EP1070856B1 - Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Lage eines Kolbens - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Lage eines Kolbens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1070856B1 EP1070856B1 EP00114195A EP00114195A EP1070856B1 EP 1070856 B1 EP1070856 B1 EP 1070856B1 EP 00114195 A EP00114195 A EP 00114195A EP 00114195 A EP00114195 A EP 00114195A EP 1070856 B1 EP1070856 B1 EP 1070856B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- measuring bar
- sensor
- measuring rod
- sensor element
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
- F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
- F15B15/2823—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT by a screw mechanism attached to the piston
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for detecting the position of a piston in a cylinder, in particular a pressure medium cylinder, with a bore having a piston rod, in which a measuring rod is arranged, wherein in dependence on the longitudinal movement the piston rod, the measuring rod forced by a rotation angle and the Rotation angle converted by means of a sensor device into an electrical sensor signal becomes.
- a sensor device for detecting the position of a piston in a cylinder under pressure known to attach a sensor device to an outer circumferential surface of the cylinder tube.
- This sensor device acts with a within the cylinder on a peripheral surface the piston mounted permanent magnet together.
- the thus obtained switching signal can in one Downstream electronic evaluation unit for detecting the position of the piston in evaluated the cylinder.
- a disadvantage of the known device is that of Cylinder due to the attachment of the sensor element on the outside of the cylinder tube Has unwanted projections, the cylinder to an asymmetric Surface contour gives and on the other hand requires a larger radial space.
- the electrical leads connected to the sensor device must be in the environment be led to a central evaluation unit.
- a sensor device with magnetic field sensitive Sensors in axial extension to a its location to be detected cylindrical part to arrange.
- the known part to be detected is However, it is a steering shaft of a steering wheel for motor vehicles, in which the Rotation angle of the same should be detected.
- this known sensor device is only suitable for detecting the rotation of an elongate member. The capture the axial position of a particular piston is known from this known device not removable.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for detecting the position of a piston in a cylinder in such a way that the position of the piston to simple Way and can be reliably detected, where possible, the known deficiencies resolved should be.
- the invention in conjunction with the preamble of the claim 1 characterized in that the sensor device at least one fixed Sensor element outside the pressure medium range and a movable, of the Measuring rod driven, sensor element has within the pressure medium range and the movement of the driven sensor element contactless from the fixed Sensor element is detected.
- the particular advantage of the invention is that a simple measuring system is formed by the formation of the sensor device, which determines the relative position of the piston rod to the cylinder housing. Particularly advantageous is the non-contact determination of the rotational movement of the measuring rod. This eliminates complex rotary feedthroughs, which lead to a reduction of costs and at the same time to new fields of application for the measuring system according to the invention.
- the stationary sensor element outside the pressure medium range, this can be made particularly simple by no special requirements related to the pressure medium and the pressure in the pressure medium must be made to the execution. Only the environmental conditions, such as moisture and dust protection outside of the lifting cylinder must be taken into account in the design of the sensor element.
- the sensor device in an edge region of a pressurized space, has the advantage that the required space of the lifting cylinder is not increased. Furthermore, a sensor device can easily be introduced into the lifting cylinder bottom. There is usually, for holding the cylinder, structurally unnecessary housing material into which the sensor device can be easily integrated without changing the function or the size of the lift cylinder. Also, this installation position prevents damage to the sensor device from the outside. Due to this mounting position on the cylinder bottom side, the accessibility to the sensor device is also made easy by not having to dismantle the lifting cylinder for mounting or checking the device. For the non-contact transmission of the rotational movement of the measuring rod to the stationary sensor element, known as operating, for example, according to the magnetic, inductive or capacitive measuring principle sensor devices are available.
- the movable sensor element can be designed according to the measuring principle used and the movement of the measuring rod can be converted depending on the measuring principle used in a correspondingly recognizable signal. This may be a change in distance between the two sensor elements, a rotation of the elements to each other or even by constructive configurations of the elements with a corresponding movement thereof.
- a removable sensor housing located in the cylinder bottom a removable sensor housing, which is circumferentially equipped with a seal and on the one hand the fixed sensor element separates from the pressure medium and on the other hand has a recess on the side in communication with the pressure medium side, which for receiving a connected to the front end of the measuring rod connecting element, wherein the connecting element is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the measuring rod in the recess.
- the sensor housing is a simple rotary part with a circumferential groove for receiving a seal and provided at both end faces, each with a recess.
- the sensor element In the recess, on the pressure medium remote side of the sensor housing, can easily attach the fixed sensor element.
- the sensor element itself can in turn be directly connected to an evaluation electronics and be secured in the recess of the sensor housing directly by means of a potting compound, clamping, pressing or screwing.
- the sensor housing itself is fixed in a central bore to the measuring rod assembly in the cylinder bottom bore and closes the cylinder bottom against the pressure medium range.
- On the pressure medium side of the sensor housing a further stepped recess is attached. This serves to fix or support a connecting element, which has a congruent to the recess shape, and is in communication with the measuring rod.
- the connecting element according to the invention can be further configured by the connecting element is designed for fixing and storage with a ring element, which on the one hand on a shoulder of the cylinder bottom and on the other hand in the recess supported.
- the connection element is achieved a simple storage and disassembly of the sensor device.
- Front side becomes the cylinder bottom with a through hole that extends into the pressure medium range, Mistake.
- Central to this is provided with a larger diameter hole in introduced the cylinder bottom, but not reaching into the pressure medium range.
