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EP1157752A2 - Tool with ultrasound adaptor - Google Patents

Tool with ultrasound adaptor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1157752A2
EP1157752A2 EP01810469A EP01810469A EP1157752A2 EP 1157752 A2 EP1157752 A2 EP 1157752A2 EP 01810469 A EP01810469 A EP 01810469A EP 01810469 A EP01810469 A EP 01810469A EP 1157752 A2 EP1157752 A2 EP 1157752A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
transformer
tool device
electroacoustic transducer
assigned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01810469A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1157752A3 (en
EP1157752B1 (en
Inventor
Adrian Kauf
Walter Littmann
Stefan Tichy
Jörg WALLASCHEK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1157752A2 publication Critical patent/EP1157752A2/en
Publication of EP1157752A3 publication Critical patent/EP1157752A3/en
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Publication of EP1157752B1 publication Critical patent/EP1157752B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/04—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs
    • B28D1/041—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs with cylinder saws, e.g. trepanning; saw cylinders, e.g. having their cutting rim equipped with abrasive particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool device, for example a core drilling device or a grinding device, with an ultrasonic adapter for e.g. abrasive or machining of Solids, such as building materials such as stone, metal or wood.
  • a tool device for example a core drilling device or a grinding device
  • an ultrasonic adapter for e.g. abrasive or machining of Solids, such as building materials such as stone, metal or wood.
  • the abrasive sawing processing of rock via an at least partially rotating, with Cylindrical drill bit with hard materials on its end face is, for example, from EP0280835 previously known.
  • Such drill bits usually use water as the rinsing and cooling liquid.
  • the ultrasonic vibrations are generated by capacitive electro-acoustic Transducers formed in the ultrasonic frequency range.
  • the electrostatic converter can, for example be constructed from pre-stressed piezo disks.
  • Capacitive electroacoustic transducers in the ultrasonic frequency range consist of an electrostrictive material as the dielectric of a capacitor, which changes its dimension under an applied electrical voltage.
  • Such a trained capacitor has a due to its mechanical properties Self-response on.
  • Capacitive electroacoustic transducers require sufficient to generate Deformations a high voltage.
  • a hand tool device has a rotating cylindrical, abrasive material-removing tool on the one made of electrostrictive material capacitive electroacoustic transducers axially superimposed on a longitudinal ultrasound field is.
  • the drill bit is in accordance with the amplitude resonance to the frequency of the ultrasound field designed.
  • an ultrasonic adapter for a rotating tool driving, drilling machine a rotating, made of electrostrictive material, capacitive electro-acoustic transducer based on slip rings with an ultrasonic frequency AC voltage is connected.
  • a disadvantage of such an energy supply is the wear caused by the mechanical contact, which increases the service life limited.
  • ring-shaped rotatable rotary transmitters or Transformers with circular U-cores for stator and rotor which via assigned coils electrical energy via an alternating magnetic field transferred from the stator to the rotor.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the above disadvantages in the implementation of a Tool device with an ultrasonic adapter for impressing an ultrasonic vibration on the tool.
  • Another aspect is the superposition of a rotary movement the tool with an ultrasonic vibration.
  • the ultrasound adapter essentially has one for contactless energy transmission
  • a capacitive electroacoustic transducer connected to the secondary winding of a transformer, whose primary winding with an AC voltage electric ultrasonic frequency generator generating in the ultrasonic range is connected and thus the electrical power via the alternating magnetic field transmits contactlessly to the capacitive electroacoustic transducer, the secondary winding at the same time in connection with the capacitive electroacoustic transducer forms a parallel resonance circuit and, in the event of resonance, a voltage surge causes.
  • the resonance frequencies are further advantageous with the frequency of the ultrasound frequency generator the capacitive electroacoustic transducer, the secondary resonant circuit, the Primary resonant circuit and the amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations of the tool, especially a drill bit, coordinated.
  • a subcomponent of the transformer of contactless energy transmission is advantageous, for example, the secondary winding to tune the electrical resonant circuit with the capacitive electroacoustic transducer.
