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EP1042606B1 - Electromagnetically actuatable valve - Google Patents

Electromagnetically actuatable valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1042606B1
EP1042606B1 EP99929071A EP99929071A EP1042606B1 EP 1042606 B1 EP1042606 B1 EP 1042606B1 EP 99929071 A EP99929071 A EP 99929071A EP 99929071 A EP99929071 A EP 99929071A EP 1042606 B1 EP1042606 B1 EP 1042606B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
face
core
armature
spherical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99929071A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1042606A1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Reiter
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1042606A1 publication Critical patent/EP1042606A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0614Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electromagnetic actuatable valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Valves there are already several electromagnetically actuated ones Valves, in particular fuel injection valves, where components subject to wear wear-resistant layers are provided. So is known for example from DE-OS 32 30 844, anchor and Stop surface of a fuel injector with to provide wear-resistant surfaces. These surfaces can be nickel-plated, i.e. with an additional layer be provided, or nitrided, i.e. by storing Be nitrogen hardened.
  • DE-OS 38 10 826 is a fuel injector described, in which at least one stop surface is designed to be extremely precise To reach air gap, being centered on the stop surface an additional round body insert made of non-magnetic, high-strength material is used.
  • the two spherical-spherical stop surfaces touch exactly centered in the area of the valve longitudinal axis.
  • From DE-OS 44 21 935 is already an electromagnetic actuated valve known that a special Has stop area.
  • the valve has at least one Component, the anchor and / or the core that before the application of a wear-resistant layer has a wedge-shaped surface, which correspond to a magnetic and hydraulic Optimum is variable.
  • One by the Has wedge-shaped annular stop portion a defined stop surface width or contact width, which remains constant over the entire service life since Stop surface wear does not result in continuous operation Increasing the contact width leads.
  • the electromagnetically actuated valve according to the invention with the characteristic features of the main claim has the Advantage that one of the abutting components Anchor and core is designed so that after creating a wear-resistant surface ensures that the Stop surface even after a long period of operation Wear is undesirably increased, so that the pull-in and fall times of the moving component are almost remain constant. This is achieved by one of the components striking against each other before generation the wear resistance a spherically curved surface has.
  • the components designed in this way have the advantage of a improved durability, since the stop in Area of an annular contact line in the Is in the middle of the surface and not on those at risk of damage Edge.
  • the simple geometry of the spherically curved face is easy to manufacture and check.
  • the spherical curvature of the end face is designed as a spherical segment or spherical cap segment.
  • Valve closing body along the Valve longitudinal axis axially movable valve needle firmly connect one at the opposite end Arrange valve closing body, the Valve closing body is spherical, and the Center point for the formation of the spherical segment-shaped contour the face of the anchor with the distance of the desired Place the radius in the center of the valve closing body. Even with a large so-called runout deviation of the Valve closing body to the anchor is quite high Tolerance insensitivity of the stroke conditions.
  • Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing shown in simplified form and in the following Description explained in more detail.
  • 1 shows it Electromagnetically actuated valve in the form of a Fuel injector
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged Injector stop in the core and armature area 1 with a geometrical illustration
  • Figure 3 shows a second example of an invention trained stop area
  • Figure 4 a third Example of an attachment area.
  • Electromagnetically actuated valve in the form of a Injector for fuel injection systems from mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines has one surrounded by a magnetic coil 1, as Fuel inlet connector serving core 2, for example is tubular here.
  • a bobbin 3 takes a winding of the magnetic coil 1 and allows in Connection with the core 2 a particularly compact structure of the injection valve in the area of the solenoid coil 1.
  • Valve seat support 12 With a lower core end 9 of the core 2 is concentric a valve longitudinal axis 10 tightly a tubular metal Valve seat support 12 connected for example by welding and partially surrounds the core end 9.
  • Valve seat support 12 extends a longitudinal bore 17, the is formed concentrically with the valve longitudinal axis 10.
  • tubular valve needle 19 In the longitudinal bore 17 is e.g. tubular valve needle 19 arranged, which at its downstream end 20 with a spherical valve closing body 21, on its circumference for example five flats 22 to flow past the Fuel are provided, for example by welding connected is.
  • the injection valve is actuated in a known manner Way electromagnetic.
  • a return spring 25 or closing the injection valve does the electromagnetic circuit serve with the solenoid 1, the core 2 and an anchor 27.
