EP1183194A2 - Product dispensing device comprising a reservoir housed in a casing - Google Patents

Abstract

A fluid product dispensing device comprising a reservoir (B), a pump (P) including two pump elements adapted to slide relative to each other in a longitudinal direction and an outer casing (R) provided with a nozzle (10) dispensing the product and an actuator for expelling a dose of product through the nozzle each time an action is exerted by the user of the actuator which comprises a pressing element (7, 8) accessible from outside the casing (R) and a force returning member, the pressing member being mobile substantially transversely to press on the force returning member between two longitudinal end parts, the transformation by the force returning member of the thrust force (F) exerted by the user into a longitudinal sliding force (F2) increasing while the thrust is being exerted.

Description

 DEVICE FOR DISPENSING A PRODUCT INCLUDING A TANK HOUSED IN A HOUSING

The present invention relates to a device for dispensing a fluid, gaseous, liquid or pasty product, of the type comprising a reservoir containing several doses of product, on the neck of which is fixed a pump provided with a hollow control rod sliding in a pump body in a so-called longitudinal direction, and a housing in which is housed said reservoir, said housing being provided with a product distribution nozzle connected by a connection means to said hollow control rod and a means of actuation of the pump to expel a dose of product by the dispensing nozzle at each action exerted by a user on said actuating means.

In product spraying devices, for example vaporizers, a precompression stroke or a precompression effect is generally provided, when the pump is actuated, in order to release the product with an ejection force sufficient to ensure a spraying of the product at the spray nozzle. The purpose of this precompression stroke of the pump is to force the user to exert a significant force on the actuation button with his finger or his hand during this precompression stroke. Thus, the user's finger or hand is driven by its momentum until the button is fully depressed, because beyond the precompression stroke, the product can be ejected by the pump and therefore the button less resistant to sinking. It is possible to expel the entire dose of product at high speed, when the force exerted by the user exceeds the precompression value, which can be, for example, of the order of 25 N.

When it is desired, for reasons of space or ergonomics or the like, that the movement of the actuating member takes place in a direction different from that of the stroke of the control rod of the pump, a double inclined ramp system can be provided between them, a first ramp cooperating with the actuating means, a second ramp being linked to the control rod of the pump, so that the sliding of the two ramps against each other the other causes the control rod to slide in the pump body. However, in such a system, the friction between the two ramps is high enough, so that after the travel of precompression, the user's finger is not sufficiently driven by its momentum to press fully on the actuating means, but is braked by the resistive force of friction between the ramps. There is therefore no tilting effect after the precompression stroke, which causes the expulsion of the complete dose of product at a speed sufficient to ensure its spraying. To reduce this friction, it is possible to provide ramps with a slight slope, but in this case the actuation stroke is too great. If you choose ramps with a steeper slope, the actuation stroke is reduced, but in this case the friction is very high.

Document US Pat. No. 4,315,582 describes a pump system, in a variant of which the pump is triggered by a trigger mechanism comprising a pivoting trigger and a Y-element. This system has a complex external shape with movable projecting parts accessible from outside, which increases the risk of inadvertent disassembly and affects its ergonomics. In addition, it does not relate to dispensing devices comprising a housing in which is housed a reservoir provided with a pump.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a product distribution device comprising a reservoir provided with a pump and a housing in which said reservoir is housed, which makes it possible to eject the product at a sufficient speed, and the position of the dispensing nozzle is independent of the position of the pump actuating means. To this end, the subject of the invention is a device for dispensing a fluid, gaseous, liquid or pasty product, comprising a reservoir containing several doses of product, a pump comprising two pump elements, namely a hollow rod and a pump body fixed to said reservoir, said two elements being able to slide relative to each other in a so-called longitudinal direction to pump said product, and an external housing provided with a product distribution nozzle connected by a means of connection to said hollow rod and of a means of actuation of the pump for expelling a dose of product by the dispensing nozzle at each action exerted by the user on said actuation means, said actuation means comprising a support member accessible from the outside of the housing and a return member force, said force return member having two longitudinal end portions, one of which is said to be movable, is capable of bearing on one of said two pump elements to make it slide longitudinally and the other of which said to be fixed, is locked in translation relative to said external housing in the aforementioned longitudinal direction, said support member being movable substantially transversely to press on said force return member between said two longitudinal end parts, so as to be able to deforming said force return member between a rest position, in which at least one intermediate portion of said return member has a non-zero curvature, and an active position, in which the curvature of said intermediate portion is reduced, to increase the longitudinal extension of said force deflection member causing said hollow rod to slide towards the inside of said pump body , characterized in that said reservoir is housed at least partially in said housing, said force return member being arranged so that the transformation by said force return member of the pushing force exerted by the user on said support member in a longitudinal sliding force exerted on said first pump element increases during the pushing, which ensures that said longitudinal sliding force ejects the dose of product at a sufficient speed to ensure spraying by said nozzle.

