EP1152671B1 - Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support - Google Patents
Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1152671B1 EP1152671B1 EP00905150A EP00905150A EP1152671B1 EP 1152671 B1 EP1152671 B1 EP 1152671B1 EP 00905150 A EP00905150 A EP 00905150A EP 00905150 A EP00905150 A EP 00905150A EP 1152671 B1 EP1152671 B1 EP 1152671B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- support
- proximal portion
- handle
- brush according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B15/00—Other brushes; Brushes with additional arrangements
- A46B15/0097—Self supporting, e.g. brushes that stand upright or in other particular ways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
- A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
- A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S248/00—Supports
- Y10S248/91—Weighted base
Definitions
- the invention relates to toothbrushes.
- the handle of the brush has a profiled sectional shape triangular cross section.
- the handle of the brush has a profiled sectional shape triangular cross section.
- the hairs are turned upwards in opposite direction to the support.
- the bristles extend toward the support plan while being away from it.
- the brush teeth can be left in this position after use. It can drip and dry without contact of the hairs with the support.
- this position corresponding to a stable equilibrium, it suffices that the user places the brush in a position close to the stable position for the brush spontaneously found this stable position.
- the handling of the brush does not require from the from the user a particular attention. He lives that, in the other two positions, the hairs are oriented upwards and are therefore likely to come in contact with other objects that the user would manipulate. This is harmful to a good hygiene of the brush.
- WO-98 44823 discloses a toothbrush arranged to present a unique stable equilibrium position in which the brush is parallel to the support and the bristles extend in the opposite direction to the support.
- the document CH-180 027 discloses a toothbrush arranged to present several positions of stable equilibrium. In one of these positions, the brush is horizontal with the hairs oriented toward the support and away from the support.
- An object of the invention is to provide a brush which is easier to handle and reduces the risk of hair contact with an element outside.
- stable equilibrium position we mean a position that the brush finds spontaneously under the effect of gravity once the brush has been deposited in any position close to the stable position, sometimes oscillations around the stable position. (Good heard, if the stable position is unique, this functioning will be valid regardless of the position starting point). From a physical point of view, in the every stable equilibrium position, the energy potential of the brush associated with gravity terrestrial is at an absolute minimum or local by comparison with other non-stable positions. We so speaks of bowl of potential.
- the or each stable position depends on the volume of the brush and its mass distribution.
- the brush is arranged so that the stable position is always the same, whatever either said starting position of any kind.
- this position can be the one where the hairs are the closest to the support, without being in contact with this one, and are the least likely to be affected by another object.
- the brush is in accordance with claim 3.
- the proximal zone ensures the rolling of the brush on the support from a starting position any up to the or each stable position.
- the brush is arranged so that the proximal area has a single point of contact with the support in the or each position stable balance.
- the brush is arranged so that for any position in which the brush is supported by a horizontal plane support with the longitudinal direction substantially parallel to support, the proximal area presents a single point of contact with the support.
- the proximal zone has a shape usually flat.
- the proximal area can serve as support for one or more fingers of the user's hand wielding the brush and this to hold more firmly the brush in hand, or turn it over easily in hand during brushing.
- This support can especially serve the thumb or index of this hand.
- the proximal area forms an obstacle likely to limit or prevent any flow from the hairs along the handle to the hand of the user.
- the handle of the handle remains clean and dries during brushing.
- the proximal zone has a shape general flat in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
- the proximal zone has a shape generally flat in a plane substantially inclined by relative to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
- the proximal zone being off-center relative to a central longitudinal axis of the brush, the proximal area contributes so significant, even decisive, changeover brush up to the or each stable position.
- the proximal area protrudes from one side of the opposite handle to another side of the handle bearing the fur.
- the proximal zone extends into protrusion of the handle all around a longitudinal axis of the brush.
- the proximal zone forms with the handle an indented ridge on one side of the area proximal located towards the hairs.
- the proximal area forms an obstacle particularly effective at flows since bristles towards the handle.
- the proximal zone forms with the handle an indented ridge on one side of the area proximal located towards the distal zone.
- the proximal zone forms a good stop for the fingers of the hand holding the brush.
- the proximal zone has a face outer elastomer.
- the tilting of the brush up to or a stable position is performed silently, even if the plane support is made of hard material. We avoid so an unpleasant noise, even when the brush oscillates for a few moments around the stable position.
- the brush is arranged so that the distal area has two points of contact with the support in the or each equilibrium position stable.
- the distal zone presents a flat usually parallel to the direction longitudinal of the brush.
- the brush has the shape illustrated in one of Figures 1 to 5.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a first mode embodiment of the invention.
- the toothbrush 2 has a handle 4 elongated in one direction general rectilinear.
- the handle has one end terminal 6 provided with brushing bristles 9 thus forming a head of the brush.
- the head 6 has a face 8 to from which extend the hairs 9, the face being flat in the vicinity of the hairs, and the hairs extending perpendicularly to the face 8.
- the head has another face 10, opposite the face 8, of shaped shape in the longitudinal direction of the brush, the profile having a generally semicircular shape and thus generating in intersection with the face 8 two edges 12.
- we'll call faces 8 and 10 respectively lower and upper.
- the lower face 8 moves away from the face upper curve 10 so the thickness of the brush (measured parallel to the bristles 9) increases.
- the lower face 8 is extended by a section with curved profile parallel to the direction longitudinal of the brush.
- the lower face 8 ends by interrupting when the two edges 12 are join before reaching the middle of the length of the brush.