- the ring element thereby limits the movement of the connecting element in the direction of the pressure medium range.
- a movement in the opposite Direction is effected by the adjoining sensor housing.
- the connecting element has a central bore for receiving the front end of the measuring rod and the measuring rod is connected by means of a transversely to the longitudinal axis of the same extending bolt releasably and hingedly in the bore with the connecting element.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the measuring rod is decoupled in the axial direction of the connecting element at least in a certain area.
- the connection element can advantageously be made of a metallic material and the measuring rod made of a non-metal and connect.
- the standardized sensor elements are adapted to a use case of the pressure medium cylinder adapted Meßstangemother or twisting embodiment.
- the sensor housing is in a particular embodiment of the invention, on one of Measuring rod remote from the back by means of a holding element releasably connected to the cylinder bottom attached.
- a holding element releasably connected to the cylinder bottom attached.
- the sensor element securely fixed in the cylinder bottom but also be removed from there easily.
- the introduction into the cylinder bottom also allows a reduction in the manufacturing cost of the Hubzylindem used, optionally at the same location, for example, a pressure measuring system or a closure element can be used and fixed by means of the retaining element.
- the retaining element is advantageously a Seeger ring, which engages in a groove located in the bore of the cylinder base.
- the movable sensor element as a permanent magnet and the stationary sensor element as magnetic field sensitive Sensor element formed.
- the movable sensor element is fixed in the with the Measuring rod connected connection element bordered. In cooperation with the established Sensor element of the sensor device, this can be a non-contact measurement achieve the way of the piston rod.
- a movement of the piston rod is in a rotation of the measuring rod and a corresponding rotational movement of the connecting element transferred. Depending on the arrangement of the permanent magnet in the connection element, this leads Rotational movement at least to a changed orientation of the magnetic field to the fixed Sensor element or at a different distance of the sensor elements to each other.
- the sensor housing and / or the connecting element made of a non-magnetizable material, such as brass, whereby an improved effect of the measuring principle is achieved.
- various sensors such as magnetoresistive sensors, Hall sensors and so-called field plates known. Particularly cost-effective prove for the mass use the Hall sensors. These can be easily on a small space requirement integrate an electronic circuit and then with additional evaluation circuits and equip interfaces.
- the sensor device is at least one permanent magnet aligned in the end portion such that the magnetic axis of the permanent magnet is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the measuring rod, and that at least one sensor element in Radial distance is arranged to the permanent magnet within the sensor housing.
- the connecting element becomes a permanent magnet with the magnetic axis arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the connecting element.
- At least one magnetic field sensitive Sensor is on the circumference of the connecting element facing side the recess arranged in the sensor housing and is, at least in the position with the smallest distance to one of the pole faces, approximately perpendicular to the magnetic field flows through.
- two or more magnetic field-sensitive sensors arranged distributed around the circumference of the recess, resulting in a more accurate evaluation the position of the connecting element in the recess is made possible.
- the decrease of Strength of the magnetic field by a sensor element is simultaneously by an increase in the Strength of the magnetic field detected in the other sensor element.
- An evaluation electronics evaluates the measured values of the magnetic field-sensitive sensors according to direction and strength of the magnetic field and determines the angle of rotation of the connecting element in the recess.
- the evaluation electronics may be provided with a microprocessor and memory means and also have an interface that communicates with, for example, a CAN bus system.
- At least one permanent magnet is so on the Oriented end portion is that the magnetic axis of the permanent magnet radially offset in Direction to the longitudinal axis of the measuring rod, and that at least one sensor element approximately arranged centrally to the longitudinal axis of the measuring rod within the sensor housing are.
- the permanent magnet can be designed as a bar magnet and directly in a frontal bore on the connection element be arranged. Due to the decentralized arrangement, the direction of the Magnetic field through the centrally arranged, fixed sensor element in a rotation of the connection element in the recess on the sensor housing.
- the magnetic field can also be generated by a plurality of permanent magnets.
- the magnetic field sensitive Sensor element is centrally located in the sensor housing and so executed that it can detect the magnetic field direction. This is special cost-effective, as the magnetic field-sensitive sensor easily executed and directly in one Electronic module integrated and so easily connected to other evaluation circuits can be.
- the design of the measuring rod determines the rotational movement of the connecting element in the recess of the sensor housing. Alone by this design of the measuring rod, the measuring range or the Meßaufains can be specified.
- the object causing the rotation such as a piston in a cylinder, merely needs to have a bore with an opening cross-section which corresponds to the contour of the measuring rod in cross-section.
- Particularly advantageous is the execution of the measuring rod with a pitch-large twist of at least 70 °. As a result, long strokes of a piston with a simple and provided with a few twisting measuring rod can be seen. In addition, the friction between the elements is kept low due to the large pitch.
- the twisting of the measuring rod extends evenly over the entire length of the measuring rod.
- the twist extends helically essentially along a circumferential angle of 360 °. This makes it easy on Make a clear dependence of the angle of rotation of the measuring rod of the longitudinal movement achieve the piston rod, since the connecting element over the entire stroke the piston experiences only a maximum of one full turn. On a special evaluation and determination of the executed number of revolutions of the measuring rod can according to the invention be waived.
- the measuring rod can only partially identify a twist.
- the distance measuring system according to the invention can be limited to the Kolbenhub Colour in which a special evaluation or only there a distance measurement is necessary.