  • the mass of a subcomponent of the transformer of the contactless is also advantageous Energy transfer, e.g. the mass of the inner transformer core, for coordination of the mechanical resonance circuit of the tool can be used.
  • the transformer of two coils within two, one with the opening is advantageous assigned, U-shell cores formed, which together thus essentially one Form closed shell core, with one U-shell core, a coil rotatably assigned.
  • the rotatable transformer consists of two nested, U-shaped shell cores oriented opposite to the tool axis, which coils are assigned in a rotationally fixed manner and oriented parallel to the tool axis include, the primary winding being connected to the tool device in a rotationally fixed manner Stator and the secondary winding the rotor connected to the tool in a rotationally fixed manner assigned.
  • An inner U-shell core and is also advantageously located with respect to a diameter the secondary coil inside and an outer U-shell core and the primary coil inside radially outer, whereby there is a degree of freedom of movement parallel to the tool axis along this a decoupling of the vibration and a dismantling of the transformer, For example, when changing a tool with an integrated capacitive electroacoustic Converter and secondary part of a transformer, is made possible.
  • a winding ratio of 1: 1 is required to minimize the size of the transformer advantageous.
  • the small number of windings also results from the feed frequency in the Range from 20 to 35kHz.
  • the mass of the ferromagnetic inner transformer core acts as an oscillating one Mass and can be used to balance the vibrating mechanical system become.
  • This inner transformer core made of layered and against each other is advantageous electrically insulated slats, which are used to avoid eddy current losses follow the magnetic field lines and piece by piece or non-cutting are reshaped.
  • the capacitive electroacoustic transducer along the tool axis is also advantageous arranged so that the vibration amplitude occurring in the direction of the tool axis increases the abrasive material removal by local axial pressure increase.
  • the amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations of the tool is advantageous capacitive electroacoustic transducers arranged in a vibration node.
  • an ultrasonic adapter 1 has a rotating movement of a tool 2 about a tool axis A generating, not fully shown tool 3 a rotatable capacitive electroacoustic transducer 4 connected to the Secondary winding 5 of a rotatable transformer 6, the primary winding 7 with a powerful ultrasound frequency generator 8 is connected in the ultrasound range, the secondary winding 5 parallel to the capacitive electroacoustic transducer 4 is switched.
  • Tool 2 is a hollow core bit for cut-off grinding cylindrical core bores in rock 9 and via a drilling fluid channel 10 along the tool axis A with the tool device 3.
  • the transformer 6 consists of two U-shaped shell cores assigned to each other with respect to the opening, which coils are assigned in a rotationally fixed manner and oriented parallel to the tool axis A include, wherein the coil designed as primary winding 7 with the tool 3 non-rotatably connected stator and the coil designed as a secondary winding 5 with is associated with the tool 2 rotatably connected rotor.
  • the compact one Transformer 6 has a hollow U-shaped arrangement arranged radially from the inside out Shell core as inner transformer core 11, the secondary winding 5, an air gap 12, the Primary winding 7 and an annular U-shaped shell core as the outer Transformer core 13 on.
  • the ring-shaped hollow capacitive electroacoustic transducer 4 is axially in the direction of the tool device 3 adjacent to the inner transformer core 11 and the secondary winding 5 arranged, whereby the mass thereof in the mechanical Tool 2 resonant circuit is received.
  • an electrical resonant circuit with respect to an alternating current i 2 and an alternating voltage u 2 has the inductance L P formed by a coil, the capacitance C P formed by the capacitive electroacoustic transducer and the resistance R P determined by the losses.
  • this electrical resonant circuit is coupled to a mechanical resonant circuit with regard to a displacement speed v and a displacement force F.
  • the mechanical resonant circuit is described by the internal damping d, the rigidity 1 / c and the mass m and the damping load d L.
  • the inductance L P is replaced for the inductive energy transmission with the secondary side of a transformer fed with an alternating current i 1 and an alternating voltage u 1 .
  • U 2 1000V
  • I 2 2A
  • ü 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Ein Werkzeuggerät (3) mit einem Ultraschalladapter (1) mit einem an einen elektrischen Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator (8) angeschlossenen kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandier (4) zur Erzeugung von Ultraschallwellen für ein Werkzeug (2), wobei der kapazitive elektro-akustische Wandler (4) mit einer Sekundärwicklung (5) und der Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator (8) mit einer Primärwicklung (7) eines Transformators (6) verbunden ist.