In addition, in the above-mentioned prior system, the forces to which the Y-element is subjected are significant because of the acute angle between its two members at the start of the stroke, so that the stabilization of the Y-element and the fatigue at the junction of the limbs are problematic.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, said force return member comprises two toggle arms articulated directly or indirectly relative to one another at said intermediate portion, the free ends of the two arms opposite to said articulation respectively forming said longitudinal end portions of said force return member, said two arms together forming an obtuse angle in said rest position and remaining misaligned in said active position, without passing through an aligned position of the two arms. Advantageously, the two toggle arms are articulated by means of a central part guided in translation transversely in said housing.

Advantageously, the support member is integral with the articulation between the two aforementioned arms.

Advantageously, the support member is capable of coming to bear on said force return member on either side of said toggle joint on reinforcing ribs carried by the two toggle arms. Preferably, the free end of the toggle arm which forms said fixed end of the force return member is articulated on a fixed point of the housing.

As a variant, the free end of the toggle arm which forms said fixed end of the force return member is able to move in translation in a substantially transverse direction of the housing, the corresponding toggle arm being able to serve as a member. support.

Advantageously, said force return member comprises two additional arms articulated respectively to each of said toggle arms at the free ends of the latter, said additional arms being hinged together at their respective ends opposite to said toggle arms to form a quadrilateral. Speak clearly.

Preferably, the articulation of said additional arms of the quadrilateral is retained transversely in sliding contact against a substantially longitudinal guide rib of said device in order to be able to slide against said guide rib when actuating said pump.

Advantageously, that of said additional arms which is articulated at said fixed end of the force return member is in abutment against an oblique abutment rib of said device in said rest position.

Preferably, said guide rib and said abutment rib are formed contiguous on an internal face of said housing. According to another characteristic of the invention, said force return member comprises an elastically cylindrical sleeve deformable arranged with its axis in a substantially transverse direction and substantially perpendicular to the direction of the support force of said support member, said sleeve having at said rest position a substantially elliptical section whose major axis coincides with the direction of of said support force and the minor axis with said longitudinal direction, the ends of said minor axis respectively forming said longitudinal end portions of said force return member, said sleeve being deformed during the thrust exerted by the user on said support member so that its major axis is shortened while its minor axis is elongated.

Preferably, the parts of said sleeve at the ends of said major axis are respectively in sliding contact against a longitudinal wall of said support member and against a substantially longitudinal guide rib of said housing. Advantageously, said fixed end part of the force return member is offset from the axis of said hollow rod.

Advantageously, said first pump element is said hollow rod, said movable end part of the force return member is articulated on a nozzle fixedly mounted on the free end of the hollow rod to press on said hollow rod, said nozzle carrying the aforementioned connecting means.

Preferably, the aforementioned connecting means is a flexible tube or a deformable bellows or one or more parts that are movable relative to the housing. According to yet another characteristic of the invention, said first pump element is said pump body and said movable end part of the force return member is supported on a substantially transverse wall carried by said pump body , said pump body and said reservoir being movable in said longitudinal direction relative to said housing.

Preferably, said hollow rod extends on the other side of said transverse wall with respect to said force return member, the free end of said hollow rod being fixedly mounted in a wall of the housing carrying said nozzle, said means connecting being a channel formed through said housing wall. Advantageously, the dispensing nozzle is fixedly carried by the housing.

Preferably, the abovementioned support member comprises a flexible membrane, fixedly mounted in the wall of the housing. Advantageously, said housing constitutes an outer covering completely containing said tank. The entire device can then be designed in a simple shape and of quite small size, for example of flat parallelepiped shape, to be easily stored in the pocket of a garment. Said reservoir may advantageously be formed of a flexible plastic film pocket.

Preferably, said force return member is contained in said outer casing. The toggle joint (s) can be formed by film hinges.