- the measuring rod is provided for example only in the middle with a twist and designed in the other Meßstangen Suite so that no change in pitch occurs and thus in these Hub Schlen the piston, no rotation of the measuring rod is caused.
- This embodiment is particularly suitable for executable by the lifting cylinder movements that have a different position from the end stops of the piston, in which the position of the piston must be particularly controlled or regulated or detected. Especially for from a transport in a working position pivoting implements, this embodiment is suitable.
- the measuring rod has a twist only in the stroke position corresponding to the working position in order, for example, to enable detection there and optionally also a control of the working position.
- this is provided at least two points with a twist.
- the measuring rod has areas with different Gradients of twisting.
- the Meßstange twisting can be to the respective Requirement adapted, be designed differently.
- the twisting of the measuring rod results in special fields of application and forms, in which otherwise resorted to outside of the cylinder position detection means had to become.
- These can be relocated according to the invention in the lifting cylinder and thus require no additional space and are also available then Damage protected arranged.
- Have different slopes of twist the advantage that the measuring rod to the specific requirements along the piston stroke can be adapted.
- the measuring rod In a further embodiment of the invention, have only the opposite ends the measuring rod on a twist.
- the measuring rod is designed so that the measuring rod only at the ends have a twist of the rod and in the intervening No distortion of the measuring rod is located.
- the length of the measuring rod does not extend over the entire stroke of the piston rod. This simplifies the sensor device considerably, since then the bore in the piston rod does not have to be performed over the entire piston stroke. Such embodiments are particularly appropriate when only in the lower, retracted piston position, the position of the piston must be detected. When the measuring rod length exceeds piston stroke, this is then no longer guided by the guide member in the piston head and then stands freely in the cylinder.
- the Meßstangenende is then provided with a taper in order to ensure the recovery and safe insertion of the measuring rod in the piston bore, the renewed immersion of the piston in the measuring range. It is particularly advantageous if the measuring rod corresponds at least to the full stroke length of the piston rod. A secure guidance of the measuring rod is guaranteed at any time.
- the guide element at a free end on a radially inwardly oriented resilient nose, which abuts at least partially on the peripheral surface of the measuring rod.
- This embodiment of the guide element enables a particularly precise guidance of the measuring rod in the bore of the piston rod.
- the nose is slightly springy on the measuring rod and thus ensures a play-free guidance of the measuring rod. Also wear on the measuring rod or on the guide element are compensated by the guide element itself in a certain range.
- the nose of the guide element is hook-shaped and equipped with a in the direction of the measuring rod to the peripheral surface thereof the same sealing lip.
- This hook-shaped embodiment provides a special leadership property of the measuring rod in the bore of the piston rod by also compensating by the snug sealing lip and small distortion of the peripheral surfaces of the measuring rod. Also, it is achieved by the light acting in the axial direction of the measuring rod surface guidance of the hook-shaped nose, a good leadership property at the passages between different slopes of the torsion of the measuring rod.
- the measuring rod according to the invention can also be further developed by the measuring rod has at least one hook-shaped support member, which the measuring rod partially against the central bore on the peripheral surface of the same fitting supports.
- This embodiment is suitable according to the invention especially for longer Measuring rod to this in the retracted areas and positions of the piston rod before to protect radial movements.
- opposite to the connecting element Side of the measuring rod annularly attached a hook-shaped support element.
- the Measuring rod is carried out a little longer than necessary for the maximum piston stroke, Thus, the guide element and the support member in the extended position of Piston rod does not interfere with each other.
- the measuring rod is generally of the connecting element held in axiler direction and by the guide element respectively guided in the radial direction of the support element, wherein the support element is designed so that that it has no guide properties based on the measuring rod.
- This is the support element on the one hand to the outer contour of the measuring rod and the other to the contour designed adapted to the bore in the piston rod.
- An agricultural tractor 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 has a front bucket 2 for lifting, transporting and loading goods which can be actuated by means of paired first lifting cylinders 3 and second lifting cylinders 4.
- the first lifting cylinder 3 serve to raise and lower the Frondladerwing 5 and in conjunction with the blade 2.
- the second lifting cylinder 4 are used for pivoting the front blade 2 relative to the front loader swing 5.
- the lifting cylinder 3, 4 are designed as a hydraulic cylinder and substantially similar. For example, the operation of the second lifting cylinder 4 in connection with Figures 2 and 3 will be described in more detail below.
- the second lifting cylinder 4 are used to adjust the hinged on a front loader swing 5 front bucket 2. At this front loader swing 5 joins to the body of the tractor 1 toward a console 6 for receiving the front loader rocker 5.
- FIG 1 are each in the upper and lower positions of the front loader rocker fifth different positions of the front blade 2 relative to the front loader rocker 5 shown.
- the position of the front loader rocker 5 itself to the console 6 and the position of the front bucket 2 relative to the Frondladerschwinge 5, can be in a simpler, inventive Way by a determination of the relative piston positions to the respective cylinder tube. 7 determine.
- the front blade 2 In a retraction position of the lifting cylinder 4 according to FIG. 2, the front blade 2 is located in a transport position while in a deployed position of the lift cylinder 4 is located in a Auskippositon according to FIG. Own the controls of front loaders usually also an automatic parallel guidance of the front bucket 2 to the footprint of the Agricultural tractors 1. This is done by a controller, depending on the position of the lifting cylinder 3, electrohydraulic automatic one piston position on the two two stroke cylinders 4 set so that the bottom of the front bucket 2 over the entire pivoting the front loader swing 5, from the lower to the upper position, parallel to the base the Acherschleppers 1 is held.
