EP1039999A2

EP1039999A2 - Reinforcing material with flexible, filler-absorptive fiber material

Info

Publication number: EP1039999A2
Application number: EP98958842A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Josef Scherer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-09-15
Filing date: 1998-09-15
Publication date: 2000-10-04
Also published as: WO1999014038A2; WO1999014038A3; AU1484699A

Abstract

The invention relates to a reinforcing material, in particular an extensive reinforcing material for building surfaces and fillers, as well as for road surfaces, comprising flexible and/or ductile fiber material capable of absorbing viscous, free-flowing or solidifying filler. The invention seeks to create an improved reinforcing or surface construction enabling rational production of a reinforced building or building element, and guaranteeing reliable binding between the reinforcement and the filler. To this end, the reinforcing material comprises at least one support layer (TS), consisting at least partially of fiber material, and designed so as to be non-tensile and rigid in two mutually angled directions within its surface area. The reinforcing material also comprises a connecting layer (VS) which contains molten, thermoplastic or heat-bonding material. The surfaces of the connecting layer (VS) and the support layer (TS) are connected to each other by capillary absorption into the fiber cavities of the support layer, by melting on, or by cementing.

Description

Reinforcement material with bendable fiber material that can be absorbed for filler

The invention relates to reinforcing material, in particular sheet-like reinforcing material for building surfaces and fillings as well as for road and building coverings, with soft and / or soft plastic bend-deformable and for viscous or flowable and solidifiable filler absorbent fiber material. The subject matter of the invention also includes a building or part of a building created with such reinforcing material and a corresponding manufacturing method.

Reinforcing materials of the type mentioned are known to be used in road and building coverings. The load-bearing component of the reinforcement there consists of elastomer or plastic fiber material with a comparatively low tensile modulus of elasticity, for example of polypropylene or polyester. For the reinforcement of the bituminous masses commonly used in pavement and road construction, which are mixed with fine-grained rock material (e.g. split), load-bearing reinforcement components with glass fibers are also known, in a lattice form with mesh widths of less than about 10 mm. The binding of the reinforcement with the covering, however, depends on the penetration of the fiber material with bitumen mass, which entails a high level of work intensity and care in the production of such a composite covering. It is also generally necessary to fix the reinforcement over the entire surface, for example by nailing, in order to avoid the formation of undulations in the surface of the covering. In addition, the tensile modulus of elasticity has Lattice strands in the framework materials known for bitumen or asphalt embedding are comparatively low, which, when the embedding compound is rigid, only permits a correspondingly low load transfer by the fibers and thus a low reinforcement against crack formation.

In view of these circumstances, a first object of the invention is to create a reinforcement or covering construction which is improved with regard to the rational producibility of a reinforced structure or structural part and with regard to the reliability of the bond between the reinforcement and the filling compound. The solution to this invention problem is determined by the features of patent claim 1.

The special advantages that can be achieved with the invention correspond to optional developments of the first task of the invention. The corresponding solution variants are defined in the assigned claims. The applications according to the invention are of particular importance here because it is precisely the transfer of reinforcement measures from other technical applications to the field of bitumen reinforcement technology that can show particularly advantageous and surprising effects. This is related to the solidification that is only partially present in the range of the usual ambient temperatures, with elastic behavior against short-term loads, but with significant creep or flow deformation under long-term loads.

Elastic compliance and creep deformation under load are matched in the production state of the bituminous covering filler materials in such a way that a desired reduction of stress tensions and, in the long term, an adaptation to a subsiding surface occurs. Typical for However, bituminous masses are an inevitable aging with a substantial reduction in elastic compliance and long-term flowability, ie with a reduction in the ability to reduce stress peaks under impact loads.

This is where the special properties of the design and application measures according to the invention come into effect. As a result of the improved, namely stiffer stress transmission between the reinforcement and bitumen filler, the latter is largely relieved of stress peaks and protected against cracking even when aging occurs. In this context, the specified dimensioning of the mesh and the required strength and elongation at break values of the framework material are essential.

In the present context, according to known technology, glass fiber framework materials are only used in connection with random fiber material consisting of comparatively soft plastic fibers. On the other hand, the use of tangled glass fiber material in bitumen covering technology is known neither in the form of tensile or rigid reinforcement elements nor in connection with such elements, but only in the form of shock-absorbing inserts or intermediate layers.

