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EP1144752B1 - Flexible multilayer flat material with a reinforced cover layer - Google Patents

Flexible multilayer flat material with a reinforced cover layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1144752B1
EP1144752B1 EP99938210A EP99938210A EP1144752B1 EP 1144752 B1 EP1144752 B1 EP 1144752B1 EP 99938210 A EP99938210 A EP 99938210A EP 99938210 A EP99938210 A EP 99938210A EP 1144752 B1 EP1144752 B1 EP 1144752B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structure according
top layer
sheetlike structure
sheetlike
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99938210A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1144752A2 (en
EP1144752A3 (en
Inventor
Karin Ulrike LÖFFLER
Hansjörg MAUK
Bernhard Jung
Heinz V. Olnhausen
Siegfried Reichert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DLW AG
Original Assignee
DLW AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DLW AG filed Critical DLW AG
Publication of EP1144752A2 publication Critical patent/EP1144752A2/en
Publication of EP1144752A3 publication Critical patent/EP1144752A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1144752B1 publication Critical patent/EP1144752B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N1/00—Linoleum, e.g. linoxyn, polymerised or oxidised resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
    • Y10T442/2992—Coated or impregnated glass fiber fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674—Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flexible, multilayer sheet, which comprises at least one wear layer or cover layer contained therein arranged has at least one flat reinforcing material.
  • the invention relates to a flexible, multilayer sheet, which comprises at least one cover layer which is embedded therein at least a flat reinforcing material, preferably a nonwoven, having.
  • the reinforcement material gives the multilayer Fabric improved mechanical properties, such as tensile strength or Resilience
  • the reinforcing material leaves its function as a printable image carrier, the decorative design of such Fabrics to.
  • Flat structures based on natural and / or plastics that have a predetermined Color patterning are known and are widely used as Wall, ceiling and floor coverings as well as decorative foils or artificial veneers used.
  • patterned fabrics are based of natural and / or plastics used as flexible floor coverings.
  • Such Flat structures based on natural and / or plastics are usually manufactured by all components, e.g. polymeric binder, colorant, Fillers, additives, processing aids and other auxiliary substances premixed and via aggregates, e.g. Internal mixer, twin-screw extruder, Planetary roller extruder, plasticized and granulated. Below will be the granulate particles in compaction units, e.g.
  • CV floor coverings (cushion vinyls) are used extensively today et al because of their diverse decorative possibilities.
  • Such CV floor coverings are usually coated with PVC plastisols applied to a carrier layer and then gelled.
  • the plastisols consist of PVC particles, plasticizers, stabilizers and usual Auxiliaries and fillers that sinter into a matrix in the gelling oven.
  • the Plastisol layer can serve as a print carrier for the corresponding decorative Design or pattern the covering with a multicolor rotogravure become.
  • the possibility of partial inhibition for generation of surface structuring in the course of chemical foaming in addition to other advantageous properties for the widespread use of such Materials catered for.
  • Partial prevention of chemical expansion Foaming agent and thus the creation of a relief-like structure of the cover layer or the top coat is added by adding an inhibitor the printing inks used for color structuring.
  • an inhibitor the printing inks used for color structuring By Varying the amount of inhibitor added allows different relief depths to reach.
  • the structuring of surfaces by partial inhibition such a foaming process is only applicable in such cases in which the structure of the corresponding fabric is a foam layer provides.
  • the patterning or structuring of the surfaces of floor coverings can according to the prior art also take place in such a way that the surfaces with the help of embossing rollers. Such a procedure can be however, only apply if the coating compositions covering the covering or Form the wear layer of the corresponding fabric, not thermoset are.
  • CV floor coverings generally require a relatively large amount of cover layer material, to ensure the protection of the color design because otherwise the thin layer of paint wears out relatively quickly. Furthermore, the impression properties such CV pads are not always sufficient.
  • a variable decorative design while preserving a permanent pattern, predetermined in color and shape should allow a significant reduction in costs.
  • the patterning options should in the manufacture of such a fabric be that technically complex mixing, dosing and auxiliary processes that at conventional designs occur, should be eliminated.
  • the reinforcement material is from the group of nonwovens selected.
  • the nonwoven fabric can be a wet nonwoven fabric, a dry nonwoven fabric or a Be spunbonded.
  • the nonwoven fabric used as a reinforcing material a cellulose nonwoven.
  • the nonwoven arranged as a reinforcing material in the cover layer of the fabric according to the invention has a weight in the range from 9 to 50 g / m 2 .
  • the nonwoven fabric is printed or provided with a print.
  • Such printing can, for example a possibly colored pattern or picture.
  • the invention Nonwoven embedded or arranged in the cover layer thus acts not only as a reinforcement material, but can also be used as an image carrier his.
  • Such an image carrier can also advantageously be used in the primary color space print.
  • a flexible letterpress or an inkjet print is for printing that in the fabric according to the invention as reinforcing materials nonwovens or nonwoven layers used are particularly suitable and moreover very inexpensive. This allows a more vivid picture to be created, compared for printing in the special color space, in which the colors are only premixed Need to become.
  • nonwovens can also be decorative, for example Achieve 3D effects.
  • the thickness of the top layer of the flexible, multilayer according to the invention is preferably at least 90 ⁇ m.
  • any fabric according to the invention can be used for the production of sheets or plates, especially elastic ones Flooring is suitable.
  • Coatings are preferably selected from the group of plastisols, dispersions, organosols and lacquers for which Cover layer used.
  • plastics based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), homo- or copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated Compounds or a mixture thereof, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, optionally with one or more comonomers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers, and mixtures thereof can be used for the top layer.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
  • EDM ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers
  • block copolymers such as styrene-isoprene-styren
  • the top layer can be used.
  • a polyreaction product containing Material as a coating or coating for the Top coat can be used, the polyreaction products being available by reacting at least one di- or polycarboxylic acid or its Derivatives or a mixture thereof with at least one epoxidation product a carboxylic acid ester or a mixture of these epoxidation products and simultaneous or subsequent curing of the reaction product.
  • the UV initiators can be radical or cationic UV initiators or a mixture of these types of UV initiators.
  • Preferred examples of radical UV initiators are benzophenone, benzophenone derivatives, phosphine oxides, a -Morpholinoketone, quinone, quinone derivatives or a hydroxy ketones, or mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred examples of cationic UV initiators are triarylsulfonium salts, which are of one type or may exist as a mixture of different triarylsulfonium salts, or diaryliodonium salts, or mixtures thereof.
  • the UV initiators are present, for example, in an amount of up to 8% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the amount of the material containing the reaction products.
  • At least one photosensitizer such as Compounds based on anthracene, perylene or thioxanthen-9-one, are present, which activate the UV initiator and enhance its effect can. This allows the concentration of the UV initiator to be reduced.
  • the UV radiation used is in the generally customary range, i.e. between 200 nm and 380 nm.
  • the IR radiation used is in the usual range Range, for example 760 nm to 0.5 mm.
  • the di- or polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives preferably contain at least one double bond per molecule.
  • Acids with three or more can preferably be used as the polycarboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid groups, such as citric acid and aconitic acid, are used become.
  • anhydrides or partial esters or Derivatives that have at least one free carboxylic acid group are used become.
  • the alcohol component of the partial esters is not subject to any particular restriction, but preferably polyols such as dipropylene glycol, propanediols, Butanediols, hexanediols, hexanetriols, glycerol or pentaerythritol or a at least two of these polyols containing mixture thereof as an alcohol component be used.
  • a mixture of a partial ester from maleic anhydride and dipropylene glycol together with citric acid used as a crosslinker the proportion of citric acid up to 50 % By weight, more preferably up to 25% by weight, based on the total amount of Crosslinker.
  • the epoxidation product preferably contains more than one epoxy group per Molecule.
  • the epoxidation product of a carboxylic acid ester can preferably be epoxidized linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized castor oil, epoxidized Rapeseed oil or vernonia oil or at least two of these epoxidized products containing mixture thereof can be used.
  • Carboxylic acid esters can also be the alcohols of the partial esters defined above, such as dipropylene glycol, propanediols, butanediols, hexanediols, Hexanetriols or pentaerythritol or one containing at least two of these polyols Mixture of these are used.
  • the carboxylic acid component is subject to no particular limitation.
  • coating slips can consist of at least one further additive from, for example, fillers, pigments for design, blowing agents or foaming agents, water repellents and auxiliaries.
  • the fillers for the aforementioned coating slips are preferably wood flour, Chalk, cork flour, barium sulfate ("heavy spar"), slate flour, silica, Kaolin, quartz powder, talc, lignin, cellulose, glass, textile or glass fibers or Vegetable fibers, cellulose fibers, polyester fibers or, for example, dyed Granules or chips from the above polyreaction-containing Material or a mixture containing at least two of these substances from that.
  • Wood flour, chalk, cellulose, lignin or cork flour is particularly preferred or a mixture thereof containing at least two of these fillers as Filler.
  • the proportion of fillers, based on the total amount of the corresponding Coating composition is preferably 15 to 80 wt .-%.
  • auxiliaries for the coating slips especially those containing the polyreaction products Material can be, for example, tall oils, synthetic or natural Resins such as balsam resin, copals, hydrocarbon resins, and / or Desiccants, such as compounds of the metals Al, Li, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Zn, Zr, Ce or Co or one containing at least two of these compounds Combination thereof. If necessary, too Antioxidants, UV stabilizers and other common auxiliaries, such as Lubricants, antistatic agents or processing aids for the components to which the appropriate coating slips are made, are added. These auxiliaries are known per se in this technical field.