Figure 00000001
A tool device (3) with an ultrasonic adapter (1) with a capacitive electro-acoustic transducer (4) connected to an electrical ultrasonic frequency generator (8) for generating ultrasonic waves for a tool (2), the capacitive electro-acoustic transducer (4) with a Secondary winding (5) and the ultrasonic frequency generator (8) is connected to a primary winding (7) of a transformer (6).
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung bezeichnet ein Werkzeuggerät, bspw. ein Kernbohrgerät oder ein Schleifgerät, mit einem Ultraschalladapter zur bspw. abrasiven oder spanenden Bearbeitung von Festkörpern, wie Baustoffen bspw. Gestein, Metall oder Holz.The invention relates to a tool device, for example a core drilling device or a grinding device, with an ultrasonic adapter for e.g. abrasive or machining of Solids, such as building materials such as stone, metal or wood.

Die abrasiv sägende Bearbeitung von Gestein über eine zumindest teilweise drehende, mit Hartstoffen auf ihrer Stirnseite besetzten zylindrischen Bohrkrone ist bspw. aus EP0280835 vorbekannt. Derartige Bohrkronen verwenden üblicherweise Wasser als Spül- und Kühlflüssigkeit. Die Ultraschallschwingungen werden dabei durch kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler im Ultraschallfrequenzbereich gebildet. Der elektrostatische Wandler kann beispielsweise aus vorgespannten Piezoscheiben aufgebaut sein.The abrasive sawing processing of rock via an at least partially rotating, with Cylindrical drill bit with hard materials on its end face is, for example, from EP0280835 previously known. Such drill bits usually use water as the rinsing and cooling liquid. The ultrasonic vibrations are generated by capacitive electro-acoustic Transducers formed in the ultrasonic frequency range. The electrostatic converter can, for example be constructed from pre-stressed piezo disks.

Kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler im Ultraschallfrequenzbereich, bspw. Piezoscheiben, bestehen aus einem elektrostriktiven Material als Dielektrikum eines Kondensators, welches unter einer angelegten elektrischen Spannung seine Dimension verändert. Ein derart ausgebildeter Kondensator weist aufgrund seiner mechanischen Eigenschaften eine Eigenresonanz auf. Kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler benötigen zur Erzeugung ausreichender Deformationen eine hohe elektrische Spannung.Capacitive electroacoustic transducers in the ultrasonic frequency range, e.g. piezo disks, consist of an electrostrictive material as the dielectric of a capacitor, which changes its dimension under an applied electrical voltage. Such a trained capacitor has a due to its mechanical properties Self-response on. Capacitive electroacoustic transducers require sufficient to generate Deformations a high voltage.

Es ist üblich, das elektrische (kapazitive) Verhalten eines piezoelektrischen Wandlers durch eine Induktivität zu ergänzen, die so abgestimmt wird, dass der entstehende Parallel-Schwingkreis auf der elektrischen Seite die gleiche Resonanzfrequenz besitzt wie der mechanische Schwingkreis, der durch die Steifigkeit und Masse des Schallkonverters bestimmt ist.It is common to measure the electrical (capacitive) behavior of a piezoelectric transducer to add an inductance that is tuned so that the resulting parallel resonant circuit has the same resonance frequency on the electrical side as the mechanical resonant circuit, due to the rigidity and mass of the sound converter is determined.

Nach der EP0720890B1 weist ein Handwerkzeuggerät ein drehendes zylindrisches, abrasiv materialabtragendes Werkzeug auf, dem über einen aus elektrostriktiven Material bestehenden kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler ein longitudinales Ultraschallfeld axial überlagert ist. Die Bohrkrone ist entsprechend der Amplitudenresonanz auf die Frequenz des Ultraschallfeldes ausgelegt. According to EP0720890B1, a hand tool device has a rotating cylindrical, abrasive material-removing tool on the one made of electrostrictive material capacitive electroacoustic transducers axially superimposed on a longitudinal ultrasound field is. The drill bit is in accordance with the amplitude resonance to the frequency of the ultrasound field designed.

Nach der US3614484 weist ein Ultraschalladapter für eine, ein drehendes Werkzeug antreibende, Bohrmaschine einen mitdrehenden, aus elektrostriktiven Material bestehenden, kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler auf, der über Schleifringe mit einer ultraschallfrequenten Wechselspannung verbunden ist. Nachteilig bei einer derartigen Energieversorgung ist der durch den mechanischen Kontakt verursachte Verschleiss, welcher die Lebensdauer begrenzt. Des weiteren ergeben sich durch die Verwendung von Wasser unter Berücksichtigung der zum Betrieb von elektrostriktiven Wandlern erforderlichen hohen Spannung Isolationsprobleme, welche die Sicherheit des Nutzers beeinträchtigen könnten.According to US3614484, an ultrasonic adapter for a rotating tool driving, drilling machine a rotating, made of electrostrictive material, capacitive electro-acoustic transducer based on slip rings with an ultrasonic frequency AC voltage is connected. A disadvantage of such an energy supply is the wear caused by the mechanical contact, which increases the service life limited. Furthermore, result from the use of water taking into account the high voltage required to operate electrostrictive transducers Isolation problems that could affect the safety of the user.