- the position of the piston in at least one of Lifting cylinder 3 is determined by means of the measuring system according to the invention and to a controller to hand over. This then accesses a stored table on the basis of the measured value and this takes a necessary Hubzylinderwin for the lifting cylinder 4, which a Parallel position of the bottom of the front bucket 2 according to the position of the front loader swing 5 and the stand areas of the tractor 1 corresponds.
- a subsequent one Control or a control command then causes, based on the determined length signal for the lifting cylinder 4, a corresponding adjustment of the Hubzylinderand the Lifting cylinder 4.
- the length of at least one lifting cylinder 4 is in turn with an inventive Detected measuring system and reported back to the controller.
- the lifting cylinder 3 or 4 itself has a cylinder tube 7, in which a piston 8 is longitudinally displaceable is stored.
- the piston 8 is fixedly connected to a piston rod 9.
- the piston rod 9 has at a first end face on a hinge eye 10, for example hingedly connected to a blade joint part 11 on the front loader rocker 5.
- the piston rod 9 has a central bore 12 and on a hinge eye 10 facing away from End of a guide member 45, so that a measuring rod 13 as a measuring element is longitudinally movably guided relative to the piston rod 9.
- the piston rod 9 is hollow drilled formed and lies with the guide member 45 at least partially peripherally the measuring rod 13 at.
- the measuring rod 13 has in the illustrated example over the entire length of a slope-sized Torsion 14, which extends along a circumferential angle of 360 ° over the entire length of the measuring rod extends.
- the measuring rod 13 in cross section rectangular shaped, wherein the edges of the rectangle of each one of the Piston rod 9 facing away from end face 15 to one of the piston rod 9 facing end side 16 continuous and helical (helical) a circumferential angle of Sweep 360 °.
- FIG. 4 19 Towards the end face 15 of the measuring rod 13, a permanent magnet is shown schematically in FIG. 4 19 in a fixedly connected to the measuring rod 13 connecting element 20 bordered.
- This connecting element 20 is rotatably in a radial recess 21 of a rotationally fixed stored in the cylinder bottom 18 mounted sensor housing 22.
- the sensor housing 22 has at least one bore for receiving a sensor element 24, which is at a radial distance from the permanent magnet 19 within the sensor housing 22 is arranged. This supplies depending on the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 19, a sensor signal, which is evaluated in an evaluation and as Wegmeßsignal can be transmitted to a central control unit.
- the evaluation electronics preferably directly associated with the sensor element 24 and with this together in one Assembly arranged within the sensor housing 22.
- the sensor housing 22 itself can made of a non-magnetizable material in which the sensor elements 24 is enclosed, exist.
- the sensor element 24 is operating as a Hall-effect Hall sensor element formed.
- the cylinder bottom 18 has for articulated mounting of the lifting cylinder 3.4 a joint eye 25 on.
- this has a first hydraulic connection 27 in the cylinder bottom 18 and a second hydraulic connection 28 in a fixed with the cylinder tube 7 connected cylinder head 29. Through these connections 27, 28 is a hydraulic fluid in the cylinder interior or removed.
- the piston rod 9 When pressurized of the cylinder 4, the piston rod 9 is moved in the longitudinal direction, wherein the Measuring rod 13 according to the orientation of the twist 14 in a predetermined Direction of rotation 32 is rotated.
- the sensor device can in the sensor housing also a plurality of uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction sensor elements in an outer ring be arranged of the sensor housing 22.
- the measuring rod 13 by means of a transverse pin 17 with connected to the connection element 20.
- the bolt 17 is in a transverse bore of the measuring rod 13 stored.
- the connecting element 20 is plate-shaped and has a ring element 34, which is supported on a shoulder 35 of the cylinder bottom 18.
- the connection element 20 has on a measuring rod 13 side facing a recess 36, in the front end 15 of the measuring rod 13 can engage.
- On one of the measuring rod 13 opposite side joins to the ring member 34, an end portion 37 which together is positioned with the ring member 34 in the cylinder bottom 18.
- at least one movable sensor element is designed as a permanent magnet 19 arranged.
- a holding element 38 is provided, by means of which the sensor housing 22 is pressed against the shoulder 35 and the ring member 34 of the connecting element 20 is guided correspondingly low backlash.
- the holding element 38 is preferably designed as a retaining ring and serves for releasable attachment the sensor housing 22 or the connecting element 20 and the measuring rod 13 inside the cylinder tube 7.
- the sensor housing 22 is in a groove of a seal 39 which seals the pressure area of the lifting cylinder relative to the environment and between the wall 40 of the cylinder bottom 18 and the sensor housing 22 is pressed is.
- the sensor housing 22 and the connecting element 20 are preferably made of a metallic Material, in particular brass, within which the sensor element 24 or the permanent magnet 19 are enclosed.
- the damping pin 41 extends in accordance with 2 end position shown in a constriction portion 42 of the cylinder tube. 7 and allows a hydraulic cushioning of the piston 8 in the retracted position thereof.
- the guide member 45 frictionally or non-positively used and has a resilient nose 43 which radially inwardly against the measuring rod 13 presses.
- the nose 43 may be made of a rigid plastic material.
- the Contour of the guide element 45 corresponds at least in regions to the contour of the It can be polygonal, preferably square, be formed.
- the guide element 45 is also aligned coaxially with the piston rod 9.
