EP1002997A2 - Method for controlling a fuel/air ratio of full premix gas burner - Google Patents
Method for controlling a fuel/air ratio of full premix gas burner Download PDFInfo
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- EP1002997A2 EP1002997A2 EP99122611A EP99122611A EP1002997A2 EP 1002997 A2 EP1002997 A2 EP 1002997A2 EP 99122611 A EP99122611 A EP 99122611A EP 99122611 A EP99122611 A EP 99122611A EP 1002997 A2 EP1002997 A2 EP 1002997A2
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- signal
- ionization
- current
- air ratio
- gas burner
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
- F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
- F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
- F23N2225/30—Measuring humidity measuring lambda
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
- F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
- F23N3/082—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electronic means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling the air ratio one with a fan and with a gas control valve provided at least partially premixing, preferably fully premixing Gas burner, with ionization signals in the flame area measured with the help of an ionization electrode the fan speed is recorded from the current Ionization signal representative of the current air ratio first signal derived and this with a predetermined Setpoint is compared, the fan speed at the derivation of the first signal and / or the selection the target value is taken into account and from the comparison a control signal for the gas control valve is derived.
- the air ratio control of gas burners is becoming increasingly important in practice. With the help of the air ratio control it is possible to operate gas burners in the optimal working range, in which the pollutant emissions, in particular the CO and NO X emissions, are low, the thermal load on the gas burner is very even and both the combustion behavior and the efficiency of the gas burner are optimal. It has been found that the optimal working range for an air ratio is between 1.15 and 1.3. An air ratio control can also reduce the susceptibility of the gas burner to malfunctions and ensure safe and quiet operation of the burner.
- Air ratio control instead of a one-time air number setting, there is one Air ratio control required because the composition of the fuel gas supplied by the supply network fluctuate greatly can.
- the gas quality fluctuates accordingly, especially the Wobbe index of the fuel gas. If the gas quality of the fuel gas changes, it takes effect the air ratio control and changes the gas supply with the help of the gas control valve such that the gas burner continues works at the desired air ratio.
- the air ratio can be adjusted using the various measured variables can be determined. However, it has proven, the air ratio over that with the help of an ionization electrode to determine the detected ionization signal (cf. DE 196 27 857 C2).
- the ionization electrode provides one stable, easy to maintain and at the same time inexpensive Air number sensor, which is also extremely low Effort can be installed, provided that it is not already available Flame monitoring is already in place. Also allowed the ionization signal is a very reliable and accurate determination the air ratio.
- the fan speed Since the fan speed is known, it can be derived from the ionization signal then the current air ratio is determined and with a characteristic of the respective fan speed Characteristic curve can be regulated.
- a signal representative of the current air ratio be in a certain performance range essentially independent of the burner output is. This has the advantage that the air ratio over this performance range can be regulated with a single characteristic can.
- the object of the invention is therefore in the aforementioned Procedure for checking the operating status of the To allow gas burner.
- This object is achieved in that a second signal representative of the current power is detected and compared with a predetermined value , from which comparison information about the Operating state of the gas burner can be derived.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that if Changes to the supply air or exhaust air system of the gas burner occur, the burner output set via the fan speed no longer corresponds to the actual burner output. In this case, the missing correlation between Fan speed and burner output recorded and be compensated for that another for current performance representative signal is detected. Does that make way for them current performance representative second signal from that for from the set performance, the Gas burner does not have the desired performance.
- the deviation is one a predetermined maintenance threshold to be activated.
- a particularly large deviation also engage a shutdown mechanism that the gas burner automatically switches off.
- the fan speed be varied until the current one Performance representative second signal the specified value corresponds.
- the gas burner then taking into account the changed correlation between Fan speed and burner output continue to operate become. This way a gas burner can last for a long time Period operated safely and with the desired performance become.
- a further development of the invention is characterized in that that for comparison with the second signal first signal is used as a predetermined value.
- Power consumption is advantageously used as the second signal of the fan or the temperature level of the Boiler or the air mass flow through the fan is detected.
- a particularly preferred alternative embodiment is characterized in that the second signal is off a current ionization signal is derived, the second signal for both the current power and for the current air ratio is representative.
- This embodiment is based on the knowledge that the ionization signal even used to check current performance can be. Since the ionization signal depends on the power is the current operating performance according to customer needs checked in a very wide performance range become. If the derived from the ionization signal for the current air ratio and the current performance representative second signal from that for this air ratio and the gas burner produces this value not the desired performance. It can then do the necessary Steps are initiated.
- a further development of the invention is characterized in that that also as the first signal for both the current Performance as well as representative for the current air ratio Signal is used, the first and the second Signal a different dependency on the air ratio and / or the performance.
- the ionization signals themselves first and / or second signal can be used.
