow can be well below zero degrees Celsius, which gives rise to a risk of frost forming on the movable pallet 1.
- the frost can in particular obstruct these channels 10 and 13 and therefore prevent any correct temperature measurement.
- the movable pallet 1 includes defrosting means comprising for example an electric heating resistor arranged in the structure of the pallet. These defrosting means heat the movable pallet 1 and consequently the air which circulates in the two channels 10 and 13.
- defrosting means heat the movable pallet 1 and consequently the air which circulates in the two channels 10 and 13.
- orifices 17 are provided for evacuating the boundary layer of the air circulating in the two channels 10 and 13.
- the probe further comprises means for measuring the total pressure and the static pressure of the air flow as well as the incidence of the aircraft.
- the means for measuring the total pressure * comprise for example a total pressure tap Pt comprising a third channel 20 opening, like the first channel 10, through an orifice 21 substantially facing the air flow of axis 8
- This third channel 20 is better known as the Pitot tube.
- the means for measuring the static pressure Ps comprise for example two static pressure taps 22 and 23, each located on one of the faces of the movable pallet 1. In FIG. 1 only the pressure tap 22 is visible.
- the pressure tap 23 is placed on the invisible face of the movable pallet 1, in a manner substantially symmetrical to the pressure tap 22 with respect to the plane of symmetry of the wing 3. This plane of symmetry is parallel to the plane of the figure 1.
- Each pressure tap 22 and 23 may have several orifices, three are shown in FIG. 1, in particular in order to limit the section of each orifice so as to less disturb the air flow surrounding the movable pallet 1 or even to be able to carry out the pressure measurement even if one of the orifices were to be blocked.
- the two static pressure taps 22 and 23 are in communication with a chamber located inside the pallet in order to average the pressure between the two taps 22 and 23.
- the means for measuring the incidence of the aircraft comprise for example two incidence pressure taps 24 and 25 situated, as for the static pressure taps 22 and 23, on one of the faces of the pallet also in a substantially symmetrical manner by relative to the plane of symmetry of the wing 3.
- the incidence pressure taps 24 and 25 are not in communication and it is the difference between the pressures prevailing at each tap 24 and 25 which makes it possible to determine the exact incidence of the movable pallet 1 and therefore that of the aircraft
- the pressure tappings 24 and 25 can be placed in the immediate vicinity of the leading edge 4 of the pallet mobile 1.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9915998A FR2802647B1 (fr) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Sonde pour aeronef |
FR9915998 | 1999-12-17 | ||
PCT/FR2000/003489 WO2001044821A1 (fr) | 1999-12-17 | 2000-12-12 | Sonde pour aeronef |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1247105A1 true EP1247105A1 (fr) | 2002-10-09 |
Family
ID=9553425
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00993444A Withdrawn EP1247105A1 (fr) | 1999-12-17 | 2000-12-12 | Sonde pour aeronef |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6817240B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1247105A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2855201A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR0016310A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2394239A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2802647B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001044821A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (50)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6185258B1 (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2001-02-06 | At&T Wireless Services Inc. | Transmitter diversity technique for wireless communications |
FR2817044B1 (fr) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-02-14 | Thomson Csf | Procede de determination de parametres aerodynamiques et procede de detection de panne d'une sonde utilisee pour determiner les parametres aerodynamiques |
US6609825B2 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-08-26 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe providing improved anti-icing performance and reduced deicing heater error |
FR2833347B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-11 | 2004-02-27 | Thales Sa | Sonde multifonction pour aeronef |
FR2833709B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-14 | 2004-04-02 | Thales Sa | Sonde multifonction a fleche variable |
FR2840985B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-09-10 | Thales Sa | Sonde de temperature totale et procede de determination de temperature au moyen d'une telle sonde |
FR2840984B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-14 | 2005-03-18 | Auxitrol Sa | Perfectionnements aux capteurs pour la mesure d'au moins un parametre physique sur un flux de fluide et notamment perfectionnements aux capteurs degivres de temperature totale d'air |
US6941805B2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-09-13 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Multi-function air data sensing probe having an angle of attack vane |
FR2859787B1 (fr) * | 2003-09-16 | 2006-01-20 | Thales Sa | Dispositif et procede de determination de la temperature totale pour aeronef |
US7056013B2 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2006-06-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Sensor arrangement having an air inflow pattern for preventing direct debris impact |
US7031871B2 (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2006-04-18 | Rosemount Aerospace, Inc. | Sensor assembly for determining total temperature, static temperature and Mach number |
US7156552B2 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2007-01-02 | University Corporation For Atmospheric Research | Temperature sensor system for mobile platforms |
US7363809B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2008-04-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods and systems for providing air data parameters using mass flow and pressure sensors |
USD548634S1 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2007-08-14 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe |
US7357572B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2008-04-15 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe having improved deicing heater error performance |
USD545227S1 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2007-06-26 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe |
US7389686B2 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2008-06-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods and systems for determining air data parameters |
EP1887334A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-13 | SpectraSensors, Inc. | Capteur thermique mobile |
WO2008033870A2 (fr) | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-20 | Lumexis Corporation | Système de distribution par fibres de type fibre jusqu'au siège |
US7828477B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2010-11-09 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Aspirated enhanced total air temperature probe |