  • the anchor 27 is with the the valve closing body 21 facing away from the end of the valve needle 19 firmly connected and aligned to the core 2.
  • Valve seat support 12 In the downstream end of the core 2 facing away Valve seat support 12 is in the longitudinal bore 17 cylindrical valve seat body 29, which has a fixed Has valve seat, tightly assembled by welding.
  • valve closing body 21 To guide the valve closing body 21 during its An axial movement along the valve longitudinal axis 10 serves Guide opening 32 of the valve seat body 29.
  • the armature 27 becomes part of the axially movable valve needle 19 in the area of a thin-walled magnetic choke point 42 out in the longitudinal bore 17 of the valve seat support 12.
  • the spherical valve closing body 21 interacts with the tapered in the direction of flow Valve seat of the valve seat body 29 together.
  • a cup-shaped, for example formed spray plate 34 concentric and firm connected, e.g. four by eroding or stamping molded injection openings 39.
  • the insertion depth of the valve seat body 29 with the pot-shaped spray plate 34 determines the setting of the stroke of the valve needle 19.
  • the one end position the valve needle 19 when the solenoid 1 is not energized the system of the valve closing body 21 on the valve seat of Valve seat body 29 set while the other End position of the valve needle 19 when the magnet coil 1 is excited results from the installation of the armature 27 at the core end 9.
  • This stop area according to the invention is closer with a circle marked and in Figure 2 with a changed scale shown again.
  • Adjustment sleeve 48 is used to adjust the spring preload the return spring 25 resting on the adjusting sleeve 48, which in turn is on the opposite side of the Valve needle 19 supports.
  • the injection valve is largely with a Plastic encapsulation 50 enclosed, which is from the core 2nd starting in the axial direction via the magnetic coil 1 to Valve seat support 12 extends.
  • a Plastic extrusion 50 is one example co-molded electrical connector 52.
  • a fuel filter 61 projects into the flow bore 46 of the Core 2 at its inlet end and ensures filtering out such fuel components, the due to their size in the injector clogging or Can cause damage.
  • one of the two is opposite End faces of the core 2 or the armature 27 in Spherical, especially spherical, spherical segment or spherical segment segment arched, with the ring-shaped formation of core 2nd and anchor 27 ultimately an end face an annular Sphere forms.
  • a dash-dot line is 70 1 shows a radius as a circular section in order to illustrate this convex curvature.
  • the center point 71 lies with a radius R (FIG. 2) provided (imaginary) ball in the center of the spherical valve closing body 21, i.e. at the point on which the valve longitudinal axis 10 the plane of the spherical equator of the valve closing body 21 pierces.
  • FIG 2 is that in Figure 1 with a circle marked stop area enlarged again shown.
  • the upper end face 73 facing the core 2 the armature 27 is with a constant radius spherical, convex.
  • it is Lower end face 74 of core 2 facing armature 27 is flat and executed obliquely inclined to the valve longitudinal axis 10.
  • the inclination of the end face 74 is chosen so that the End face 74 at a desired point of contact 75 of Anchor 27 (only looking at the drawing level) or at one desired annular contact line 75 of the armature 27 (viewed as a real three-dimensional component) tangential runs to the surface of the sphere.
  • the center point 71 is one with the radius R provided (imaginary) ball for the to be formed spherical section-shaped end face 73 of the armature 27 in advantageously in the center of the spherical Valve closing body 21.
  • the center point 71 for the (imaginary) ball it is also possible to set the center point 71 for the (imaginary) ball to achieve the spherical section End face 73 of armature 27 on valve longitudinal axis 10 in to shift both directions so that the spherical segment-shaped end face 73 a smaller or has a larger radius than the radius R according to FIG. 2.
  • the center of rotation should be on the Valve longitudinal axis 10 lie around a uniform curvature of the End face 73 over its entire ring extension to reach.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show two further examples of Stop areas designed according to the invention.
  • the lower end face 74 of the core 2 is thus curved in the shape of a spherical segment, while the upper end face 73 of the armature 27 is flat and oblique runs inclined to the valve longitudinal axis 10.
  • the center 71 the (imaginary) ball lies far above the Core end 9 on the valve longitudinal axis 10.
  • Figure 4 shows a more difficult manufacturing technology example to be produced, in which not only a center 71 an (imaginary) ball for the production of the arched spherical segment-shaped end face 73 of the armature 27 exist. Rather, there are a number of pivot points off the valve longitudinal axis 10 and even outside of Circumference of the armature 27 to a uniform curvature over the to achieve the entire end face 73 in the circumferential direction.
  • end faces 73, 74 can be at least partially in the middle area by treating the surface be made wear-resistant by means of a hardening process.
  • a hardening process e.g. the well-known Nitriding processes, such as plasma nitriding or gas nitriding, or carburizing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Ventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on an electromagnetic actuatable valve according to the preamble of the main claim.