- the handle On a next section 14 of the brush, the handle thus has a substantially circular profile.
- the section 14 carries a ring or median zone or proximal 16 that we will describe later, located substantially halfway between the two ends end of the brush but however closer to the head 6 than the other end 20.
- the stretch circular 14 extends to the other side of the ring 16.
- the brush has a lower flat 18 extending from the same side of the handle as the face lower 8 carrying the hairs.
- This flat 18 is generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the brush while being very slightly raised in direction of the back end 20 so that the thickness of the handle decreases towards this end.
- the handle has the opposite side to the flat lower 18 an upper face 22 with a curved profile analogous to the upper face 10, prolonging the circular section 14 to the end 20.
- the intersection of this upper face 22 with the lower flat 18 generates a shaped edge 24 elongated ellipse, the major axis of the ellipse being substantially parallel to the direction longitudinal of the brush.
- the ring 16 is fixed relative to the handle. She has in this case the shape of an oval or ovoid galette very flattened.
- the general plan of the ring 16 is here inclined relative to the direction perpendicular to the length of the brush. In this case, the ring 16 extends protruding from the section 14, that is to say the handle 4, and this all around the neck, thus producing the impression that the handle passes through an imaginary hole in the Ring.
- the ring 16 is furthermore decentered here by compared to the average fiber of the handle so the ring protrudes from the handle over a longer distance important on the side of the upper faces 10 and 22 that on the side of the lower face 8 and the flat part 18.
- the ring 16 shape with the handle two hollow and shaped edges general circular 24, 26 and respectively to the front and the back of the brush.
- the handle and the ring are made for example in a light and hard plastic material, the ring being for example further covered with an elastomer softer intended to constitute the outer face of the ring 16.
- the mass distribution of the brush and its volume are chosen so that the brush has on a support any horizontal plane 30 a position of equilibrium stable in which the brush rests on the support through a point 32 located at the end back 20 on the flat 18, and a point 34 located on the circumference of the ring 16, on the side of the bristles 9.
- the bristles 9 extend towards the support 9, perpendicularly to the plane thereof and to distance from it, the lower free end of the hairs being spaced apart from the support.
- this position constitutes the unique stable balance position of the brush on a support horizontal plane.
- the turnover is on the one hand at the end 20, on the upper face 22 and the flat part 18. It is on the other hand along the around the ring 16 which, because of the shape convex circular circumference of this circumference, still has only one only point in contact with the support.
- the user can even arrange the brush in any position on the support, for example standing on the back end 20, the falling brush so always lying down, then rolling to its stable position.
- the stable position will be reached here with some oscillations of the brush around its stable position until immobilization since, in the stable position, the brush rests on the support by only two points.
- the eccentric ring 16 plays here a significant role in this functioning of the brush, just like volume and mass distribution of the entire brush.
- the rolling of the brush from any position up to the stable position is done without any contact of the hair with the support, which improves the hygiene of the brush.
- the elastomer covering the ring ensures a rolling noise of the brush, even if the support is hard material.
- the user can hold the brush in the hand by means of the handle section forming a handle extending between the stop 16 and the rear end 20.
- the ring 16 can then serve stop for at least one of the fingers of the hand, by example the thumb and / or the index to allow a hold the brush firmly or facilitate its rotation in the hand being brushed.
- the stop 16 limit or even avoid liquid flows since the hairs up to the back end 20 and the hand of the user, the handle thus remaining clean and dried.
- the part of section 14 of the handle on the side of the ring located towards the hairs may have a diameter less than the diameter of the other part 17 of the stretch 14 on the opposite side of the hair so that she can receive a cap covering the hair up to the ring and whose contour will be an extension of Part 17.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a second mode preferred embodiment very close to the previous one.
- This mode differs from the previous one mainly by the inclination of the ring 16 which is opposite to that of the first fashion so the upper part of the ring, the most protruding of the handle, extends this time towards the head.
- Other features of the brush are essentially unchanged.
- the brush operation is the same, and remains characterized by a single stable position.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a third mode of production. This time, the inclination of the ring 16 is close to that of the first mode, though less pronounced.
- the head 6 is substantially unchanged by compared to the first mode.
- the section transverse of the handle decreases from the base of the head 6 and is at a minimum about a section 36 located midway between the head 6 and the 16. From this section, towards the rear end 20, the handle has an elongate shape very slightly curved (whose center of curvature is located on the opposite side to the hairs), the section transverse of the handle going increasing in direction of the rear end 20.
- the flat lower 18 is still present though its width is lower than in the first mode.
- the end 20 has the upper side a cutaway 38 elliptical in plan and slightly curved convex in longitudinal profile.
- the operation of the brush is unchanged.
- the ring 16 has a single point of contact with the support and the flat part 18 carries out here a contact surface against surface with the support with a number of contact points greater than or equal to three. It follows that the oscillations of the brush around the equilibrium position are reduced or absent. AT from any position, the rolling of the brush is performed on the one hand on the ring 16 and other share on the lower flat 18 and the upper half elliptical edge of the cutaway 38 located on the side of the opposite handle to the hairs.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth mode of embodiment of the invention.
- the ring 16 always off-center, extends in a general plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
- the part of the brush extending from the head 6, this included, up to the ring 16, is substantially same as Figure 1.
- the part of the handle extending from the ring 16 to the rear end 20 is substantially symmetrical of the previous compared to a point of symmetry S located on the average fiber of the brush, inside of it at the level of the ring 16.