  • the cover layer of the invention Fabric transparent.
  • the corresponding contains Spreading compound for the top layer not more than 2% by weight of filler. Similar The "grease stain phenomenon" results in a transparent design of the top layer that an image printed on the nonwoven embedded therein is clearly visible, whereas the fiber structure of the fleece is hardly visible is still perceived.
  • the fabrics according to the invention can be used for any purpose are used, preferably as wall, ceiling, flooring, decorative film or artificial veneer. Use as a floor covering is particularly preferred.
  • the fabrics according to the invention can be applied to a carrier material become. Any material based on natural and / or synthetic foils, fabrics, scrims, nonwovens or knitted fabrics as well as textile materials be used. In particular, for flooring reinforced with beams used carrier materials are used.
  • carrier materials are used.
  • blended fabrics made from natural fibers such as cotton and rayon, Glass fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric coated with adhesion promoter, Blended fabrics made of synthetic fibers, fabrics made of core / sheath fibers with e.g. a polyester core and a polyamide sheath.
  • Adhesion promoter for glass fiber fabrics can, for example, be a coating of the Glass fibers from a styrene-butadiene latex can be used.
  • one or several flat nonwovens can be arranged.
  • This under the top layer arranged nonwovens can with respect to the in the top layer Reinforcing materials arranged or embedded nonwovens the same or be different.
  • the one located under the cover layer is preferably arranged or a nonwoven layer laminated to it is a glass fleece. Such an arrangement reinforced top layer and non-woven layer laminated to it shows particularly advantageous mechanical properties.
  • a flexible multi-layer fabric made of at least one carrier layer (I) and at least one of the above-defined cover layers (II), if appropriate a backstroke (III) arranged under the carrier layer (I) from a chemically or mechanically foamed foam layer, optionally one Compact or base coat (IV) between the base layer (I) and top layer (II) and / or between the backing layer (I) and backstroke (III), provided, the coating slips for the layers (III) and (IV) based are one of the materials described above.
  • the coating pastes for the fabric according to the invention can all be larger Contain filler quantities, preferably 10 to 60 in the compact coat % By weight, in particular 30% by weight, and in the chemical foam 20 to 65% by weight. %, preferably 35% by weight, of filler are used, while in the Masses for the mechanical foam usually only a little, preferably not more than 10% by weight, e.g. 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably not more than 5 % By weight, filler are contained. All percentages are always based on the total the coating slips, for example containing the above reaction products Material, unless otherwise specified.
  • the toppings contain relatively high proportions of additives, in particular mineral fillers from the group chalk, barium sulfate, silica, Kaolin and talc, but possibly also on wood flour, cork flour, glass flour, Cellulose, lignin, textile fibers or vegetable fibers, which are also present in a mixture can, the amount of filler in the entire floor covering up to 70 wt .-%, for foam-free coverings preferably 30 to 60% by weight and for floor coverings with chemically foamed layers, preferably 40 to 60% by weight of the entire floor covering can be.
  • additives in particular mineral fillers from the group chalk, barium sulfate, silica, Kaolin and talc, but possibly also on wood flour, cork flour, glass flour, Cellulose, lignin, textile fibers or vegetable fibers, which are also present in a mixture can, the amount of filler in the entire floor covering up to 70 wt .-%, for foam-free coverings preferably 30 to 60% by weight and for
  • the fabrics of the invention i.e. for example floor coverings or Tiles, e.g. containing the polyreaction products defined above Material for the construction of the reinforcing material Top layer (II) and the further layers (III) and (IV) are used, For example, manufactured in such a way that a combination of those defined above Di- or polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives and epoxidation products in a weight ratio of 1: 0.3 to 1: 8, in particular 1: 0.5 to 1: 3, 1: 0.6 to 1: 1.2 and 1: 1 to 1: 4, fillers and in the mass for the top coat if necessary, water repellant and the mass for a chemical Foam is a blowing agent and, if necessary, one for each foam mass Foam stabilizer mixed and processed into a paste and these pastes then processed into multi-layer floor coverings.
  • the amount of blowing agents is in the usual range up to approx. 15% by weight, with other customary auxiliaries approx., up to 15% by weight.
  • the floor coverings preferably consist of three, four or five layers, for example a simple construction from a carrier, the reinforced top layer and a protective layer, or a structure of a compact, possibly a chemical foam and a transparent, reinforced top layer and a carrier and optionally a chemically foamed backstroke, the chemical foam of course also by a mechanical Foam can be replaced or both types of foam can be present.
  • a chemically foamed layer (V) is arranged, this in a special embodiment of the invention by adding appropriate colorants, like pigments, so colored that a color decorative Background for the image or pattern on the top layer arranged nonwoven is printed, is formed.
  • the compact stroke can be colored for this purpose.
  • the foamed layer (V) can also be the preferably UV-cured, above include defined polyreaction-containing material.
  • a paste on the compact line contains a blowing agent and a kicker; this means polyols, urea, zinc, lead or cadmium compounds, ZnO is preferred, which is the decomposition temperature lower the blowing agent.
  • the paste coat will then be below the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent crosslinked, optionally an inhibitor is added. The inhibitor weakens or raises the action of the kicker completely on, so that the decomposition of the blowing agent after higher temperatures is moved.
  • Suitable substances with an inhibitory effect are e.g. benzotriazole, Trimellitic anhydride and the like.
  • this chemically foamed layer with applied relief pattern and the A protective layer (VI) made of polymers can then be applied over the top coat or copolymers or waxes are arranged.
  • This Unsaturated curable coating systems are polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof. But it can also e.g. carnauba be used.
  • the protective layer should be made compatible with the top coat (Co) polymers.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the above-mentioned fabric, which comprises applying the constituent material of the cover layer to one or more, optionally printed, flat reinforcing materials made of non-woven fabric with a weight of 9 to 50 g / m 2 that the reinforcing material is completely saturated therewith and a closed layer is formed around the reinforcing material, and then comprises solidifying this material to provide a covering layer and applying the covering layer of this type to a support.
  • the fabric according to the invention is produced, for example, by mixing the components into a paste, using coating devices applied to a web of appropriate thickness, if necessary foamed and depending on the choice of coating slips in a corresponding manner be solidified. It can also contain and contain no foaming agents Layers connected to one lane and simultaneously or in successive Steps are foamed and solidified.
  • the Cover layer under the cover layer further one or more, flat Nonwovens are arranged.
  • the above-described, reinforced top layer with one or several, flat-shaped nonwovens with respect to those in the top layer nonwovens arranged or embedded as reinforcing materials may be the same or different, combined in such a way that the cover layer is on binds the other nonwoven.
  • a coater printed or unprinted cellulose fleece with transparent PVC plastisol coated and laminated together with unprinted glass fleece Subsequently in a second step on the back of the glass fleece Back coating applied, on the front the transparent plastisol printed as a surface structure by means of screen printing and then in the channel gelled.
  • the surface can also be structured by embossing.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention with a support (I) with a base line (IV) on both sides has a back line arranged at the bottom (III), one on top Base line arranged chemical foam line (V) and one overlying top layer (II), which contains a layer of a Nonwoven fabric as a reinforcing material embedded therein.
  • Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention with a top coat structured by screen printing, the embedded therein has an optionally printed nonwoven, one on it laminated glass fleece as well as a back layer arranged under the glass fleece from a chemically or mechanically foamed foam layer.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment for the production of the fabric according to the invention, wherein in a first Working step on a coating machine a printed or unprinted cellulose fleece coated with transparent PVC plastisol and together with unprinted glass fleece is laminated.
  • FIG. 4 shows the results with regard to the tear resistance of two different ones Samples prepared as in the example below.
  • FIG. 5 shows the results regarding the tear resistance of two different ones Samples prepared as in the example below.
  • top coats based on the polyreaction products defined above Materials
  • Loflex top coats based on the polyreaction products defined above Materials
  • a thickness of 300 ⁇ m onto a 0.4 mm thick cardboard At a rehearsal additionally laminated with a 23 g cellulose fleece. Both samples were then taken cured at 180 ° C and a residence time of 6 minutes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein flexibles, mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde, welches mindestens eine Nutzschicht bzw. Deckschicht umfaßt, die darin angeordnet mindestens ein flächig ausgebildetes Verstärkungsmaterial aufweist. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein flexibles, mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde, welches mindestens eine Deckschicht umfaßt, die darin eingebettet mindestens ein flächig ausgebildetes Verstärkungsmaterial, vorzugsweise einen Vliesstoff, aufweist. Das Verstärkungsmaterial verleiht zum einen dem mehrschichtigen Flächengebilde verbesserte mechanische Eigenschaften, wie Zugfestigkeit bzw, Rückstellelastizität, zum anderen läßt das Verstärkungsmaterial in seiner Funktion als bedruckbarer Bildträger gleichzeitig die dekorative Gestaltung solcher Flächengebilde zu.The present invention relates to a flexible, multilayer sheet, which comprises at least one wear layer or cover layer contained therein arranged has at least one flat reinforcing material. In particular, the invention relates to a flexible, multilayer sheet, which comprises at least one cover layer which is embedded therein at least a flat reinforcing material, preferably a nonwoven, having. On the one hand, the reinforcement material gives the multilayer Fabric improved mechanical properties, such as tensile strength or Resilience, on the other hand, the reinforcing material leaves its function as a printable image carrier, the decorative design of such Fabrics to.