FR2924498B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-12-11 | Thales Sa | Girouette de mesure de l'orientation du vent a rechauffeur integre |
FR2940455B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-02-25 | Thales Sa | Sonde de mesure aerodynamique et helicoptere equipe de la sonde |
US8659990B2 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2014-02-25 | Lumexis Corporation | Serial networking fiber-to-the-seat inflight entertainment system |
WO2011020071A1 (fr) | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-17 | Lumexis Corp. | Dispositif de connexion d'unité d'affichage vidéo pour un système fibre à l'écran de divertissement à bord |
US8416698B2 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2013-04-09 | Lumexis Corporation | Serial networking fiber optic inflight entertainment system network configuration |
US8392141B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2013-03-05 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe and method for reducing de-icing/anti-icing heater error |
US8060334B1 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-11-15 | Philip Onni Jarvinen | Aircraft pitot-static tube with ice detection |
CN102094711A (zh) * | 2011-01-04 | 2011-06-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 航空发动机进口气流总压总温的测量装置 |
CN102288785A (zh) * | 2011-07-08 | 2011-12-21 | 中国航空动力机械研究所 | 测试流场方向的受感器 |
FR2983964B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-09 | 2014-01-10 | Thales Sa | Sonde de mesure de pression totale d'un ecoulement et procede de mise en oeuvre de la sonde |
FR2991047B1 (fr) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-05-16 | Thales Sa | Sonde de mesure de pression totale d'un ecoulement |
US8875568B2 (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2014-11-04 | Argen Aviation, Inc. | Relative wind display and landing aid |
US8857255B2 (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-10-14 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Moisture resistant air data probes |
US9829395B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2017-11-28 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Air temperature sensor arrangement for a vehicle and method of measuring air temperature |
FR3008073B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-08-07 | Thales Sa | Aeronef comprenant une sonde de mesure et procede de determination de parametres de vol d un tel aeronef |
US9366555B2 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-06-14 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Air data system |
US9429482B2 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-08-30 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe with low frontal projected area |
US9541429B2 (en) | 2014-06-02 | 2017-01-10 | University Of Kansas | Systems, methods, and devices for fluid data sensing |
US10585109B2 (en) | 2014-06-02 | 2020-03-10 | University Of Kansas | Systems, methods, and devices for fluid data sensing |
US20160238456A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Air temperature sensor and fabrication |
GB2541356A (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2017-02-22 | Meggitt (Uk) Ltd | Moving-vane angle of attack probe |
FR3039515B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-09-01 | Thales Sa | Rechauffage pour equipement aeronautique |
FR3039512B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-12-22 | Thales Sa | Rechauffage d'un premier equipement aeronautique d'aeronef |
US10203253B2 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2019-02-12 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe with efficient particle pass through |
WO2017162862A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | Auxitrol S.A. | Utilisation de texturation laser pour amélioration de performance de sondes d'aéronef |
CN106918410B (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-11-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种总温叶型探针 |
US10422702B2 (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2019-09-24 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe with reduced icing sensor flow passage geometry |
US10852203B2 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2020-12-01 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Total air temperature probe with concave flow path transitions to outlet |
US11021259B1 (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-06-01 | Philip Onni Jarvinen | Aircraft exhaust mitigation system and process |
CN113188593A (zh) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-30 | 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 | 一种管路总温总压同步测量装置 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4121088A (en) * | 1976-10-18 | 1978-10-17 | Rosemount Inc. | Electrically heated air data sensing device |
FR2569848B1 (fr) * | 1984-09-03 | 1986-09-05 | Crouzet Badin Sa | Sonde de pression multifonction pur aeronef |
FR2584822B1 (fr) | 1985-07-09 | 1988-06-17 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif de mesure du rapport de deux capacites de faibles valeurs |
FR2634885B1 (fr) | 1988-07-26 | 1990-10-05 | Thomson Csf | Capteur capacitif d'angle de torsion et appareil de mesure de couple muni d'un tel capteur |
FR2645259B1 (fr) | 1989-04-04 | 1994-02-11 | Thomson Csf | Capteur capacitif de deplacements et capteur d'angle de torsion comportant au moins un tel capteur capacitif |
US5025661A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-06-25 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Combination air data probe |
US5115996A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1992-05-26 | Moller International, Inc. | Vtol aircraft |
FR2665539B1 (fr) * | 1990-08-03 | 1992-11-27 | Sextant Avionique | Sonde d'aeronef pour la mesure des parametres aerodynamiques de l'ecoulement ambiant. |
FR2694634B1 (fr) | 1992-08-04 | 1994-09-30 | Sextant Avionique | Sonde d'incidence. |
US5731507A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1998-03-24 | Rosemount Aerospace, Inc. | Integral airfoil total temperature sensor |
FR2768122B1 (fr) | 1997-09-09 | 1999-11-19 | Sextant Avionique | Dispositif optique de detection de conditions givrantes sur aeronef |
FR2793022B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-30 | 2001-07-13 | Sextant Avionique | Sonde multifonctions fixe pour aeronef |
-
1999
- 1999-12-17 FR FR9915998A patent/FR2802647B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-12-12 AU AU28552/01A patent/AU2855201A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-12 BR BR0016310-4A patent/BR0016310A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-12-12 CA CA002394239A patent/CA2394239A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-12 EP EP00993444A patent/EP1247105A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-12 WO PCT/FR2000/003489 patent/WO2001044821A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2000-12-12 US US10/148,875 patent/US6817240B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0144821A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2802647B1 (fr) | 2002-03-01 |
FR2802647A1 (fr) | 2001-06-22 |
CA2394239A1 (fr) | 2001-06-21 |
US20030051546A1 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
BR0016310A (pt) | 2002-08-27 |
WO2001044821A1 (fr) | 2001-06-21 |
AU2855201A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
US6817240B2 (en) | 2004-11-16 |
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