- the portion of the handle handle present a lower circular face 40 and a flat face upper 42 curved near the ring 16.
- the brush has a unique balance position stable. This time, in the stable position, the brush rests on the support by a point 34 of the ring and a point 32 of the lower curved face 40, near the rear end 20.
- the brush for her has at least two stable equilibrium positions in each of which the brush extends parallel to the support, the hairs being directed towards the support, possibly being inclined with respect thereto, and away from the support.
- the ring 16 makes it possible to obtain simple way the operation of the brush according to the invention.
- this operation does not take only to the configuration of the ring and its position on the brush but also depends closely of the configuration of the entire brush.
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- Brushes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne les brosses à dents.The invention relates to toothbrushes.
On connaÃt une brosse à dents comportant un manche de forme allongée et une tête munie de poils. Le manche de la brosse a une forme profilée à section transversale triangulaire. Lorsqu'on le dispose sur un support plan horizontal, il présente ainsi trois positions d'équilibre stable. Dans deux de ces positions, les poils sont tournés vers le haut en direction opposée au support. Dans la troisième position, les poils s'étendent en direction du support plan tout en étant à distance de celui-ci. La brosse à dents peut être laissée dans cette position après usage. Elle peut ainsi s'égoutter et sécher sans contact des poils avec le support. De plus, cette position correspondant à un équilibre stable, il suffit que l'utilisateur dépose la brosse dans une position voisine de la position stable pour que la brosse retrouve spontanément cette position stable. Le maniement de la brosse ne requiert donc pas de la part de l'utilisateur une attention particulière. Il demeure que, dans les deux autres positions, les poils sont orientés vers le haut et sont donc susceptibles d'entrer en contact avec d'autres objets que l'utilisateur manipulerait. Cela est nuisible à une bonne hygiène de la brosse.We know a toothbrush with a handle of elongated shape and a head with bristles. The handle of the brush has a profiled sectional shape triangular cross section. When it is available on a support horizontal plane, it thus presents three Stable equilibrium positions. In two of these positions, the hairs are turned upwards in opposite direction to the support. In the third position, the bristles extend toward the support plan while being away from it. The brush teeth can be left in this position after use. It can drip and dry without contact of the hairs with the support. In addition, this position corresponding to a stable equilibrium, it suffices that the user places the brush in a position close to the stable position for the brush spontaneously found this stable position. The handling of the brush does not require from the from the user a particular attention. He lives that, in the other two positions, the hairs are oriented upwards and are therefore likely to come in contact with other objects that the user would manipulate. This is harmful to a good hygiene of the brush.
Le document WO-98 44823 divulgue une brosse à dents agencée pour présenter une position d'équilibre stable unique dans laquelle la brosse est parallèle au support et les poils s'étendent en direction opposée au support.WO-98 44823 discloses a toothbrush arranged to present a unique stable equilibrium position in which the brush is parallel to the support and the bristles extend in the opposite direction to the support.
Le document CH-180 027 divulgue une brosse à dents agencée pour présenter plusieurs positions d'équilibre stable. Dans l'une de ces positions, la brosse est horizontale avec les poils orientés en direction du support et à distance du support.The document CH-180 027 discloses a toothbrush arranged to present several positions of stable equilibrium. In one of these positions, the brush is horizontal with the hairs oriented toward the support and away from the support.
Un but de l'invention est de fournir une brosse qui soit d'un maniement plus simple et réduise encore les risques de contact des poils avec un élément extérieur. An object of the invention is to provide a brush which is easier to handle and reduces the risk of hair contact with an element outside.
En vue de la réalisation de ce but, on prévoit selon l'invention une brosse à dents conforme à la revendication 1.In order to achieve this goal, it is expected that according to the invention a toothbrush according to claim 1.
Ainsi, quelle que soit la position dans laquelle l'utilisateur dépose la brosse sur le support, celle-ci prend une position dans laquelle les poils sont dirigés vers le support et à distance de celui-ci et sont ainsi peu exposés à un contact avec un autre élément. Etant donné que l'utilisateur peut déposer la brosse dans une position quelconque sur le support pour obtenir ce résultat, l'attention que requiert le maniement de cette brosse à dents est particulièrement réduite bien que la brosse garantisse une bonne hygiène des poils.So, whatever the position in which the user places the brush on the support, this one takes a position in which the hairs are directed to the support and remote from it and so are little exposure to contact with another element. Being given that the user can deposit the brush in a any position on the support to get this result, the attention that the handling of this toothbrush is particularly reduced well that the brush guarantees a good hygiene of the hairs.
Par position d'équilibre stable, on entend une position que la brosse retrouve spontanément sous l'effet de la gravité une fois que la brosse a été déposée dans une position quelconque voisine de la position stable, moyennant parfois quelques oscillations autour de la position stable. (Bien entendu, si la position stable est unique, ce fonctionnement sera valable quelle que soit la position de départ). D'un point de vue physique, dans la ou chaque position d'équilibre stable, l'énergie potentielle de la brosse associée à la gravité terrestre se trouve à un minimum absolu ou local par comparaison avec les autres positions non stables. On parle ainsi de cuvette de potentiel.By stable equilibrium position, we mean a position that the brush finds spontaneously under the effect of gravity once the brush has been deposited in any position close to the stable position, sometimes oscillations around the stable position. (Good heard, if the stable position is unique, this functioning will be valid regardless of the position starting point). From a physical point of view, in the every stable equilibrium position, the energy potential of the brush associated with gravity terrestrial is at an absolute minimum or local by comparison with other non-stable positions. We so speaks of bowl of potential.