Flächengebilde auf Basis von Natur- und/oder Kunststoffen, die eine vorbestimmte Farbmusterung aufweisen, sind bekannt und werden in großem Umfang als Wand-, Decken- und Bodenbeläge sowie als Dekorfolien oder künstliche Furniere verwendet. Insbesondere werden derartige gemusterte Flächengebilde auf Basis von Natur- und/oder Kunststoffen als flexible Bodenbeläge eingesetzt. Solche Flächengebilde auf Basis von Natur- und/oder Kunststoffen werden üblicherweise hergestellt, indem alle Komponenten, wie z.B. polymeres Bindemittel, Färbemittel, Füllstoffe, Additive, Bearbeitungshilfsmittel und andere Hilfsstoffe vorgemischt und über Aggregate, wie z.B. Innenmischer, Zweiwellenextruder, Planetwalzenextruder, plastifiziert und granuliert werden. Nachfolgend werden die Granulatteilchen in Verdichtungsaggregaten, wie z.B. Kalander, Doppelbandpresse oder statische Presse, zu einer Bahn oder einer Platte verpreßt. Die eingesetzten Granulate sind üblicherweise verschiedenfarbig. Bei dieser Art von Bodenbelägen (homogene Bodenbeläge) wird somit eine Dessinierung nur über die stochastische Verteilung der verschiedenfarbigen Granulate mittels Verziehen, beispielsweise an Kalandern, oder mittels Verpressen erzielt. Solche Beläge werden demgemäß nicht bedruckt.Flat structures based on natural and / or plastics that have a predetermined Color patterning are known and are widely used as Wall, ceiling and floor coverings as well as decorative foils or artificial veneers used. In particular, such patterned fabrics are based of natural and / or plastics used as flexible floor coverings. Such Flat structures based on natural and / or plastics are usually manufactured by all components, e.g. polymeric binder, colorant, Fillers, additives, processing aids and other auxiliary substances premixed and via aggregates, e.g. Internal mixer, twin-screw extruder, Planetary roller extruder, plasticized and granulated. Below will be the granulate particles in compaction units, e.g. Calender, double belt press or static press, pressed into a sheet or plate. The Granules used are usually of different colors. With this type of Floor coverings (homogeneous floor coverings) will therefore only have a design the stochastic distribution of the different colored granules by warping, achieved on calenders, for example, or by pressing. Such toppings are therefore not printed.

CV-Bodenbeläge (Cushion Vinyls) finden heute in großem Umfang Verwendung u.a. aufgrund ihrer vielfältigen dekorativen Möglichkeiten. Zur Herstellung solcher CV-Bodenbeläge werden üblicherweise PVC-Plastisole im Streichverfahren auf eine Trägerschicht aufgebracht und anschließend geliert. Die Plastisole bestehen dabei aus PVC-Teilchen, Weichmachern, Stabilisatoren und üblichen Hilfs- und Füllstoffen, die im Gelierofen zu einer Matrix zusammensintern. Die Plastisolschicht kann dabei als Druckträger zur entsprechenden dekorativen Gestaltung bzw. Musterung des Belags mit einem Mehrfarbentiefdruck versehen werden. Insbesondere die Möglichkeit der partiellen Inhibierung zur Erzeugung von Oberflächenstrukturierungen im Zuge des chemischen Schäumens haben neben weiteren vorteilhaften Eigenschaften für die weite Verbreitung solcher Materialien gesorgt. Die partielle Verhinderung der Expansion der chemischen Schaummittel und damit die Erzeugung einer reliefartigen Struktur der Deckschicht bzw. des Deckstrichs wird dabei durch den Zusatz eines Inhibitors zu den zur farblichen Strukturierung verwendeten Druckfarben erzeugt. Durch Variation der Menge des zugesetzten Inhibitors lassen sich verschiedene Relieftiefen erreichen. Die Strukturierung von Oberflächen durch die partielle Inhibierung eines solchen Schäumvorgangs ist jedoch nur in solchen Fällen anwendbar, in denen der Aufbau des entsprechenden Flächengebildes eine Schaumschicht vorsieht.CV floor coverings (cushion vinyls) are used extensively today et al because of their diverse decorative possibilities. For the production Such CV floor coverings are usually coated with PVC plastisols applied to a carrier layer and then gelled. The plastisols consist of PVC particles, plasticizers, stabilizers and usual Auxiliaries and fillers that sinter into a matrix in the gelling oven. The Plastisol layer can serve as a print carrier for the corresponding decorative Design or pattern the covering with a multicolor rotogravure become. In particular, the possibility of partial inhibition for generation of surface structuring in the course of chemical foaming in addition to other advantageous properties for the widespread use of such Materials catered for. Partial prevention of chemical expansion Foaming agent and thus the creation of a relief-like structure of the cover layer or the top coat is added by adding an inhibitor the printing inks used for color structuring. By Varying the amount of inhibitor added allows different relief depths to reach. The structuring of surfaces by partial inhibition such a foaming process is only applicable in such cases in which the structure of the corresponding fabric is a foam layer provides.

Die Musterung bzw. Strukturierung der Oberflächen von Bodenbelägen kann gemäß dem Stand der Technik auch in der Weise erfolgen, daß die Oberflächen mit Hilfe von Prägewalzen geprägt werden. Ein solches Verfahren läßt sich jedoch nur anwenden, wenn die Beschichtungsmassen, welche die Deck- bzw. Nutzschicht des entsprechenden Flächengebildes bilden, nicht duroplastisch sind.The patterning or structuring of the surfaces of floor coverings can according to the prior art also take place in such a way that the surfaces with the help of embossing rollers. Such a procedure can be however, only apply if the coating compositions covering the covering or Form the wear layer of the corresponding fabric, not thermoset are.

Die CV-Bodenbeläge erfordern in der Regel jedoch relativ viel Deckschichtmaterial, um den Schutz der farblichen Gestaltung zu gewährleisten, da sich ansonsten die dünne Farbschicht relativ schnell abnutzt. Ferner sind die Eindruckeigenschaften solcher CV-Beläge nicht immer ausreichend.However, the CV floor coverings generally require a relatively large amount of cover layer material, to ensure the protection of the color design because otherwise the thin layer of paint wears out relatively quickly. Furthermore, the impression properties such CV pads are not always sufficient.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein flexibles, mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde bereitzustellen, das zum einen ausgezeichnete Materialeigenschaften, wie mechanische Zugfestigkeit bzw. Rückstellelastizität, aufweisen soll und zum anderen gleichzeitig eine variable dekorative Gestaltung unter Erhalten einer dauerhaften, in Farb- und Formgebung vorbestimmten Musterung bei deutlicher Reduzierung der Kosten zulassen soll. Insbesondere sollen die Musterungsmöglichkeiten bei der Herstellung eines solchen Flächengebildes derart sein, daß technisch aufwendige Misch-, Dosier- und Hilfsprozesse, die bei herkömmlichen Gestaltungsweisen auftreten, entfallen sollen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to be a flexible, multi-layer To provide fabrics that on the one hand have excellent material properties, such as mechanical tensile strength or resilience and on the other hand a variable decorative design while preserving a permanent pattern, predetermined in color and shape should allow a significant reduction in costs. In particular, the patterning options should in the manufacture of such a fabric be that technically complex mixing, dosing and auxiliary processes that at conventional designs occur, should be eliminated.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichneten Ausführungsformen gelöst. Insbesondere wird ein flexibles, mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde bereitgestellt, welches mindestens eine Deckschicht umfaßt, die darin angeordnet mindestens ein flächig ausgebildetes Verstärkungsmaterial aufweist. Unter dem Ausdruck, daß die Deckschicht darin angeordnet mindestens ein flächig ausgebildetes Verstärkungsmaterial aufweist, ist u.a. zu verstehen, daß in der Deckschicht im wesentlichen über die gesamte Fläche eine Lage des Verstärkungsmaterials eingebettet ist bzw, daß das Verstärkungsmaterial vollständig von den die Deckschicht konstituierenden Streichmassen bzw. polymeren Bindemitteln umgeben ist, so daß eine geschlossene Schicht um das Verstärkungsmaterial gebildet wird. Das Verstärkungsmaterial kann dabei in jeder Höhe der Deckschicht angeordnet sein, vorausgesetzt, es ist vollständig von der die Deckschicht konstituierenden Streichmasse umgeben bzw. durchtränkt.This object is achieved by the embodiments characterized in the claims solved. In particular, it becomes a flexible, multi-layer fabric provided which comprises at least one cover layer contained therein arranged has at least one flat reinforcing material. Under the expression that the top layer arranged therein at least one has flat reinforcement material is, among other things. to understand that in the top layer essentially over the entire area a layer of Reinforcement material is embedded or that the reinforcement material is complete of the coating compositions or polymers constituting the top layer Binder is surrounded so that a closed layer around the reinforcing material is formed. The reinforcing material can be in any Height of the top layer may be arranged, provided it is completely of the surround or impregnate the coating composition constituting the top layer.