At the same time, it also depends on the load-balancing and shock-absorbing effect of the tangled fiber material. According to the invention, the non-positive or material connection between the framework material and the random fiber material brings decisive advantages here, even in the prefabrication, because the connection can be made particularly intensively and reliably. Added to this is the work-related rationalization of the installation. According to the invention, the use of plastic tangled fiber material is particularly considered in this context. However, special effects can occur also result from the use of tangled fiber material with mineral or, in particular, glass fiber components. In any case, it is important to have a high and long-term flexural elasticity of the fibers and their high absorbency or capillary action, which means that the connection with the filler material, which is flowable when installed, and thus the entire force or Material bond in the covering is improved. Within the scope of the invention, this variant may even work with comparatively narrow-meshed framework materials.

A particularly important further development of the task of the invention has resulted from practice insofar as the introduction of the filling compound, which is still in a viscous state, into the fiber material can cause difficulties. For high alternating loads on the building surface, as is especially the case with traffic roads, the required stability can only be achieved with a perfect internal connection of the reinforcement, i.e. with a uniform penetration and mutual adhesion of fiber material and filling compound. This can hardly be ensured with the previously known technology, especially because of the usual manufacture or at least completion of the reinforcement on site, in the offered uniform quality and possibly with a particularly high amount of work. In addition, in the case of conventional technology, it is generally necessary to fix the reinforcement over the surface, e.g. by nailing in order to achieve a reasonably uniform external bond between the sub-surface and the reinforcement and to avoid the formation of undulating unevenness in the surface of the covering.

Accordingly, the mentioned further development of the task of the invention consists in the creation of a rational production and installation as well as reliability of the inner and outer bond improved reinforcement material. With regard to the reinforcing material, the solution to this object according to the invention is determined by the features of claim 2, with regard to the reinforcement manufacturing method by the features of claims 38 and 39. and with regard to the building or covering manufacturing method by the features of claims 42 and 43.

As far as the function of the features of claim 2 is concerned, it is above all a filling of the random fiber layer and the lattice-shaped support element made of material which is flowable or soft plastic deformable in the processing state and which enables the reinforcement material to be manufactured or prefabricated independently of the conditions on Installation location possible under favorable working conditions, thus ensuring a high internal bond quality and, in conjunction with the specified high tensile strength values of the lattice strands, excellent stability. In the context of a special development, the introduction of pressure of the viscous or even only plastically deformable filler material into the unit comprising the random fiber layer and the grid-shaped support element, in particular by rolling, is important. Such a pressure application can be carried out extremely efficiently and reliably in a prefabrication, for example in a continuous process. The latter also applies to the important metering of the mass or volume areal density of the filling material, preferably with a certain excess with respect to a mere filling of the void space in the fiber material. This dosing enables a reliable material connection between the reinforcement and the subsurface when installing the reinforcement, ie a perfect external bond, without the practically unavoidable uncertainties of the dosing on site. In the case of the preferably used thermoplastic, in particular polymer-bituminous filler materials, this outer bond is made by rational Melting and melting of the filler material to the substrate, for example by simply applying flame to the exposed reinforcement surface. All in all, the reinforcement material is particularly suitable for use as an essential feature of the invention for buildings with high area-related operating loads, in particular alternating loads, preferably for road surfaces.

For the rest, the subordinate claims relate to features essential to the invention, which determine particular developments of the invention in single or multiple connection with the respective higher-level claim.

The invention is further explained in detail, in particular with reference to the exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawings. Herein shows:

Fig.l shows a cross section of a prefabricated composite material according to the invention in a greatly enlarged scale;

2 shows a schematic horizontal view, reduced to a non-uniform scale, of a section of a road surface with reinforcement according to the invention, which is in progressive production, with a view transverse to the direction of work progress;

3 shows a perspective view of a section of a section of a road surface with partial cross sections constructed with reinforcing material according to the invention;

4 shows a partial vertical section of the road surface according to FIG. 3 on an enlarged scale according to FIG. 1; 5 shows a perspective view similar to FIG. 3 of a section of a section of a road surface constructed with a different type of reinforcement material according to the invention;

6 shows a schematic, perspective sectional view of a flat, prefabricated reinforcing material AR for coverings of highly stressed building surfaces and

7 is a schematic representation of essential

Work processes in the production of a road surface according to the invention.

The composite material K shown in FIG. 1 has a multilayer structure and comprises the following arrangement of material layers, in a sequence that begins on a surface assigned to the building or street surface to be reinforced.