The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the detailed explanatory description which will follow of several embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration. and not limiting, with reference to the attached schematic drawing. In this drawing: - Figure 1 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention, in the rest position;

- Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, but in the active position, at the end of the actuation stroke of the pump; - Figure 3 is a perspective view of a mounting part intended to be inserted into the container of Figure 1, said mounting part being in its molded position;

- Figure 4 is a perspective view similar to Figure 3, but showing said mounting part in a folded service position;

- Figure 5 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, in its rest position;

- Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, but in the active position, at the end of the actuation stroke of the pump; - Figure 7 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, in the rest position;

- Figure 8 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a fourth embodiment of the device of the invention, in the rest position;

- Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8, but in the active position, at the end of the pump actuation stroke, the spray nozzle being integral in translation with the pump control rod;

- Figure 10 is a vector diagram showing the actuating forces for sliding of the pump control rod with a device according to the invention;

- Figure 11 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a fifth embodiment of the device of the invention, in the rest position;

- Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 11, but in the active position, at the end of the actuation stroke of the pump;

- Figure 13 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a sixth embodiment of the device of the invention, in the rest position;

- Figure 14 is a view similar to Figure 13, but in the active position, at the end of the actuation stroke of the pump;

- Figure 15 is a longitudinal sectional view along line XV-XV of Figure 16 of a sixth embodiment of the device of the invention, in the rest position;

- Figure 16 is a longitudinal sectional view along line XVI-XVI of Figure 15 of the device of Figure 15 in the rest position; - Figure 17 is a longitudinal sectional view along the line

XVII-XVII of Figure 18 of a sixth embodiment of the device of the invention, in the active position, at the end of the actuation stroke of the pump;

- Figure 18 is a longitudinal sectional view along the line XVIII-XVIII of Figure 17 of the device of Figure 17 in the active position, at the end of the actuation stroke of the pump; - Figure 19 is a partial perspective view of the mounting part of Figure 3 in another alternative embodiment;

FIG. 20 is a partial perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the toggle joint of FIG. 4 corresponding to the mounting part of FIG. 19.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, there is shown a bottle B intended to contain several doses of product, the neck 1 of which is provided with a pump P. The pump P comprises a pump body 2 integral with a ring 3 which is crimped onto the neck 1 of the bottle B, a hollow control rod 4 which is able to slide in the pump body 2, to eject a dose of product. The pump P is connected to a dip tube 5 which extends to the bottom of the bottle B (see Figures 5 and 6).

The bottle B is housed (at least partially) in a larger container or case R, for example made of plastic, which constitutes an external covering for the bottle. For example, the container R can be made of transparent plastic, with a layer of metallic varnish on the interior surface of the container, to mask the interior of the container R. Advantageously, the container R consists of two half-shells in plastic which are welded to each other.

In the variant of FIGS. 1 and 2, the side wall of the container R has an opening 6 through which a rubber membrane 7 is forcibly clipped on. The rubber membrane 7 has a relatively thick cylindrical wall 7a, which is intended for s fitting onto a shoulder of the abovementioned opening 6 of the wall of the container R, and a portion substantially in the form of a flexible disc 7b of small thickness extending inside said thick cylindrical wall 7a, said membrane 7 comprising, in its center, a thicker portion 7c providing a housing for receiving and retaining the head of a plastic pusher 8 substantially in the form of a mushroom.

At its top, the container R comprises a housing in which is mounted a nozzle 9 capable of receiving a spray nozzle or a nozzle 10 known per se. A locking ring 11 is mounted around the end piece 9 in the thickness of the top wall of the container R in order to lock the end piece 9 on the wall of the container. The upper end piece 9 is extended inside the container R by an end piece off-center cylindrical 9a which is capable of receiving the upper end of a flexible tube 12, the lower end of the latter being fitted into a lower end piece 13, which is extended by another coaxial end piece 13a which is mounted on the upper end of smaller diameter 4a of the aforementioned control rod 4.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, foam 14 is interposed between the bottle B and the inner wall of the container R, to wedge the bottle.

As best seen in Figures 3 and 4, the upper end pieces 9 and 9a are carried by a substantially horizontal tab 15a which is an integral part of a support member 15. The support member 15 consists of a vertical flat plate 16 with raised side edges 17, the flat plate 16 being intended to bear against an inner side wall of the container R. The aforementioned upper tab 15a is connected, on either side of the aforementioned ends 9 and 9a, to a first arm 18 in the form of a U or fork, by means of two film hinges 18a. The opposite end of the first arm 18 is connected by an articulation 19 to a second arm 20, also substantially U-shaped. The assembly of the two arms 18 and 20 and of the articulation 19 constitutes a toggle angle gear . The overall shape of the toggle joint is in H, articulated on the horizontal bar of the H. The two branches of the second fork arm 20 are connected by a film hinge 20a to a plate 21 which bears on either side of its plane the aforementioned lower ends 13 and 13a. The plate 21 also includes two lateral tabs 21a which are intended to engage in a groove 17a formed in the aforementioned raised edges 17 of the support member 15. The grooves 17a serve to guide the sliding of the control rod 4.

Each arm 18, 20 has lateral reinforcing ribs 18b, 20b and a transverse reinforcing rib 18c, 20c, in the vicinity of the articulation 19.