Das Verstärkungsmaterial ist aus der Gruppe der Vliesstoffe ausgewählt. Der Vliesstoff kann ein Naßvliesstoff, ein Trockenvliesstoff oder ein Spinnvliesstoff sein. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der als Verstärkungsmaterial eingesetzte Vliesstoff ein Zellstoffvlies. The reinforcement material is from the group of nonwovens selected. The nonwoven fabric can be a wet nonwoven fabric, a dry nonwoven fabric or a Be spunbonded. In a preferred embodiment of the present Invention is the nonwoven fabric used as a reinforcing material a cellulose nonwoven.

Der als Verstärkungsmaterial in der Deckschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes angeordnete Vliesstoff weist ein Gewicht im Bereich von 9 bis 50 g/m2 auf.The nonwoven arranged as a reinforcing material in the cover layer of the fabric according to the invention has a weight in the range from 9 to 50 g / m 2 .

In einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Vliesstoff bedruckt bzw. mit einer Bedruckung versehen. Eine solche Bedruckung kann beispielsweise ein gegebenenfalls farbiges Muster oder Bild sein. Der erfindungsgemäß in die Deckschicht eingebettete bzw. darin angeordnete Vliesstoff wirkt somit nicht nur als Verstärkungsmaterial, sondern kann gleichzeitig auch Bildträger sein. Ein solcher Bildträger läßt sich darüberhinaus vorteilhaft im Primärfarbraum bedrucken. Ein flexibler Hochdruck oder ein Tintenspritzdruck ist für die Bedrukkung der im erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebilde als Verstärkungsmaterialien eingesetzten Vliessstoffe bzw. Vlieslagen besonders geeignet und darüberhinaus sehr kostengünstig. Dadurch läßt sich ein lebendigeres Bild erzeugen, verglichen zu einer Bedruckung im Sonderfarbraum, worin die Farben erst vorgemischt werden müssen. Bei Verwendung mehrerer bedruckter Lagen der vorstehenden Vliesstoffe lassen sich bei geeigneter Abstimmung beispielsweise auch dekorative 3D-Effekte erzielen.In one embodiment of the present invention, the nonwoven fabric is printed or provided with a print. Such printing can, for example a possibly colored pattern or picture. The invention Nonwoven embedded or arranged in the cover layer thus acts not only as a reinforcement material, but can also be used as an image carrier his. Such an image carrier can also advantageously be used in the primary color space print. A flexible letterpress or an inkjet print is for printing that in the fabric according to the invention as reinforcing materials nonwovens or nonwoven layers used are particularly suitable and moreover very inexpensive. This allows a more vivid picture to be created, compared for printing in the special color space, in which the colors are only premixed Need to become. When using several printed layers of the above With suitable coordination, nonwovens can also be decorative, for example Achieve 3D effects.

Die Dicke der Deckschicht des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen, mehrschichtigen Flächengebildes beträgt vorzugsweise mindestens 90 µm.The thickness of the top layer of the flexible, multilayer according to the invention The fabric is preferably at least 90 µm.

Als polymeres Bindemittel bzw. Streichmasse für die Deckschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes kann jedes Material verwendet werden, das für die Herstellung von Bahnen oder Platten, insbesondere von elastischen Bodenbelägen geeignet ist. Vorzugsweise werden Streichmassen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Plastisole, Dispersionen, Organosole und Lacke, für die Deckschicht verwendet.As a polymeric binder or coating slip for the top layer of the Any fabric according to the invention can be used for the production of sheets or plates, especially elastic ones Flooring is suitable. Coatings are preferably selected from the group of plastisols, dispersions, organosols and lacquers for which Cover layer used.

Beispielsweise können Kunststoffe auf Basis von Polyvinylchlorid (PVC), Ethylenvinylacetat-Copolymer (EVA), Homo- oder Copolymere von ethylenisch ungesättigten Verbindungen oder einem Gemisch davon, wie Polyethylen, Polypropylen, ggf. mit einem oder mehreren Comonomeren, Ethylen-Alkylacrylat-Copolymere, und Gemische davon für die Deckschicht eingesetzt werden. Weiterhin können Terpolymere, wie Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Mischpolymere (EPDM), Blockcopolymere, wie Styrol-Isopren-Styrol (SIS) und Styrol-Butadien-Styrol (SBS), verwendet werden. Von den vorgenannten Bindemitteln ist PVC bevorzugt.For example, plastics based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), homo- or copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated Compounds or a mixture thereof, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, optionally with one or more comonomers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers, and mixtures thereof can be used for the top layer. Can continue Terpolymers, such as ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers (EPDM), block copolymers, such as styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) become. PVC is preferred among the abovementioned binders.

Als Streichmassen können auch solche auf Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe für die Deckschicht eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere kann ein Polyreaktionsprodukte-enthaltendes Material als Beschichtungs- bzw. Streichmasse für den Deckstrich verwendet werden, wobei die Polyreaktionsprodukte erhältlich sind durch Umsetzung von mindestens einer Di- oder Polycarbonsäure oder deren Derivaten oder einem Gemisch davon mit mindestens einem Epoxidierungsprodukt eines Carbonsäureesters oder einem Gemisch dieser Epoxidierungsprodukte und gleichzeitiger oder anschließender Härtung des Umsetzungsprodukts.As coating slips, those based on renewable raw materials can also be used the top layer can be used. In particular, a polyreaction product containing Material as a coating or coating for the Top coat can be used, the polyreaction products being available by reacting at least one di- or polycarboxylic acid or its Derivatives or a mixture thereof with at least one epoxidation product a carboxylic acid ester or a mixture of these epoxidation products and simultaneous or subsequent curing of the reaction product.

Die Umsetzung und/oder Härtung dieser Umsetzungsprodukte erfolgt dabei im wesentlichen mit

  • (a) UV-Strahlung in Gegenwart von mindestens einem UV-Initiator und/oder
  • (b) Elektronenstrahlung gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart von mindestens einem UV-Initiator und/oder
  • (c) IR-Strahlung und/oder
  • (d) thermisch.
    • The implementation and / or curing of these reaction products essentially takes place with
  • (a) UV radiation in the presence of at least one UV initiator and / or
  • (b) electron radiation, if appropriate in the presence of at least one UV initiator and / or
  • (c) IR radiation and / or
  • (d) thermal.

    • Die UV-Initiatoren können radikalische oder kationische UV-Initiatoren oder ein Gemisch dieser UV-Initiatortypen sein. Bevorzugte Beispiele radikalischer UV-Initiatoren sind Benzophenon, Benzophenon-Derivate, Phosphinoxide, a-Morpholinoketone, Chinon, Chinon-Derivate oder a-Hydroxyketone, oder Gemische davon. Bevorzugte Beispiele kationischer UV-Initiatoren sind Triarylsulfoniumsalze, die von einem Typ sind oder als Gemisch verschiedener Triarylsulfoniumsalze vorliegen können, oder Diaryliodoniumsalze, oder Gemische davon. Die UV-Initiatoren liegen beispielsweise in einer Menge von bis zu 8 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Menge des Reaktionsprodukte-enthaltenden Materials, vor. The UV initiators can be radical or cationic UV initiators or a mixture of these types of UV initiators. Preferred examples of radical UV initiators are benzophenone, benzophenone derivatives, phosphine oxides, a -Morpholinoketone, quinone, quinone derivatives or a hydroxy ketones, or mixtures thereof. Preferred examples of cationic UV initiators are triarylsulfonium salts, which are of one type or may exist as a mixture of different triarylsulfonium salts, or diaryliodonium salts, or mixtures thereof. The UV initiators are present, for example, in an amount of up to 8% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the amount of the material containing the reaction products.

    Neben dem UV-Initiator kann mindestens ein Photosensibilisator, wie beispielsweise Verbindungen auf der Basis von Anthracen, Perylen oder Thioxanthen-9-on, vorliegen, welcher den UV-Initiator aktivieren und dessen Wirkung verstärken kann. Dadurch kann die Konzentration des UV-Initiators reduziert werden. Die eingesetzte UV-Strahlung liegt in dem allgemein üblichen Bereich, d.h. zwischen 200 nm und 380 nm. Die eingesetzte IR-Strahlung liegt in dem allgemein üblichen Bereich, beispielsweise 760 nm bis 0,5 mm.In addition to the UV initiator, at least one photosensitizer, such as Compounds based on anthracene, perylene or thioxanthen-9-one, are present, which activate the UV initiator and enhance its effect can. This allows the concentration of the UV initiator to be reduced. The UV radiation used is in the generally customary range, i.e. between 200 nm and 380 nm. The IR radiation used is in the usual range Range, for example 760 nm to 0.5 mm.