- the method according to the invention is particularly simple by realizing that the current ionization signal, from which the first signal is derived with the help a first supply voltage is measured, and the current one Ionization signal from which the second signal is derived is measured using a second supply voltage.
- the ionization signals are thereby advantageously measured that an AC voltage, preferably of 230V, is applied to the ionization electrode.
- the polarity effect the flame causes only one half-wave at a time an ionization current flows. This allows a direct component of the tapped voltage, the ionization signal deduce.
- An ionization signal measured in this way can be evaluated particularly reliably and precisely.
- the signal is usually used for evaluation first applied to a low pass filter.
- the ionization signals can be measured in this way be that a delta voltage or a square wave voltage is applied to the ionization electrode.
- the ionization signal to determine the representative of the current air ratio Signal using an AC voltage and the ionization signal to determine the current Air ratio and representative of the current performance Signal using a triangular voltage or a square wave voltage be measured or vice versa.
- the ionization signals are preferably alternated to derive the first signal and to derive the second Signals used.
- the gas burner can operate in the long term in the optimal operating range be kept that the second signal in regular Intervals, e.g. B. once per minute becomes.
- the Start of operation of the gas burner Reference measurements carried out be where reference signals for different powers and recorded different air numbers and these as a predetermined Value saved for comparison with the second signal become. If the second signal from a current Ionization signal is derived at the start of operation of the gas burner preferably reference measurements performed where reference ionization signals for different Fan speeds and various air numbers recorded and this as a given value for comparison with the second value.
- Fig. 1 shows a diagram in which the voltage of a Measurement signal is plotted against the air ratio ⁇ .
- There are six different measurement signal curves are shown. With those with Signal-designated measurement signal curves are the signals representative of the current air ratio. This were measured from an AC voltage of 230V Ionization signal and the fan speed using a special evaluation circuit derived. The signals are shown for different services. As can be seen, the curves are almost completely on top of each other, i. H. this Signals are actually independent of performance.
- the measurement signal curves labeled Signal2 are concerned it is for the current air ratio and the current Performance representative signals.
- the voltage differences between the measurement signal curves are at a given air ratio in the lower Performance range particularly large.
- a very large one Power range of the gas burner reliably monitored be that the air ratio control in normal operation with With the help of the superimposed signal characteristics and to check the performance the AC voltage of 230V applied to the ionization electrode and the special one Evaluation circuit is bypassed.
- FIG. 2 shows two diagrams in which the ionization signal is plotted against the fan speed for a second exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the measured values shown were recorded at a constant air ratio ⁇ of 1.3.
- the ionization signals are shown with a supply voltage of 50V and 230V for the ionization electrode.
- the upper diagram illustrates the normal operating status of the boiler.
- the set gas supply results in a speed of 2000min. -1 an ionization signal at a supply voltage of 50V of 109. This is the setpoint for regulating the air ratio of 1.3.
- the supply voltage of the ionization electrode is switched to the control voltage of 230V at regular intervals.
- the ionization signal is only approximately 102.
- the difference between the two signals is therefore approximately 7.
- the difference between these two determined ionization signal values is in the range of 7, the operation of the gas burner is in the optimal working range secured.
- the ionization signal by applying a Voltage of any shape to the ionization electrode be recorded.
- the ionization signal can be used in the same way a DC voltage can be measured.
- For sampling the ionization signal from the ionization electrode can be used to discharge representative of the current air ratio Signal and des for the current air ratio and the current Performance of representative signals of the same sensor be used.
- two sensors can be used be assigned to the ionization electrode or in Flame area of the gas burner even two separate ionization electrodes to be ordered. After all, they can Reference measurements instead of before starting operation be carried out by the manufacturer.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Luftzahlregelung eines mit einem Lüfter und mit einem Gas-Regelventil versehenen wenigstens teilvormischenden, vorzugsweise vollvormischenden Gasbrenners, wobei im Flammenbereich Ionisationssignale mit Hilfe einer Ionisations-Elektrode gemessen werden, die Lüfterdrehzahl erfaßt wird, aus dem aktuellen Ionisationssignal ein für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentatives erstes Signal abgeleitet und dieses mit einem vorgegebenen Sollwert verglichen wird, wobei die Lüfterdrehzahl bei der Ableitung des ersten Signals und/oder bei der Auswahl des Sollwertes berücksichtigt wird, und aus dem Vergleich ein Stellsignal für das Gas-Regelventil abgeleitet wird.The invention relates to a method for controlling the air ratio one with a fan and with a gas control valve provided at least partially premixing, preferably fully premixing Gas burner, with ionization signals in the flame area measured with the help of an ionization electrode the fan speed is recorded from the current Ionization signal representative of the current air ratio first signal derived and this with a predetermined Setpoint is compared, the fan speed at the derivation of the first signal and / or the selection the target value is taken into account and from the comparison a control signal for the gas control valve is derived.