The second arm 20 may also include a flexible tongue 22 which is able to come into abutment against the bottom of the plate 16, in the mounting position, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, to serve as an elastic return from the toggle joint its rest position. Advantageously, the support member 15 is in one piece with the end pieces 9, 9a, the toggle joint 18 to 20, the plate 21 and the end pieces 13 and 13a, as well as, if necessary, the elastic tongue or tongues 22. In the position illustrated in Figure 3, the assembly of the aforementioned support member 15 is shown in its position, as obtained at the mold outlet. The entire support member therefore comes from molding. It can be seen, in FIG. 3, that the direction of demolding is substantially vertical, and that the arms 18 and 20 forming the toggle joint are in a position aligned with both the plate 21 and the tab 15a. In a variant shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, on the one hand the support member 15 with the plate 16, the raised edges 17 and the end pieces 9 and 9a and, on the other hand, the toggle joint 18 to 20, the plate 21 and the end pieces 13 and 13a, as well as, where appropriate, the elastic tongue or tongues 22, form two separate sets obtained separately by molding. In this case, the first arm 18 comprises at each fork end 18a a cylinder 59 arranged transversely to form a pivot axis of the arm 18 in place of the film hinges. The tab 15a of the support member 15 is in this case replaced by an upper wall 31 which completely closes the support member 15 from one edge 17 to the other, this upper wall always carrying the ends 9 and 9a aligned and, on its underside, on each side of the end piece 9a, in each case two longitudinal legs 33 between which the wall 31 has a transverse groove 60, the legs 33 and the groove 60 forming a substantially semi-cylindrical bearing in which each axis pivot 59 of arm 18 engages to form a pivot connection.

We will now briefly describe the operation of the device according to the invention with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 10.

In the rest position illustrated in FIG. 1, the control rod 4 of the pump P is in the projecting upward position and the toggle joint has an opening angle θl between the arms 18 and 20, for example of the order 115 ° in FIG. 10. In this position, the pusher 8 bears on the transverse ribs 18c and 20c of the two arms 18 and 20, on either side of the articulation 19, without however coming into contact with said joint. If a leaf spring 22 is provided, it is slightly bent with its free end pressing against the bottom of the plate 16, as shown in FIG. 1. The flexible tube 12 has a substantially V-shaped bent shape inside the container R.

When a user exerts a pressing force F on the central portion 7c of the membrane 7, in line with the pusher 8, the membrane 7 deforms towards the interior of the container, to take a substantially concave shape, with the concavity turned outwards, thanks to its wavy shape in its rest state, as visible in FIG. 2. The pusher 8 then takes support on the ribs 18c and 20c above to push back the arms 18 and 20. However, like the end upper 18a of the first arm 18 is fixed relative to the container R, it is the lower end 20a of the second arm 20 which moves downwards, pushing the control rod 4 inside the pump body to expel a dose of product to the spray nozzle 10, the spray of sprayed product being shown at J. The flexible tube 12 deforms to take a more elongated position. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the two arms 18 and 20 assume a more aligned relative position than in the case of FIG. 1, without however being completely aligned, in order to prevent the two arms 18 and 20 from tilting with each other. side of their unstable alignment position. It will also be noted that the upper end 18a of the first arm 18 is not aligned with the axis of the control rod 4, although this is conceivable. In the end position for ejecting the product, shown in FIG. 2, the two arms 18 and 20 together form an angle Θ2 of the order of 145 ° in FIG. 10. By way of example, the pusher 8 has moved a distance dl of the order of 4 mm in a transverse direction to bring the joint 19 between its two positions illustrated in FIG. 10, and the lower end 20a of the second arm 20 has moved over a height d2 of the order of 4 mm. There is therefore indeed a force feedback system in which a transverse support force F is transformed into a longitudinal or vertical displacement force F2.

In Figure 10, there is shown in a vector diagram the balance of forces on the actuator. F denotes the transverse bearing force exerted by the user and transmitted by the pusher substantially at the level of the joint 19. The force F3 is the reaction of the support member 15 on the free end 18a of the first arm 18 , at the pivot link. The force F2 exerted on the control rod 4 by the free end 20a of the second arm 20 is the longitudinal result which causes the sliding of the control rod 4 in the pump body 2, against the pressure and other forces which resist it. F can, for example, have an intensity on the order of 35.7 N, F3 an intensity on the order of 21.6 N and F2 an intensity on the order of 25 N. Point 18a can be offset by about 4 mm from the longitudinal axis A of the control rod.