    Vorzugsweise enthalten die Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren bzw. deren Derivate mindestens eine Doppelbindung pro Molekül.The di- or polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives preferably contain at least one double bond per molecule.

    Als Dicarbonsäure können vorzugsweise Maleinsäure, Itaconsäure, Fumarsäure, Bernsteinsäure, Methylbernsteinsäure, Äpfelsäure oder Furandicarbonsäure oder ein mindestens zwei dieser Säuren enthaltendes Gemisch davon verwendet werden. Als Polycarbonsäure können vorzugsweise Säuren mit drei oder mehr Carbonsäuregruppen, wie beispielsweise Citronensäure und Aconitsäure, eingesetzt werden.Maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, Succinic acid, methyl succinic acid, malic acid or furandicarboxylic acid or a mixture thereof containing at least two of these acids is used become. Acids with three or more can preferably be used as the polycarboxylic acid Carboxylic acid groups, such as citric acid and aconitic acid, are used become.

    Als Derivate der Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren können Anhydride oder Teilester oder Derivate, die mindestens eine freie Carbonsäuregruppe aufweisen, eingesetzt werden. Die Alkohol-Komponente der Teilester unterliegt keiner besonderen Beschränkung, wobei jedoch vorzugsweise Polyole wie Dipropylenglykol, Propandiole, Butandiole, Hexandiole, Hexantriole, Glycerin oder Pentaerythrit oder ein mindestens zwei dieser Polyole enthaltendes Gemisch davon als Alkohol-Komponente eingesetzt werden.As derivatives of di- or polycarboxylic acids, anhydrides or partial esters or Derivatives that have at least one free carboxylic acid group are used become. The alcohol component of the partial esters is not subject to any particular restriction, but preferably polyols such as dipropylene glycol, propanediols, Butanediols, hexanediols, hexanetriols, glycerol or pentaerythritol or a at least two of these polyols containing mixture thereof as an alcohol component be used.

    In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird ein Gemisch eines Teilesters aus Maleinsäureanhydrid und Dipropylenglykol zusammen mit Citronensäure als Vernetzer eingesetzt, wobei der Anteil der Citronensäure bis zu 50 Gew.-%, mehr bevorzugt bis zu 25 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des Vernetzers, beträgt.In a particularly preferred embodiment, a mixture of a partial ester from maleic anhydride and dipropylene glycol together with citric acid used as a crosslinker, the proportion of citric acid up to 50 % By weight, more preferably up to 25% by weight, based on the total amount of Crosslinker.

    Das Epoxidierungsprodukt enthält vorzugsweise mehr als eine Epoxygruppe pro Molekül. Als Epoxidierungsprodukt eines Carbonsäureesters kann vorzugsweise epoxidiertes Leinöl, epoxidiertes Sojaöl, epoxidiertes Rizinusöl, epoxidiertes Rapsöl oder Vernoniaöl oder ein mindestens zwei dieser epoxidierten Produkte enthaltendes Gemisch davon verwendet werden. Als Alkohol-Komponente dieser Carbonsäureester können auch die vorstehend definierten Alkohole der Teilester, wie beispielsweise Dipropylenglykol, Propandiole, Butandiole, Hexandiole, Hexantriole oder Pentaerythrit oder ein mindestens zwei dieser Polyole enthaltendes Gemisch davon eingesetzt werden. Die Carbonsäure-Komponente unterliegt keiner besonderen Beschränkung.The epoxidation product preferably contains more than one epoxy group per Molecule. The epoxidation product of a carboxylic acid ester can preferably be epoxidized linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized castor oil, epoxidized Rapeseed oil or vernonia oil or at least two of these epoxidized products containing mixture thereof can be used. As an alcohol component of this Carboxylic acid esters can also be the alcohols of the partial esters defined above, such as dipropylene glycol, propanediols, butanediols, hexanediols, Hexanetriols or pentaerythritol or one containing at least two of these polyols Mixture of these are used. The carboxylic acid component is subject to no particular limitation.

    Ferner können die Streichmassen mindestens einen weiteren Zusatzstoff, bestehend aus beispielsweise Füllstoffen, Pigmenten zur Dessinierung, Treibmitteln bzw. Schäumungsmitteln, Hydrophobierungsmitteln und Hilfsstoffen, enthalten.Furthermore, the coating slips can consist of at least one further additive from, for example, fillers, pigments for design, blowing agents or foaming agents, water repellents and auxiliaries.

    Die Füllstoffe für die vorgenannten Streichmassen sind vorzugsweise Holzmehl, Kreide, Korkmehl, Bariumsulfat ("Schwerspat"), Schiefermehl, Kieselsäure, Kaolin, Quarzmehl, Talkum, Lignin, Cellulose, Glas, Textil- oder Glasfasern oder Pflanzenfasern, Cellulosefasern, Polyesterfasern oder beispielsweise gefärbte Granulate bzw. Chips aus dem vorstehenden Polyreaktionsprodukte-enthaltendem Material oder ein mindestens zwei dieser Stoffe enthaltendes Gemisch davon. Besonders bevorzugt ist Holzmehl, Kreide, Cellulose, Lignin oder Korkmehl oder ein mindestens zwei dieser Füllstoffe enthaltendes Gemisch davon als Füllstoff. Der Anteil der Füllstoffe, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der entsprechenden Beschichtungsmasse, beträgt vorzugsweise 15 bis 80 Gew.-%.The fillers for the aforementioned coating slips are preferably wood flour, Chalk, cork flour, barium sulfate ("heavy spar"), slate flour, silica, Kaolin, quartz powder, talc, lignin, cellulose, glass, textile or glass fibers or Vegetable fibers, cellulose fibers, polyester fibers or, for example, dyed Granules or chips from the above polyreaction-containing Material or a mixture containing at least two of these substances from that. Wood flour, chalk, cellulose, lignin or cork flour is particularly preferred or a mixture thereof containing at least two of these fillers as Filler. The proportion of fillers, based on the total amount of the corresponding Coating composition, is preferably 15 to 80 wt .-%.

    Als Hilfsstoffe für die Streichmassen, insbesondere das Polyreaktionsprodukte-enthaltende Material können beispielsweise Tallöle, synthetische oder natürliche Harze, wie beispielsweise Balsamharz, Kopale, Kohlenwasserstoffharze, und/oder Sikkative, wie beispielsweise Verbindungen der Metalle Al, Li, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Zn, Zr, Ce oder Co oder eine mindestens zwei dieser Verbindungen enthaltende Kombination davon, verwendet werden. Gegebenenfalls können auch Antioxidantien, UV-Stabilisatoren sowie weitere übliche Hilfsstoffe, wie z.B. Gleitmittel, Antistatika oder Verarbeitungshilfsmittel zu den Komponenten, aus denen die entsprechenden Streichmassen hergestellt werden, zugesetzt werden. Diese Hilfsstoffe sind in diesem technischen Gebiet an sich bekannt.As auxiliaries for the coating slips, especially those containing the polyreaction products Material can be, for example, tall oils, synthetic or natural Resins such as balsam resin, copals, hydrocarbon resins, and / or Desiccants, such as compounds of the metals Al, Li, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Zn, Zr, Ce or Co or one containing at least two of these compounds Combination thereof. If necessary, too Antioxidants, UV stabilizers and other common auxiliaries, such as Lubricants, antistatic agents or processing aids for the components to which the appropriate coating slips are made, are added. These auxiliaries are known per se in this technical field.