Des weiteren sind nach der EP0680060A1 ringförmige rotierbare Drehübertrager bzw. Transformatoren mit jeweils kreisringförmigen U-Kernen für Stator und Rotor vorbekannt, welche über zugeordnete Spulen elektrische Energie über ein magnetisches Wechselfeld vom Stator auf den Rotor übertragen.Furthermore, according to EP0680060A1, ring-shaped rotatable rotary transmitters or Transformers with circular U-cores for stator and rotor, which via assigned coils electrical energy via an alternating magnetic field transferred from the stator to the rotor.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht bei Meidung obiger Nachteile in der Realisierung eines Werkzeuggerätes mit einem Ultraschalladapter zum Aufprägen einer Ultraschallschwingung auf das Werkzeug. Ein weiterer Aspekt besteht in der Überlagerung einer Drehbewegung des Werkzeugs mit einer Ultraschallschwingung.The object of the invention is to avoid the above disadvantages in the implementation of a Tool device with an ultrasonic adapter for impressing an ultrasonic vibration on the tool. Another aspect is the superposition of a rotary movement the tool with an ultrasonic vibration.

Die Aufgabe wird im wesentlichen durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The task is essentially solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

Im wesentlichen weist zur berührungslosen Energieübertragung der Ultraschalladapter eines Werkzeuggerätes einen kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler verbunden mit der Sekundärwicklung eines Transformators auf, dessen Primärwicklung mit einem, eine Wechselspannung im Ultraschallbereich erzeugenden, elektrischen Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator verbunden ist und somit über das magnetische Wechselfeld die elektrische Leistung berührungslos an den kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler überträgt, wobei die Sekundärwicklung gleichzeitig in Verbindung mit dem kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler einen Parallelresonanzkreis ausbildet und im Resonanzfall eine Spannungsüberhöhung bewirkt.The ultrasound adapter essentially has one for contactless energy transmission A capacitive electroacoustic transducer connected to the secondary winding of a transformer, whose primary winding with an AC voltage electric ultrasonic frequency generator generating in the ultrasonic range is connected and thus the electrical power via the alternating magnetic field transmits contactlessly to the capacitive electroacoustic transducer, the secondary winding at the same time in connection with the capacitive electroacoustic transducer forms a parallel resonance circuit and, in the event of resonance, a voltage surge causes.

Der durch die berührungslose Energieübertragung wesentlich verringerte mechanische Verschleiss wirkt sich Vorteilhaft auf die Lebensdauer des Werkzeuggerätes aus. Zudem ergeben sich bei der Bearbeitung von mit Wasser kontaminierten Materialien keine Isolationsprobleme bei der Energieübertragung. Durch die Nutzung der Sekundärwicklung als Parallelinduktivität wird die für den Abgleich des elektrischen Schwingkreises erforderliche zusätzliche Induktivität eingespart.The mechanical reduction, which is significantly reduced due to the contactless energy transfer Wear has an advantageous effect on the service life of the tool device. In addition there are no insulation problems when processing materials contaminated with water in energy transmission. By using the secondary winding as Parallel inductance becomes the one required for the adjustment of the electrical resonant circuit additional inductance saved.

Vorteilhaft wird bei einer möglichen, jedoch nicht notwendigen, um eine Werkzeugachse zumindest teilweise drehenden oder schwingenden Bewegung des Werkzeuges ein mit diesem zumindest teilweise mitdrehender oder mitschwingender kapazitiver elektroakustischer Wandler über einen zumindest teilweise rotierbaren Transformator berührungslos mit dem Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator verbunden.It is advantageous for a possible, but not necessary, around a tool axis at least partially rotating or oscillating movement of the tool this at least partially rotating or resonating capacitive electroacoustic Transducer via an at least partially rotatable transformer without contact connected to the ultrasonic frequency generator.

Weiter vorteilhaft sind mit der Frequenz des Ultraschallfrequenzgenerators die Resonanzfrequenzen des kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandlers, des Sekundärschwingkreises, des Primärschwingkreises sowie der Amplitude der Longitudinalschwingungen des Werkzeuges, insbesondere einer Bohrkrone, aufeinander abgestimmt.The resonance frequencies are further advantageous with the frequency of the ultrasound frequency generator the capacitive electroacoustic transducer, the secondary resonant circuit, the Primary resonant circuit and the amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations of the tool, especially a drill bit, coordinated.