Die Luftzahlregelung von Gasbrennern nimmt in der Praxis immer stärker an Bedeutung zu. Mit Hilfe der Luftzahlregelung gelingt es, Gasbrenner im optimalen Arbeitsbereich zu betreiben, in dem die Schadstoffemissionen, insbesondere die CO- und NOX-Emissionen, gering sind, die thermische Belastung des Gasbrenners sehr gleichmäßig ist und sowohl das Brennverhalten als auch der Wirkungsgrad des Gasbrenners optimal sind. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß der optimale Arbeitsbereich bei einer Luftzahl zwischen 1,15 und 1,3 liegt. Mit einer Luftzahlregelung kann zudem die Störanfälligkeit des Gasbrenners verringert und ein sicherer und geräuscharmer Brennerbetrieb sichergestellt werden.The air ratio control of gas burners is becoming increasingly important in practice. With the help of the air ratio control it is possible to operate gas burners in the optimal working range, in which the pollutant emissions, in particular the CO and NO X emissions, are low, the thermal load on the gas burner is very even and both the combustion behavior and the efficiency of the gas burner are optimal. It has been found that the optimal working range for an air ratio is between 1.15 and 1.3. An air ratio control can also reduce the susceptibility of the gas burner to malfunctions and ensure safe and quiet operation of the burner.
Statt einer einmaligen Luftzahleinstellung ist eine Luftzahlregelung erforderlich, da die Zusammensetzung des von dem Versorgungsnetz gelieferten Brenngases stark schwanken kann. Dementsprechend stark schwankt auch die Gasbeschaffenheit, insbesondere der Wobbeindex des Brenngases. Ändert sich die Gasbeschaffenheit des Brenngases, so greift die Luftzahlregelung ein und ändert die Gaszufuhr mit Hilfe des Gas-Regelventils derart, daß der Gasbrenner weiterhin bei der gewünschten Luftzahl arbeitet.Instead of a one-time air number setting, there is one Air ratio control required because the composition of the fuel gas supplied by the supply network fluctuate greatly can. The gas quality fluctuates accordingly, especially the Wobbe index of the fuel gas. If the gas quality of the fuel gas changes, it takes effect the air ratio control and changes the gas supply with the help of the gas control valve such that the gas burner continues works at the desired air ratio.
Zur Luftzahlregelung kann die Luftzahl mit Hilfe von verschiedenen Meßgrößen bestimmt werden. Es hat sich jedoch bewährt, die Luftzahl über das mit Hilfe einer Ionisations-Elektrode erfaßte Ionisationssignal zu bestimmen (vgl. DE 196 27 857 C2). Die Ionisations-Elektrode stellt einen standfesten, leicht zu wartenden und gleichzeitig preisgünstigen Luftzahlsensor dar, der zudem mit äußerst geringem Aufwand installiert werden kann, sofern er nicht ohnehin zur Flammenüberwachung bereits vorhanden ist. Außerdem erlaubt das Ionisationssignal eine sehr zuverlässige und genaue Bestimmung der Luftzahl.The air ratio can be adjusted using the various measured variables can be determined. However, it has proven, the air ratio over that with the help of an ionization electrode to determine the detected ionization signal (cf. DE 196 27 857 C2). The ionization electrode provides one stable, easy to maintain and at the same time inexpensive Air number sensor, which is also extremely low Effort can be installed, provided that it is not already available Flame monitoring is already in place. Also allowed the ionization signal is a very reliable and accurate determination the air ratio.
Da die Lüfterdrehzahl bekannt ist, kann aus dem Ionisationssignal dann die aktuelle Luftzahl bestimmt und mit einer für die jeweilige Lüfterdrehzahl charakteristischen Kennlinie geregelt werden.Since the fan speed is known, it can be derived from the ionization signal then the current air ratio is determined and with a characteristic of the respective fan speed Characteristic curve can be regulated.
Alternativ kann aus dem Ionisationssignal und der Lüfterdrehzahl bei Verwendung entsprechender Auswerteschaltungen ein für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentatives Signal abgeleitet werden, welches in einem bestimmten Leistungsbereich im wesentlichen unabhängig von der Brennerleistung ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Luftzahl über diesen Leistungsbereich mit einer einzigen Kennlinie geregelt werden kann. Das für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentative Signal wird mit dem für die gewünschte Luftzahl vorgegebenen Sollwert der Kennlinie verglichen, und aus diesem Vergleich wird ein Stellsignal für das Gas-Regelventil abgeleitet.Alternatively, from the ionization signal and the fan speed when using appropriate evaluation circuits derived a signal representative of the current air ratio be in a certain performance range essentially independent of the burner output is. This has the advantage that the air ratio over this performance range can be regulated with a single characteristic can. The signal representative of the current air ratio with the setpoint specified for the desired air ratio of the characteristic curve, and this comparison becomes derived a control signal for the gas control valve.
Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß mit der Zeit Veränderungen am Zuluft- bzw. Abluftsystem des Gasbrenners auftreten können, welche dazu führen, daß der Gasbrenner trotz der obigen Luftzahlregelung nicht mehr im optimalen Arbeitsbereich arbeitet.However, it has been shown that changes over time occur on the supply air or exhaust air system of the gas burner can, which lead to the gas burner despite the The above air ratio control is no longer in the optimal working range is working.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, bei dem eingangs genannten Verfahren die Überprüfung des Betriebszustandes des Gasbrenners zu ermöglichen. The object of the invention is therefore in the aforementioned Procedure for checking the operating status of the To allow gas burner.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein für die aktuelle Leistung repräsentatives zweites Signal erfaßt wird und dieses mit einem vorgegebenen Wert verglichen wird, wobei aus diesem Vergleich Informationen über den Betriebszustand des Gasbrenners abgeleitet werden.This object is achieved in that a second signal representative of the current power is detected and compared with a predetermined value , from which comparison information about the Operating state of the gas burner can be derived.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß sofern Veränderungen am Zuluft- bzw. Abluftsystem des Gasbrenners auftreten, die über die Lüfterdrehzahl eingestellte Brennerleistung nicht mehr der tatsächlichen Brennerleistung entspricht. In diesem Fall kann die fehlende Korrelation zwischen Lüfterdrehzahl und Brennerleistung dadurch erfaßt und kompensiert werden, daß ein anderes für die aktuelle Leistung repräsentatives Signal erfaßt wird. Weicht das für die aktuelle Leistung repräsentative zweite Signal von dem für die eingestellte Leistung vorgegebenen Wert ab, erbringt der Gasbrenner nicht die gewünschte Leistung.The invention is based on the knowledge that if Changes to the supply air or exhaust air system of the gas burner occur, the burner output set via the fan speed no longer corresponds to the actual burner output. In this case, the missing correlation between Fan speed and burner output recorded and be compensated for that another for current performance representative signal is detected. Does that make way for them current performance representative second signal from that for from the set performance, the Gas burner does not have the desired performance.
In diesem Fall kann z. B., wenn die Abweichung einen vorgegebenen Schwellwert überschreitet, eine Wartungsanzeige aktiviert werden. Bei einer besonders großen Abweichung kann ferner ein Abschaltmechanismus eingreifen, welcher den Gasbrenner automatisch abschaltet. Alternativ kann die Lüfterdrehzahl solange variiert werden, bis das für die aktuelle Leistung repräsentative zweite Signal dem vorgegebenen Wert entspricht. Bei dieser Ausführungsform muß der Gasbrenner dann unter Berücksichtigung der geänderten Korrelation zwischen Lüfterdrehzahl und Brennerleistung weiter betrieben werden. Auf diese Weise kann ein Gasbrenner über einen langen Zeitraum sicher und mit der gewünschten Leistung betrieben werden.In this case, e.g. B. if the deviation is one a predetermined maintenance threshold to be activated. In the case of a particularly large deviation also engage a shutdown mechanism that the gas burner automatically switches off. Alternatively, the fan speed be varied until the current one Performance representative second signal the specified value corresponds. In this embodiment, the gas burner then taking into account the changed correlation between Fan speed and burner output continue to operate become. This way a gas burner can last for a long time Period operated safely and with the desired performance become.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Vergleich mit dem zweiten Signal das erste Signal als vorgegebener Wert verwendet wird.A further development of the invention is characterized in that that for comparison with the second signal first signal is used as a predetermined value.
Vorteilhafterweise wird als zweites Signal die Leistungsaufnahme des Lüfters oder das Temperaturniveau des Kessels oder der Luftmassenstrom durch den Lüfter erfaßt. Power consumption is advantageously used as the second signal of the fan or the temperature level of the Boiler or the air mass flow through the fan is detected.