La ou chaque position stable dépend du volume de la brosse et de sa répartition de masse.The or each stable position depends on the volume of the brush and its mass distribution.
Avantageusement, la brosse est agencée de sorte que la position stable est toujours la même, quelle que soit ladite position de départ quelconque.Advantageously, the brush is arranged so that the stable position is always the same, whatever either said starting position of any kind.
Ainsi, cette position peut être celle où les poils sont le plus proche du support, sans être en contact avec celui-ci, et risquent le moins d'être touchés par un autre objet.So, this position can be the one where the hairs are the closest to the support, without being in contact with this one, and are the least likely to be affected by another object.
Avantageusement, la brosse est conforme à la revendication 3.Advantageously, the brush is in accordance with claim 3.
Ainsi, la zone proximale assure le roulement de la brosse sur le support depuis une position de départ quelconque jusqu'à la ou chaque position stable.Thus, the proximal zone ensures the rolling of the brush on the support from a starting position any up to the or each stable position.
Avantageusement, la brosse est agencée de sorte que la zone proximale présente un unique point de contact avec le support dans la ou chaque position d'équilibre stable. Advantageously, the brush is arranged so that the proximal area has a single point of contact with the support in the or each position stable balance.
Avantageusement, la brosse est agencée de sorte que, pour toute position dans laquelle la brosse est supportée par un support plan horizontal avec la direction longitudinale sensiblement parallèle au support, la zone proximale présente un unique point de contact avec le support.Advantageously, the brush is arranged so that for any position in which the brush is supported by a horizontal plane support with the longitudinal direction substantially parallel to support, the proximal area presents a single point of contact with the support.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale a une forme généralement plate.Advantageously, the proximal zone has a shape usually flat.
Ainsi, la zone proximale peut servir d'appui pour un ou plusieurs doigts de la main de l'utilisateur maniant la brosse et ce pour tenir plus fermement la brosse en main, ou encore la faire tourner plus facilement en main durant le brossage. Cet appui pourra notamment servir au pouce ou à l'index de cette main. En outre, la zone proximale forme un obstacle susceptible de limiter voir d'empêcher tout écoulement depuis les poils le long du manche jusqu'à la main de l'utilisateur. Ainsi, la poignée du manche reste propre et sèche durant le brossage.Thus, the proximal area can serve as support for one or more fingers of the user's hand wielding the brush and this to hold more firmly the brush in hand, or turn it over easily in hand during brushing. This support can especially serve the thumb or index of this hand. In addition, the proximal area forms an obstacle likely to limit or prevent any flow from the hairs along the handle to the hand of the user. Thus, the handle of the handle remains clean and dries during brushing.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale a une forme générale plate dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale de la brosse.Advantageously, the proximal zone has a shape general flat in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale a une forme générale plate dans un plan sensiblement incliné par rapport à la direction longitudinale de la brosse.Advantageously, the proximal zone has a shape generally flat in a plane substantially inclined by relative to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
La zone proximale étant décentrée par rapport à un axe longitudinal central de la brosse, la zone proximale contribue de façon significative, voire déterminante, au basculement de la brosse jusqu'à la ou chaque position stable. The proximal zone being off-center relative to a central longitudinal axis of the brush, the proximal area contributes so significant, even decisive, changeover brush up to the or each stable position.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale s'étend en saillie d'un côté du manche opposé à un autre côté du manche portant les poils.advantageously, the proximal area protrudes from one side of the opposite handle to another side of the handle bearing the fur.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale s'étend en saillie du manche tout autour d'un axe longitudinal de la brosse.Advantageously, the proximal zone extends into protrusion of the handle all around a longitudinal axis of the brush.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale forme avec le manche une arête en creux d'un côté de la zone proximale situé vers les poils.Advantageously, the proximal zone forms with the handle an indented ridge on one side of the area proximal located towards the hairs.
Ainsi, la zone proximale forme un obstacle particulièrement efficace aux écoulements depuis les poils en direction de la poignée.Thus, the proximal area forms an obstacle particularly effective at flows since bristles towards the handle.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale forme avec le manche une arête en creux d'un côté de la zone proximale situé vers la zone distale.Advantageously, the proximal zone forms with the handle an indented ridge on one side of the area proximal located towards the distal zone.
Ainsi, la zone proximale forme une bonne butée pour les doigts de la main tenant la brosse.Thus, the proximal zone forms a good stop for the fingers of the hand holding the brush.
Avantageusement, la zone proximale a une face externe en élastomère.Advantageously, the proximal zone has a face outer elastomer.
Ainsi, le basculement de la brosse jusqu'à la ou une position stable s'effectue de façon silencieuse, même si le support plan est en matériau dur. On évite donc un bruit désagréable, même lorsque la brosse oscille quelques instants autour de la position stable.Thus, the tilting of the brush up to or a stable position is performed silently, even if the plane support is made of hard material. We avoid so an unpleasant noise, even when the brush oscillates for a few moments around the stable position.
Avantageusement, la brosse est agencée de sorte que la zone distale présente deux points de contact avec le support dans la ou chaque position d'équilibre stable.Advantageously, the brush is arranged so that the distal area has two points of contact with the support in the or each equilibrium position stable.
Avantageusement, la zone distale présente un méplat généralement parallèle à la direction longitudinale de la brosse. Advantageously, the distal zone presents a flat usually parallel to the direction longitudinal of the brush.