Vorteilhaft ist eine Teilkomponente des Transformators der berührungslosen Energieübertragung, bspw. die Sekundärwicklung, zum Abstimmen des elektrischen Resonanzkreises mit dem kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler nutzbar.A subcomponent of the transformer of contactless energy transmission is advantageous, for example, the secondary winding to tune the electrical resonant circuit with the capacitive electroacoustic transducer.

Weiter vorteilhaft ist die Masse einer Teilkomponente des Transformators der berührungslosen Energieübertragung, bspw. die Masse des inneren Transformatorkerns, zur Abstimmung des mechanischen Resonanzkreises des Werkzeugs nutzbar.The mass of a subcomponent of the transformer of the contactless is also advantageous Energy transfer, e.g. the mass of the inner transformer core, for coordination of the mechanical resonance circuit of the tool can be used.

Durch die obige mehrfache Ausnutzung von Teilkomponenten des Transformators der berührungslosen Energieübertragung, verbunden mit einer radialen ineinander verschachtelten Anordnung der Teilkomponenten, bspw. von Innen nach Aussen: Innerer Transformatorkern, Sekundärwicklung, Luftspalt, Primärwicklung, äusserer Transformatorkern, ist vorteilhaft eine weitgehend kompakte Bauweise für den Transformator der berührungslosen Energieübertragung realisierbar.Due to the above multiple use of sub-components of the transformer non-contact energy transmission, combined with a radial nested Arrangement of the sub-components, e.g. from the inside to the outside: inner transformer core, Secondary winding, air gap, primary winding, outer transformer core, is advantageous a largely compact design for the transformer of the contactless Energy transfer possible.

Vorteilhaft ist der Transformator aus zwei Spulen innerhalb zweier, einander mit der Öffnung zugeordneter, U-Schalenkerne ausgebildet, welche zusammen somit einen im wesentlichen geschlossenen Schalenkern ausbilden, wobei je einem U-Schalenkern eine Spule drehfest zugeordnet ist.The transformer of two coils within two, one with the opening, is advantageous assigned, U-shell cores formed, which together thus essentially one Form closed shell core, with one U-shell core, a coil rotatably assigned.

Alternativ besteht der rotierbare Transformator aus zwei ineinander verschachtelten, bezüglich der Werkzeugachse entgegengesetzt orientierten, U-förmigen Schalenkernen, welche jeweils drehfest zugeordnete, parallel zur Werkzeugachse orientierte, Spulen beinhalten, wobei die Primärwicklung dem mit dem Werkzeuggerät drehfest verbundenen Stator und die Sekundärwicklung dem mit dem Werkzeug drehfest verbundenen Rotor zugeordnet ist.Alternatively, the rotatable transformer consists of two nested, U-shaped shell cores oriented opposite to the tool axis, which coils are assigned in a rotationally fixed manner and oriented parallel to the tool axis include, the primary winding being connected to the tool device in a rotationally fixed manner Stator and the secondary winding the rotor connected to the tool in a rotationally fixed manner assigned.

Weiter vorteilhaft befindet sich bezüglich eines Durchmessers ein innerer U-Schalenkern und die Sekundärspule im radial Inneren und ein äusserer U-Schalenkern und die Primärspule im radial Äusseren, wodurch parallel zur Werkzeugachse ein Bewegungsfreiheitsgrad besteht längs dessen eine Entkopplung der Schwingung sowie eine Demontage des Transformators, bspw. bei Wechsel eines Werkzeugs mit integriertem kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler und Sekundärteil eines Transformators, ermöglicht wird.An inner U-shell core and is also advantageously located with respect to a diameter the secondary coil inside and an outer U-shell core and the primary coil inside radially outer, whereby there is a degree of freedom of movement parallel to the tool axis along this a decoupling of the vibration and a dismantling of the transformer, For example, when changing a tool with an integrated capacitive electroacoustic Converter and secondary part of a transformer, is made possible.

Zur Minimierung der Baugrösse des Transformators ist ein Wicklungsverhältnis von 1:1 vorteilhaft. Die geringe Anzahl der Wicklungen resultiert zudem aus der Speisefrequenz im Bereich von 20 bis 35kHz.A winding ratio of 1: 1 is required to minimize the size of the transformer advantageous. The small number of windings also results from the feed frequency in the Range from 20 to 35kHz.

Die Masse des ferromagnetischen, inneren Transformatorkerns wirkt als schwingende Masse und kann zum Abgleich des schwingenden, mechanischen Systems verwendet werden.The mass of the ferromagnetic inner transformer core acts as an oscillating one Mass and can be used to balance the vibrating mechanical system become.