Ein besonders bevorzugtes alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Signal aus einem aktuellen Ionisationssignal abgeleitet wird, wobei das zweite Signal sowohl für die aktuelle Leistung, als auch für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentativ ist. Diesem Ausführungsbeispiel liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß das Ionisationssignal selbst zur Überprüfung der aktuellen Leistung verwendet werden kann. Da das Ionisationssignal leistungsabhängig ist, kann dem Kundenbedarf entsprechend die aktuelle Betriebsleistung in einem sehr breiten Leistungsbereich überprüft werden. Weicht das aus dem Ionisationssignal abgeleitete, für die aktuelle Luftzahl und die aktuelle Leistung repräsentative zweite Signal von dem für diese Luftzahl und diese Leistung vorgegebenen Wert ab, erbringt der Gasbrenner nicht die gewünschte Leistung. Es können dann die erforderlichen Schritte eingeleitet werden.A particularly preferred alternative embodiment is characterized in that the second signal is off a current ionization signal is derived, the second signal for both the current power and for the current air ratio is representative. This embodiment is based on the knowledge that the ionization signal even used to check current performance can be. Since the ionization signal depends on the power is the current operating performance according to customer needs checked in a very wide performance range become. If the derived from the ionization signal for the current air ratio and the current performance representative second signal from that for this air ratio and the gas burner produces this value not the desired performance. It can then do the necessary Steps are initiated.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch als erstes Signal ein sowohl für die aktuelle Leistung als auch für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentatives Signal verwendet wird, wobei das erste und das zweite Signal eine unterschiedliche Abhängigkeit von der Luftzahl und/oder der Leistung aufweisen. Vorteilhafterweise können die Ionisationssignale selbst als erstes und/oder zweites Signal verwendet werden.A further development of the invention is characterized in that that also as the first signal for both the current Performance as well as representative for the current air ratio Signal is used, the first and the second Signal a different dependency on the air ratio and / or the performance. Advantageously can the ionization signals themselves first and / or second signal can be used.
Besonders einfach läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch realisieren, daß das aktuelle Ionisationssignal, aus welchem das erste Signal abgeleitet wird, mit Hilfe einer ersten Speisespannung gemessen wird, und das aktuelle Ionisationssignal, aus welchem das zweite Signal abgeleitet wird, mit Hilfe einer zweiten Speisespannung gemessen wird.The method according to the invention is particularly simple by realizing that the current ionization signal, from which the first signal is derived with the help a first supply voltage is measured, and the current one Ionization signal from which the second signal is derived is measured using a second supply voltage.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die Ionisationssignale dadurch gemessen, daß eine Wechselspannung, vorzugsweise von 230V, an die Ionisations-Elektrode angelegt wird. Der Polaritätseffekt der Flamme bewirkt, daß nur bei jeweils einer Halbwelle ein Ionisationsstrom fließt. Dadurch läßt sich aus einem Gleichanteil der abgegriffenen Spannung das Ionisationssignal ableiten. Ein auf diese Weise gemessenes Ionisationssignal läßt sich besonders zuverlässig und genau auswerten. Zur Auswertung wird das Signal in der Regel zunächst an ein Tiefpaßfilter angelegt.The ionization signals are thereby advantageously measured that an AC voltage, preferably of 230V, is applied to the ionization electrode. The polarity effect the flame causes only one half-wave at a time an ionization current flows. This allows a direct component of the tapped voltage, the ionization signal deduce. An ionization signal measured in this way can be evaluated particularly reliably and precisely. The signal is usually used for evaluation first applied to a low pass filter.
Alternativ können die Ionisationssignale dadurch gemessen werden, daß eine Dreiecksspannung oder eine Rechteckspannung an die Ionisations-Elektrode angelegt wird.Alternatively, the ionization signals can be measured in this way be that a delta voltage or a square wave voltage is applied to the ionization electrode.
Das zur Ableitung des für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentativen Signals gemessene Ionisationssignal und das zur Ableitung des für die aktuelle Luftzahl und die aktuelle Leistung repräsentativen Signals gemessene Ionisationssignal müssen nicht durch Anlegen der gleichen Spannung an die Ionisations-Elektrode gemessen werden. Z.B. kann das Ionisationssignal zur Bestimmung des für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentativen Signals mit Hilfe einer Wechselspannung und das Ionisationssignal zur Bestimmung des für die aktuelle Luftzahl und für die aktuelle Leistung repräsentativen Signals mit Hilfe einer Dreiecksspannung oder einer Rechteckspannung gemessen werden oder umgekehrt.This is used to derive what is representative of the current air ratio Signal measured ionization signal and that for Derivation of for the current air ratio and the current Power representative signal measured ionization signal do not need to apply the same voltage to the ionization electrode be measured. E.g. can the ionization signal to determine the representative of the current air ratio Signal using an AC voltage and the ionization signal to determine the current Air ratio and representative of the current performance Signal using a triangular voltage or a square wave voltage be measured or vice versa.
Vorzugsweise werden die Ionisationssignale abwechselnd zur Ableitung des ersten Signals und zur Ableitung des zweiten Signals genutzt.The ionization signals are preferably alternated to derive the first signal and to derive the second Signals used.
Der Gasbrenner kann dadurch langfristig im optimalen Betriebsbereich gehalten werden, daß das zweite Signal in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen, z. B. einmal pro Minute, erfaßt wird.As a result, the gas burner can operate in the long term in the optimal operating range be kept that the second signal in regular Intervals, e.g. B. once per minute becomes.