First, an insulating layer IS is provided, which is secured to the composite material by a releasable adhesive connection. It can be easily removed by pulling it off. There follows a connecting layer VS consisting of a material that is in the non-flowing or tough-plastic or -elastic deformable state, but in the heated state is at least partially melt-flowing or thermoplastic or hot-melt adhesive. For this purpose, bituminous material, preferably polymer-modified bitumen or a material with such a component or more thereof, has proven to be particularly suitable according to the invention.

This is followed by a base layer TS, which consists at least partially of fiber material and within its surfaces expansion in at least two mutually angular directions is tensile and preferably also tensile. These strength and deformation properties are given in the example by a layer integrated into the base layer with a lattice-shaped fiber framework material GRM made of glass fiber strands.

There follows a layer of tangled fiber material WRM, preferably of polymer, in particular polypropylene fibers. Experience has shown that the latter material is particularly characterized in the present application by high capillary absorbency and diffusion friendliness on heated and molten or viscous bitumen. In addition to the important function of effective shock absorption, this tangled fiber material also has, within the reinforced structure, above all that of compressive stress compensation between the upper layers of the filler material and the subsurface, as well as a seal against - particularly due to inevitably occurring cracks in the filler material - moisture. For these functions, sufficient suction capacity (capillary action) of the tangled fiber material compared to the filler material that is in a flowable processing state, as well as good bonding properties compared to the solidified filler material, are important.

According to the invention, these requirements can be met with inexpensive plastic tangled fiber material. For higher requirements, however, mineral tangled fiber materials are also considered according to the invention, e.g. Rock fibers and in particular glass fibers. As a result of the particularly favorable suction and adhesion properties of such tangled fiber materials, very small mesh sizes of the framework material can be used.

The fiber strands of the framework material GRM are made up of glue KL distributed along these strands with the random fiber material WRM connected. For this purpose, preferably at least partially permanently elastic adhesives or corresponding wrapping materials for the strands or fibers of the framework material come into consideration, in particular also in the case of a plurality of framework material and / or random fiber material sections.

The tangled fiber material penetrates through the lattice gaps L of the framework material in the manner shown in FIG. 1 as a result of lightly compressing the composite material and is here connected to the surface of the bitumen of the connecting layer VS. This connection is produced in the production of the composite material by capillary suction of molten or viscous connection material into the interstices of the tangled fiber material, by melting and / or gluing.

In the case of bitumen or bituminous material of the connection layer VS, this connection is preferably produced by heating and metering the bitumen into the tangled fiber material WRM in a manner which is well metered in terms of temperature and duration, and in such a way that the molten bitumen does not escape on the outer surface OA of the tangled fiber material . In the example, a connection of bitumen and tangled fiber material that essentially only covers the inner surface 01 is indicated by partially extending the hatching of the bitumen layer into that of the tangled fiber material. In the case of other materials of the connection layer, mere gluing may also be considered here. This keeping the outer surface OA of the tangled fiber material free of any adhesion-friendly connecting material is important for the handling and especially for the execution of the work steps when installing the reinforcement in a road surface, because the danger of the tangled fiber material sticking and tearing out on tools and machines, For example, when construction vehicles are driving over the surface OA. However, if, in certain applications, penetration of the connecting material up to the surface OA of the tangled fiber material is already provided during the production or preparation of the composite material, then an easily removable cover must also be provided on this surface, for example by means of an additional adhesive insulating film.

All layers or layers of the composite material are positively and / or cohesively secured against separation and internal relative displacement and connected to form a flat, preferably rollable handling unit. The total thickness of the base layer and the connecting layer and thus essentially also that of the composite material can advantageously be kept comparatively small and is e.g. in a range between about 1 mm and about 4 mm.

Such a handling and processing-favorable composite material roll KMR is indicated in the working illustration for the application of a reinforced road surface in Fig.2. The production process steps are as follows, for example:

First, the intended substrate 1 is prepared by uniformity of shape and stabilization of the load-bearing capacity, for example with the aid of a filler layer 2, and optionally by increasing the adhesion, for example by spraying on an adhesion-promoting layer of a conventional type. The latter is shown schematically in FIG HV1 and indicated with a feed device ZV1. Then, from the composite material roll KMR, composite material K is applied progressively in the direction of the arrow by rolling while the insulating layer IS is also being removed. If applicable at this stage - considering the temperature resistance of the now exposed tangled fiber material - careful heating of the composite material, whereby the connecting layer melts to the bitumen or the asphalt of the filler layer 2. If necessary, an adhesion-promoting layer is then applied by means of a feed device ZV2. During this work, the non-adhesive nature of the outer surface OA of the connecting material enables a substantial improvement in the work progress.