Since the toggle opens during the transverse stroke of the pusher, the transformation of the pushing force F exerted by the user into a longitudinal sliding force F2 exerted on the control rod increases during the pushing. Indeed, the lever arm of the pushing force F relative to the pivot axis of the second arm 20 at its end 20a increases during the stroke of the joint 19, represented by the arc of a circle C, while that the lever arm relative to the articulation 19 of the forces which resist the sliding of the rod 4 decreases. Thus, for resistance forces of constant intensity, the thrust F necessary to overcome said resistance forces, and therefore cause the actuation of the pump P, decreases. This increasing transmission effect combines with the precompression effect of the pump to result in a resistance force opposed to the user push which decreases during the push stroke.

Once the initial resistance force has been overcome, the movement of the user therefore tends to continue by training while causing an acceleration of the pusher, which makes it possible to ensure an ejection pressure of the dose of product sufficient to cause a spraying or atomization of the jet J satisfactory by the spray nozzle 10.

When the user releases the pressure exerted on the pusher 8, the spring integrated into the pump can automatically push the toggle back to its rest position; however one can also provide one or more flexible strips 22 to contribute to the return of the toggle to its rest position.

The vertical sliding of the plate 21 is guided by the tabs 21a which slide in the grooves 17a of the flanges 17 of the support member 15. In the variant illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the same reference numbers are used to designate identical parts, while similar elements are represented by reference numbers increased by a hundred. In this variant, the aforementioned support member is omitted, the upper end pieces 109, 109a being carried by a plate 115 fixed directly on the upper wall of the container R, and the lower end pieces 113 and 113a being carried directly by the control rod 4 of the pump P. The toggle joint consists here of an upper arm 118 articulated at 118a on an upper washer 115a fixed under the aforementioned plate 115, of a lower arm 120 articulated at 120a on a lower plate 121, the two arms 118 and 120 being articulated on a central piece 1 19 which serves both as a push button. The ends 113 and 113a protrude on either side of the plate 121. This central part 119 is in contact with a membrane 107 having a substantially spherical cap shape which is inserted through the opening 6 in the wall of the container. A. This membrane 107 has a peripherally projecting collar at its base 107a while its spherical central portion projects towards the outside of the container. Advantageously, the central part 119 is guided in a transverse direction (by means not shown), to prevent said part 119 from rocking around one of its hinges connecting with the arms 118 and 120. In fact, if the user exerts a force F, as shown in FIG. 6, on the membrane 107, which leads to giving it a substantially concave shape when pressed in, the part 119 moves transversely so as to open the angle formed by the toggle joint, without as far as said part rocks up or down, which would otherwise not allow a vertical sliding movement to be transmitted to the control rod 4. For the rest, the operation of the variant illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 is similar to that of the first variant.

A third variant is illustrated in FIG. 7, in which the elements identical to those of the first variant bear the same reference numbers, while similar elements bear the reference numbers increased by two hundred. In FIG. 7, the aforementioned flexible tube is replaced by an elongated bellows 212, the upper end of which is fitted into an upper end piece 209a and the lower end of which is directly fitted onto the free end 4a of the control tube 4 of the pump P. The upper end piece 209a is carried by a plate 215, of which protrudes from the other side the end piece 209 intended to receive the nozzle 10. Under the plate 215 is mounted a washer 215a which is extended by a hinge -film 218a of the first arm 218 of the kneepad. The other end of the first arm 218 is connected by the articulation 219 to the second arm 220, the lower end of which is connected by a film hinge 220a to a plate 221 which is mounted around the lower end of the bellows 212. The above-mentioned joint 219 is extended by a pusher 208 which can be directly accessible outside the container (not shown in FIG. 7). The operation of this variant remains similar to that of the two aforementioned variants.

Figures 8 and 9 show a fourth variant, in which the spray nozzle 10 is carried by a hollow movable connecting piece 312 of elongated shape which is carried directly at its lower end by the control rod 4 of the pump P. This moving part 312 has an axial passage 313 which opens at its lower end on the hollow control rod 4 and at its upper end on the spray nozzle 10 which is positioned here perpendicularly to the axis of the container R. This part 312 is suitable to slide vertically with respect to a guide sleeve 309 which extends towards the inside of the container R from its top. Consequently, in this variant, the outlet nozzle 10 for the product is movable relative to the container R, while in the other variants it was fixed relative to the container. Furthermore, in this variant, an elastomer sleeve is provided around the entire periphery of the side wall of the container R, so that it can be compressed by tightening said sleeve in one hand. In fact, in this variant, the elastomer sleeve is connected at its lower end directly in a groove la on the top of the bottle B and at its upper end on the upper wall of the container R using a semi-circular ring toric 306. Inside the container R, it is say in the space defined between the top of the bottle B and the upper wall of the container R, a plurality of substantially vertical segments 308 are provided, regularly distributed over the entire periphery of the container, and in contact with the internal face of the elastomer sleeve 307. The segments 308 are able to move radially towards the axis of the device. These segments serve as a support member. Each segment 308 is extended by an upper arm 318 which slides in a transverse and radial direction relative to the axis of the device. This first arm 318 is connected by a hinge 319 to a second lower arm 320 which is connected by a film hinge 320a to the aforementioned part 312. The assembly of arm 318, of articulation 319 and of second arm 320 forms a toggle joint, within the meaning of the invention.

