EP1124022A1 - Brick - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat insulating building block has two longitudinal walls (LS) and two transverse walls (QS). Multiple partitions (S) extends between the longer walls (S) to form parallel sided hollow channels. At least one part of the hollow channels form cut outs to define a chamber between the longer walls. The thickness of the longer walls is twelve and a half millimeters. The chamber can extend for at least forty percent of the long side of the block.

Description

The invention relates to a brick according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Such a brick is known from US 2,192,732. The known Brick has good thermal insulation properties.

Another brick is known from EP 0 825 306 A1. The Known bricks have a plurality of edges arranged parallel to one another Voids. The cavities are longitudinal and thin transverse webs with a wall thickness of at most 4 mm separated from each other. The well-known brick shows in comparison improved thermal insulation properties compared to conventional bricks on. In practice, however, you can not or only with serial production by means of extrusion.

The object of the invention is to provide a brick with excellent Specify thermal insulation ability that is simple and inexpensive can be produced.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Appropriate configurations result from the features of claims 2 to 16.

According to the invention it is provided that the wall thickness of the longitudinal walls is ≤ 12.5 mm. Because of the invention Surprisingly, the formation of the wall thickness the thermal insulation capacity of the brick to excellent values improve.

The following relationship expediently applies to the number Z of recesses: Z / D ≥ 87, where D is the length of the long side in meters. For the length L of the recesses, the following expediently applies: L = B1 - 2 W, where B1 is a first width of the transverse side and W is the wall thickness of the longitudinal walls. The recesses can be arranged in succession according to a further design feature. - It has been shown that a brick with the aforementioned features can be easily produced by extrusion.

According to a further design feature, the Cavities formed 40% or more than that of the Longitudinal and transverse walls of the enclosed volume of the brick his. Furthermore, the brick can essentially be made of have closed pores. To the mass with known pore-forming additives such as polystyrene, Paper catches, sawdust or the like are added. The the aforementioned additives decompose when the brick burns, which creates a substantially closed porosity in the material is developing. The porosity further increases the thermal insulation capacity of the brick.

It is also advantageous that the specific weight is ≥ 0.7 g / cm ³ . Due to the relatively high density, the brick according to the invention has good soundproofing properties. It is a manufacturing advantage that the thickness of the webs is ≥ 4 mm.

The following relationship expediently applies to the number Z of the hollow channels: Z / D ≥ 87, where D is the length of the long side in meters. The aforementioned feature enables simple and inexpensive production, for example by means of extrusion. The extruded green body has good dimensional stability. It can be dried easily. In particular, the good drying behavior is attributed to the number of cavities between the longitudinal walls.

The thickness of the webs and that of the Longitudinal and / or transverse walls the same. In this case, the green compact extrude particularly easily.

The thermal conductivity λ _tr for the dry state at 10 ° C mean temperature is expediently less than 0.1 W / mK. The thermal resistance 1 / λ _g for the dry state at an average temperature of 10 ° C. is preferably greater than 3.80 m ² K / W, preferably greater than 3.85 m ² K / W. From the above values it can be seen that the brick according to the invention has excellent thermal insulation properties.

The transverse wall of the brick can have a first length of 245 to 255 mm and have a first width of 120 to 130 mm. It has proven to be advantageous in that the longitudinal wall second length from 360 to 370 mm and a second width from 245 to 255 mm.

The brick according to the invention advantageously forms one Element for building larger brick components. But it is also possible, relatively large from the brick according to the invention To produce monoliths. Their length can go up to the wall length of a room or building, the height of which is up to the floor height pass. Preferred widths or lengths of such monoliths range from 100 - 200 mm.

A brick component is expedient in which several of the invention Brick-like or perforated brick with each other using mortar, glue or silicate or ceramic binders to an assembly unit Shape and size are connected. The assembly units can it is floor-to-ceiling elements for the construction of buildings act.

The bricks according to the invention can be and thin-bed mortar. Also one Crunching walling is possible.