Thereafter, a layer AS, which is in a viscous or molten state, is introduced, in the usual way an asphalt layer. The melt flow of the latter can optionally be brought about or increased with the aid of a conventional heating device HV on the spot. The heat penetrating into the composite material now also causes the material of the connection layer VS to diffuse into and through the random fiber material WRM of the base layer of the composite material, as well as a material and positive connection between the composite material and the support AS. In this case, pressurization can also be carried out using conventional means. This is followed by the application of additional filler or cover material DM.

Figures 3 and 4 show in detail the structure of the road surface produced with reinforcement (for the sake of clarity without subsurface 1 and cover material DM). In particular, this shows the lattice shape of the framework material GRM, which in this state is pressed more strongly into the tangled fiber material WRM, with fiber strands FS with a mesh size W and their connection with the tangled fiber material within the base layer TS by adhesive KL. The material of the connecting layer VS which has diffused largely or completely through the thickness of the random fiber material can also be seen. With regard to preferred and tried-and-tested features according to the invention of various structural components of the reinforcement or. s Composite material, the following information is given: Essential for good effectiveness of the tangled fiber material is an area-related mass density of the same in the range between approximately 80 g / m ² and approximately 180 g / m ² . With an area-related mass density of a bituminous connecting layer of approximately 1 kg / m ^2, an area-related mass density of the random fiber material in the range between approximately 110 g / m ² and approximately 145 g / m ² , preferably of approximately 130 g / m, has proven to be optimal for numerous common applications. proven m ² .

The mesh size W of the scaffolding material is also essential for an optimally adapted dimensioning of the reinforcement. In the present context, “mesh size” should generally be understood to mean the smallest mesh inner diameter. Depending on the particular circumstances, in particular the grain size of the aggregates in the filler material, a minimum value of the mesh size of about 10 mm is generally suitable, but for less flowable bitumen settings it may also be about 15 mm, preferably at least about 20 mm. In the case of particularly viscous additives, e.g. asphalt-like connecting materials even up to about 50 mm and even up to about 60 mm.

Furthermore, certain design features as well as deformation and strength properties are important for an optimal design of the scaffolding material. Thus, the framework material should have at least two sets of intersecting fiber strands with an elongation at break of at most about 4%, preferably at most about 2%. Experience has shown that this results in excellent stress relief for the filling material in areas of the covering or the filling that are exposed to tensile stress. In the case of lattice-like scaffolding material with at least two shares crossing each other Fiber strands should furthermore be at least about 30 kN / m, preferably at least about 120 kN / m, of the framework material's tensile strength in the respective strand directions, based on the lattice width. It is also important to have a certain minimum value of the tensile strength of the scaffold material in the respective strand directions based on the lattice width, which should be at least about 30 kN / m, preferably at least about 80 kN / m.

It should be noted that the invention also includes reinforcement designs in which a bond between scaffold material and random fiber material is only produced during installation, for example by means of adhesives or wrappings, in particular also by means of adhesive or adhesion-promoting intermediate layers. Also fundamentally different layer sequences come into consideration for certain application conditions, for example one with a reverse arrangement of base layer TS with framework material GRM on the one hand and WRM fiber material on the other hand with respect to the embodiment shown above. This is indicated to the invention reinforcement in Figure 5 in the partial diagram of an OF INVENTION ^", where an underlying layer of non-woven material WRM on a base surface BSF and above grid-shaped scaffold GRM and a connection layer (not shown in any more) are arranged. Such designs can be considered for particularly uneven base areas. If necessary, adequate diffusion through the tangled fiber material is to be provided with an additional adhesive layer or several of the same and / or a relatively voluminous (overhead) connecting layer, optionally made of comparatively low-viscosity or higher-temperature material in combination with random fiber material having higher temperature resistance. In such special cases, this is offset by increased material and manufacturing costs. FIG. 6 shows a schematic, perspective sectional view of a flat, prefabricated reinforcing material AR of the type shown in FIG. 6 is particularly suitable for coverings of building surfaces with a high area-related operating load, in particular alternating loads, as occurs primarily on traffic roads. The cross-sectional structure comprises a bottom layer of random fiber or fleece WS with fibers with high surface adhesion, which promotes the penetration and penetration of a filling FB made of material that is flowable or soft plastic deformable in the processing state. Furthermore, a lattice-shaped support element GT is provided, each of which has a tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the strand in the range between at least about 25 kN / m and about 200 kN / m, based on an edge length of the lattice, in a family of lattice strands GS running in approximately the same direction. It is particularly important here that the filling FB passes through the tangled fiber layer and the grid-shaped support element together, namely before installation in the covering or already in the prefabricated state. This ensures a perfect internal connection of the reinforcement. The common filling FB preferably consists at least predominantly of thermoplastic material, for which polymer-bituminous materials are particularly suitable. Of great importance in this context is the metering of the area-related mass density of the filling, which on the one hand ensures a seamless area-like material connection of the reinforcement with the base surface and with the covering to be applied, but on the other hand the occurrence of an excessive amount of filler material in the gap between the reinforcement and base surface with possibly to avoid non-uniform accumulation and floating of the reinforcement.