    In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Deckschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes transparent. In diesem Fall enthält die entsprechende Streichmasse für die Deckschicht nicht mehr als 2 Gew.-% Füllstoff. Ähnlich dem "Fettfleckphänomen" führt eine transparente Ausgestaltung der Deckschicht dazu, daß ein auf dem darin eingebetteten Vliesstoff aufgedrucktes Bild deutlich sichtbar wird, wohingegen die Faserstruktur des Vlieses optisch kaum noch wahrgenommen wird.In a preferred embodiment, the cover layer of the invention Fabric transparent. In this case, the corresponding contains Spreading compound for the top layer not more than 2% by weight of filler. Similar The "grease stain phenomenon" results in a transparent design of the top layer that an image printed on the nonwoven embedded therein is clearly visible, whereas the fiber structure of the fleece is hardly visible is still perceived.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebilde können für jeglichen Verwendungszweck eingesetzt werden, vorzugsweise als Wand-, Decken-, Bodenbelag, Dekorfolie oder künstliches Furnier. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung als Bodenbelag.The fabrics according to the invention can be used for any purpose are used, preferably as wall, ceiling, flooring, decorative film or artificial veneer. Use as a floor covering is particularly preferred.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebilde können auf ein Trägermaterial aufgebracht werden. Als Träger kann jegliches Material auf Basis natürlicher und/oder synthetischer Folien, Gewebe, Gelege, Vliese oder Gewirke sowie textiler Werkstoffe eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere können die für Träger-verstärkte Bodenbeläge verwendeten Trägermaterialien eingesetzt werden. Als Beispiele seien Jutegewebe, Mischgewebe aus natürlichen Fasern, wie Baumwolle und Zellwolle, Glasfasergewebe, mit Haftvermittler beschichtetes Glasfasergewebe, Mischgewebe aus Synthesefasern, Gewebe aus Kern/Mantelfasern mit z.B. einem Kern aus Polyester und einer Ummantelung aus Polyamid, genannt. Als Haftvermittler für Glasfasergewebe kann beispielsweise eine Beschichtung der Glasfasern aus einem Styrol-Butadien-Latex verwendet werden. Grundsätzlich kommen jedoch als Träger für die Flächengebilde alle für diesen Zweck geeigneten Materialien in Frage, z. B. Hartfaserplatten, HDF-, MDF- und LDF-Platten (d. h. Span- bzw. Faserplatten mit hoher, mittlerer oder niedriger Verdichtung), anorganische Platten (z. B. Gipskartonplatten) etc..The fabrics according to the invention can be applied to a carrier material become. Any material based on natural and / or synthetic foils, fabrics, scrims, nonwovens or knitted fabrics as well as textile materials be used. In particular, for flooring reinforced with beams used carrier materials are used. As examples Jute fabrics, blended fabrics made from natural fibers such as cotton and rayon, Glass fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric coated with adhesion promoter, Blended fabrics made of synthetic fibers, fabrics made of core / sheath fibers with e.g. a polyester core and a polyamide sheath. As Adhesion promoter for glass fiber fabrics can, for example, be a coating of the Glass fibers from a styrene-butadiene latex can be used. in principle however, all suitable for this purpose come as supports for the flat structures Materials in question, e.g. B. hardboard, HDF, MDF and LDF boards (i.e. chipboard or fiberboard with high, medium or low compression), inorganic panels (e.g. plasterboard) etc.

    In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform können unter der Deckschicht ein oder mehrere flächig ausgebildete Vliesstoffe angeordnet sein. Diese unter der Deckschicht angeordneten Vliesstoffe können bezüglich der in der Deckschicht als Verstärkungsmaterialien angeordneten bzw. eingebetteten Vliesstoffe gleich oder unterschiedlich sein. Vorzugsweise ist die unter der Deckschicht angeordnete bzw. daran ankaschierte Vliesstofflage ein Glasvlies. Eine solche Anordnung aus verstärkter Deckschicht und daran ankaschierter Vliesstofflage weist besonders vorteilhafte mechanische Eigenschaften auf.In a preferred embodiment, one or several flat nonwovens can be arranged. This under the top layer arranged nonwovens can with respect to the in the top layer Reinforcing materials arranged or embedded nonwovens the same or be different. The one located under the cover layer is preferably arranged or a nonwoven layer laminated to it is a glass fleece. Such an arrangement reinforced top layer and non-woven layer laminated to it shows particularly advantageous mechanical properties.

    In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein flexibles mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde aus mindestens einer Trägerschicht (I) und mindestens einer vorgenannt definierten Deckschicht (II), gegebenenfalls einem unter der Trägerschicht (I) angeordneten Rückenstrich (III) aus einer chemisch oder mechanisch geschäumten Schaumschicht, gegebenenfalls einem Kompakt- oder Grundstrich (IV), der zwischen Trägerschicht (I) und Deckschicht (II) und/oder zwischen Trägerschicht (I) und Rückenstrich (III) angeordnet ist, bereitgestellt, wobei die Streichmassen für die Schichten (III) und (IV) auf Basis eines der vorgenannt beschriebenen Materialien sind.In another preferred embodiment of the present invention a flexible multi-layer fabric made of at least one carrier layer (I) and at least one of the above-defined cover layers (II), if appropriate a backstroke (III) arranged under the carrier layer (I) from a chemically or mechanically foamed foam layer, optionally one Compact or base coat (IV) between the base layer (I) and top layer (II) and / or between the backing layer (I) and backstroke (III), provided, the coating slips for the layers (III) and (IV) based are one of the materials described above.

    Die Streichpasten für das erfindungsgemäße Flächengebilde können alle größere Füllstoffmengen enthalten, wobei im Kompaktstrich vorzugsweise 10 bis 60 Gew.%, insbesondere 30 Gew.%, und im chemischen Schaum 20 bis 65 Gew. %, vorzugsweise 35 Gew.%, Füllstoff eingesetzt werden, während in den Massen für den mechanischen Schaum meist nur wenig, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 10 Gew.%, z.B. 1 bis 10 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter nicht mehr als 5 Gew.%, Füllstoff enthalten sind. Alle %-Angaben sind immer auf die Gesamtmenge der Streichmassen, beispielsweise das vorstehende Reaktionsprodukteenthaltende Material, bezogen, wenn nichts anderes angegeben ist.The coating pastes for the fabric according to the invention can all be larger Contain filler quantities, preferably 10 to 60 in the compact coat % By weight, in particular 30% by weight, and in the chemical foam 20 to 65% by weight. %, preferably 35% by weight, of filler are used, while in the Masses for the mechanical foam usually only a little, preferably not more than 10% by weight, e.g. 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably not more than 5 % By weight, filler are contained. All percentages are always based on the total the coating slips, for example containing the above reaction products Material, unless otherwise specified.

    Die Beläge enthalten verhältnismäßig hohe Anteile an Zusatzstoffen, insbesondere mineralischen Füllstoffen aus der Gruppe Kreide, Bariumsulfat, Kieselsäure, Kaolin und Talkum, jedoch ggf. auch an Holzmehl, Korkmehl, Glasmehl, Cellulose, Lignin, Textilfasern oder Pflanzenfasern, die auch im Gemisch vorliegen können, wobei die Füllstoffmenge im gesamten Bodenbelag bis zu 70 Gew.-%, bei schaumfreien Belägen vorzugsweise 30 bis 60 Gew.-% und bei Bodenbelägen mit chemisch geschäumten Schichten vorzugsweise 40 bis 60 Gew.-% des gesamten Bodenbelages betragen kann.The toppings contain relatively high proportions of additives, in particular mineral fillers from the group chalk, barium sulfate, silica, Kaolin and talc, but possibly also on wood flour, cork flour, glass flour, Cellulose, lignin, textile fibers or vegetable fibers, which are also present in a mixture can, the amount of filler in the entire floor covering up to 70 wt .-%, for foam-free coverings preferably 30 to 60% by weight and for floor coverings with chemically foamed layers, preferably 40 to 60% by weight of the entire floor covering can be.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebilde, d.h. beispielsweise Bodenbeläge oder Fliesen, werden, wenn z.B. das vorstehend definierte Polyreaktionsprodukte-enthaltende Material zum Aufbau der das Verstärkungsmaterial umfassenden Deckschicht (II) sowie der weiteren Schichten (III) und (IV) verwendet wird, beispielsweise derart hergestellt, daß eine Kombination der vorstehend definierten Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren bzw. deren Derivate und Epoxidierungsprodukte im Gewichtsverhältnis von 1:0,3 bis 1:8, insbesondere 1:0,5 bis 1:3, 1:0,6 bis 1:1,2 sowie 1:1 bis 1:4, Füllstoffe und bei der Masse für den Deckstrich ggf. Hydrophobierungsmittel und bei der Masse für einen chemischen Schaum ein Treibmittel und gegebenenfalls für jede Schaummasse einen Schaumstabilisator vermischt und zu einer Paste verarbeitet und diese Pasten dann zu mehrschichtigen Bodenbelägen verarbeitet werden.The fabrics of the invention, i.e. for example floor coverings or Tiles, e.g. containing the polyreaction products defined above Material for the construction of the reinforcing material Top layer (II) and the further layers (III) and (IV) are used, For example, manufactured in such a way that a combination of those defined above Di- or polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives and epoxidation products in a weight ratio of 1: 0.3 to 1: 8, in particular 1: 0.5 to 1: 3, 1: 0.6 to 1: 1.2 and 1: 1 to 1: 4, fillers and in the mass for the top coat if necessary, water repellant and the mass for a chemical Foam is a blowing agent and, if necessary, one for each foam mass Foam stabilizer mixed and processed into a paste and these pastes then processed into multi-layer floor coverings.

    Bei Massen für chemisch geschäumte Schichten liegt die Menge an Treibmittelstoffen im üblichen Bereich bis zu ca. 15 Gew.-%, wobei sonstige übliche Hilfsstoffe ca, bis zu 15 Gew.-% betragen können.In the case of compositions for chemically foamed layers, the amount of blowing agents is in the usual range up to approx. 15% by weight, with other customary auxiliaries approx., up to 15% by weight.

