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EP1207241B1 - Wandelement - Google Patents

Wandelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1207241B1
EP1207241B1 EP01402904A EP01402904A EP1207241B1 EP 1207241 B1 EP1207241 B1 EP 1207241B1 EP 01402904 A EP01402904 A EP 01402904A EP 01402904 A EP01402904 A EP 01402904A EP 1207241 B1 EP1207241 B1 EP 1207241B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating layer
roofing element
element according
structural box
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01402904A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1207241A1 (de
Inventor
Yves Brugeaud
Ramez Kamel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brugeaud Yves
Conseil Services Investissements
Original Assignee
Conseil Services Investissements
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conseil Services Investissements filed Critical Conseil Services Investissements
Publication of EP1207241A1 publication Critical patent/EP1207241A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1207241B1 publication Critical patent/EP1207241B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E04C2/2885—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material with the insulating material being completely surrounded by, or embedded in, a stone-like material, e.g. the insulating material being discontinuous

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wall element and more particularly to a cover element that can be used in particular in the roofs of non-residential buildings such as industrial buildings or collective buildings.
  • the roof of such buildings generally comprises a frame of metal, concrete or wood, on which are fixed cover elements.
  • roofing elements formed of ribbed metal plates fixed on failures extending between beams of the frame are known. These metal plates are covered with insulation and bituminous sealing layers. Such covering elements require a complex framework and implement multiple components whose assembly is carried out on the site. The realization of such roofs is therefore relatively long and expensive and is also dangerous given the number of operations that must be performed in height.
  • the bituminous layers require relatively frequent maintenance and maintenance operations and have a lifespan of not more than fifteen years.
  • the bituminous layers tend to facilitate the spread of fires.
  • roofs of this type are usually covered with a layer of several centimeters of gravel limiting the spread of flames to the top of the roof.
  • this complicates the realization of the roof and weighs it down significantly.
  • cover elements formed of corrugated metal sheets flanking an insulating layer. Such cover elements are achievable in relatively long length so that it is possible to mount these directly between the beams of the frame without resorting to breakdowns. However, these cover elements generally have significant thicknesses, of the order of two meters for the longest staves. The use of such cover elements therefore causes either a significant increase in the external height of the building, or a significant decrease in the inner height thereof.
  • a cover member according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in US-A-4232494.
  • the cover element can be used for large spans, of the order of 12 to 20 meters, while having a relatively small thickness, of the order of 40 centimeters.
  • the mass of such elements is also relatively small.
  • the cover elements thus formed also have a long life equivalent to that of the concrete structure of the building they equip.
  • the cover element can easily be machined to allow its adjustment to a support structure such as a frame and / or to the surrounding cover elements.
  • the frame box comprises two plates which extend on either side of the insulating layer and are joined by side walls.
  • the plates have internal ribbed surfaces and / or the frame box is internally partitioned.
  • This structure has a particularly high mechanical strength.
  • the concrete of the framework box comprises a matrix of cement and reinforcing fillers such as metal fibers, synthetic fibers or organic fibers.
  • the insulating layer is a lightweight concrete advantageously comprising a cement matrix and polystyrene beads.
  • an insulating layer having a density of the order of 200 to 400 kg / m 3 and a compressive strength at 28 days of the order of 1 to 2 megapascals.
  • the insulating layer is easily machinable, which facilitates the manufacture of the wall element particularly when the frame box is ribbed internally and the insulating layer is used as insert in the formwork in which is poured the concrete forming the box .
  • this type of material is substantially incombustible or non-flammable.
  • the wall element which will now be described is intended to be fixed to a frame to form a covering element.
  • This wall element can also be used in combination with a support structure to form a cladding.
  • the covering element according to the invention comprises a frame box generally designated 1 and an insulating layer 2 extending inside the frame box 1.
  • the frame box 1 comprises two plates 3, 4 which extend on either side of the insulating layer 2 and are joined by side walls 5, 6.
  • the ends 1 'of the box are closed by internal transverse partitions 14 which isolate the interior of the frame box 1 and the insulating layer 2 from the outside and in particular the fire in case of fire or water.
  • the internal transverse partitions 14 also mechanically reinforce the frame box 1.
  • the frame box 1 is made of a material comprising a cement matrix in which are dispersed metal fibers, synthetic fibers or organic fibers.
  • This material is made from granules having a small particle size, preferably less than 0.3 mm, and water. In a manner known per se, it is possible to add additives to obtain a determined plasticity with the minimum of mixing water.
  • the composition of the material is determined so that the material has good resistance to the freeze-thaw cycle (no deterioration of its properties after 300 cycles), a low capillary porosity advantageously less than 10 ⁇ m (or less than 1%), a overall porosity low advantageously between 2% and 6% and a shrinkage after treatment less than 10 -5 . The combination of these characteristics gives the material a longer service life than conventional concretes and an intrinsic impermeability in the absence of cracks.
  • the concrete constituting the frame box, and more particularly at the level of the plate intended to be oriented towards the interior of the building, may comprise plastic fibers so that, in the event of an increase in temperature, the fusion of the fibers plastics allows at least partial release of internal stresses.
  • the outer surface of the plates 3, 4 and more particularly that which is intended to be oriented towards the interior of the building may be covered in whole or part of a layer of intumescent paint.
  • the inner surface of the plates 3, 4 and more particularly that of the plate 4 intended to be inside the building is preferably covered wholly or partly with a layer of plaster, in particular in case of fire, to slow down the diffusion of heat towards the interior of the box.
  • the insulating layer 2 is preferably made of a light insulating concrete which is advantageously composed of a cement matrix in which polystyrene beads are dispersed. During the manufacture of this concrete, it is possible to add cement, polystyrene beads and mixing water, especially lime. hydraulic, an adjuvant of animal protein type and / or a calcareous load.