Experience has shown that dosage values that are essential to the invention have been found here, but consideration of the given properties of the substrate such as cracks and fissures or smoothness as well as the covering to be applied such as porosity and weight are to be used. Mass densities of the filling in the range between approximately 0.4 kg / m ² and approximately 1.2 kg / m ^{2 have} proven to be expedient in a wide range of applications. However, a mass density in the range between about 0.6 kg / m ² and about 1.0 kg / m ² is generally optimal. Fissures and cracks as well as porosity tend to make higher values and smoothness lower values appear reasonable in individual cases.

Certain limit values for the tensile strength of the grid-shaped support element are also of crucial importance, in particular for the applications according to the invention for road surfaces subject to high alternating loads. Necessary condition: compliance with a minimum value of the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the strand of at least approximately 25 kN / m in each case in a family of grid strands GS running approximately in the same direction. However, a minimum value of at least about 40 kN / m is preferred, in each case based on an edge length of the grid. Again in a wide range of applications, tensile strengths in the range between approximately 0.4 kg / m and approximately 1.2 kg / m, preferably in the range between approximately 50 kN / m and approximately 70 kN / m, have proven to be expedient. A practical upper limit can be set at around 200 kN / m, above which a greater efficiency can hardly be expected in view of the tensile strength, which is generally contrary to the necessary fiber elasticity.

Glass fibers and / or carbon fibers come into consideration as materials for the lattice strands of the supporting element, mostly the former for reasons of cost. Basically, inexpensive lattice strands of the support element are already made of high-strength and highly heat-resistant polymer fibers to be considered, especially those made from aramid fibers. The high heat resistance is particularly important when using thermoplastic fillers such as bitumen and the like, which are introduced into the reinforcement at a relatively high temperature. The same applies to the fiber material of the tangled fiber layer. Accordingly, the tangled fiber layer preferably also consists at least partially of fiber material with high heat resistance, in particular of glass fibers.

It should be pointed out that composite constructions with a combination of different fiber materials as well as multi-layered constructions can be used with special advantages for both the lattice strands and the random fiber layer.

Furthermore, the mesh size MW of the grid-shaped support element is of importance for the invention. According to the invention, mesh widths MW in the range between approximately 10 mm and approximately 40 mm have emerged as an advantageous compromise between the permeability required for introducing the common filling and uniformity distribution of the tensile strength over the lattice edge length. A preferred optimum value is in a wide range of applications with a mesh size of approximately 20 mm.

According to the invention, particularly advantageous limit values or preferred values have also been found for the mass density of the random fiber layer WS. Accordingly, the random fiber layer should have a mass density per unit area of at least about 60 g / m ² , preferably of at least about 80 g / m ² . The void volume of the random fiber layer, which generally varies with the mass density, may have to be taken into account when metering the filling mass. A variant of the reinforcement construction, which is essential to the invention, provides that the underside in the prefabricated state is provided with a burnable protective film SF, preferably made at least partially of polypropylene. This protective film facilitates the handling of the prefabricated reinforcement material to a high degree, the necessary removal of the film prior to installation by burning advantageously being made rationally and also the heating of the composite comprising the random fiber layer, the grid-shaped support element and the filling sensibly prepared. The easier handling and the gentle flame heating of this composite is also served by a fine-grained mineral granulate layer, preferably a sand layer ST, applied to the top of the same in the prefabricated state and connected to the common filling FB of the supporting element GT and the random fiber layer WS by melting or gluing.