Avantageusement, la brosse a la forme illustrée à l'une des figures 1 à 5.Advantageously, the brush has the shape illustrated in one of Figures 1 to 5.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaÃtront encore dans la description suivante de quatre modes préférés de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. Aux dessins annexés :
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une brosse à dents selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, reposant sur un support ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessous de la brosse de la figure 1 ; et
- les figures 3 à 5 sont des vues analogues à la figure 1 montrant respectivement trois autres modes de réalisation.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a toothbrush according to a first embodiment of the invention, resting on a support;
- Figure 2 is a bottom view of the brush of Figure 1; and
- Figures 3 to 5 are views similar to Figure 1 showing three other embodiments respectively.
On a illustré aux figures 1 et 2 un premier mode
de réalisation de l'invention. La brosse à dents 2
comporte un manche 4 allongé suivant une direction
générale rectiligne. Le manche présente une extrémité
terminale 6 munie de poils de brossage 9 formant ainsi
une tête de la brosse. La tête 6 présente une face 8 Ã
partir de laquelle s'étendent les poils 9, la face
étant plane au voisinage des poils, et les poils
s'étendant perpendiculairement à la face 8. La tête
présente une autre face 10, opposée à la face 8, de
forme profilée suivant la direction longitudinale de la
brosse, le profil ayant une forme générale de demi-cercle
et générant ainsi en intersection avec la face 8
deux arêtes 12. Par commodité et en référence à la
figure 1, nous appellerons les faces 8 et 10
respectivement inférieure et supérieure.FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a first mode
embodiment of the invention. The
En direction de l'autre extrémité terminale 20 de
la brosse, la face inférieure 8 s'éloigne de la face
supérieure courbe 10 de sorte que l'épaisseur de la
brosse (mesurée parallèlement aux poils 9) augmente.
Pour cela, la face inférieure 8 se prolonge par un
tronçon à profil courbe parallèlement à la direction
longitudinale de la brosse. La face inférieure 8 finit
par s'interrompre lorsque les deux arêtes 12 se
rejoignent avant d'atteindre le milieu de la longueur
de la brosse. Sur un tronçon 14 suivant de la brosse,
le manche a ainsi un profil sensiblement circulaire.Towards the
Le tronçon 14 porte une bague ou zone médiane ou
proximale 16 que nous décrirons plus loin, située
sensiblement à mi-distance des deux extrémités
terminales de la brosse mais toutefois plus proche de
la tête 6 que de l'autre extrémité 20. Le tronçon
circulaire 14 se prolonge de l'autre côté de la
bague 16.The
La brosse présente un méplat inférieur 18
s'étendant du même côté du manche que la face
inférieure 8 portant les poils. Ce méplat 18 est
généralement parallèle à la direction longitudinale de
la brosse tout en étant très légèrement relevé en
direction de l'extrémité arrière 20 afin que
l'épaisseur du manche diminue en direction de cette
extrémité. Le manche présente du côté opposé au méplat
inférieur 18 une face supérieure 22 à profil courbe
analogue à la face supérieure 10, prolongeant le
tronçon circulaire 14 jusqu'à l'extrémité 20.
L'intersection de cette face supérieure 22 avec le
méplat inférieur 18 génère une arête 24 en forme
d'ellipse très allongée, le grand axe de l'ellipse
étant sensiblement parallèle à la direction
longitudinale de la brosse.The brush has a lower flat 18
extending from the same side of the handle as the face
lower 8 carrying the hairs. This flat 18 is
generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of
the brush while being very slightly raised in
direction of the
La bague 16 est fixe par rapport au manche. Elle a
en l'espèce la forme d'une galette ovale ou ovoïde très
aplatie. Le plan général de la bague 16 est ici incliné
par rapport à la direction perpendiculaire à la
longueur de la brosse. En l'espèce, la bague 16 s'étend
en saillie du tronçon 14, c'est-à -dire du manche 4, et
ce tout autour du manche, produisant ainsi l'impression
que le manche traverse un orifice imaginaire de la
bague. La bague 16 est en outre ici décentrée par
rapport à la fibre moyenne du manche de sorte que la
bague fait saillie du manche sur une distance plus
importante du côté des faces supérieures 10 et 22 que
du côté de la face inférieure 8 et du méplat 18. Cette
distance est minimale du côté de la face inférieure 8,
plus importante sur les côtés de la brosse, et maximale
du côté des faces supérieures 10 et 22. Compte tenu de
l'inclinaison de la bague, il s'ensuit que la bague
fait saillie sur une courte distance du côté des poils
et en direction de ceux-ci, tandis qu'elle fait saillie
sur une grande distance du côté supérieur, opposé aux
poils et en direction opposée à ceux-ci. La bague 16
forme avec le manche deux arêtes en creux et de forme
générale circulaire 24, 26 et respectivement vers
l'avant et l'arrière de la brosse.The
Le manche et la bague sont réalisés par exemple
dans une matière plastique légère et dure, la bague
étant par exemple en outre recouverte d'un élastomère
plus mou destiné à constituer la face externe de la
bague 16.The handle and the ring are made for example
in a light and hard plastic material, the ring
being for example further covered with an elastomer
softer intended to constitute the outer face of the
La largeur de la brosse, perpendiculairement à son
épaisseur, va en diminuant depuis la bague 16 jusqu'Ã
chacune de ses extrémités terminales, pour lui donner
une forme effilée comme l'illustre la figure 2.The width of the brush, perpendicular to its
thickness, decreasing from
La répartition de masse de la brosse et son volume
sont choisis de sorte que la brosse a sur un support
plan horizontal quelconque 30 une position d'équilibre
stable dans laquelle la brosse repose sur le support
par l'intermédiaire d'un point 32 situé à l'extrémité
arrière 20 sur le méplat 18, et d'un point 34 situé sur
le pourtour de la bague 16, du côté des poils 9. Dans