According to a further requirement of the invention, masonry is provided with the invention Bricks provided, with at the longitudinal walls adjoining bricks the sum of the thicknesses of the continuous webs running parallel to the long side or Walls in the range between 50 and 150 mm based on a masonry length or height of 1 m. The sum of the thicknesses the continuous webs running parallel to the long side or walls is in particular in the brick according to the invention particularly low if the brick only has recesses has, which is continuous over the between the Longitudinal walls formed space. In this Case the sum of the thicknesses is only the sum of the Thicknesses of the longitudinal walls formed; there are no more continuous ones Bridges available. The smaller the sum of the thicknesses the continuous webs running parallel to the long side or walls, the higher the thermal insulation capacity of the Brick.

Fig.1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Ziegels,

Fig.2

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines ersten Mauerwerks,

Fig.3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines zweiten Mauerwerks und

Fig.4

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines dritten Mauerwerks und

Fig.5

eine Schnittansicht eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ziegels.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a brick according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a first masonry,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a second masonry and

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a third masonry and

Fig. 5

a sectional view of another brick according to the invention.

The brick shown in Figure 1 has opposite longitudinal walls LS and cross walls QS. Over the between the longitudinal walls LS formed space extend parallel to the cross walls QS a variety of webs S. Between the Crosspieces S are slit-like recesses A. The recesses A extend continuously across the between the Longitudinal walls LS formed space, i.e. the length L of the Recesses A corresponds to the difference from a first one Width B1 of the transverse walls QS and the wall thicknesses W of the longitudinal walls LS. In the present exemplary embodiment, the recesses are A arranged in succession. They are not cavities provided by parallel to the longitudinal walls LS running intermediate webs are limited.

The brick is porous (not shown here). Its longitudinal LS and transverse walls QS and the webs S have one closed and open porosity. Such porosity can e.g. by adding flammable particles such as polystyrene, Paper traps, sawdust or the like, achieved to the mass become.

It is a manufacturing advantage if the longitudinal LS and transverse walls QS and the webs S have the same thickness. A preferred thickness is more than 4 mm, preferably at 5mm.

It is also possible to use the webs S and the longitudinal LS as well Cross walls QS in a thickness W of e.g. 7mm to extrude. Then the thickness W of the longitudinal LS and / or transverse walls QA to a low level of e.g. Can be reduced by 4mm. The reduction in the thickness W of the longitudinal LS and / or transverse walls QS can be in the green state, after drying or in the fired state Condition e.g. done by grinding. A brick with such Longitudinal and / or transverse wall thicknesses W show excellent Thermal insulation properties also good sound insulation behavior on.

With the brick according to the invention, in the present embodiment the transverse walls QS have a first length L1 of 250 mm and a first width B1 of 123 mm, the longitudinal walls LS one second length L2 of 365 mm and a second width of 250 mm on.

Such a dimensioned brick is particularly universal. It can be combined into brick components, which as prefabricated assembly units, the construction of buildings make it much easier.

Because of the excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation properties it is possible to build a building exclusively from the Manufacture bricks according to the invention. It can on the conventional Mixed construction of brick and sand-lime brick is dispensed with become.

As can be seen from Figure 2, the invention is suitable Brick for use as an elongated brick. He can also - As clearly shown in Figures 3 and 4 - as a perforated brick be used.

3 shows the bricks according to the invention with their longitudinal walls LS put together. It can be seen that here none running parallel to the longitudinal sides to the longitudinal walls LS Bridges are provided. The sum of the thicknesses of the parallel becomes continuous walls running along the long side formed by the sum of the thicknesses W of the longitudinal walls LS. This is related to a thickness W of the longitudinal walls LS of 5 mm to a masonry length of one meter here about 81 mm. This value, which can be regarded as extremely low, further contributes to this excellent thermal insulation ability of the brick according to the invention at.

Fig.4 shows a third masonry. The invention Brick as used in Fig. 3 as perforated brick. He is, however, lined up here with its QS transverse pages.