In the production of reinforcing material according to the invention, the process is carried out with particular advantages in that the common filling FB is introduced into the random fiber layer WS which is in contact with the lattice-shaped support element GT by rolling in, in particular by hot rolling, a bituminous or thermoplastic filling compound. The granulate or sand layer is also expediently rolled into the surface of the filling of the supporting element and random fiber layer, which is still in the plastic state.

Reference is made to the schematic illustration in FIG. 7 for the explanation of the method according to the invention for the production of building surfaces which are in operation under high area-related loads or alternating loads, preferably for the production of road surfaces. The procedure is as follows: The reinforcing material AR is first applied, optionally after removing a protective film SF located on the underside of the reinforcing material by means of a burning device AV, to a base surface GO to be reinforced. This is followed by heating the thermoplastic material of the common filling FB of the random fiber layer WS and the lattice-shaped support element GT into a flowable, viscous or at least plastically deformable state which is connectable to the base surface. This is carried out by means of a flame melting device SV known per se. A flowable, viscous or at least plastically deformable state of the common filling FB is maintained at least in the volume regions of the filling adjacent to the base surface GO until sufficient surface contact and adhesion between the filling material or the random fiber layer and the base surface have been established. According to the directional arrows entered, this procedure can be carried out rationally as work progresses along the route to be worked. Finally, a covering blanket BD is applied to the reinforcement, preferably after the joint filling of the random fiber layer and the support element GT has been at least partially solidified and also after the material connection with the base surface has been solidified. In order to form a flat material bond between the mostly bituminous covering ceiling and the reinforcement, the covering material can optionally be reheated, supported by pressurization, for example by the usual rolling in.

Claims

claims

Reinforcement material, in particular flat reinforcement material for building surfaces and fillings as well as for road and building coverings, with flexible and / or soft plastic bend-deformable and for viscous or flowable and solidifiable filler absorbent fiber material, characterized by the following features: a) at least one base layer (TS) is provided , which consists at least partially of fiber material and is designed to be tensile and preferably also tensile rigid within its surface extent in at least two mutually angular directions; b) at least one connection layer (VS) is provided, which at least partially consists of melt-flowing, thermoplastic or hot-melt adhesive material; c) The connection layer (VS) and base layer (TS) are connected at least in sections by capillary suction into the fiber interstices of base layer material, by melting and / or by adhesive bonding.

Reinforcing material, in particular flat reinforcing material for building surfaces and fillings as well as for road and building coverings, with flexible and / or soft plastic bend-deformable and absorbent fiber material, especially also reinforcing material according to claim 1, characterized by a cross-sectional structure with the combination of the following features : a) there is at least one lower layer (WS) with respect to the installation position of the reinforcement material, which has at least one random fiber fleece consisting at least partially of fibers with high surface adhesion; b) at least one lattice-shaped support element (GT) is provided, each of which has a tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the strand in the range between at least about 25 kN / m and about 200 kN / m, in a group of lattice strands (GS) running in approximately the same direction to an edge length of the grid; c) there is provided a filling (FB) which penetrates the tangled fiber layer (WS) and the lattice-shaped support element (GT) and which consists at least partially of material which is flowable or soft-plastic deformable in the processing state, but solidifiable or hardenable.

Reinforcing material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base layer (TS) has lattice-shaped framework material (GRM) consisting at least partially of fiber strands (FS) and randomly distributed random fiber material (WRM).

Reinforcing material according to claim 3, characterized by at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, random fiber material (WRM) consisting of polymer fibers.

5. Reinforcing material according to claim 4, characterized by at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, random fiber material (WRM) consisting of polypropylene fibers.

6. Reinforcement material according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the random fiber material (WRM) has a mass per unit area in the range between approximately 80 g / m ² and approximately 180 g / m ² .

Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a connection layer (VS) consisting at least partially of bituminous and / or tar-like material.

8. Reinforcing material according to claim 7, characterized by an at least partially polymer-modified bitumen or bituminous material consisting of a connecting layer (VS).