Es sind bereits verschiedene elektromagnetisch betätigbare Ventile, insbesondere Brennstoffeinspritzventile bekannt, bei denen verschleißbeanspruchte Bauteile mit verschleißfesten Schichten versehen sind. So ist beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 32 30 844 bekannt, Anker und Anschlagfläche eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit verschleißfesten Oberflächen zu versehen. Diese Oberflächen können vernickelt, also mit einer zusätzlichen Schicht versehen sein, oder nitriert, also durch Einlagerung von Stickstoff gehärtet sein.There are already several electromagnetically actuated ones Valves, in particular fuel injection valves, where components subject to wear wear-resistant layers are provided. So is known for example from DE-OS 32 30 844, anchor and Stop surface of a fuel injector with to provide wear-resistant surfaces. These surfaces can be nickel-plated, i.e. with an additional layer be provided, or nitrided, i.e. by storing Be nitrogen hardened.

In der DE-OS 38 10 826 ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil beschrieben, bei dem wenigstens eine Anschlagfläche kugelkalottenförmig ausgeführt ist, um einen äußerst exakten Luftspalt zu erreichen, wobei mittig an der Anschlagfläche ein zusätzlicher Rundkörpereinsatz aus nichtmagnetischem, hochfestem Werkstoff eingesetzt ist. Die beiden kugelkalottenförmigen Anschlagflächen berühren sich genau mittig im Bereich der Ventillängsachse. In DE-OS 38 10 826 is a fuel injector described, in which at least one stop surface is designed to be extremely precise To reach air gap, being centered on the stop surface an additional round body insert made of non-magnetic, high-strength material is used. The two spherical-spherical stop surfaces touch exactly centered in the area of the valve longitudinal axis.

Aus der DE-OS 44 21 935 ist schon ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil bekannt, das einen speziellen Anschlagbereich aufweist. Das Ventil besitzt wenigstens ein Bauteil, den Anker und/oder den Kern, das vor dem Aufbringen einer verschleißfesten Schicht eine keilige Oberfläche hat, die entsprechend einem magnetischen und hydraulischen Optimum jeweils variabel herstellbar ist. Ein durch die Keiligkeit gebildeter ringförmiger Anschlagabschnitt besitzt eine definierte Anschlagflächenbreite bzw. Kontaktbreite, die über die gesamte Lebensdauer konstant bleibt, da ein Anschlagflächenverschleiß bei Dauerbetrieb nicht zu einer Vergrößerung der Kontaktbreite führt.From DE-OS 44 21 935 is already an electromagnetic actuated valve known that a special Has stop area. The valve has at least one Component, the anchor and / or the core that before the application of a wear-resistant layer has a wedge-shaped surface, which correspond to a magnetic and hydraulic Optimum is variable. One by the Has wedge-shaped annular stop portion a defined stop surface width or contact width, which remains constant over the entire service life since Stop surface wear does not result in continuous operation Increasing the contact width leads.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße elektromagnetisch betätigbare Ventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat den Vorteil, daß eines der aneinander anschlagenden Bauteile Anker und Kern so gestaltet ist, daß nach dem Erzeugen einer verschleißfesten Oberfläche gewährleistet ist, daß die Anschlagfläche auch nach längerer Betriebszeit nicht durch Verschleiß in unerwünschter Weise vergrößert wird, so daß die Anzugs- und Abfallzeiten des beweglichen Bauteils nahezu konstant bleiben. Das wird dadurch erreicht, daß eines der aneinander anschlagenden Bauteile bereits vor dem Erzeugen der Verschleißfestigkeit eine sphärisch gewölbte Oberfläche besitzt.The electromagnetically actuated valve according to the invention with the characteristic features of the main claim has the Advantage that one of the abutting components Anchor and core is designed so that after creating a wear-resistant surface ensures that the Stop surface even after a long period of operation Wear is undesirably increased, so that the pull-in and fall times of the moving component are almost remain constant. This is achieved by one of the components striking against each other before generation the wear resistance a spherically curved surface has.

Die derart ausgebildeten Bauteile besitzen den Vorteil einer verbesserten Dauerlaufbeständigkeit, da der Anschlag im Bereich einer ringförmigen Berührungslinie in der Flächenmitte ist und nicht an den beschädigungsgefährdeten Kanten.The components designed in this way have the advantage of a improved durability, since the stop in Area of an annular contact line in the Is in the middle of the surface and not on those at risk of damage Edge.

Die einfache Geometrie der sphärisch gewölbten Stirnfläche ist gut herstellbar und überprüfbar. The simple geometry of the spherically curved face is easy to manufacture and check.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Ventils möglich.By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous developments and improvements in Main claim specified electromagnetically actuated Valve possible.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, aufgrund des geringsten Fertigungsaufwandes die sphärische Wölbung der Stirnfläche als Kugelabschnitt bzw. Kugelkalottenabschnitt auszubilden.It is particularly advantageous because of the least Manufacturing effort the spherical curvature of the end face to be designed as a spherical segment or spherical cap segment.