    Vorzugsweise bestehen die Bodenbeläge aus drei, vier oder fünf Lagen, beispielsweise einem einfachen Aufbau aus einem Träger, der verstärkten Deckschicht und einer Schutzschicht, oder einem Aufbau aus einem Kompakt-, evtl. einem chemischen Schaum- und einer transparenten, verstärkten Deckschicht und einem Träger- und gegebenenfalls einem chemisch geschäumten Rückenstrich, wobei der chemische Schaum natürlich auch durch einen mechanischen Schaum ersetzt sein kann oder beide Sorten von Schaum vorliegen können. Falls zwischen dem Kompaktstrich und der verstärkten transparenten Deckschicht eine chemisch geschäumte Schicht (V) angeordnet wird, kann diese in einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung durch Zusatz entsprechender Färbemittel, wie Pigmente, derart farblich gestaltet sein, daß ein farblich dekorativer Hintergrund für das Bild bzw. Muster, welches auf den in der Deckschicht angeordneten Vliesstoff aufgedruckt ist, gebildet wird. Selbstverständlich kann aber auch der Kompaktstrich für diesen Zweck farblich gestaltet sein. Die geschäumte Schicht (V) kann auch das vorzugsweise UV-gehärtete, vorstehend definierte Polyreaktionsprodukte-enthaltende Material umfassen. Dazu trägt man auf dem Kompaktstrich eine Paste auf. Diese Paste enthält ein Treibmittel und einen Kicker; darunter versteht man Polyole, Harnstoff, Zink-, Blei- oder Cadmiumverbindungen, wobei ZnO bevorzugt ist, welche die Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels erniedrigen. Der Pastenstrich wird dann unterhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels vernetzt, wobei gegebenenfalls ein Inhibitor zugesetzt wird. Der Inhibitor schwächt die Wirkung des Kickers oder hebt sie ganz auf, so daß die Zersetzung des Treibmittels nach höheren Temperaturen verschoben wird. Geeignete Substanzen mit Inhibitorwirkung sind z.B. Benzotriazolderivate, Trimellithsäureanhydrid und dergleichen. Durch Variation der Menge des zugesetzten Inhibitors lassen sich verschiedene Relieftiefen erreichen. Über dieser chemisch geschäumten Schicht mit aufgebrachtem Reliefmuster und dem darüberliegenden Deckstrich kann dann eine Schutzschicht (VI) aus Polymeren bzw. Copolymerisaten oder Wachsen angeordnet werden. Beispiele für diese ungesättigten härtbaren Lacksysteme sind Polyacrylate, Polymethacrylate, Polyurethane und Mischungen derselben. Es kann aber auch z.B. Carnaubawachs eingesetzt werden. Die Schutzschicht sollte aus mit dem Deckstrich verträglichen (Co)Polymeren hergestellt sein.The floor coverings preferably consist of three, four or five layers, for example a simple construction from a carrier, the reinforced top layer and a protective layer, or a structure of a compact, possibly a chemical foam and a transparent, reinforced top layer and a carrier and optionally a chemically foamed backstroke, the chemical foam of course also by a mechanical Foam can be replaced or both types of foam can be present. If between the compact line and the reinforced transparent top layer a chemically foamed layer (V) is arranged, this in a special embodiment of the invention by adding appropriate colorants, like pigments, so colored that a color decorative Background for the image or pattern on the top layer arranged nonwoven is printed, is formed. Of course you can but also the compact stroke can be colored for this purpose. The foamed layer (V) can also be the preferably UV-cured, above include defined polyreaction-containing material. To do this a paste on the compact line. This paste contains a blowing agent and a kicker; this means polyols, urea, zinc, lead or cadmium compounds, ZnO is preferred, which is the decomposition temperature lower the blowing agent. The paste coat will then be below the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent crosslinked, optionally an inhibitor is added. The inhibitor weakens or raises the action of the kicker completely on, so that the decomposition of the blowing agent after higher temperatures is moved. Suitable substances with an inhibitory effect are e.g. benzotriazole, Trimellitic anhydride and the like. By varying the amount of the added inhibitor, different relief depths can be achieved. about this chemically foamed layer with applied relief pattern and the A protective layer (VI) made of polymers can then be applied over the top coat or copolymers or waxes are arranged. Examples of this Unsaturated curable coating systems are polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof. But it can also e.g. carnauba be used. The protective layer should be made compatible with the top coat (Co) polymers.

    Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des vorstehend aufgeführten Flächengebildes, welches das Aufbringen des die Deckschicht konstituierenden Materials auf eine oder mehrere, gegebenenfalls bedruckte, flächig ausgebildete aus Vliesstoff mit einem Gewicht von 9 bis 50g/m2 bestehende Verstärkungsmaterialien, derart, daß das Verstärkungsmaterial damit völlig durchtränkt wird und eine geschlossene Schicht um das Verstärkungsmaterial gebildet wird, und anschließend das Verfestigen dieses Materials zur Bereitstellung einer Deckschicht und das Aufbringen der derartigen Deckschicht auf einen Träger umfaßt.Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the above-mentioned fabric, which comprises applying the constituent material of the cover layer to one or more, optionally printed, flat reinforcing materials made of non-woven fabric with a weight of 9 to 50 g / m 2 that the reinforcing material is completely saturated therewith and a closed layer is formed around the reinforcing material, and then comprises solidifying this material to provide a covering layer and applying the covering layer of this type to a support.

    Es handelt sich insbesondere um ein kontinuierliches Verfahren, welches ähnlich der CV-Herstellung nacheinander mit unterschiedlichen Pasten einen Gesamtaufbau eines Bodenbelages beschreibt. Ein solches Verfahren kann auch, wie schon erwähnt, neben dem Einbringen des Verstärkungsmaterials in die Deckschicht die Schäumung, insbesondere die chemische Schäumung umfassen.It is in particular a continuous process, which is similar the CV production one after the other with different pastes an overall structure describes a floor covering. Such a procedure can also, like already mentioned, in addition to introducing the reinforcing material into the cover layer the foaming, in particular the chemical foaming.

    Die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes erfolgt zum Beispiel, indem die Komponenten zu einer Paste vermischt, mittels Beschichtungsvorrichtungen auf eine Bahn in entsprechender Dicke aufgetragen, gegebenenfalls aufgeschäumt und je nach Wahl der Streichmassen in entsprechender Weise verfestigt werden. Es können auch schaummittelhaltige und schaummittelfreie Schichten zu einer Bahn verbunden und gleichzeitig oder in aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten aufgeschäumt und verfestigt werden.The fabric according to the invention is produced, for example, by mixing the components into a paste, using coating devices applied to a web of appropriate thickness, if necessary foamed and depending on the choice of coating slips in a corresponding manner be solidified. It can also contain and contain no foaming agents Layers connected to one lane and simultaneously or in successive Steps are foamed and solidified.

    In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann vor dem Verfestigen der Deckschicht unter der Deckschicht weiter ein oder mehrere, flächig ausgebildete Vliesstoffe angeordnet werden. Hierfür wird in einem herkömmlichen Kaschierverfahren die vorgenannt beschriebene, verstärkte Deckschicht mit ein oder mehreren, flächig ausgebildeten Vliesstoffen, die bezüglich der in der Deckschicht als Verstärkungsmaterialien angeordneten bzw. eingebetteten Vliesstoffe gleich oder unterschiedlich sein können, derart vereinigt, daß die Deckschicht an den weiteren Vliesstoff anbindet. Beispielsweise wird auf einer Streichanlage ein bedrucktes bzw. unbedrucktes Zellstoffvlies mit transparentem PVC-Plastisol beschichtet und zusammen mit unbedrucktem Glasvlies kaschiert. Anschließend wird in einem zweiten Arbeitsschritt auf die Rückseite des Glasvlieses eine Rückenbeschichtung aufgebracht, auf der Vorderseite das transparente Plastisol mittels Siebdruck als Oberflächenstruktur aufgedruckt und anschließend im Kanal geliert. Eine Strukturierung der Oberfläche kann auch durch Prägen erzielt werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the Cover layer under the cover layer further one or more, flat Nonwovens are arranged. This is done in a conventional lamination process the above-described, reinforced top layer with one or several, flat-shaped nonwovens with respect to those in the top layer nonwovens arranged or embedded as reinforcing materials may be the same or different, combined in such a way that the cover layer is on binds the other nonwoven. For example, on a coater printed or unprinted cellulose fleece with transparent PVC plastisol coated and laminated together with unprinted glass fleece. Subsequently in a second step on the back of the glass fleece Back coating applied, on the front the transparent plastisol printed as a surface structure by means of screen printing and then in the channel gelled. The surface can also be structured by embossing.

    Figur 1 zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes mit einem Träger (I), der auf beiden Seiten einen Grundstrich (IV) aufweist, einem unten angeordneten Rückenstrich (III), einem auf dem obenliegenden Grundstrich angeordneten chemischen Schaumstrich (V) und einer darüberliegend angeordneten Deckschicht (II), welche darin eine Lage eines Vliesstoffes als Verstärkermaterial darin eingebettet aufweist.Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention with a support (I) with a base line (IV) on both sides has a back line arranged at the bottom (III), one on top Base line arranged chemical foam line (V) and one overlying top layer (II), which contains a layer of a Nonwoven fabric as a reinforcing material embedded therein.