5 is a cross section of another one according to the invention Brick shown. In the specific embodiment, the Thickness W of the longitudinal walls LS less than 10 mm. The thickness W is here preferably less than 8 mm; it is expediently 4 to 7 mm. The thickness of the webs is expediently also 4 to 8 mm. Especially for stabilization of the extruded green body are occasionally transverse webs SQ intended. This creates stiffening structures which the cross walls QS with the two following webs S connect. Further removed from the QS transverse walls Stiffening structures consist of 4 through crossbars SQ connected webs S. Between the stiffening structures are at least five, preferably eight recesses A is provided, which extends over the between the longitudinal walls LS distance formed.

The brick shown has a bulk density (average body density according to DIN 105) of 0.85 to 0.95 kg / dm ³ , preferably 0.89 kg / dm ³ . The compressive strength is 7.5 to 7.9 N / mm ² , preferably 7.7 N / mm ² . The thermal resistance for the dry state at 10 ° C mean temperature 1 / Λ _b is 3.86 m ² K / W, the thermal conductivity λ _{10, tr} for the dry state at 10 ° C mean temperature is 0.095 W / mK. The tempera insulation properties of the brick according to the invention are 20 to 30% better than that of conventional bricks. The excellent insulation properties are attributed, inter alia, to the provision of a large number of webs S which extend to the transverse wall QS and the recesses A located between them. The relatively "thin" design of the longitudinal walls LS makes an important contribution to thermal insulation. In a masonry made from the bricks according to the invention, there is therefore only a small amount of heat transport via the longitudinal walls LS.

Reference list

LS

Longitudinal wall

QS

Transverse wall

s

web

SQ

Crossbar

A

Recess

B1

first width

L1

first length

W

Thickness of the longitudinal walls

B2

second width

L2

second length

L

Length of the recesses

Claims (16)

Brick with two longitudinal (LS) and two transverse walls (QS), a plurality of webs (S) being provided between the longitudinal walls (LS) to form edge-parallel hollow ducts, at least some of the hollow ducts being over than between the longitudinal walls (LS ) formed gap, continuously extending recesses (A) are formed, characterized in that the wall thickness (W) of the longitudinal walls (LS) is ≤ 12.5 mm. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the following applies to the length L of the recesses (A): L = B1 - 2 W, where B1 is a first width of the transverse side and W is the wall thickness of the longitudinal walls (LS). Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein several recesses (A) are arranged in succession. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cavity formed by the recesses (A) 40% or more than that enclosed by the longitudinal (LS) and transverse walls (QS) Volume of the brick is. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the brick is essentially formed from closed pores Has pore volume. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the specific weight is ≥ 0.7 g / cm ³ . Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the webs (S) is ≥ 4 mm. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the following relationship applies to the number Z of the hollow channels: Z / D ≥ 87, where D is the length of the long side in meters. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the webs (S) and that of the longitudinal (LS) and / or the transverse walls (QS) is the same. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transverse wall (QS) has a first length (L1) of 245 to 255 mm and has a first width (B1) of 120 to 130 mm. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the longitudinal wall (LS) has a second length (L2) of 360 to 370 mm and a second width (B2) from 245 to 255 mm. Brick according to claim 10 and 11, wherein the thermal conductivity λ _tr for the dry state at 10 ° C mean temperature is less than 0.1 W / mK. Brick according to claim 12, wherein the thermal resistance 1 / Λ _g for the dry state at 10 ° C mean temperature is greater than 3.80 m ² K / W, preferably greater than 3.85 m ² K / W. Brick component, in which several of the bricks after one of the preceding claims in the manner of a perforated brick with each other by means of mortar, glue or silicate or ceramic binders to an assembly unit of a given shape and size are connected. Brick component, in which several of the bricks after one of the preceding claims in the manner of an elongated brick with each other by means of mortar, glue or silicate or ceramic trusses to an assembly unit of predetermined shape and size are connected. Masonry with bricks according to one of the preceding claims, whereby with the longitudinal walls (LS) lying against each other Brick the sum of the thicknesses (W) parallel to the long side continuous walls in the range between 50 and 150 mm based on a masonry length or height of 1 Meters.

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