Von Vorteil ist es, den Anker mit einer entlang der Ventillängsachse axial bewegbaren Ventilnadel fest zu verbinden, an dem gegenüberliegenden Ende einen Ventilschließkörper anzuordnen, wobei der Ventilschließkörper kugelförmig ausgeformt ist, und den Mittelpunkt zur Bildung der kugelabschnittförmigen Kontur der Stirnfläche am Anker mit dem Abstand des gewünschten Radius in den Mittelpunkt des Ventilschließkörpers zu legen. Auch bei großer sogenannter Rundlaufabweichung des Ventilschließkörpers zum Anker liegt eine recht hohe Toleranzunempfindlichkeit der Anschlagverhältnisse vor.It is advantageous to use an anchor along the Valve longitudinal axis axially movable valve needle firmly connect one at the opposite end Arrange valve closing body, the Valve closing body is spherical, and the Center point for the formation of the spherical segment-shaped contour the face of the anchor with the distance of the desired Place the radius in the center of the valve closing body. Even with a large so-called runout deviation of the Valve closing body to the anchor is quite high Tolerance insensitivity of the stroke conditions.

Mit dieser Ausbildung des Anschlagbereichs wird eine gute hydraulische Anschlagdämpfung erzielt, da durch den relativ großen Radius enge Quetschspalte von < 10 µm gebildet sind.With this design of the stop area is a good one hydraulic shock absorption achieved because of the relative large radius, narrow pinch gaps of <10 µm are formed.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil in Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils, Figur 2 einen vergrößerten Anschlag des Einspritzventils im Bereich von Kern und Anker gemäß Figur 1 mit einer geometrischen Veranschaulichung, Figur 3 ein zweites Beispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Anschlagbereichs und Figur 4 ein drittes Beispiel eines Anschlagbereichs.Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing shown in simplified form and in the following Description explained in more detail. 1 shows it Electromagnetically actuated valve in the form of a Fuel injector, Figure 2 is an enlarged Injector stop in the core and armature area 1 with a geometrical illustration, Figure 3 shows a second example of an invention trained stop area and Figure 4 a third Example of an attachment area.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Das in der Figur 1 beispielhaft dargestellte elektromagnetisch betätigbare Ventil in der Form eines Einspritzventils für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen hat einen von einer Magnetspule 1 umgebenen, als Brennstoffeinlaßstutzen dienenden Kern 2, der beispielsweise hier rohrförmig ausgebildet ist. Ein Spulenkörper 3 nimmt eine Bewicklung der Magnetspule 1 auf und ermöglicht in Verbindung mit dem Kern 2 einen besonders kompakten Aufbau des Einspritzventils im Bereich der Magnetspule 1.The example shown in Figure 1 Electromagnetically actuated valve in the form of a Injector for fuel injection systems from mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines has one surrounded by a magnetic coil 1, as Fuel inlet connector serving core 2, for example is tubular here. A bobbin 3 takes a winding of the magnetic coil 1 and allows in Connection with the core 2 a particularly compact structure of the injection valve in the area of the solenoid coil 1.

Mit einem unteren Kernende 9 des Kerns 2 ist konzentrisch zu einer Ventillängsachse 10 dicht ein rohrförmiger metallener Ventilsitzträger 12 beispielsweise durch Schweißen verbunden und umgibt dabei das Kernende 9 teilweise. In dem Ventilsitzträger 12 verläuft eine Längsbohrung 17, die konzentrisch zu der Ventillängsachse 10 ausgebildet ist. In der Längsbohrung 17 ist eine z.B. rohrförmige Ventilnadel 19 angeordnet, die an ihrem stromabwärtigen Ende 20 mit einem kugelförmigen Ventilschließkörper 21, an dessen Umfang beispielsweise fünf Abflachungen 22 zum Vorbeiströmen des Brennstoffs vorgesehen sind, beispielsweise durch Schweißen verbunden ist.With a lower core end 9 of the core 2 is concentric a valve longitudinal axis 10 tightly a tubular metal Valve seat support 12 connected for example by welding and partially surrounds the core end 9. By doing Valve seat support 12 extends a longitudinal bore 17, the is formed concentrically with the valve longitudinal axis 10. In the longitudinal bore 17 is e.g. tubular valve needle 19 arranged, which at its downstream end 20 with a spherical valve closing body 21, on its circumference for example five flats 22 to flow past the Fuel are provided, for example by welding connected is.