cette position, les poils 9 s'étendent en direction du
support 9, perpendiculairement au plan de celui-ci et Ã
distance de celui-ci, l'extrémité libre inférieure des
poils étant espacée du support.The mass distribution of the brush and its volume
are chosen so that the brush has on a support
any horizontal plane 30 a position of equilibrium
stable in which the brush rests on the support
through a
En outre, la répartition de masse et le volume
sont tels que cette position constitue l'unique
position d'équilibre stable de la brosse sur un support
plan horizontal. Cela signifie que, lorsque
l'utilisateur place la brosse sur le support dans une
position quelconque où la brosse est allongée
sensiblement parallèlement au support, la brosse roule
spontanément sous l'effet de la gravité pour se placer
dans la position stable précitée. Le roulement se fait
d'une part à l'extrémité 20, sur la face supérieure 22
et le méplat 18. Il se fait d'autre part le long du
pourtour de la bague 16 qui, du fait de la forme
circulaire convexe de ce pourtour, n'a toujours qu'un
seul point en contact avec le support. Par extension,
l'utilisateur peut même disposer la brosse dans
n'importe quelle position sur le support, par exemple
debout sur l'extrémité arrière 20, la brosse retombant
alors toujours en position allongée, puis roulant
jusqu'Ã sa position stable. (Le seul risque est alors
qu'au cours de cette chute, les poils ne contactent le
support). La position stable sera ici atteinte
moyennant quelques oscillations de la brosse autour de
sa position stable jusqu'Ã immobilisation puisque, dans
la position stable, la brosse repose sur le support par
seulement deux points. La bague excentrée 16 joue ici
un rôle significatif dans ce fonctionnement de la
brosse, tout comme le volume et la répartition de masse
de l'ensemble de la brosse.In addition, mass distribution and volume
are such that this position constitutes the unique
stable balance position of the brush on a support
horizontal plane. This means that when
the user places the brush on the support in a
any position where the brush is lengthened
substantially parallel to the support, the brush rolls
spontaneously under the effect of gravity to place himself
in the aforementioned stable position. The turnover is
on the one hand at the
Le roulement de la brosse à partir de n'importe quelle position jusqu'à la position stable, s'effectue sans aucun contact des poils avec le support, ce qui améliore l'hygiène de la brosse. L'élastomère recouvrant la bague assure un roulement silencieux de la brosse, même si le support est en matériau dur.The rolling of the brush from any position up to the stable position, is done without any contact of the hair with the support, which improves the hygiene of the brush. The elastomer covering the ring ensures a rolling noise of the brush, even if the support is hard material.
Lors du brossage, l'utilisateur peut tenir la
brosse dans la main au moyen du tronçon de manche
formant poignée s'étendant entre la butée 16 et
l'extrémité arrière 20. La bague 16 peut alors servir
de butée pour l'un au moins des doigts de la main, par
exemple le pouce et/ou l'index afin de permettre un
maintien ferme de la brosse ou de faciliter sa rotation
dans la main en cours de brossage. En outre, la butée
16 limite voire évite les écoulements liquides depuis
les poils jusqu'à l'extrémité arrière 20 et la main de
l'utilisateur, la poignée demeurant ainsi propre et
sèche.When brushing, the user can hold the
brush in the hand by means of the handle section
forming a handle extending between the
Durant le roulement de la brosse sur le support,
la partie 17 du tronçon 14 du manche contigu à la bague
16 du côté opposé aux poils ne vient jamais en contact
avec le support.During the rolling of the brush on the support,
the
La partie du tronçon 14 du manche du côté de la
bague situé vers les poils pourra avoir un diamètre
inférieur au diamètre de l'autre partie 17 du tronçon
14 située du côté opposé aux poils afin qu'elle puisse
recevoir un capuchon recouvrant les poils jusqu'Ã la
bague et dont le contour sera dans le prolongement de
la partie 17.The part of
On a illustré à la figure 3 un deuxième mode
préféré de réalisation très proche du précédent. Ce
mode se distingue du précédent principalement par
l'inclinaison de la bague 16 qui est opposée à celle du
premier mode de sorte que la partie supérieure de la
bague, la plus en saillie du manche, s'étend cette fois
en direction de la tête. Les autres caractéristiques de
la brosse sont essentiellement inchangées. Le
fonctionnement de la brosse est le même, et demeure
caractérisé par une unique position stable.FIG. 3 illustrates a second mode
preferred embodiment very close to the previous one. This
mode differs from the previous one mainly by
the inclination of the
On a illustré à la figure 4 un troisième mode de
réalisation. Cette fois, l'inclinaison de la bague 16
est proche de celle du premier mode, quoique moins
prononcée. La tête 6 est sensiblement inchangée par
rapport au premier mode. Toutefois, la section
transversale du manche va en diminuant à partir de la
base de la tête 6 et se trouve à un minimum environ Ã
une section 36 située à mi-chemin entre la tête 6 et la
bague 16. A partir de cette section, en direction de
l'extrémité arrière 20, le manche a une forme allongée
très légèrement courbe (dont le centre de courbure est
situé du côté opposé aux poils), la section
transversale du manche allant en augmentant en
direction de l'extrémité arrière 20. Le méplat
inférieur 18 est toujours présent quoique sa largeur
soit plus faible que dans le premier mode. En outre,
l'extrémité 20 présente du côté supérieur un pan coupé
38 de forme elliptique en plan et légèrement courbe
convexe en profil longitudinal.FIG. 4 illustrates a third mode of
production. This time, the inclination of the
Le fonctionnement de la brosse est inchangé. Dans
la position stable, la bague 16 a un unique point de
contact avec le support et le méplat 18 réalise ici un
contact surface contre surface avec le support avec un
nombre de points de contact supérieur ou égal à trois.