- Figure 5 shows a measuring rod 13 which is provided over the entire Meßstangenin with a twist. It is shown here in a developed form and can at the ends, depending on the design and application of the measuring rod 13, in addition to guide or holding elements, such as a hole, be equipped. Characterized in that the measuring rod 13 is arranged stationary and a corresponding figure 5 formed distortion 14, the measuring rod 13 is rotated at an axial displacement of the piston 8 and the piston rod 9 about the longitudinal axis of the piston rod 9 by a rotational angle ⁇ , so that a corresponding angle-dependent signal is detected by the sensor device.
- the twist 14 of the measuring rod 13 has a direction to the longitudinal direction of the measuring rod thirteenth forming pitch angle ⁇ of at least 70 °, preferably 76 °.
- pitch angle ⁇ should not fall below a drag angle ⁇ of 76 °. hereby is a smooth movement in the relative movement between the measuring rod 13 and the Piston rod 9 ensures, the translational movement of the piston rod 9 friction is converted into a rotational movement of the measuring rod 13, without the To hinder movement of the piston 8.
- a measuring rod 45 is provided, each having a twist 46 in the region of the front ends.
- the twists 46 each sweep over a circumferential angle of 180 °, so that over the entire length of the measuring rod 45 there is a twist of 360 ° and thus an unambiguous assignment is given.
- This measuring rod 45 serves to position the piston rod in an end region thereof.
- the measuring rod 45 can be used for cushioning.
- the twisting can also be arranged in any area of the measuring rod 13. The arrangement may be dependent on the use of the piston rod 9 and the piston 8, respectively. The measuring range is therefore determined solely by the shape of the measuring rod.
- the measuring rod 13 and the piston rod 9 carried out a calibration of the transmitter.
- These hysteresis errors would be negative especially in direction reversal of the piston rod 9 on the Affect measurement result. Therefore, a reference measurement is performed, in which the piston rod 9 over the entire length in one direction and then in the other direction becomes.
- a rotation angle characteristic is recorded depending on the path and in the Evaluation electronics stored. After recording this characteristic, the hysteresis error can and the measured sensor value as a function of the direction of movement the piston rod 9 corrected according to the determined hysteresis error become.
- This calibration process becomes unique after assembly of the sensor device or the measuring rod 13 made in the lifting cylinder 3.4.
- the measuring rod 13 and the piston rod 9 can each be made of a metallic Material or be formed from a plastic.
- the guide element 45 can also be made in one piece be connected to a damping pin 41 and has an inwardly deflected Sealing lip 44, which conforms as shown on the guide surfaces of the measuring rod 13.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Description
Die Sensoreinrichtung in einem Randbereich eines unter Druck stehenden Raumes anzuordnen, hat den Vorteil, daß der benötigte Bauraum des Hubzylinders nicht vergrößert wird. Desweiteren läßt sich in dem Hubzylinderboden leicht eine Sensoreinrichtung einbringen.
Dort befindet sich in der Regel, zur Halterung des Zylinders, konstruktiv nicht notwendiges Gehäusematerial, in welches die Sensoreinrichtung leicht integriert werden kann, ohne die Funktion beziehungsweise die Baugröße des Hubzylinders zu verändern. Auch wird durch diese Einbaulage eine Beschädigung der Sensoreinrichtung von außen her verhindert. Durch diese zylinderbodenseitige Einbaulage wird auch die Zugänglichkeit zur Sensoreinrichtung leicht ermöglicht, indem der Hubzylinder zur Montage oder Kontrolle der Einrichtung nicht demontiert werden muß.
Für die berührungslose Übertrageung der Drehbewegung der Meßstange an das feststehende Sensorelement, stehen bekannte wie beispielsweise nach dem magnetischen, induktiven oder kapazitiven Meßprinzip arbeitende Sensoreinrichtungen zur Verfügung. So kann das bewegliche Sensorelement entsprechend dem verwendeten Meßprinzip ausgeführt und die Bewegung der Meßstange je nach verwendeten Meßprinzip in ein entsprechend erkennbares Signal umgewandelt werden. Dies kann eine Abstandsänderung zwischen den beiden Sensorelementen, eine Verdrehung der Elemente zueinander oder auch durch konstruktive Ausgestaltungen der Elemente mit einer entsprechenden Bewegung derselben sein.
Diese Ausführungsform stellt eine besonders einfache Ausführungsform dar, die leicht und kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Das Sensorgehäuse ist ein einfaches Drehteil mit einer umfangseitigen Nut zur Aufnahme einer Dichtung und an beiden Stirnflächen mit je einer Ausnehmung versehen. In der Ausnehmung, auf der dem Druckmittel abgewanden Seite des Sensorgehäuses, läßt sich leicht das feststehende Sensorelement anbringen. Hierzu kann das Sensorelement selbst wiederum direkt mit einer Auswerteelektronik in Verbindung stehen und in der Ausnehmung des Sensorgehäuses direkt mittels einer Vergußmasse, Klemmung, Pressung oder Verschraubung befestigt werden. Das Sensorgehäuse selbst wird in einer zentral zur Meßstangenanordnung im Zylinderboden eingebrachten Bohrung fixiert und verschließt den Zylinderboden gegenüber dem Druckmittelbereich. Auf der Druckmittelseite des Sensorgehäuses ist einer weitere gestufte Ausnehmung angebracht. Diese dient zur Fixierung beziehungsweise Lagerung eines Anschlußelementes, welches eine zu der Ausnehmung kongruente Form aufweist, und mit der Meßstange in Verbindung steht. Durch die Lage des Sensorgehäuses in dem Hubzylinderboden, wird auch die Meßstange in der Ausnehmung in bezug auf die Kolbenstange fixiert. Die kongruente Form des Anschlußelemendes zu der Ausnehmung in dem Sensorgehäuse, bewirkt eine fast spielfreie Lagerung des Anschlußelementes in der Ausnehmung. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da die durch Spiel ermöglichten Bewegungen des Anschlußelementes in dieser Lagerung zu einer Veränderung der Meßgenauigkeit führen. Diese Lagerung ermöglicht ferner eine freie Drehbewegung des Anschlußelementes in Verbindung der Meßstange in dem Sensorgehäuse.