Die Betätigung des Einspritzventils erfolgt in bekannter Weise elektromagnetisch. Zur axialen Bewegung der Ventilnadel 19 und damit zum Öffnen entgegen der Federkraft einer Rückstellfeder 25 bzw. Schließen des Einspritzventils dient der elektromagnetische Kreis u.a. mit der Magnetspule 1, dem Kern 2 und einem Anker 27. Der Anker 27 ist mit dem dem Ventilschließkörper 21 abgewandten Ende der Ventilnadel 19 fest verbunden und auf den Kern 2 ausgerichtet. In das stromabwärts liegende, dem Kern 2 abgewandte Ende des Ventilsitzträgers 12 ist in der Längsbohrung 17 ein zylinderförmiger Ventilsitzkörper 29, der einen festen Ventilsitz aufweist, durch Schweißen dicht montiert.The injection valve is actuated in a known manner Way electromagnetic. For the axial movement of the Valve needle 19 and thus to open against the spring force a return spring 25 or closing the injection valve does the electromagnetic circuit serve with the solenoid 1, the core 2 and an anchor 27. The anchor 27 is with the the valve closing body 21 facing away from the end of the valve needle 19 firmly connected and aligned to the core 2. In the downstream end of the core 2 facing away Valve seat support 12 is in the longitudinal bore 17 cylindrical valve seat body 29, which has a fixed Has valve seat, tightly assembled by welding.

Zur Führung des Ventilschließkörpers 21 während seiner Axialbewegung entlang der Ventillängsachse 10 dient eine Führungsöffnung 32 des Ventilsitzkörpers 29. Andererseits wird der Anker 27 als Teil der axial beweglichen Ventilnadel 19 im Bereich einer dünnwandigen magnetischen Drosselstelle 42 in der Längsbohrung 17 des Ventilsitzträgers 12 geführt. Der kugelförmige Ventilschließkörper 21 wirkt mit dem sich in Strömungsrichtung kegelstumpfförmig verjüngenden Ventilsitz des Ventilsitzkörpers 29 zusammen. An seiner dem Ventilschließkörper 21 abgewandten Stirnseite ist der Ventilsitzkörper 29 mit einer beispielsweise topfförmig ausgebildeten Spritzlochscheibe 34 konzentrisch und fest, verbunden, die z.B. vier durch Erodieren oder Stanzen ausgeformte Abspritzöffnungen 39 aufweist.To guide the valve closing body 21 during its An axial movement along the valve longitudinal axis 10 serves Guide opening 32 of the valve seat body 29. On the other hand the armature 27 becomes part of the axially movable valve needle 19 in the area of a thin-walled magnetic choke point 42 out in the longitudinal bore 17 of the valve seat support 12. The spherical valve closing body 21 interacts with the tapered in the direction of flow Valve seat of the valve seat body 29 together. At its the Valve closing body 21 facing away from the front Valve seat body 29 with a cup-shaped, for example formed spray plate 34 concentric and firm, connected, e.g. four by eroding or stamping molded injection openings 39.

Die Einschubtiefe des Ventilsitzkörpers 29 mit der topfförmigen Spritzlochscheibe 34 bestimmt die Einstellung des Hubs der Ventilnadel 19. Dabei ist die eine Endstellung der Ventilnadel 19 bei nicht erregter Magnetspule 1 durch die Anlage des Ventilschließkörpers 21 am Ventilsitz des Ventilsitzkörpers 29 festgelegt, während sich die andere Endstellung der Ventilnadel 19 bei erregter Magnetspule 1 durch die Anlage des Ankers 27 am Kernende 9 ergibt. Dieser erfindungsgemäße Anschlagbereich ist mit einem Kreis näher gekennzeichnet und in Figur 2 mit geändertem Maßstab nochmals dargestellt.The insertion depth of the valve seat body 29 with the pot-shaped spray plate 34 determines the setting of the stroke of the valve needle 19. The one end position the valve needle 19 when the solenoid 1 is not energized the system of the valve closing body 21 on the valve seat of Valve seat body 29 set while the other End position of the valve needle 19 when the magnet coil 1 is excited results from the installation of the armature 27 at the core end 9. This stop area according to the invention is closer with a circle marked and in Figure 2 with a changed scale shown again.

Eine in eine konzentrisch zur Ventillängsachse 10 verlaufende Strömungsbohrung 46 des Kerns 2 eingeschobene Einstellhülse 48 dient zur Einstellung der Federvorspannung der an der Einstellhülse 48 anliegenden Rückstellfeder 25, die sich wiederum mit ihrer gegenüberliegenden Seite an der Ventilnadel 19 abstützt.One in a concentric to the valve longitudinal axis 10 running flow bore 46 of the core 2 inserted Adjustment sleeve 48 is used to adjust the spring preload the return spring 25 resting on the adjusting sleeve 48, which in turn is on the opposite side of the Valve needle 19 supports.