Il s'ensuit que les oscillations de la brosse autour de
la position d'équilibre sont réduites voir absentes. A
partir d'une position quelconque, le roulement de la
brosse s'effectue d'une part sur la bague 16 et d'autre
part sur le méplat inférieur 18 et la moitié supérieure
du bord elliptique du pan coupé 38 située du côté du
manche opposé aux poils.The operation of the brush is unchanged. In
the stable position, the
On a illustré à la figure 5 un quatrième mode de
réalisation de l'invention. Cette fois, la bague 16,
toujours décentrée, s'étend dans un plan général
perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale de la
brosse. La partie de la brosse s'étendant de la tête 6,
celle-ci incluse, jusqu'Ã la bague 16, est sensiblement
identique à celle de la figure 1. La partie du manche
s'étendant de la bague 16 à l'extrémité arrière 20 est
sensiblement symétrique de la précédente par rapport Ã
un point de symétrie S situé sur la fibre moyenne de la
brosse, à l'intérieur de celle-ci au niveau de la bague
16. Ainsi, la partie du manche formant poignée présente
une face circulaire inférieure 40 et une face plane
supérieure 42 recourbée près de la bague 16. Une fois
encore, la brosse a une unique position d'équilibre
stable. Cette fois, dans la position stable, la brosse
repose sur le support par un point 34 de la bague et un
point 32 de la face inférieure courbe 40, près de
l'extrémité arrière 20.FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth mode of
embodiment of the invention. This time, the
Bien entendu, on pourra apporter à l'invention de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci.Of course, we can bring to the invention of numerous modifications without departing from it.
Ainsi, on pourra agencer la brosse pour qu'elle présente au moins deux positions d'équilibre stable dans chacune desquelles la brosse s'étend parallèlement au support, les poils étant dirigés vers le support, éventuellement en étant inclinés par rapport à celui-ci, et à distance du support.Thus, we can arrange the brush for her has at least two stable equilibrium positions in each of which the brush extends parallel to the support, the hairs being directed towards the support, possibly being inclined with respect thereto, and away from the support.
On comprendra que les choix de volume et de répartition de masse pour la brosse selon l'invention sont innombrables. Notamment, les différences de formes entre deux brosses conformes à l'invention peuvent être très prononcées ou au contraire mineures, voire imperceptibles.It will be understood that the choice of volume and mass distribution for the brush according to the invention are innumerable. In particular, the differences in shape between two brushes according to the invention can be very pronounced or otherwise minor, even imperceptible.
Comme on l'a vu, la bague 16 permet d'obtenir de
façon simple le fonctionnement de la brosse selon
l'invention. Toutefois, ce fonctionnement ne tient pas
seulement à la configuration de la bague et à sa
position sur la brosse, mais dépend aussi étroitement
de la configuration de l'ensemble de la brosse.As we have seen, the
Claims (15)
- Toothbrush (2) of elongate form and comprising bristles (9), that is so designed that, when the brush is placed in any initial position on a flat horizontal support (30), the brush spontaneously adopts a stable position in which the longitudinal direction of the brush is essentially parallel to the support (30) and the bristles (9) lie at a distance from the support, characterized in that the brush has a mass distribution and a volume such that, in the or each stable position, the bristles extend towards the support, and the brush comprises a handle and a proximal portion projecting from two opposite faces of the handle each lying on both sides of the proximal portion, the proximal portion projecting to a greater distance from one face than from the other.
- Brush according to Claim 1, characterized in that the brush is so designed that the stable position is always the same, whatever said initial position may be.
- Brush according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brush comprises:a distal portion (20), the proximal portion (16) extending between the bristles (9) and the distal portion (20) in the longitudinal direction; andan intermediate portion (17) between the distal and proximal portions,
- Brush according to Claim 3, characterized in that the brush is so designed that the proximal portion (16) exhibits a single point of contact (34) with the support (30) in the or each stable position.
- Brush according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the brush is so designed that, for any position in which the brush (2) is supported by a flat horizontal support (30) with the longitudinal direction essentially parallel to the support, the proximal portion (16) exhibits a single point of contact with the support.
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) is of a generally flat shape.
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) is of a generally flat shape in a plane essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) is of a generally flat shape in a plane that is essentially inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) projects from a side of the handle opposite another side of the handle supporting the bristles (9).
- Brush according to Claim 9, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) projects from the handle (4) all the way around a longitudinal axis of the brush.
- Brush according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) forms with the handle (4) a re-entrant edge (24) on a side of the proximal portion situated towards the bristles (9) .
- Brush according to any one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) forms with the handle (4) a re-entrant edge (26) on a side of the proximal portion situated towards the distal portion (20).
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the proximal portion (16) has an elastomeric outer face.
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the brush is so designed that the distal portion (20) exhibits two points of contact with the support in the or each stable position.