Diese Ausgestaltung hat den Vorteil, daß die Meßstange in axialer Richtung von dem Anschlußelement zumindest in einem bestimmten Bereich entkoppelt ist. Hierdurch werden unterschiedliche Ausrichtungen der Achsen von Kolbenstange und Meßstange ausgeglichen und verringert somit den Verschleiß an der Lagerung der Meßstange und an dem Führungselement. Desweiteren können durch diese Verbindungsstelle unterschiedliche Materialien miteinander gekoppelt werden. So läßt sich das Anschlußelement vorteilhaft aus einem metallischem Material und die Meßstange aus einem Nichtmetall herstellen und verbinden. Auch könne somit unterschiedlich verschlissene Bauteile unabhängig voneinander erneuert und ausgetauscht werden, sowie die standartisierten Sensorelemente mit einer dem Verwendungsfall des Druckmittelzylinder angepasster Meßstangelänge beziehungsweise Verwindungsausführungsform angepaßt werden.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Ausführung der Meßstange mit einer steigungsgroßen Verwindung von mindestens 70°. Hierdurch lassen sich lange Hubwege eines Kolbens mit einer einfachen und mit wenigen Verwindungen versehenen Meßstange erkennen. Außerdem wird durch die große Steigung die Reibung zwischen den Elementen gering gehalten.
Eine Vergrößerung der Steigung, bis hin größer als der Hemmwinkel von 76°, ist eine besondere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. Steigungswinkel in diesem Bereich verhindern, daß sich die aneinander geführten Elemente nicht zur Übertragung einer Drehbewegung eignen und somit nicht zu einer gegenseitigen Drehbewegung anregen können. Hierdurch werden Abnutzungen an den Führungs- und Lagerstellen verringert und das Spiel zwischen den Elementen gering gehalten.
In einer Weiterbildung der Meßstange, wird dies an zumindest zwei Stellen mit einer Verwindung versehen. Hierdurch lassen sich einzelne Stellungen des Kolbens und gegebenenfalls Lagen von betätigten Elementen erkennen und ansteuern. So lassen sich auf kostengünstige Weise, einzelne, außerhalb des Hubzylinders angeordnete Positionserkennungsmittel einsparen und es wird ferner dann keinen zusätzlichen Bauraum mehr benötigt.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Meßstange zumindest der vollen Hublänge der Kolbenstange entspricht. Eine sichere Führung der Meßstange ist dadurch jederzeit gewährleistet.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, ist die Nase des Führungselementes hakenförmig ausgebildet und mit einer in Richtung der Meßstange an die Umfangsfläche derselben anschmiegenden Dichtlippe ausgestattet. Diese hakenförmige Ausgestaltung erbringt eine besondere Führungseigenschaft der Meßstange in der Bohrung der Kolbenstange, indem sie durch die sich anschmiegende Dichtlippe auch geringe Verwindung der umfangseitigen Flächen der Meßstange ausgleicht. Auch wird durch die leichte in axialer Richtung der Meßstange wirkende flächige Führung der hakenförmigen Nase, eine gute Führungseigenschaft an den Übergangen zwischen verschiedenen Steigungen der Verwindung der Meßstange erreicht.
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ackerschleppers mit hydraulisch betätigter Frontschaufel in einer oberen und in einer unteren Stellung der Frontladerschwinge,
- Figur 2
- einen Längsschnitt eines Hubzylinders gemäß Figur 1 in einer Einfahrposition,
- Figur 3
- einen Hubzylinder gemäß Figur 1 in einer Ausfahrposition,
- Figur 4
- einen Teilschnitt X aus Figur 2 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
- Figur 5
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Meßstange nach einer ersten Ausführungsform,
- Figur 6
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Meßstange nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
- Figur 7
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Meßstange nach einer dritten Ausführungsform und
- Figur 8
- eine alternative Ausführungsform einer federnden, hakenförmigen Nase eines Führungselementes gemäß Figur 4,
Beispielsweise wird im folgenden die Betätigung der zweiten Hubzylinder 4 in Verbindung mit den Figuren 2 und 3 näher beschrieben.
Die zweiten Hubzylinder 4 dienen zum Verstellen der gelenkig an einer Frontladerschwinge 5 angeordneten Frontschaufel 2. An dieser Frontladerschwinge 5 schließt sich zu der Karosserie des Ackerschleppers 1 hin ein Konsole 6 zur Aufnahme der Frontladerschwinge 5 an.