Reinforcing material according to claim 4 or 5 in conjunction with claim 7 or 8, characterized in that with a surface-related mass density of the bituminous connecting layer (VS) of approximately 1 kg / m ^2, a surface-specific mass density of the random fiber material (WRM) in the range between approximately 110 g / m ² and about 145 g / m ² , preferably of about 130 g / m ^{2 is} provided.

10. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting layer (VS) with the random fiber material (WRM) in the area of the lattice gaps of the framework material (GRM) by capillary suction in the fiber interstices of the random fiber material or cohesively, in particular by thermal adhesion or melting, is at least sectionally connected.

11. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, framework material (GRM) of the base layer (TS) consisting of mineral fibers, in particular of glass fibers.

12. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber strands (FS) of the framework material (GRM) with the random fiber material (WRM) are at least partially integrally connected, in particular by gluing.

13. Reinforcement material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mesh size (W) of the framework material is at least about 10 mm.

14. Reinforcing material according to claim 13, characterized by lattice-like framework material with a mesh size (W) of at least about 15 mm, preferably at least about 20 mm.

15. Reinforcing material according to claim 14, characterized by lattice-like framework material with a mesh size (W) in the range between about 10 mm and about 60 mm, preferably a maximum of about 50 mm.

16. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lattice-like framework material (GRM) has at least two sets of intersecting fiber strands (FS) with an elongation at break of at most about 4%, preferably at most about 2%.

17. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by lattice-like framework material (GRM) at least two groups (12, 14) of mutually crossing fiber strands (FS) and by a tensile strength of the framework material in the respective strand directions of at least about 30 kN in the respective strand directions / m, preferably at least about 120 kN / m.

18. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a total thickness of the base and connecting layer between about 1 mm and about 4 mm.

19. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following arrangement of the material layers in an order based on the position of use, starting from a building surface to be reinforced: a) a connecting layer (VS) made of non-flowing or tough-plastic or -elastic deformable State of the preferably bituminous material; b) within a base layer (TS), first a layer of lattice-like fiber framework material (GRM), preferably consisting of glass fiber strands; c) a layer of random fiber material (WRM), preferably of polymer, in particular polypropylene fibers.

20. Prefabricated composite material, in particular for building surfaces and fillings, as well as road and building coverings, comprising reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all layers or layers of the reinforcing material form a flat, positively and / or materially secured against internal relative displacement, preferably rollable handling unit are connected.

21. Composite material according to claim 20, characterized by the following arrangement of the material layers in an order based on the position of use, starting from a building surface to be reinforced: a) a connecting layer (VS) from a non-flowing or tough-plastic or -elastic deformable state , preferably bituminous material; b) within a base layer (TS), first a layer of lattice-like fiber framework material (GRM), preferably consisting of glass fiber strands; c) a layer of random fiber material (WRM), preferably of polymer, in particular polypropylene fibers.

22. The composite material as claimed in claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the connecting layer (VS) is preceded by an insulating layer (IS) which is secured by detachable adhesive connection.

23. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one random fiber layer (WS) and at least one grid-shaped support element (GT) and an at least partially, preferably at least predominantly thermoplastic material common filling (FB) for the random fiber layer and the support element is provided.

24. Reinforcing material according to claim 23, characterized in that the common filling (FB) of the random fiber layer (WS) and the grid-shaped support element (GT) consists at least partially, preferably at least predominantly of bituminous material, preferably of polymer bitumen.

25. Reinforcing material according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the common filling (FB) of the random fiber layer (WS) and the grid-shaped support element (GT) has a mass per unit area in the range between approximately 0.4 kg / m ² and approximately 1.2 kg / m ² .

26. Reinforcing material according to claim 25, characterized in that the common filling (FB) of random fiber layer (WS) and lattice-shaped support element (GT) has a mass per unit area in the range between approximately 0.6 kg / m ² and approximately 1.0 kg / has m ² .

27. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a lattice-shaped support element (GT), each of which has a tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the strand of at least about 25 kN / m, in particular of at least about 40, in a group of lattice strands (GS) running approximately in the same direction kN / m, based on an edge length of the grid.

28. Reinforcing material according to claim 27, characterized by a grid-shaped support element (GT), each in a family of approximately in the same direction extending grid strands (GS) a tensile strength in the longitudinal direction in the range between about 50 kN / m and about 70 kN / m has, based on an edge length of the grid.

29. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lattice strands (GS) of the support element (GT) at least partially, preferably at least predominantly, consist of glass fibers and / or carbon fibers.

30. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lattice strands (GS) of the support element (GT) at least partially, preferably at least predominantly, consist of high-strength and highly heat-resistant polymer fibers, in particular aramid fibers.

31. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a grid-shaped support element (GT) with a mesh size (MW) in the range between about 10 mm and about 40 mm.

32. Reinforcing material according to claim 31, characterized by a grid-shaped support element (GT) with a mesh size (MW) of about 20 mm.

33. Reinforcement material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the random fiber layer (WS) has a mass per unit area of at least about 60 g / m ² , preferably of at least about 80 g / m ² .

34. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the random fiber layer (WS) consists at least partially of fiber material with high heat resistance, in particular of glass fibers.

35. Reinforcement material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underside in the prefabricated state is provided with a burnable protective film (SF) which preferably consists at least partially of polypropylene.

36. Reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the top is provided in the prefabricated state with a fine-grained, mineral granulate layer, preferably a sand layer (ST), which with the common filling (FB) of the support element (GT) and random fiber layer ( WS) is connected by melting or gluing.

37. Use of reinforcing material according to one of the preceding claims for the load-bearing covering of unevenness and / or cracks on base surfaces (GO).

38. A method for producing reinforcing material according to one of claims 1 to 36, characterized in that a common filling (FB) in a with a lattice-shaped support element (GT) standing in the tangled fiber layer (WS) by rolling, in particular by hot rolling a bituminous or thermoplastic filling compound is introduced.

39. The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the granulate or sand layer is rolled into the surface of the filling (FB) of the support element (GT) and the random fiber layer (WS), which is still in the plastic state.

40. Areal or voluminous building or part of a building, in particular filling or road or building covering, characterized by the following features: a) The structure of the building or part of the building comprises at least one layer of lattice-like scaffolding material, at least predominantly consisting of glass fibers (GRM) that is at least partially embedded in a thermoplastic or fusible connection or base material; b) above the framework material (GRM) there is at least one layer of random fiber material (WRM), which at least partially consists of polymer fibers, preferably polypropylene fibers, and is at least partially cohesively connected to the framework material (GRM).

41. Process for the production or restoration of flat or voluminous structural parts connected to a base with a form and / or material fit, in particular fillings or road or building coverings, with soft-elastic and / or soft-plastic bend-deformable reinforcing material that is suitable for viscous and at least partially solidifiable filler material, especially for thermoplastic fillers, is receptive, characterized by the following process steps: a) preparing the substrate (1), possibly with uniformity of form and stabilization; b) introducing a filler layer (2) which has thermoplastic or meltable material which is at least partially viscous or flowable in the processing state and then solidifies, in particular asphalt; c) Application of at least one reinforcement, in particular in the form of prefabricated composite material (K), with at least predominantly, preferably at least approximately completely, framework material (GRM) consisting of mineral fibers, preferably glass fibers, and with tangled fiber material preferably consisting at least partially of polymer fibers, in particular polypropylene fibers (WRM) and at least one at least partially made of thermoplastic or meltable, in the processing state at least partially viscous or flowable and then solidifying, in particular bituminous material consisting of (VS); d) applying covering material, in particular asphalt, in a viscous or flowable state to the reinforcement.

42. A process for the production of building surfaces which are subject to high area-related loads during operation, in particular alternating loads, preferably for road surfaces, by means of reinforcing material according to one or more of claims 2 to 15, comprising the following process steps: a) applying the reinforcing material, if necessary after Burning off a protective film located on the underside of the reinforcement material onto a base surface (GO) to be reinforced; b) heating the thermoplastic material of the common filling (FB) of the random fiber layer (WS) and the grid-shaped support element (GT) into a flowable, viscous or at least plastically deformable state which is connectable to the base surface; c) Maintaining a flowable, viscous or at least plastically deformable state of the common filling (FB) of the random fiber layer (WS) and lattice-shaped support element (GT) at least in the volume areas of the filling adjacent to the base surface (GO) until an at least predominantly flat system and Adhesion between the filling material or the random fiber layer (WS) and the base surface (GO); d) Applying a covering ceiling, preferably after at least partially solidifying the common filling (FB) of the random fiber layer (WS) and the grid-shaped support element (GT) and their material connection to the base surface (GO).

43. The method according to claim 43, characterized in that the setting of the surface contact and adhesion between the filler material or the random fiber layer (WS) and the base surface (GO) is supported by pressurizing the top of the reinforcing material.