Zur Eichung des Systems ist es vorteilhaft, daß bei dem Betriebsstart des Gasbrenners Referenzmessungen durchgeführt werden, bei denen Referenzsignale für verschiedene Leistungen und verschiedene Luftzahlen erfaßt und diese als vorgegebener Wert für den Vergleich mit dem zweiten Signal gespeichert werden. Sofern das zweite Signal aus einem aktuellen Ionisationssignal abgeleitet wird, werden bei dem Betriebsstart des Gasbrenners vorzugsweise Referenzmessungen durchgeführt, bei denen Referenz-Ionisationssignale für verschiedene Lüfterdrehzahlen und verschiedene Luftzahlen erfaßt und diese als vorgegebener Wert für den Vergleich mit dem zweiten Wert gespeichert werden.To calibrate the system, it is advantageous that the Start of operation of the gas burner Reference measurements carried out be where reference signals for different powers and recorded different air numbers and these as a predetermined Value saved for comparison with the second signal become. If the second signal from a current Ionization signal is derived at the start of operation of the gas burner preferably reference measurements performed where reference ionization signals for different Fan speeds and various air numbers recorded and this as a given value for comparison with the second value.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are marked in the subclaims.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand zweier in der
Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.
In der Zeichnung zeigen:
Fig. 1 zeigt ein Diagramm, in dem die Spannung eines Meßsignals gegen die Luftzahl λ aufgetragen ist. Es sind sechs verschiedene Meßsignalkurven dargestellt. Bei den mit Signall bezeichneten Meßsignalkurven handelt es sich um die für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentativen Signale. Diese wurden aus dem bei einer Wechselspannung von 230V gemessenen Ionisationssignal und der Lüfterdrehzahl mit Hilfe einer speziellen Auswerteschaltung abgeleitet. Die Signale sind für verschiedene Leistungen dargestellt. Wie zu sehen ist, liegen die Kurven fast vollständig übereinander, d. h. diese Signale sind tatsächlich leistungsunabhängig.Fig. 1 shows a diagram in which the voltage of a Measurement signal is plotted against the air ratio λ. There are six different measurement signal curves are shown. With those with Signal-designated measurement signal curves are the signals representative of the current air ratio. This were measured from an AC voltage of 230V Ionization signal and the fan speed using a special evaluation circuit derived. The signals are shown for different services. As can be seen, the curves are almost completely on top of each other, i. H. this Signals are actually independent of performance.
Bei den mit Signal2 bezeichneten Meßsignalkurven handelt es sich um die für die aktuelle Luftzahl und die aktuelle Leistung repräsentativen Signale. Zur Messung wurde wiederum eine Wechselspannung von 230V an die Ionisations-Elektrode angelegt und das Ionisationssignal anschließend unter Umgehung der speziellen Auswerteschaltung durch ein Tiefpaßfilter geschickt. Es fällt auf, daß die wiederum für unterschiedliche Leistungen aufgenommenen Kurven stark voneinander abweichen. Die Spannungsunterschiede zwischen den Meßsignalkurven sind bei einer vorgegebenen Luftzahl im unteren Leistungsbereich besonders groß. Somit kann ein sehr großer Leistungsbereich des Gasbrenners dadurch zuverlässig überwacht werden, daß die Luftzahlregelung im Normalbetrieb mit Hilfe der übereinanderliegenden Signall-Kennlinien erfolgt und zur Überprüfung der Leistung die Wechselspannung von 230V an die Ionisations-Elektrode angelegt und die spezielle Auswerteschaltung umgangen wird. Durch Vergleich des bei letztgenannter Messung erzielten Meßwerts mit den verschiedenen vorgegebenen Signal2-Kurven kann festgestellt werden, ob der Gasbrenner tatsächlich die gewünschte Leistung erbringt.The measurement signal curves labeled Signal2 are concerned it is for the current air ratio and the current Performance representative signals. For the measurement again an AC voltage of 230V to the ionization electrode and then bypassing the ionization signal the special evaluation circuit using a low-pass filter cleverly. It is noticeable that the turn for different Power curves greatly differ from each other differ. The voltage differences between the measurement signal curves are at a given air ratio in the lower Performance range particularly large. Thus, a very large one Power range of the gas burner reliably monitored be that the air ratio control in normal operation with With the help of the superimposed signal characteristics and to check the performance the AC voltage of 230V applied to the ionization electrode and the special one Evaluation circuit is bypassed. By comparing the at last-mentioned measurement measured value obtained with the various predetermined Signal2 curves can be determined whether the gas burner actually delivers the desired performance.