In this variant, the part 312, the toggle joint and the pusher 308 form a single part coming from molding. We will now describe a fifth embodiment of the invention with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. Elements similar or identical to those of the first embodiment bear the same reference number increased by 400.

In this variant, the housing R is formed of a container 448 in which is housed the bottle B and of a cover 440 fixed on the container 448 to close its longitudinal end face in the extension of the pump rod 404. The cover 440 has a substantially flat upper wall 458 and an annular sleeve 454 engaged longitudinally in the container 448 to wedge the cover 440 transversely. In line with the nozzle 410, the sleeve 454 has a longitudinal notch 457 to allow the passage of the cover 440 around said nozzle 410 during assembly. A fixing lug for the nozzle 410 is engaged in a transverse groove 455 at the bottom of the notch 457 to immobilize the nozzle 410 transversely relative to the housing R.

The push button 408 is guided in translation transversely in an opening 423 of the side wall of the container 448 and an opening 456 of the sleeve 454 aligned with the latter. It has a bearing surface 424 substantially aligned with said side wall in the rest position and pressed into said housing R in the active position. The button 408 has an elastic tongue 425 deformable between a substantially rectilinear state in the rest position and bent against a lug 453 of the cover 440 in the active position of the pusher 408, to exert a restoring force on the latter towards its rest position. In the rest position, a lug 426 of the button 408 is in abutment against the sleeve 454 of the cover 440.

The longitudinal face 408a opposite the bearing face 424 is in sliding contact against the articulation 419 of at least one, preferably two, toggle joint (s) each formed by an articulated quadrilateral composed of four arms 418 , 420, 427 and 428. While the two arms 418 and 420 correspond to those of the first embodiment, the two arms 427 and 428 are arranged substantially symmetrically to them with respect to the longitudinal sliding axis A of the pump rod 404. The articulation 429 opposite the articulation 419 is in sliding contact against a longitudinal rib 430 of the cover 440. The articulation 418a between the arms 418 and 428 is in sliding contact with a transverse rib 432. At the rest position, the arm 428 abuts along an oblique rib 437. The ribs 430, 437 and 432 are formed contiguous on the inside of the sleeve 454. The nozzle 413 fitted on the pump rod 404 has a shoulder on which leans ie a washer 434 on the transverse surface of which the articulation 420a rests opposite to the articulation 418a. The upper end of the end piece 413 opens transversely into the deformable bellows 412 connecting the end piece 413 to the nozzle 410. During a transverse thrust on the push button 408, the articulation 429 being blocked transversely against the rib 430 , the transverse extension of the articulated quadrilateral decreases while its longitudinal extension increases. The articulation 418a being blocked by the rib 432, it is the articulation 420a which moves longitudinally causing, by means of the washer 434 and the end piece 413, the actuation of the pump rod 404. During this movement, the joint 429 slides against the rib 430, the joint 418a against the rib 432, the joint 420a against the washer 434 and the joint 419 against the surface 408a of the pusher 408. In the position of end of the latter, the joint

419 abuts against a setback 435 of the surface 408a and the articulation 420a against a recess 436 on the washer 434. The mechanical advantages of the articulated quadrilateral are identical to those of the toggle joint of the first embodiment. This articulated quadrilateral also has greater resistance to fatigue due to a better distribution of forces.

The sixth embodiment illustrated in Figures 13 and 14 differs from the previous only by the use of a deformable sleeve in place of each articulated quadrilateral. Elements analogous or identical to those of the first embodiment now bear the same reference number increased by 500.

The substantially cylindrical sleeve 538 is arranged with its axis in a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of pushing of the button 508. It has a substantially elliptical section whose major axis coincides with the direction of movement of the pusher 508 and the minor axis with the longitudinal direction of sliding of the pump rod 504. During the pushing of the button 508 from its rest position to its active position, the parts of the sleeve 538 located at the ends 519 and 529 of said major axis are brought together transversely between the surface 508a and the rib 530. The sleeve 538 of substantially constant perimeter then deforms by spacing of the ends 518a and 520a of said minor axis, which causes the spacing of the washer 534 relative to the rib 532 and the sliding of the rod pump 504 in course 502. The washer 534 here has a central depression 539 intended to stabilize r transversely the sleeve 538. The mechanical advantages of the actuating member formed of the sleeve 538 are analogous in terms of transmission and transmission of forces to those of the toggle joint of the first embodiment. Preferably, a similar sleeve is arranged on each side of the pump rod 504. We will now describe a seventh embodiment of the invention with reference to Figures 11 and 12. Elements similar or identical to those of the first embodiment achievement carry the same reference figure increased by 600.