Das Einspritzventil ist weitgehend mit einer Kunststoffumspritzung 50 umschlossen, die sich vom Kern 2 ausgehend in axialer Richtung über die Magnetspule 1 bis zum Ventilsitzträger 12 erstreckt. Zu dieser Kunststoffumspritzung 50 gehört beispielsweise ein mitangespritzter elektrischer Anschlußstecker 52.The injection valve is largely with a Plastic encapsulation 50 enclosed, which is from the core 2nd starting in the axial direction via the magnetic coil 1 to Valve seat support 12 extends. To this Plastic extrusion 50 is one example co-molded electrical connector 52.

Ein Brennstoffilter 61 ragt in die Strömungsbohrung 46 des Kerns 2 an dessen zulaufseitigem Ende hinein und sorgt für die Herausfiltrierung solcher Brennstoffbestandteile, die aufgrund ihrer Größe im Einspritzventil Verstopfungen oder Beschädigungen verursachen könnten.A fuel filter 61 projects into the flow bore 46 of the Core 2 at its inlet end and ensures filtering out such fuel components, the due to their size in the injector clogging or Could cause damage.

Erfindungsgemäß ist eine der beiden sich gegenüberliegenden Stirnflächen des Kerns 2 bzw. des Ankers 27 im Anschlagbereich sphärisch, insbesondere kuglig, kugelabschnittförmig bzw. kugelkalottenabschnittförmig gewölbt, wobei durch die ringförmige Ausbildung von Kern 2 und Anker 27 letztlich eine Stirnfläche einen ringförmigen Kugelabschnitt bildet. Mit einer Strich-Punkt-Linie 70 ist in Figur 1 ein Radius als Kreisabschnitt dargestellt, um diese konvexe Wölbung zu verdeutlichen. In idealer Weise liegt der Mittelpunkt 71 einer mit dem Radius R (Figur 2) versehenen (gedachten) Kugel im Mittelpunkt des kugelförmigen Ventilschließkörpers 21, also an der Stelle, an der die Ventillängsachse 10 die Ebene des Kugeläquators des Ventilschließkörpers 21 durchstößt.According to the invention, one of the two is opposite End faces of the core 2 or the armature 27 in Spherical, especially spherical, spherical segment or spherical segment segment arched, with the ring-shaped formation of core 2nd and anchor 27 ultimately an end face an annular Sphere forms. With a dash-dot line is 70 1 shows a radius as a circular section in order to illustrate this convex curvature. In an ideal way the center point 71 lies with a radius R (FIG. 2) provided (imaginary) ball in the center of the spherical valve closing body 21, i.e. at the point on which the valve longitudinal axis 10 the plane of the spherical equator of the valve closing body 21 pierces.

In der Figur 2 ist der in Figur 1 mit einem Kreis gekennzeichnete Anschlagbereich nochmals vergrößert dargestellt. Die dem Kern 2 zugewandte obere Stirnfläche 73 des Ankers 27 ist dabei mit einem konstanten Radius kugelförmig, konvex gewölbt ausgeformt. Hingegen ist die dem Anker 27 zugewandte untere Stirnfläche 74 des Kerns 2 eben und schräg geneigt zur Ventillängsachse 10 ausgeführt. Die Neigung der Stirnfläche 74 ist dabei so gewählt, daß die Stirnfläche 74 an einem gewünschten Berührungspunkt 75 des Ankers 27 (nur die Zeichnungsebene betrachtet) bzw. an einer gewünschten ringförmigen Berührungslinie 75 des Ankers 27 (als reales dreidimensionales Bauteil betrachtet) tangential zur Kugeloberfläche verläuft. Wie bereits vorhergehend beschrieben, liegt der Mittelpunkt 71 einer mit dem Radius R versehenen (gedachten) Kugel für die zu bildende kugelabschnittförmige Stirnfläche 73 des Ankers 27 in vorteilhafter Weise im Mittelpunkt des kugelförmigen Ventilschließkörpers 21. Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung des Anschlagbereichs wird eine gute hydraulische Anschlagdämpfung erzielt, da durch den relativ großen Radius R (für das in Figur 1 dargestellte Ventil beträgt R ca. 24 mm) enge Quetschspalte von < 10 µm gebildet sind.In Figure 2 is that in Figure 1 with a circle marked stop area enlarged again shown. The upper end face 73 facing the core 2 the armature 27 is with a constant radius spherical, convex. On the other hand, it is Lower end face 74 of core 2 facing armature 27 is flat and executed obliquely inclined to the valve longitudinal axis 10. The The inclination of the end face 74 is chosen so that the End face 74 at a desired point of contact 75 of Anchor 27 (only looking at the drawing level) or at one desired annular contact line 75 of the armature 27 (viewed as a real three-dimensional component) tangential runs to the surface of the sphere. As before described, the center point 71 is one with the radius R provided (imaginary) ball for the to be formed spherical section-shaped end face 73 of the armature 27 in advantageously in the center of the spherical Valve closing body 21. With this invention Training the sling area becomes a good hydraulic Shock absorption achieved because of the relatively large radius R (for the valve shown in FIG. 1, R is approx. 24 mm) narrow pinch gaps of <10 µm are formed.