Vorteilhaft ist dieser innere Transformatorkern aus geschichteten und gegeneinander elektrisch isolierten Lamellen aufgebaut, welche zur Vermeidung von Wirbelstromverlussten den magnetischen Feldlinien folgen und stückweise zusammengesetzt oder spanlos umgeformt sind.This inner transformer core made of layered and against each other is advantageous electrically insulated slats, which are used to avoid eddy current losses follow the magnetic field lines and piece by piece or non-cutting are reshaped.

Weiter vorteilhaft ist der kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler längs der Werkzeugachse angeordnet, damit die in Richtung der Werkzeugachse auftretende Schwingungsamplitude durch lokale axiale Drucküberhöhung den abrasiven Materialabtrag steigert.The capacitive electroacoustic transducer along the tool axis is also advantageous arranged so that the vibration amplitude occurring in the direction of the tool axis increases the abrasive material removal by local axial pressure increase.

Vorteilhaft wird bezüglich der Amplitude der Longitudinalschwingungen des Werkzeuges der kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler in einem Schwingungsknoten angeordnet.The amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations of the tool is advantageous capacitive electroacoustic transducers arranged in a vibration node.

Die Erfindung wird bezüglich eines vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert mit:

  • Fig. 1 als Werkzeuggerät mit Ultraschalladapter,
  • Fig. 2 als Ersatzschaltung des elektrischen und mechanischen Schwingkreises.
    • The invention is explained in more detail with respect to an advantageous exemplary embodiment with:
  • 1 as a tool with ultrasound adapter,
  • Fig. 2 as an equivalent circuit of the electrical and mechanical resonant circuit.

    • Nach Fig. 1 weist ein Ultraschalladapter 1 eines, eine drehende Bewegung eines Werkzeuges 2 um eine Werkzeugachse A erzeugenden, nicht vollständig dargestellten Werkzeuggerätes 3 einen rotierbaren kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler 4 verbunden mit der Sekundärwicklung 5 eines rotierbaren Transformators 6 auf, dessen Primärwicklung 7 mit einem leistungsstarken Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator 8 im Ultraschallbereich verbunden ist, wobei die Sekundärwicklung 5 parallel zu dem kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler 4 geschaltet ist. Das Werkzeug 2 ist als eine hohle Bohrkrone zum Trennschleifen zylindrischer Kernbohrungen in Gestein 9 ausgeführt und über einen Bohrflüssigkeitskanal 10 längs der Werkzeugachse A mit dem Werkzeuggerät 3 verbunden. Der Transformator 6 besteht aus zwei einander bezüglich der Öffnung zugeordneten U-förmigen Schalenkernen, welche jeweils drehfest zugeordnete, parallel zur Werkzeugachse A orientierte, Spulen beinhalten, wobei die als Primärwicklung 7 ausgeführte Spule dem mit dem Werkzeuggerät 3 drehfest verbundenen Stator und die als Sekundärwicklung 5 ausgeführte Spule dem mit dem Werkzeug 2 drehfest verbundenen Rotor zugeordnet ist. Der kompakt aufgebaute Transformator 6 weist radial von Innen nach Aussen angeordnet einen hohlen U-förmigen Schalenkern als inneren Transformatorkern 11, die Sekundärwicklung 5, ein Luftspalt 12, die Primärwicklung 7 und einen ringförmigen U-förmigen Schalenkern als äusseren Transformatorkern 13 auf. Der ringförmig hohle kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler 4 ist axial in Richtung des Werkzeuggerätes 3 benachbart zu dem inneren Transformatorkern 11 und der Sekundärwicklung 5 angeordnet, wodurch deren Masse mit in den mechanischen Schwingkreis des Werkzeugs 2 eingeht.According to FIG. 1, an ultrasonic adapter 1 has a rotating movement of a tool 2 about a tool axis A generating, not fully shown tool 3 a rotatable capacitive electroacoustic transducer 4 connected to the Secondary winding 5 of a rotatable transformer 6, the primary winding 7 with a powerful ultrasound frequency generator 8 is connected in the ultrasound range, the secondary winding 5 parallel to the capacitive electroacoustic transducer 4 is switched. Tool 2 is a hollow core bit for cut-off grinding cylindrical core bores in rock 9 and via a drilling fluid channel 10 along the tool axis A with the tool device 3. The transformer 6 consists of two U-shaped shell cores assigned to each other with respect to the opening, which coils are assigned in a rotationally fixed manner and oriented parallel to the tool axis A include, wherein the coil designed as primary winding 7 with the tool 3 non-rotatably connected stator and the coil designed as a secondary winding 5 with is associated with the tool 2 rotatably connected rotor. The compact one Transformer 6 has a hollow U-shaped arrangement arranged radially from the inside out Shell core as inner transformer core 11, the secondary winding 5, an air gap 12, the Primary winding 7 and an annular U-shaped shell core as the outer Transformer core 13 on. The ring-shaped hollow capacitive electroacoustic transducer 4 is axially in the direction of the tool device 3 adjacent to the inner transformer core 11 and the secondary winding 5 arranged, whereby the mass thereof in the mechanical Tool 2 resonant circuit is received.