Dadurch, daß die Meßstange 13 ortsfest angeordnet ist und eine entsprechend Figur 5 geformte Verwindung 14 aufweist, wird die Meßstange 13 bei einer axialen Verschiebung des Kolbens 8 bzw. der Kolbenstange 9 um die Längsachse der Kolbenstange 9 um einen Drehwinkel ϕ verdreht, so daß ein entsprechendes winkelabhängiges Signal von der Sensoreinrichtung erkannt wird. Dieses wird in der Auswerteeinheit ausgewertet, wobei durch eine Kennlinie die Beziehung zwischen dem translatorischen Weg des Kolbens 8 bzw. der Kolbenstange 9 und dem Drehwinkel ϕ der Meßstange 13 festgelegt sein kann. Es wird somit ein die Positionierung der Kolbenstange 9 bzw. die Wegänderung derselben repräsentierendes Meßsignal gebildet.
Nach der in der Figur 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform kann die Verwindung auch in einem beliebigen Bereich der Meßstange 13 angeordnet sein. Die Anordnung kann abhängig von der Verwendung der Kolbenstange 9 bzw. des Kolbens 8 sein. Der Meßbereich wird daher allein durch die Formgebung der Meßstange festgelegt.
Claims (20)
- Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Lage eines Kolbens in einem Zylinder, insbesondere einem Druckmittelzylinder, mit einer eine Bohrung aufweisenden Kolbenstange (9), in der eine Meßstange angeordnet ist, wobei in Abhängigkeit von der Längsbewegung der Kolbenstange (9) die Meßstange (13) um einen Drehwinkel (ϕ) zwangsgeführt und der Drehwinkel (ϕ) mittels einer Sensoreinrichtung in eine elektrisches Sensorsignal umgewandelt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Sensoreinrichtung zumindest ein feststehendes Sensorelement (24) außerhalb des Druckmittelbereichs und ein bewegliches, von der Meßstange (13) angetriebenes, Sensorelement (19) innerhalb des Druckmittelbereichs aufweist und die Bewegung des angetriebenen Sensorelementes (19) berührungslos von dem feststehenden Sensorelement (24) erfaßt wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
sich in dem Zylinderboden (18) ein entnehmbares Sensorgehäuse (22) befindet, welches umfangseitig mit einer Dichtung (39) ausgestattet ist und einerseits das feststehende Sensorelement (24) von dem Druckmittel trennend aufnimmt und andererseits auf der mit dem Druckmedium in Verbindung stehenden Seite eine Ausnehmung (21) aufweist, welche zur Aufnahme eines mit dem stirnseitigen Ende der Meßstange verbunden Anschlußelementes (20) dient, wobei das Anschlußelement (20) drehbar um die Längsachse der Meßstange (13) in der Ausnehmung (21) gelagert ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß
das Anschlußelement (20) zur Fixierung beziehungsweise Lagerung mit einem Ringelement (34) ausgebildet ist, welches sich einerseits auf einem Absatz (35) des Zylinderbodens (18) und andererseits in der Ausnehmung (21) abstützt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Anschlußelement (20) eine zentrale Bohrung (36) zur Aufnahme des stirnseitigen Endes (15) der Meßstange (13) aufweist und die Meßstange (13) mittels eines quer zur Längsachse derselben verlaufenden Bolzens (17) lösbar und gelenkig in der Bohrung (36) mit dem Anschlußelement (20) verbunden ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
auf einer der Meßstange (13) abgewandten Rückseite des Sensorgehäuses (22) ein Halteelement (38) vorgesehen ist zur lösbaren Befestigung des Sensorgehäuses (22) in dem Zylinderboden (18). - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das bewegliche Sensorelement (19) als Dauermagnet (19) und das feststehende Sensorelement (24) als magnetfeldempfindliches Sensorelement ausgebildet ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Sensorelement (24) als Hall-Sensorelement ausgebildet ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zumindest ein Dauermagnet (19) derart in der an dem Endabschnitt (37) ausgerichtet ist, daß die Magnetachse des Dauermagneten (19) senkrecht zur Längsachse der Meßstange (13) steht, und daß zumindest ein Sensorelement (24) in radialem Abstand zu dem Dauermagneten (19) innerhalb des Sensorgehäuses (22) angeordnet sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zumindest ein Dauermagnet (19) derart in dem Endabschnitt (37) ausgerichtet ist, daß die Magnetachse des Dauermagneten (19) radial versetzt in Richtung zur Längsachse der Meßstange (13) steht, und daß zumindest ein Sensorelement (24) annähernd zentral zu der Längsachse der Meßstange (13) innerhalb des Sensorgehäuses (22) angeordnet ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Meßstange (13) eine steigungsgroße Verwindung (14) mit einem Steigungswinkel (α) in einem Bereich von mindestens 70° hat. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Steigungswinkel (α) größer als ein Hemmwinkel (β) von 76° ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
sich die steigungsgroße Verwindung (14) gleichmäßig über die gesamte Länge der Meßstange (13) erstreckt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
sich die Verwindung der Meßstange (13) maximal über einen Umfangswinkel von 360° erstreckt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Meßstange (13) nur bereichsweise eine Verwindung aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Meßstange (13) Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Steigungen der Verwindung aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Meßstange (13) jeweils nur im Bereich gegenüberliegender Enden (15, 16) eine Verwindung (14) aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Länge der Meßstange (13) sich nicht über den gesamten Hub der Kolbenstange (9) erstreckt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß
das Führungselement (45) an einem freien Ende eine in radialer Richtung nach innen orientierte federnde Nase (43) aufweist, die zumindest bereichsweise an der Umfangsfläche der Meßstange (13) anliegt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß
die Nase (43) hakenförmig ausgebildet ist mit einer sich in Richtung der Meßstange (13) an die Umfangsfläche derselben anschmiegenden Dichtlippe (44). - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß
die Meßstange (13) zumindest ein hakenförmig ausgebildetes Stützelement besitzt, welches die Meßstange (13) bereichsweise gegenüber der zentralen Bohrung (12) an der Umfangsfläche derselben anschmiegend stützt.