  • the insulating layer 2 can be made from blocks of polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam or even from any other insulating material of low density.
  • the plate referenced 4 is that which is intended to be on the inside of the building.
  • the plates 3, 4 have smooth internal surfaces.
  • longitudinal ribs 7 and transverse ribs 8 extend on the internal surfaces of the plates 3, 4. These ribs exert a stiffening function of the frame box 1.
  • the frame box 1 comprises a prestressed longitudinal portion extending in the part of the side walls 5, 6 adjacent to the plate 4, that is to say in the part thereof which most often extends under the line of null stress.
  • the prestress is ensured by means of adhering cables 9 embedded in the concrete to exert a compression force on this part of each side wall 5, 6.
  • the insulating layer 2, not shown here, has grooves which receive the longitudinal and transverse ribs 7, 8.
  • longitudinal ribs 7 and transverse ribs 8 extend on the internal surface of the plate 3 and the inner surface of the plate 4 is smooth.
  • two internal longitudinal partitions 10, 11 extend in the frame box 1 between the plates 3 and 4 parallel to the side walls 5, 6.
  • Prestressing elements 9 here extend longitudinally in the portions of the side walls 5, 6 and internal partitions 10, 11 adjacent to the plate 4.
  • the ends 1 'of the box 1 comprise several internal transverse walls 14 parallel to each other closing the ends 1'. This allows, during a cutting of the cover element to reduce its length, to retain at least one transverse partition 14 after cutting to protect and isolate the interior of the frame box 1 and the insulating layer 2 of the outside and for example flames in case of fire or water.
  • the internal transverse walls also contribute to the mechanical reinforcement of the frame box 1.
  • the frame box is partitioned internally by partitions 10, 11, 12, 13 extending longitudinally between the plates 3 and 4 parallel to the side walls 5, 6.
  • Prestressing elements 9 extend in the portions of the side walls 5, 6 and internal partitions 10, 11, 12, 13 adjacent to the plate 4.
  • the wall element can be easily machined (eg cut) to pass in particular vertical ducts or ducts or allow adjustments to other elements.
  • the manufacture of the wall element according to the invention starts with the production of the insulating layer 2 by pouring light concrete into a form whose dimensions correspond to those of the interior space of the frame box 1.
  • the insulating layer 2 is deposited on the plate 4 and the assembly is covered with concrete to form the side walls 5, 6 and the plate 3.
  • the insulating layer 2 has grooves, it is necessary that the concrete penetrates these grooves so that they form a mold cavity of the ribs. It is the same when the insulating layer has grooves.
  • the lightweight insulating concrete used for the layer insulation is considered non-combustible or non-flammable and its thermal insulation properties slow down the diffusion of heat thus limiting the temperature increase at the top plate and also the side walls and internal partitions. With this type of wall elements, it is possible to have a fire stability of the order of 60 minutes minimum. The fire behavior of such a roofing element is therefore particularly interesting.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to have good adhesion between the concrete forming the frame box and that forming the insulating layer. In case of cracking of the wall element, this adhesion tends to maintain the cracked parts with the rest of the wall element.
  • the deterioration of the plate 4 does not substantially cause the appearance of instability of shape at the rest of the wall element.
  • the configuration of the internal ribs and / or internal partitions of the frame box and the arrangement and / or the number of the prestressing elements can be modified in particular according to the forces that will have to support the wall element and the application direction of these, the mechanical properties of the insulating layer and the mechanical properties of the concretes used without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Abdeckelement, umfassend einen Skelettkasten (1) aus Beton und eine Isolierschicht (2), die sich in dem Skelettkasten (1) erstreckt, wobei der Skelettkasten (1) zwei Platten (3, 4), die sich zu beiden Seiten der Isolierschicht (2) erstrecken und durch Seitenwände (5, 6) miteinander verbunden sind, und einen vorgespannten Längsabschnitt umfasst, der sich in den Seitenwänden (5, 6) erstreckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der besagte vorgespannte Längsabschnitt nur unter der Nullspannungslinie erstreckt, wobei die Vorspannung durch Spannkabel (9) sichergestellt ist, und dass der Skelettkasten (1) in einem Material gefertigt ist, das eine Zementmatrix umfasst, in der metallische Fasern, synthetische Fasern oder organische Fasern verteilt sind, wobei das Material aus Granulat kleiner Korngröße, vorzugsweise kleiner als 0,3 mm, und aus Wasser gefertigt wird, wobei die Materialzusammensetzung so bestimmt wird, dass das Material gegenüber dem Frost-Tau-Zyklus eine gute Beständigkeit, die ausreicht, damit nach 300 Zyklen keine Verschlechterung seiner Eigenschaften auftreten, eine geringe Kapillarporosität, die vorteilhafterweise kleiner als 10 µm oder kleiner als 1 % ist, eine geringe Gesamtporosität, die vorteilhafterweise zwischen 2 % und 6 % liegt, und eine Schwindung nach dem Aushärten aufweist, die kleiner als 10-5 ist.
  2. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der Platten (3, 4) Innenflächen mit Rippen hat.
  3. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Skelettkasten (1) innen unterteilt ist.
  4. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seitenwände (5, 6) und die Innentrennwände (10, 11) im Bereich der Enden (1') des Skelettkastens (1) eine größere Dicke aufweisen.
  5. Abdeckelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierschicht (2) aus Leichtbeton ist.
  6. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leichtbeton derart ausgebildet ist, dass man eine Isolierschicht erhält, die eine Volumenmasse etwa von 200 bis 400 kg/m3 und nach 28 Tagen eine Druckfestigkeit von etwa 1 bis 2 Megapascal hat.
  7. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leichtbeton der Isolierschicht (2) eine Zementmatrix und Polystyrol-Kugeln umfasst.
  8. Abdeckelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierschicht (2) aus einem Isoliermaterial, wie z. B. Polystyrol oder Polyurethan, ist.
  9. Abdeckelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kasten (1) Enden (1') hat, die von mindestens zwei Innenquerwänden (14) geschlossen sind.
  10. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der den Skelettkasten bildende Beton Kunstfasern derart umfasst, dass bei einem Temperaturanstieg das Schmelzen der Kunstfasern eine mindestens teilweise Freisetzung der internen Spannungen ermöglicht.
  11. Abdeckelement nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Kunstfasern insbesondere im Bereich der Platte erstrecken, die zum Inneren des Gebäudes zu richten ist.
EP01402904A 2000-11-17 2001-11-13 Wandelement Expired - Lifetime EP1207241B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0014852A FR2816972B1 (fr) 2000-11-17 2000-11-17 Element de paroi
FR0014852 2000-11-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1207241A1 EP1207241A1 (de) 2002-05-22
EP1207241B1 true EP1207241B1 (de) 2007-03-07