In this variant, the housing R has a shape substantially of square section paver, two diagonally opposite corners 647 of which are cut substantially perpendicular to said diagonal and of which the thickness is substantially equal to a quarter of the length. The housing R comprises a container 648 having at mid-thickness an outer peripheral groove 641 substantially in a semicircle and closed on its upper face by a cover 640. The deformable membrane 607 is formed by a substantially central thinned part of the cover 640 and has in its rest position, visible in FIG. 16, a convexity turned towards the outside of the housing R. It carries on its internal face the thicker portion 607c in sliding contact with the articulation 619 of at least one, preferably two, kneepad (s) formed each of the two arms 618 and 620.

The nozzle 610 is mounted substantially at mid-thickness in a side wall 649 of the container 648 on the inner face of which is directly engaged the pump control rod 604. A channel 612 through the wall 649 connects the rod 604 to the nozzle 610. The wall 649 has at the level of the channel 612 a portion 646 projecting towards the inside of the housing R. In this embodiment, the bottle is replaced by a tank B with rigid wall 644 completely included in the housing R and movable longitudinally in the latter under the action of the toggle 618 to 620. The reservoir B has substantially a capital E shape with a base 650 from which extend two longitudinal wings 651 and a central neck 601 forming the neck longitudinally. of the reservoir in which the pump body 602 is fixedly mounted.

The neck 601 is closed at its end by a transverse plate 643 traversed by the pump body 602 and having two end parts projecting transversely on each side of the neck 601 towards the lateral wings 651. The plate 643 fixed to the reservoir B serves bearing surface to each toggle arm 620 whose free end 620a is engaged in a notch 645 of the plate 643 to form a pivot connection with the latter. The other arm 618 of each toggle has its free end 618a blocked in translation longitudinally by a lug 642 formed at the bottom of the container 648. When the toggle is opened by a transverse thrust exerted on the membrane 607, it is the whole of the reservoir B and the pump body 602 which slides longitudinally towards the nozzle 610 around the pump rod 604, thus causing the expulsion of a dose of product. To slide around the lugs 642, the base 650 of the reservoir B has two longitudinal grooves 652. During this sliding, the articulation 619 slides longitudinally over the thick portion 607c of the membrane 607. The mechanical advantages of the two knee pads of this embodiment are analogous to those of the first embodiment.

The seventh embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 18 presents with respect to the sixth embodiment a different design of the reservoir B. Elements similar or identical to those of the first embodiment bear the same reference number increased by 700.