    Nach Fig. 2 weist in der Ersatzschaltung ein elektrischer Schwingkreis bezüglich eines Wechselstromes i2 und einer Wechselspannung u2 die von einer Spule gebildete Induktivität LP, die vom kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler gebildete Kapazität CP und den durch die Verluste bestimmten Widerstand RP auf. Über eine Kopplung 1:A ist dieser elektrische Schwingkreis mit einem mechanischen Schwingkreis bezüglich einer Verschiebungsgeschwindigkeit v und einer Verschiebungskraft F gekoppelt. Der mechanische Schwingkreis wird durch die Eigendämpfung d, die Steifigkeit 1/c und die Masse m und die dämpfende Last dL beschrieben. Die Induktivität LP ist für die induktive Energieübertragung mit der Sekundärseite eines mit einem Wechselstromes i1 und einer Wechselspannung u1 gespeisten Transformators ersetzt.2, in the equivalent circuit, an electrical resonant circuit with respect to an alternating current i 2 and an alternating voltage u 2 has the inductance L P formed by a coil, the capacitance C P formed by the capacitive electroacoustic transducer and the resistance R P determined by the losses. Via coupling 1: A, this electrical resonant circuit is coupled to a mechanical resonant circuit with regard to a displacement speed v and a displacement force F. The mechanical resonant circuit is described by the internal damping d, the rigidity 1 / c and the mass m and the damping load d L. The inductance L P is replaced for the inductive energy transmission with the secondary side of a transformer fed with an alternating current i 1 and an alternating voltage u 1 .

    Dimensioniert wurde die Anordnung anhand eines Ultraschallaktors mit einem Leistungsbedarf von 2kW bei einer Frequenz von 20kHz. Daraus ergibt sich bei einem im Verhältnis ü=1 übertragendem Transformator eine Speisespannung von U2=1000V und I2=2A. Bei der Verwendung eines, den magnetischen Fluss günstig führenden Materials, welches nicht in der Sättigung betrieben wird, erweisen sich 120 Windungen primär- und sekundärseitig in Bezug auf Flächenbedarf als vorteilhaft. Diese geringe Anzahl von Windungen wird durch die Verwendung einer Speisefrequenz von 20kHz ermöglicht.The arrangement was dimensioned using an ultrasonic actuator with a power requirement of 2 kW at a frequency of 20 kHz. This results in a supply voltage of U 2 = 1000V and I 2 = 2A for a transformer with a ratio of ü = 1. When using a material which conducts the magnetic flux favorably and which is not operated in saturation, 120 turns on the primary and secondary sides prove to be advantageous in terms of the area required. This small number of turns is made possible by using a feed frequency of 20 kHz.

    Claims (13)