Neben dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist es jedoch auch möglich, den Mittelpunkt 71 für die (gedachte) Kugel zur Erzielung der kugelabschnittförmigen Stirnfläche 73 des Ankers 27 auf der Ventillängsachse 10 in beide Richtungen zu verschieben, so daß die kugelabschnittförmige Stirnfläche 73 einen kleineren oder größeren Radius aufweist als den Radius R gemäß Figur 2. In vorteilhafter Weise sollte der Drehmittelpunkt aber auf der Ventillängsachse 10 liegen, um eine einheitliche Wölbung der Stirnfläche 73 über ihre gesamte Ringerstreckung zu erreichen.In addition to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 however, it is also possible to set the center point 71 for the (imaginary) ball to achieve the spherical section End face 73 of armature 27 on valve longitudinal axis 10 in to shift both directions so that the spherical segment-shaped end face 73 a smaller or has a larger radius than the radius R according to FIG. 2. In advantageously, the center of rotation should be on the Valve longitudinal axis 10 lie around a uniform curvature of the End face 73 over its entire ring extension to reach.

In den Figuren 3 und 4 sind zwei weitere Beispiele von erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Anschlagbereichen dargestellt. Dabei sind bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 nur die Stirnflächen 73, 74 vertauscht gegenüber der Anordnung nach Figur 2 ausgeführt. Die untere Stirnfläche 74 des Kerns 2 ist also kugelabschnittförmig gewölbt ausgebildet, während die obere Stirnfläche 73 des Ankers 27 eben und schräg geneigt zur Ventillängsachse 10 verläuft. Der Mittelpunkt 71 der (gedachten) Kugel liegt hierbei weit oberhalb des Kernendes 9 auf der Ventillängsachse 10.FIGS. 3 and 4 show two further examples of Stop areas designed according to the invention. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, only the End faces 73, 74 interchanged with respect to the arrangement Figure 2 executed. The lower end face 74 of the core 2 is thus curved in the shape of a spherical segment, while the upper end face 73 of the armature 27 is flat and oblique runs inclined to the valve longitudinal axis 10. The center 71 the (imaginary) ball lies far above the Core end 9 on the valve longitudinal axis 10.

Figur 4 zeigt ein fertigungstechnisch eher schwieriger herzustellendes Beispiel, bei dem nicht nur ein Mittelpunkt 71 einer (gedachten) Kugel zur Herstellung der gewölbten kugelabschnittförmigen Stirnfläche 73 des Ankers 27 existiert. Vielmehr liegt eine Vielzahl von Drehpunkten abseits der Ventillängsachse 10 und sogar außerhalb des Umfangs des Ankers 27, um eine gleichmäßige Wölbung über die gesamte Stirnfläche 73 in Umfangsrichtung zu erzielen.Figure 4 shows a more difficult manufacturing technology example to be produced, in which not only a center 71 an (imaginary) ball for the production of the arched spherical segment-shaped end face 73 of the armature 27 exist. Rather, there are a number of pivot points off the valve longitudinal axis 10 and even outside of Circumference of the armature 27 to a uniform curvature over the to achieve the entire end face 73 in the circumferential direction.

Alle Ausführungsbeispiele besitzen den Vorteil einer verbesserten Dauerlaufbeständigkeit, da der Anschlag (Berührungslinie 75) in der Flächenmitte ist und nicht an den beschädigungsgefährdeten Kanten.All of the exemplary embodiments have the advantage of improved durability, because the stop (Contact line 75) is in the middle of the surface and not on the edges at risk of damage.

Auf die Stirnflächen 73, 74 werden beispielsweise noch dünne metallische Schichten, z.B. Chrom- oder Nickelschichten, mittels Galvanisieren aufgebracht. Diese Schichten sind besonders verschleißfest und reduzieren ein hydraulisches Kleben der anschlagenden Flächen.On the end faces 73, 74, for example, are still thin metallic layers, e.g. Chrome or nickel layers, applied by electroplating. These layers are particularly wear-resistant and reduce hydraulic Glue the striking surfaces.