Priority Applications (1)
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DK00114195T DK1070856T3 (da) | 1999-07-19 | 2000-07-14 | Indretning til bestemmelse af positionen af et stempel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19933073A DE19933073A1 (de) | 1999-07-19 | 1999-07-19 | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Lage eines Kolbens |
DE19933073 | 1999-07-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1070856A1 EP1070856A1 (de) | 2001-01-24 |
EP1070856B1 true EP1070856B1 (de) | 2005-06-01 |
Family
ID=7914821
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EP00114195A Expired - Lifetime EP1070856B1 (de) | 1999-07-19 | 2000-07-14 | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Lage eines Kolbens |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1070856B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE296964T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19933073A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1070856T3 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101189559B1 (ko) | 2003-10-17 | 2012-10-11 | 클라크 이큅먼트 컴파니 | 유압실린더의 스트로크 위치 센서용 장치 및 설치방법 |
EP1924746B1 (de) | 2005-09-12 | 2016-04-27 | Wirtgen GmbH | Selbstfahrende baumaschine mit hubsäule |
DE102019104768A1 (de) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-08-27 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Hubhöhe einer Kolbenstange innerhalb eines Zylinders |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10059542A1 (de) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-06 | Deere & Co | Landwirtschaftliche Maschine oder Gerät mit Positionierungszylinder |
DE102006062129B4 (de) | 2006-12-22 | 2010-08-05 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Straßenbaumaschine sowie Verfahren zur Messung der Frästiefe |
CN103210182B (zh) * | 2010-10-26 | 2016-12-21 | Jlg工业公司 | 汽缸长度传感器安装/固定组件 |
CN114136254B (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2024-04-09 | 庆安集团有限公司 | 作动器活塞杆可旋转的外置线位移传感器防扭转结构 |
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DE7201445U (de) * | 1972-04-06 | Weiste H | Langenveranderhcher hydraulischer Stellzylinder | |
US2936737A (en) * | 1955-07-25 | 1960-05-17 | Miller J Carter | Rotary actuator |
US3403365A (en) * | 1964-05-04 | 1968-09-24 | Gen Electric | Shielded transducer having means to reduce core movement |
NO123671B (de) * | 1968-12-30 | 1971-12-27 | Norsk Hydro Verksteder A S | |
GB1369673A (en) * | 1972-02-07 | 1974-10-09 | Dowty Mining Equipment Ltd | Fluid-operated jack with position signalling device |
US3956973A (en) * | 1972-07-11 | 1976-05-18 | Basic Aluminum Castings Company | Die casting machine with piston positioning control |
LU66347A1 (de) * | 1972-10-23 | 1973-01-23 | ||
DE2339324A1 (de) * | 1973-08-03 | 1975-02-13 | Rexroth Gmbh G L | Arbeitszylinder mit stellungsanzeigevorrichtung |
FR2216467A1 (de) * | 1973-10-09 | 1974-08-30 | Poclain Sa | |
GB1526211A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1978-09-27 | Hydraulics & Pneumatics Ltd | Devices for producing signals according to the position of a piston in a cylinder |
US4386552A (en) * | 1980-06-16 | 1983-06-07 | Foxwell W John | Power cylinder with internally mounted position indicator |
US4552055A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1985-11-12 | Prince Manufacturing Company | Power cylinder with internally mounted position indicator |
DE8516682U1 (de) * | 1985-06-07 | 1987-01-15 | Hermann Hemscheidt Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 5600 Wuppertal | Vorrichtung zur digitalen Wegbestimmung des Kolbenhubes eines Arbeitszylinders von hydraulischem Schreitausbau |
US6064197A (en) * | 1997-07-26 | 2000-05-16 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Angle sensor having lateral magnetic field sensor element and axial magnetic field direction measuring element for determining angular position |
DE29820636U1 (de) * | 1998-11-18 | 1999-01-28 | Festo AG & Co, 73734 Esslingen | Satz aus mehreren Linearantrieben |
-
1999
- 1999-07-19 DE DE19933073A patent/DE19933073A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-07-14 DE DE50010436T patent/DE50010436D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-14 AT AT00114195T patent/ATE296964T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-14 DK DK00114195T patent/DK1070856T3/da active
- 2000-07-14 EP EP00114195A patent/EP1070856B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101189559B1 (ko) | 2003-10-17 | 2012-10-11 | 클라크 이큅먼트 컴파니 | 유압실린더의 스트로크 위치 센서용 장치 및 설치방법 |
EP1924746B1 (de) | 2005-09-12 | 2016-04-27 | Wirtgen GmbH | Selbstfahrende baumaschine mit hubsäule |
DE102019104768A1 (de) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-08-27 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Hubhöhe einer Kolbenstange innerhalb eines Zylinders |
EP3702628A1 (de) | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-02 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer GmbH & Co. KG | Vorrichtung zur erfassung der hubhöhe einer kolbenstange innerhalb eines zylinders |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ATE296964T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
DK1070856T3 (da) | 2005-10-03 |
DE19933073A1 (de) | 2001-01-25 |
DE50010436D1 (de) | 2005-07-07 |
EP1070856A1 (de) | 2001-01-24 |
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