- Brush according to any one of Claims 3 to 14, characterized in that the distal portion (20) has a flat (18) generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the brush.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04019909A EP1483982A1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2000-02-16 | Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9901988A FR2789858B1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 1999-02-18 | TOOTHBRUSH SPONTANEOUSLY TAKING A STABLE BALANCED POSITION ON A HORIZONTAL SUPPORT |
FR9901988 | 1999-02-18 | ||
PCT/FR2000/000384 WO2000048483A1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2000-02-16 | Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04019909A Division EP1483982A1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2000-02-16 | Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1152671A1 EP1152671A1 (en) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1152671B1 true EP1152671B1 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
Family
ID=9542195
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04019909A Withdrawn EP1483982A1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2000-02-16 | Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support |
EP00905150A Expired - Lifetime EP1152671B1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2000-02-16 | Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04019909A Withdrawn EP1483982A1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2000-02-16 | Toothbrush spontaneously taking up stable equilibrium position on a horizontal support |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7007335B1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1483982A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE293906T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2678300A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2362169C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60019729T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2241578T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2789858B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000048483A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050142515A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2005-06-30 | Hiam Levy | Dental tool having a hand grip |
US7934284B2 (en) | 2003-02-11 | 2011-05-03 | Braun Gmbh | Toothbrushes |
WO2016018823A1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-04 | Ordal Jeremy | Toiletry item stand |
US9861187B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-01-09 | Israel Harry Zimmerman | Self-righting toothbrush |
WO2017049084A1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | Israel Zimmerman | Self-righting toothbrush |
US10092087B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2018-10-09 | Israel Harry Zimmerman | Self-righting toothbrush |
US10485330B2 (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2019-11-26 | Israel Harry Zimmerman | Self-righting toothbrush |
US10517386B2 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2019-12-31 | Israel Harry Zimmerman | Self-righting toothbrush |
USD874832S1 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2020-02-11 | Israel Harry Zimmerman | Toothbrush handle |
USD876097S1 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2020-02-25 | Israel Harry Zimmerman | Toothbrush handle |
US20220088810A1 (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-03-24 | Beauty Perspectives, LLC | Razor handle |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US442510A (en) * | 1890-12-09 | Moistening device for envelopes | ||
US860527A (en) * | 1905-12-21 | 1907-07-16 | James Anson Cochrane | Tooth-brush. |
US1048778A (en) * | 1912-02-13 | 1912-12-31 | James W Wood | Shaving-brush and like article. |
US1593763A (en) * | 1925-02-24 | 1926-07-27 | William J Corbett | Rotary toothbrush |
CH180027A (en) * | 1935-03-23 | 1935-10-15 | Billeter Ernst | Toothbrush. |
US2414775A (en) * | 1945-09-06 | 1947-01-21 | Robert W Stavely | Toothbrush |
US2722703A (en) * | 1952-11-28 | 1955-11-08 | Myron B Green | Protective guard for toothbrush |
US3968950A (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1976-07-13 | Gallo George T | Combination support and guard for a toothbrush |
DE3240637A1 (en) | 1982-11-04 | 1984-05-10 | Makowsky, Herbert, Dr.med., 2800 Bremen | TOOTHBRUSH |
FR2654314A1 (en) | 1989-11-15 | 1991-05-17 | Rog Betinna | Autostable toothbrush with or without refillable integral reservoir for toothpaste or gel and with interchangeable or fixed brush |
EP0552147A1 (en) * | 1989-11-21 | 1993-07-28 | GRIMBERG, Alain | Tooth brush for veterinary use |
US5353464A (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1994-10-11 | Atkins Marie B | Toothbrush construction |
US5774921A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1998-07-07 | Zooth, Inc. | Child's utensil |
JPH0690823A (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-04-05 | Seiko Sangyo Kk | Toothbrush |
FR2751856B3 (en) | 1996-08-02 | 1998-10-09 | Hardy Patrice | TOOTHBRUSH |
DE29619569U1 (en) | 1996-11-12 | 1997-03-27 | Brandes, Jörg, 47669 Wachtendonk | Self-straightening or upright commodity, preferably a toothbrush |
US5860190A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1999-01-19 | Cano; Rolando M. | Expanded implement handle grip |
US5956796A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-09-28 | Gillette Canada Inc. | Personal hygiene implement construction |
US6134790A (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 2000-10-24 | Play It Safe, Inc. | Utensil for children |
-
1999
- 1999-02-18 FR FR9901988A patent/FR2789858B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-02-16 WO PCT/FR2000/000384 patent/WO2000048483A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-02-16 AT AT00905150T patent/ATE293906T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-16 EP EP04019909A patent/EP1483982A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-16 AU AU26783/00A patent/AU2678300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-16 US US09/913,350 patent/US7007335B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-16 CA CA002362169A patent/CA2362169C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-16 EP EP00905150A patent/EP1152671B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-16 DE DE60019729T patent/DE60019729T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-16 ES ES00905150T patent/ES2241578T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2362169A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
DE60019729D1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
ES2241578T3 (en) | 2005-11-01 |
EP1152671A1 (en) | 2001-11-14 |
ATE293906T1 (en) | 2005-05-15 |
DE60019729T2 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
EP1483982A1 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
FR2789858B1 (en) | 2001-06-08 |
AU2678300A (en) | 2000-09-04 |
FR2789858A1 (en) | 2000-08-25 |
US7007335B1 (en) | 2006-03-07 |
WO2000048483A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
CA2362169C (en) | 2008-01-22 |
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