Außerdem können die Stirnflächen 73, 74 zumindest teilweise im mittleren Bereich durch eine Behandlung der Oberfläche mittels eines Härteverfahrens verschleißfest gemacht werden. Als Härteverfahren sind hierzu z.B. die bekannten Nitrierverfahren, wie Plasmanitrieren oder Gasnitrieren, oder Carburieren geeignet. Durch den Einsatz von Härteverfahren, durch die die Oberflächenstruktur an Anker 27 und/oder Kern 2 verändert wird, kann sogar ganz auf Verfahren zur unmittelbaren Beschichtung verzichtet werden.In addition, the end faces 73, 74 can be at least partially in the middle area by treating the surface be made wear-resistant by means of a hardening process. As a hardening process, e.g. the well-known Nitriding processes, such as plasma nitriding or gas nitriding, or carburizing. Through the use of Hardening process by which the surface structure on anchor 27 and / or core 2 is changed, can even be entirely on Processes for immediate coating can be dispensed with.

Claims (9)

  1. Electromagnetically actuatable valve, in particular fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, with a longitudinal valve axis (10), with a core (2) of ferromagnetic material having an end face (74), with a magnetic coil (1) and with an armature (27) having an end face (73), which armature actuates a valve closing body (21) interacting with a fixed valve seat (29) and, when the magnetic coil (1) is excited, is drawn against the end face (74) of the core (2) serving as a stop, one of the two end faces (73, 74) of the components comprising the armature (27) and the core (2) that are respectively directed towards the other opposing component having a spherically curved contour, and the two end faces (73, 74) having stop regions, characterized in that the stop regions of the two end faces (73, 74) of the components comprising the armature (27) and the core (2) extend constantly in the circumferential direction in an annular manner.
  2. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the end face (73) of the armature (27) that is facing the core (2) is shaped in the form of a spherical segment and the opposing end face (74) of the core (2) runs in a planar manner and obliquely inclined in relation to the longitudinal valve axis (10).
  3. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the end face (74) of the core (2) that is facing the armature (27) is shaped in the form of a spherical segment and the opposing end face (73) of the armature (27) runs in a planar manner and obliquely inclined in relation to the longitudinal valve axis (10).
  4. Valve according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the spherical-segment-shaped end face (73, 74) has an annular contact line (75) and the opposing end face (73, 74) runs tangentially in relation to this contact line (75) in the state of contact.
  5. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spherical-segment-shaped contour of the end face (73, 74) has a constant radius R.
  6. Valve according to Claim 5, characterized in that the centre point (71) for the forming of the spherical-segment-shaped contour of the end face (73, 74) lies on the longitudinal valve axis at the distance of the radius R.
  7. Valve according to Claim 6, characterized in that the armature (27) is firmly connected to a valve needle (19) which can be moved axially along the longitudinal valve axis (10) and at the opposing end of which the valve closing body (21) is arranged, the valve closing body (21) being spherically shaped, and the centre point (71) for the forming of the spherical-segment-shaped contour of the end face (73) lying at the centre point of the valve closing body (21) at the distance of the radius R.
  8. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the core (2) and/or the armature (27) are coated in the region of the end face (73, 74).
  9. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the core (2) and/or the armature (27) are treated in the region of the end face (73 , 74) by means of a hardening process.
EP99929071A 1998-07-24 1999-05-03 Electromagnetically actuatable valve Expired - Lifetime EP1042606B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833461A DE19833461A1 (en) 1998-07-24 1998-07-24 Electromagnetically operated valve for fuel injection compressed mixtures and external fuel ignition has specially designed impact area acting as core or relay armature
DE19833461 1998-07-24
PCT/DE1999/001286 WO2000006893A1 (en) 1998-07-24 1999-05-03 Electromagnetically actuatable valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1042606A1 EP1042606A1 (en) 2000-10-11
EP1042606B1 true EP1042606B1 (en) 2004-08-04

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EP99929071A Expired - Lifetime EP1042606B1 (en) 1998-07-24 1999-05-03 Electromagnetically actuatable valve

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US (1) US6302371B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1042606B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002521614A (en)
KR (1) KR20010023935A (en)
BR (1) BR9906617A (en)
DE (2) DE19833461A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2226401T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2226615C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000006893A1 (en)

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WO2000006893A1 (en) 2000-02-10
JP2002521614A (en) 2002-07-16
DE59910132D1 (en) 2004-09-09
US6302371B1 (en) 2001-10-16
BR9906617A (en) 2000-09-19
RU2226615C2 (en) 2004-04-10
DE19833461A1 (en) 2000-01-27
KR20010023935A (en) 2001-03-26
EP1042606A1 (en) 2000-10-11
ES2226401T3 (en) 2005-03-16

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