Fig. 2 zeigt zwei Diagramme, in denen das Ionisationssignal gegen die Gebläsedrehzahl für ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung aufgetragen ist. Die dargestellten Meßwerte wurden bei konstanter Luftzahl λ von 1,3 aufgenommen. In beiden Diagrammen sind die Ionisationssignale bei einer Speisespannung der Ionisations-Elektrode von 50V und von 230V dargestellt. Das obere Diagramm veranschaulicht den normalen Betriebszustand des Kessels. Bei der eingestellten Gaszufuhr ergibt sich bei einer Drehzahl von 2000min. -1 ein Ionisationssignal bei einer Speisespannung von 50V von 109. Dies ist der Sollwert für die Regelung der Luftzahl von 1,3. Zur Überprüfung des Systems wird die Speisespannung der Ionisations-Elektrode in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen auf die Kontrollspannung von 230V umgeschaltet. Wie dem obigen Diagramm zu entnehmen ist, beträgt in diesem Fall das Ionisationssignal nur ungefähr 102. Die Differenz zwischen beiden Signalen ist somit ungefähr 7. Solange die Differenz zwischen diesen beiden ermittelten Ionisationssignalwerten im Bereich von 7 liegt, ist der Betrieb des Gasbrenners im optimalen Arbeitsbereich gesichert.2 shows two diagrams in which the ionization signal is plotted against the fan speed for a second exemplary embodiment of the invention. The measured values shown were recorded at a constant air ratio λ of 1.3. In both diagrams the ionization signals are shown with a supply voltage of 50V and 230V for the ionization electrode. The upper diagram illustrates the normal operating status of the boiler. The set gas supply results in a speed of 2000min. -1 an ionization signal at a supply voltage of 50V of 109. This is the setpoint for regulating the air ratio of 1.3. To check the system, the supply voltage of the ionization electrode is switched to the control voltage of 230V at regular intervals. In this case, as can be seen from the diagram above, the ionization signal is only approximately 102. The difference between the two signals is therefore approximately 7. As long as the difference between these two determined ionization signal values is in the range of 7, the operation of the gas burner is in the optimal working range secured.
Sofern das Luft-Abgassystem verstopft ist, z. B. durch eine Störung im Schornstein, verschiebt sich der gesamte Arbeitsbereich zu höheren Drehzahlen hin, wie in dem unteren Diagramm in Fig. 2 zu sehen ist. Bei der vorgegebenen Gaszufuhr wurde in diesem Fall die Differenz zwischen den beiden Ionisationssignalen bei 2000min. -1 ungefähr 14 betragen. Durch Vergleich dieser Abweichung mit der Abweichung von 7 im normalen Betriebszustand kann auf einfache Weise festgestellt werden, daß der Gasbrenner nicht die gewünschte Leistung erbringt. Während bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel die Auswertschaltung umgeschaltet wurde, werden bei diesem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel durch Umschaltung der Speisespannung zwei Ionisationssignale erzeugt, die eine unterschiedliche Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Leistung des Gasbrenners haben. In beiden Fällen gelingt es so, einen Gasbrenner über einen langen Zeitraum sicher und mit der gewünschten Leistung zu betreiben.If the air exhaust system is clogged, e.g. B. due to a fault in the chimney, the entire working area shifts to higher speeds, as can be seen in the lower diagram in Fig. 2. In this case, with the given gas supply, the difference between the two ionization signals was 2000min. -1 is approximately 14. By comparing this deviation with the deviation of 7 in the normal operating state, it can be determined in a simple manner that the gas burner does not produce the desired performance. While the evaluation circuit was switched over in the first exemplary embodiment, in this second exemplary embodiment two ionization signals are generated by switching over the supply voltage, which have a different dependency on the current output of the gas burner. In both cases it is possible to operate a gas burner safely and with the desired output over a long period of time.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind zahlreiche Abwandlungen möglich. Z.B. kann das Ionisationssignal durch Anlegen einer Spannung einer beliebigen Form an die Ionisations-Elektrode erfaßt werden. Genauso kann das Ionisationssignal mit Hilfe einer Gleichspannung gemessen werden. Zur Abtastung des Ionisationssignals von der Ionisations-Elektrode kann zur Ableitung des für die aktuelle Luftzahl repräsentativen Signals und des für die aktuelle Luftzahl und die aktuelle Leistung repräsentativen Signais der gleiche Meßwertaufnehmer verwendet werden. Alternativ können zwei Meßwertaufnehmer der Ionisations-Elektrode zugeordnet werden oder im Flammenbereich des Gasbrenners sogar zwei separate Ionisations-Elektroden angeordnet werden. Schließlich können die Referenzmessungen statt beim Betriebsstart bereits vorher herstellerseitig durchgeführt werden.Numerous modifications are within the scope of the invention possible. E.g. can the ionization signal by applying a Voltage of any shape to the ionization electrode be recorded. The ionization signal can be used in the same way a DC voltage can be measured. For sampling the ionization signal from the ionization electrode can be used to discharge representative of the current air ratio Signal and des for the current air ratio and the current Performance of representative signals of the same sensor be used. Alternatively, two sensors can be used be assigned to the ionization electrode or in Flame area of the gas burner even two separate ionization electrodes to be ordered. After all, they can Reference measurements instead of before starting operation be carried out by the manufacturer.