Family

ID=8856587

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01402904A Expired - Lifetime EP1207241B1 (de) 2000-11-17 2001-11-13 Wandelement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1207241B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE356260T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60127075T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2282217T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2816972B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202018105997U1 (de) * 2018-10-19 2020-01-21 Rehau Ag + Co Leichtbau-Wandmodul

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232494A (en) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-11 Tamil D. Bauch Composite construction panel
DE4112785A1 (de) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-22 Hubert Hasenfratz Verbundplatte
WO1997019031A1 (de) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Alpha Brevet S.A. Dämmstoff zur schall- und/oder wärmedämmung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2166574A5 (de) * 1971-12-30 1973-08-17 Zucco Noel
FI792073A (fi) * 1978-07-17 1980-01-18 Ametex Ltd Foerfarande och anordning foer framstaellning av byggnadsmoduler
KR20010042467A (ko) * 1998-04-07 2001-05-25 필립 부트 홀딩즈 피티와이. 리미티드 미리 성형된 콘크리트 벽 시스템

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232494A (en) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-11 Tamil D. Bauch Composite construction panel
DE4112785A1 (de) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-22 Hubert Hasenfratz Verbundplatte
WO1997019031A1 (de) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Alpha Brevet S.A. Dämmstoff zur schall- und/oder wärmedämmung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EIBL J.: "Beton-Kalender, 1997: Teil I", 1997, ERNST & SOHN, BERLIN *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2282217T3 (es) 2007-10-16
DE60127075D1 (de) 2007-04-19
EP1207241A1 (de) 2002-05-22
ATE356260T1 (de) 2007-03-15
FR2816972B1 (fr) 2003-07-25
DE60127075T2 (de) 2007-11-15
FR2816972A1 (fr) 2002-05-24

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