    Figur 2 zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes mit einem durch Siebdruck oberflächenstrukturierten Deckstrich, der darin eingebettet einen gegebenenfalls bedruckten Vliesstoff aufweist, ein daran ankaschiertes Glasvlies sowie eine unter dem Glasvlies angeordnete Rückenschicht aus einer chemisch oder mechanisch geschäumten Schaumschicht.Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention with a top coat structured by screen printing, the embedded therein has an optionally printed nonwoven, one on it laminated glass fleece as well as a back layer arranged under the glass fleece from a chemically or mechanically foamed foam layer.

    Figur 3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Flächengebildes, worin in einem ersten Arbeitsschritt auf einer Streichanlage ein bedrucktes bzw. unbedrucktes Zellstoffvlies mit transparentem PVC-Plastisol beschichtet und zusammen mit unbedrucktem Glasvlies kaschiert wird.Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment for the production of the fabric according to the invention, wherein in a first Working step on a coating machine a printed or unprinted cellulose fleece coated with transparent PVC plastisol and together with unprinted glass fleece is laminated.

    Figur 4 zeigt die Ergebnisse bezüglich der Durchreißfestigkeit zweier verschiedener Proben, wie im nachstehenden Beispiel hergestellt.FIG. 4 shows the results with regard to the tear resistance of two different ones Samples prepared as in the example below.

    Figur 5 zeigt die Ergebnisse bezüglich der Weiterreißfestigkeit zweier verschiedener Proben, wie im nachstehenden Beispiel hergestellt.FIG. 5 shows the results regarding the tear resistance of two different ones Samples prepared as in the example below.

    Das folgende Beispiel erläutert die Erfindung.The following example illustrates the invention.

    Beispiel: For example :

    Es wurden zwei Deckstriche auf der Basis der vorgenannt definierten Polyreaktionsprodukte-enthaltenden Materialien ("Linoflex-Deckstriche") mit einer Dicke von 300µm auf eine 0,4 mm dicke Pappe aufgezogen. Bei einer Probe wurde zusätzlich ein 23 g Zellstoffvlies einkaschiert. Beide Proben wurden anschließend bei 180°C und einer Verweilzeit von 6 Minuten gehärtet.There were two top coats based on the polyreaction products defined above Materials ("Linoflex top coats") with a thickness of 300 µm onto a 0.4 mm thick cardboard. At a rehearsal additionally laminated with a 23 g cellulose fleece. Both samples were then taken cured at 180 ° C and a residence time of 6 minutes.

    Formulierung des Linoflex-Deckstrichs:Formulation of the Linoflex top coat:

    Epoxidiertes LeinölEpoxidized linseed oil 51,00 g 51.00 g Hochdisperse KieselsäureFumed silica 2,00 g2.00 g PMMAPMMA 3,00 g3.00 g Leinöllinseed oil 2,00 g2.00 g Teilester aus Dipropylenglykol und MaleinsäurePartial ester from dipropylene glycol and maleic acid 25,00 g25.00 g Sikkativedriers 1,10 g1.10 g

    Anschließend wurden an 2 cm dicken Streifen der beiden Proben die Durchreißfestigkeit sowie die Weiterreißfestigkeit gemessen. Die Ergebnisse sind in Figuren 4 und 5 jeweils in einem Blockdiagramm veranschaulicht.The tear resistance was then determined on strips of 2 cm thick in the two samples as well as the tear resistance measured. The results are in figures 4 and 5 each illustrated in a block diagram.

    Die in Figuren 4 und 5 dargestellten Diagramme zeigen, daß im Vergleich zu der nicht-verstärkten Probe die Probe, in welcher die Zellstoffvlieslage in dem Deckstrich angeordnet ist, deutlich verbesserte Werte bezüglich der Durchreißfestigkeit sowie die Weiterreißfestigkeit liefert.The diagrams shown in Figures 4 and 5 show that compared to the Non-reinforced sample is the sample in which the nonwoven pulp layer is in the top coat is arranged, significantly improved values with respect to tear resistance as well as the tear resistance.

    Claims (25)

    1. Flexible multilayer sheetlike structure comprising at least one top layer which includes disposed therein substantially over the entire surface at least one sheetlike reinforcing material, the reinforcing material being completely surrounded by the coating compositions which constitute the top layer so as to form a continuous layer around the reinforcing material, the reinforcing material being a nonwoven fabric having a weight in the range from 9 to 50 g/m2.
    2. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a wet-laid nonwoven, a dried-laid nonwoven or a spunbonded.
    3. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 2, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a cellulosic web.
    4. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the nonwoven fabric has had a print applied to it.
    5. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the thickness of the top layer is at least 90 µm.
    6. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the coating compositions for the top layer are based on a material selected from the group consisting of plastisols, organosols, dispersions and film formers.
    7. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 6, wherein the plastisol is a PVC plastisol.
    8. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 6, wherein the coating compositions for the top layer are a polymeric material obtainable by reaction of at least one di- or polycarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof or a mixture thereof with at least one epoxidation product of a carboxylic ester or a mixture of these epoxidation products.
    9. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 8, wherein the dicarboxylic acid is maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, methylsuccinic acid, malic acid or furan dicarboxylic acid or a mixture thereof which contains at least two of these acids.
    10. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 8, wherein the polycarboxylic acid is selected from citric acid and aconitic acid.
    11. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 8 to 10, wherein the derivative of the di- or polycarboxylic acid is an anhydride or a partial ester.
    12. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 11, wherein the alcohol component of the partial ester is a polyol.
    13. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 12, wherein the polyol is dipropylene glycol, a propanediol, a butanediol, a hexanediol, a hexanetriol, glycerol or pentaerythritol or a mixture thereof which contains at least two of these polyols.
    14. Sheetlike structure according to any of the preceding Claims 8 to 13, wherein the mixture of at least one di- or polycarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof is a mixture of a partial ester of maleic anhydride and dipropylene glycol with citric acid.
    15. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 8 to 14, wherein the epoxidation product of a carboxylic ester contains more than one epoxy group per molecule.
    16. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 8 to 15, wherein the epoxidation product of a carboxylic ester is epoxidated linseed oil, epoxidated soybean oil, epoxidated castor oil, epoxidated rapeseed oil or vernonia oil or a mixture thereof which contains at least two of these epoxidation products.
    17. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 8 to 16, wherein the top layer further contains one or more fillers.
    18. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 1 to 17, wherein the top layer (II) is transparent.
    19. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 18, wherein the coating composition for the top layer contains not more than 2% by weight of filler.
    20. Sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 1 to 19, wherein one or more sheetlike nonwoven fabrics are disposed underneath the top layer.
    21. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 20, wherein the nonwoven fabric disposed underneath the top layer is a glass web.
    22. Sheetlike structure according to any preceding claim, comprising at least one base layer (I) and at least one above-defined top layer (II), optionally, disposed underneath the base layer (I), a backcoat (III) composed of a chemically or mechanically foamed cellular layer, optionally a noncellular basecoat (IV) disposed between the base layer (I) and the top layer (II) and/or between the base layer (I) and the backcoat (III), the coating compositions for the layers (III) and (IV) being based on a material according to any of Claims 6 to 17.
    23. Sheetlike structure according to Claim 22, wherein the top layer (II) has disposed on it a protective layer (VI) composed of unsaturated curable film-forming systems for which the polymers or copolymers are selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof.
    24. Process for producing a flexible multilayered sheetlike structure according to any of Claims 1 to 23, comprising the application of the material constituting the top layer to one or more, optionally printed, sheetlike nonwoven fabrics in such a way that the nonwoven fabric is fully saturated therewith and a continuous layer is formed around the nonwoven fabric and subsequently the consolidation of this material to provide a top layer and the application of such a top layer to a base.
    25. Process according to Claim 24, wherein furthermore one or more sheetlike nonwoven fabrics are disposed underneath the top layer before the top layer is consolidated.
    EP99938210A 1998-06-26 1999-06-25 Flexible multilayer flat material with a reinforced cover layer Expired - Lifetime EP1144752B1 (en)

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    DE19828676 1998-06-26
    DE19828676A DE19828676A1 (en) 1998-06-26 1998-06-26 Flexible, multi-layered fabric with reinforced cover layer
    PCT/EP1999/004419 WO2000000692A2 (en) 1998-06-26 1999-06-25 Flexible multilayer flat material with a reinforced cover layer

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    DE59903695D1 (en) 2003-01-16
    DE19828676A1 (en) 2000-01-27
    WO2000000692A3 (en) 2001-12-27
    WO2000000692A2 (en) 2000-01-06
    EP1144752A2 (en) 2001-10-17
    JP2002524296A (en) 2002-08-06
    US20020160677A1 (en) 2002-10-31
    CA2335533A1 (en) 2000-01-06
    AU5280099A (en) 2000-01-17
    EP1144752A3 (en) 2002-04-24
    CA2335533C (en) 2004-05-04
    PL359024A1 (en) 2004-08-23
    DK1144752T3 (en) 2003-03-24

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