Claims (14)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
wobei aus diesem Vergleich Informationen über den Betriebszustand des Gasbrenners abgeleitet werden.
characterized in that
information about the operating state of the gas burner is derived from this comparison.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853567 | 1998-11-20 | ||
DE19853567A DE19853567A1 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1998-11-20 | Process for controlling the air ratio of a fully premixed gas burner |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1002997A2 true EP1002997A2 (en) | 2000-05-24 |
EP1002997A3 EP1002997A3 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
EP1002997B1 EP1002997B1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
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ID=7888448
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99122611A Expired - Lifetime EP1002997B1 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1999-11-11 | Method for controlling a fuel/air ratio of full premix gas burner |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1002997B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE265655T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19853567A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002077528A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh | Method and device for adjusting air ratio |
WO2006000366A1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2006-01-05 | Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Method for regulating and controlling a firing apparatus, and firing apparatus |
DE102010004826A1 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Honeywell Technologies S.A.R.L. | Method for operating a gas burner |
EP3182007A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heating device system and method with a heating device system |
EP3260783A1 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-12-27 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method for determining the operational data of a gas heating device, gas heating device and computer program product |
DE102013207720B4 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2019-10-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for monitoring incinerators |
EP3869099A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-25 | Vaillant GmbH | Method, device, and computer program product for regulating a fuel-air mixture in a heating device |
IT202100032360A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-23 | Sit Spa | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING AND CONTROL OF COMBUSTION IN FUEL GAS BURNERS |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AT412902B (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-08-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE HEATING PERFORMANCE OF A FAN SUPPORTED HEATER |
DE102009057121A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-09 | Scheer Heizsysteme & Produktionstechnik Gmbh | Method for qualitative monitoring of combustion status of boiler system in e.g. industrial combustion, involves determining exhaust gas value of combustion of fuel-air-mixture by boiler-isothermal current and/or voltage characteristic curve |
DE102010008908B4 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2018-12-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A method of operating a burner and the air-frequency controlled modulating a burner power |
DE102011102575A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for calibrating air ratio regulation of burner with modulated burner output, involves adjusting blower to predetermined calibration speed, where calibration flow rate of air or fuel or fuel-air-mixture is determined |
DE102012023606B4 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2019-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling combustion in a gas or oil burner |
DE102019100467A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | Vaillant Gmbh | Process for controlling the combustion air ratio on the burner of a heater |
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DE29612014U1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1996-09-05 | Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh, 35576 Wetzlar | Gas burner |
EP0770824B1 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 2000-01-26 | STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG | Method and circuit for controlling a gas burner |
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FR2638819A1 (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-05-11 | Vaillant Sarl | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING A COMBUSTIBLE-AIR MIXTURE FOR COMBUSTION |
DE19627857C2 (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-07-09 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg | Process for operating a gas fan burner |
-
1998
- 1998-11-20 DE DE19853567A patent/DE19853567A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-11-11 DE DE59909316T patent/DE59909316D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-11 EP EP99122611A patent/EP1002997B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-11 AT AT99122611T patent/ATE265655T1/en active
Patent Citations (2)
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EP0770824B1 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 2000-01-26 | STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG | Method and circuit for controlling a gas burner |
DE29612014U1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1996-09-05 | Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh, 35576 Wetzlar | Gas burner |
Cited By (13)
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US7223094B2 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2007-05-29 | Emb-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Blower for combustion air |
US6939127B2 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2005-09-06 | Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh | Method and device for adjusting air ratio |
WO2002077528A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh | Method and device for adjusting air ratio |
US8500441B2 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2013-08-06 | Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Method for regulating and controlling a firing device and a firing device |
WO2006000366A1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2006-01-05 | Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Method for regulating and controlling a firing apparatus, and firing apparatus |
US8636501B2 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2014-01-28 | Landshut GmbH | Method for regulating and controlling a firing device and firing device |
DE102010004826A1 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Honeywell Technologies S.A.R.L. | Method for operating a gas burner |
EP2354657A2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-08-10 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Method for operating a gas burner |
DE102013207720B4 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2019-10-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for monitoring incinerators |
EP3182007A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heating device system and method with a heating device system |
EP3260783A1 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-12-27 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method for determining the operational data of a gas heating device, gas heating device and computer program product |
EP3869099A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-25 | Vaillant GmbH | Method, device, and computer program product for regulating a fuel-air mixture in a heating device |
IT202100032360A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-23 | Sit Spa | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING AND CONTROL OF COMBUSTION IN FUEL GAS BURNERS |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1002997B1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
ATE265655T1 (en) | 2004-05-15 |
EP1002997A3 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
DE19853567A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
DE59909316D1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
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