    Werkzeuggerät mit einem Ultraschalladapter mit einem an einen elektrischen Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator (8) angeschlossenen kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler (4) zur Erzeugung von Ultraschallwellen für ein Werkzeug (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler (4) mit einer Sekundärwicklung (5) und der Ultraschallfrequenzgenerator (8) mit einer Primärwicklung (7) eines Transformators (6) verbunden ist.Tool device with an ultrasonic adapter with a capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4) connected to an electrical ultrasonic frequency generator (8) for generating ultrasonic waves for a tool (2), characterized in that the capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4) with a secondary winding (5) and the Ultrasonic frequency generator (8) is connected to a primary winding (7) of a transformer (6). Werkzeuggerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit der Frequenz des Ultraschallfrequenzgenerators (8) die Resonanzfrequenzen des kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandlers (4), und/oder des Sekundärschwingkreises und/oder der Amplitude der Longitudinalschwingungen des Werkzeuges (2) aufeinander abgestimmt dimensioniert sind.Tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of the ultrasonic frequency generator (8), the resonance frequencies of the capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4), and / or the secondary resonant circuit and / or the amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations of the tool (2) are dimensioned to each other. Werkzeuggerät nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ultraschalladapter (1) und/oder das Werkzeug (2) für eine Resonanzfrequenz im Bereich von 20 bis 35 kHz dimensioniert ist.Tool device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the ultrasonic adapter (1) and / or the tool (2) is dimensioned for a resonance frequency in the range from 20 to 35 kHz. Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler (4) in Richtung des Werkzeuggerätes (3) axial benachbart zur Sekundärwicklung (5) angeordnet ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4) is arranged axially adjacent to the secondary winding (5) in the direction of the tool device (3). Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transformator (6) mit einem inneren Transformatorkern (11), der Sekundärwicklung (5), einem Luftspalt (12), einer Primärwicklung (7) und einem äusseren Transformatorkern (13) radial von Innen nach Aussen angeordnet ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transformer (6) with an inner transformer core (11), the secondary winding (5), an air gap (12), a primary winding (7) and an outer transformer core (13) radially from Is arranged inside out. Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transformator (6) aus zwei Spulen innerhalb zweier, einander mit der Öffnung zugeordneter, Schalenkerne als Transformatorkerne (11, 13) ausgebildet ist, sowie je einem Schalenkern eine Spule drehfest zugeordnet ist, wobei die Primärwicklung (7) dem mit dem Werkzeuggerät (3) drehfest verbundenen Stator und die Sekundärwicklung (5) dem mit dem Werkzeug (2) drehfest verbunden Rotor zugeordnet ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transformer (6) consists of two coils within two shell cores, which are assigned to one another with the opening, as transformer cores (11, 13), and one coil core is assigned a coil in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the primary winding (7) is assigned to the stator that is connected to the tool device (3) in a rotationally fixed manner and the secondary winding (5) is assigned to the rotor that is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the tool (2). Werkzeuggerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transformator (6) zwei ineinander verschachtelte, bezüglich der Werkzeugachse (A) entgegengesetzt orientierte, Schalenkerne als Transformatorkerne (11, 13) aufweist, welche jeweils drehfest, parallel zur Werkzeugachse (A) orientierte, Spulen zugeordnet beinhalten, wobei die Primärwicklung (7) dem mit dem Werkzeuggerät (3) drehfest verbundenen Stator und die Sekundärwicklung (5) dem mit dem Werkzeug (2) drehfest verbundenen Rotor zugeordnet ist.Tool device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the transformer (6) has two nested shell cores as transformer cores (11, 13) oriented opposite one another with respect to the tool axis (A), each of which is rotationally fixed, parallel to the tool axis (A ) oriented, assigned coils, the primary winding (7) being associated with the stator non-rotatably connected to the tool (3) and the secondary winding (5) being associated with the rotor non-rotatably connected to the tool (2). Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Werkzeug (2) mit integriertem kapazitiven elektroakustischen Wandler (4) und Sekundärteil eines Transformators (6) wechselbar zugeordnet ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool (2) with an integrated capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4) and secondary part of a transformer (6) is interchangeably assigned. Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transformator (6) zumindest teilweise um eine Werkzeugachse (A) rotierbar oder schwingbar ausgeführt ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transformer (6) is at least partially rotatable or oscillatable about a tool axis (A). Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Masse des inneren Transformatorkerns (11) zum Abgleich des schwingenden, mechanischen Systems verwendbar ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mass of the inner transformer core (11) can be used to balance the oscillating, mechanical system. Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der innere Transformatorkern (11) aus geschichteten und gegeneinander elektrisch isolierten Lamellen aufgebaut ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner transformer core (11) is constructed from layered lamellae which are electrically insulated from one another. Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler (4) bezüglich der Amplitude der Longitudinalschwingungen des Werkzeuges (2) in einem Schwingungsknoten angeordnet ist.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4) is arranged in a vibration node with respect to the amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations of the tool (2). Werkzeuggerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Werkzeug (2) und/oder der Transformator (6) und/oder der kapazitive elektroakustische Wandler (4) längs der Werkzeugachse (A) hohl ausgeführt sind.Tool device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool (2) and / or the transformer (6) and / or the capacitive electroacoustic transducer (4) are hollow along the tool axis (A).
    EP01810469A 2000-05-23 2001-05-14 Tool with ultrasound adaptor Expired - Lifetime EP1157752B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10025352A DE10025352B4 (en) 2000-05-23 2000-05-23 Tool device with an ultrasonic adapter
    DE10025352 2000-05-23

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    EP1157752A2 true EP1157752A2 (en) 2001-11-28
    EP1157752A3 EP1157752A3 (en) 2004-05-26
    EP1157752B1 EP1157752B1 (en) 2008-03-19

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    EP (1) EP1157752B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4917215B2 (en)
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    US20030001456A1 (en) 2003-01-02

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