In this variant, the reservoir B is formed of a pocket, the wall 744 of which is made of flexible plastic film. The tank B has a substantially U shape with a base 750 and two lateral wings 751. The pump body 702 is fixed directly in the middle of the base 750 between the two wings 751 and carries the plate 743. Two grooves 752 under the base 750 allow it to slide longitudinally around the pins 742 of the housing R. As can be seen in FIG. 18, the membrane 707 has, in the active position, a convexity facing the interior of the housing R. Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited to it and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Device for dispensing a fluid, gaseous, liquid or pasty product, comprising a reservoir (B) containing several doses of product, a pump (P) comprising two pump elements, namely a hollow rod (4, 404 , 504, 604, 704) and a pump body (2, 402, 502, 602, 702) fixed on said reservoir (B), said two elements being capable of sliding relative to one another in one direction so-called longitudinal (A) for pumping said product, and an external box (R) provided with a nozzle (10, 410, 610) for dispensing the product connected by a connecting means (12, 212, 312, 412, 612) to said hollow rod and a means for actuating the pump for expelling a dose of product by the dispensing nozzle at each action exerted by the user on said actuating means, said actuating means comprising a member '' support (7, 8, 107, 208, 307, 308, 408, 508, 607, 707) accessible from outside the housing (R) and a return member force, said force return member having two longitudinal end parts, one of which (20a, 120a, 220a, 320a, 420a, 520a, 620a), called movable, is able to bear on a first of said two pump elements to make it slide longitudinally and the other (18a, 118a, 218a, 318, 418a, 518a, 618a), said to be fixed, is locked in translation relative to said external casing (R) in the longitudinal direction aforementioned, said support member being movable substantially transversely to press said force return member between said two longitudinal end portions, so as to be able to deform said force return member between a rest position, in which at least one intermediate portion (19, 119, 219, 319, 419, 519, 619) of said deflection member has a non-zero curvature, and an active position, in which the curvature of said intermediate portion is reduced, to increase the longi extension tudinal of said force return member by causing mutual sliding of said pump elements, characterized in that said reservoir (B) is housed at least partially in said housing (R), said force return member being arranged so that the transformation by said force return member of the pushing force (F) exerted by the user on said support member into a longitudinal sliding force (F2) exerted on said first pump element increases with during the push, which ensures that said longitudinal sliding force (F2) produces an ejection of the dose of product at a speed sufficient to ensure spraying by said nozzle. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said force return member comprises two toggle arms (18.20; 118.120; 218.220; 318.320; 1418.420; 618.620) articulated directly or indirectly with respect to each other at the level of said intermediate portion, the free ends of the two arms opposite to said articulation respectively forming said parts longitudinal end of said force return member, said two arms together forming an obtuse angle (θl) in said rest position and remaining misaligned in said active position, without passing through an aligned position of the two arms. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the two toggle arms (118, 120) are articulated by means of a central part (119) guided in translation transversely in said housing (R). 4. Device according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the support member (208) is integral with the joint (219) between the two aforementioned arms (218, 220). 5. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the support member (8) is capable of coming to bear on said force return member on either side of said toggle joint ( 19), on reinforcing ribs (18c, 20c) carried by the two toggle arms (18, 20). 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the free end of the toggle arm which forms said fixed end (18a, 118a, 218a) of the force return member is articulated on a fixed point on the housing (R). 7. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the free end of the toggle arm which forms said fixed end (318, 418a) of the force return member is able to move in translation in a substantially transverse direction of the housing (R), the corresponding toggle arm (318) being able to serve as a support member (308). 8. Device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that said force return member comprises two additional arms (427, 428) articulated respectively to each of said toggle arms (418, 420) at the free ends (418a, 420a) of the latter, said additional arms being hinged together at their respective ends opposite to said toggle arms to form an articulated quadrilateral. 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the articulation (429) of said additional arms (427, 428) of the quadrilateral is retained transversely in sliding contact against a guide rib (430) substantially longitudinal of said device to be able to slide against said guide rib (430) upon actuation of said pump (P). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that that of said additional arms (428) which is articulated at said fixed end (418a) of the force return member is in abutment against an oblique abutment rib (437 ) from said device to said rest position. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that said guide rib (430) and said abutment rib (437) are formed contiguous on an internal face of said housing (R). 12. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said force return member comprises a cylindrical sleeve (538) elastically deformable arranged with its axis in a direction substantially transverse and substantially perpendicular to the direction of the effort of support of said support member (508), said sleeve (538) having in said rest position a substantially elliptical section whose major axis coincides with the direction of said support force (F) and the minor axis with said longitudinal direction (A), the ends of said minor axis respectively forming said longitudinal end portions (518a, 520a) of said force return member, said sleeve (538) being deformed during the push (F) exerted by the user on said support member so that its major axis is shortened while its minor axis is elongated. 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the parts (519, 529) of said sleeve (538) at the ends of said major axis are respectively in sliding contact against a longitudinal wall (508a) of said support member (508) and against a substantially longitudinal guide rib (530) of said housing (R). 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the said fixed end part (18a) of the force return member is offset from the axis of the said hollow rod (4 ). 15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said first pump element is said hollow rod (4), said movable end part (200, 120a, 220a, 320a) of the member of force return is articulated on a nozzle (21, 121, 221, 321) fixedly mounted on the free end of the hollow rod (4) to press on said hollow rod, said nozzle carrying the aforementioned connecting means (12 , 212, 312). 16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the aforementioned connecting means is a flexible tube (12) or a deformable bellows (212, 412) or one or more moving parts (312) relative to the housing (R). 17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said first pump element is said pump body (602, 702), said movable end part (620a) of the return member d 'force being supported on a substantially transverse wall (643, 743) carried by said pump body (602, 702), said pump body and said reservoir (B) being movable in said longitudinal direction (A) relative to said housing (R). 18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that said hollow rod (604) extends on the other side of said transverse wall (643) relative to said force return member (618-620), l the free end of said hollow rod being fixedly mounted in a wall (649) of the housing (R) carrying said nozzle (610), said connecting means being a channel (612) formed through said housing wall. 19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the dispensing nozzle (10, 410, 610) is fixedly carried by the housing (R). 20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the aforementioned support member comprises a flexible membrane (7, 107, 307, 607, 707) fixedly mounted in the wall of the housing (R). 21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that said housing (R) constitutes an external covering completely containing said tank (B). 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that said reservoir (B) is formed by a pocket of flexible plastic film (744). 23. Device according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that said force return member is contained in said outer housing (R).