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EP0991912B1 - Vorrichtung zur auslösung einer lawine - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur auslösung einer lawine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0991912B1
EP0991912B1 EP98924520A EP98924520A EP0991912B1 EP 0991912 B1 EP0991912 B1 EP 0991912B1 EP 98924520 A EP98924520 A EP 98924520A EP 98924520 A EP98924520 A EP 98924520A EP 0991912 B1 EP0991912 B1 EP 0991912B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leg
gun
base
downstream end
ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98924520A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0991912A1 (de
Inventor
Jacob Schippers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technologie Alpine De Securite - Tas Sa
Technologie Alpine de Securite TAS SA
Original Assignee
Technologie Alpine De Securite - Tas Sa
Technologie Alpine de Securite TAS SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technologie Alpine De Securite - Tas Sa, Technologie Alpine de Securite TAS SA filed Critical Technologie Alpine De Securite - Tas Sa
Publication of EP0991912A1 publication Critical patent/EP0991912A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0991912B1 publication Critical patent/EP0991912B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for triggering a avalanche comprising a gas cannon whose upstream end is fixed to a base securely anchored to the mountain, and the downstream end of which is carried by at least one foot so that the mouth of the barrel is arranged above the snowpack.
  • avalanche triggering devices comprising a gas cannon fixedly mounted on a mountainside, the bottom of which is securely anchored against a base made of a concrete block and whose the mouth opens above the snowpack, such as those described in US Patent US-A-5,107,765.
  • These guns are designed to trigger an avalanche in exposed areas, for example above ski resorts or residential areas.
  • These devices are very effective to trigger avalanche flows in areas known as avalanche corridors, i.e. mostly made up of steep gorges where snow accumulates quickly and can reach unstabilized critical masses. They turned out particularly effective on light and sparse snow layers which contain a large volume of air trapped in the snow crystals.
  • the blast caused by the detonation generates a wave effect with a strong initial compression followed by a trigger which breaks the snowpack and raises the snow mass enough to start a flow avalanche.
  • the mouth of the barrel is necessarily located above of the snowpack.
  • the devices require a rigid and extremely solid anchoring to the side of the mountain, in particular by means of a concrete base which is anchored to the rock and which constitutes the rear seat of the gun proper.
  • the device To support the front part, near the mouth of the barrel, the device has one or more feet which are also anchored securely in the mountains.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks by offering a effective solution to the problems mentioned above, this solution having in in addition to the advantage of lowering the cost of installation on site and considerably increase the longevity of the device.
  • the device as defined in the preamble and characterized by that the upstream end of the barrel is fixed to the base by a joint and in that the downstream end is ballasted, the foot being placed freely on a base secured to the terrain.
  • the downstream end of the barrel is ballasted by means of a ballast mounted near the mouth.
  • Said ballast may include a tank containing shot or concrete introduced through an opening in said tank.
  • downstream end of the barrel is ballasted by means a ballast housed in the foot which supports this downstream end.
  • said foot is hollow and said ballast consists of shot or concrete.
  • the foot rests freely on a base rigidly anchored to the side of the mountain and is arranged substantially vertically and coupled to the barrel by an articulation of horizontal axis.
  • the device includes ignition means arranged in the vicinity of the upstream end of the barrel.
  • said ignition means comprise at least one spark plug ignition connected to an ignition system comprising a pressure switch associated with a two-state microswitch, a capacitor, an electric battery and an igniter, this microswitch being arranged to put in communication the capacitor with the igniter when it is in a first state and for put the capacitor in communication with the battery when it is in its second state.
  • an ignition system comprising a pressure switch associated with a two-state microswitch, a capacitor, an electric battery and an igniter, this microswitch being arranged to put in communication the capacitor with the igniter when it is in a first state and for put the capacitor in communication with the battery when it is in its second state.
  • the device can also include a safety line which connects the base at the foot.
  • said device comprises a stop pin arranged vertically in the base supporting the foot, said foot support base being of concrete and having a steel base covered with a plate rubber to cushion the fallout of said foot.
  • the device 10 as shown consists essentially of a gas exploiter 11 comprising a barrel 12, fixed by its upstream end to a base 13 and whose downstream end is supported by a foot 14.
  • This foot 14 rests on a base 15 consisting of a block in concrete with a steel sole 9 covered with a rubber plate 16.
  • Base 13 also consists of a solid concrete block anchored to the side of the mountain.
  • the barrel 12 is an elongated tubular part comprising a straight section 12a and a curved section 12b which constitutes the downstream end of the exploder and defines its mouth.
  • the upstream end is fixed to the base by a hinge 17 having an axis horizontal which allows relative rotation of the barrel according to arrow A.
  • the foot 14 consists of a substantially cylindrical tubular element which is fixed to the curved section 12b of the barrel by means of a joint 19 to horizontal axis 20.
  • This joint consists of a first pair elements 21a, in the form of fans, which are fixed in parallel on both sides and on the other side of the curved section 12b of the barrel 12 and of a second pair elements 21b, in the form of flanges, which are fixed in parallel on both sides and on the other side of the upper part of the foot 14.
  • These two pairs of elements are coupled together by means of the horizontal axis 20.
  • the foot 14 is ballasted for example by means of a mass of shot or concrete which is placed inside the hollow tube which constitutes it.
  • the foot serves as a support for the barrel in the rest phase and it is suspended from this barrel at the time of a shot, when the downstream end of the barrel lifts under the breath of the explosion of gases.
  • the purpose of ballast is to limit the barrel pivot in the direction of arrow A and ensure the recall of this foot in its original position
  • a safety line 22 connects the base of the foot 14 to the base 13. This line is on the one hand fixed to a flange 23 anchored in this base and on the other hand to a flange 24 fixed to the foot 14.
  • a stop pin 25 is also fixed in the base 15 through the sole 9 and the rubber plate 16 to prevent, if necessary, the foot will fall from this base after a shot.
  • Means 54 which will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4, are mounted floating to avoid lightning problems and overcomes the part rear of barrel 12.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment is illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the difference major of this variant compared to the previous one is that the 114 foot is not ballasted, unlike foot 14 of Figure 1 and that ballast 115 intended to accelerate the fall of the mouth of the barrel after a shot and to prevent this cannon from rising too high under the action of the forces generated by the breath of the explosion rose near the mouth of the cannon.
  • a ballast is mounted on the barrel near its mouth. He introduces himself preferably in the form of a tank 116 having an upper opening 117 into which large quantities of shot or concrete can be dumped sufficient.
  • Figure 3 shows a detail view illustrating the upstream part of the barrel 12 proper illustrated by FIG. 2, with the connection terminals 50 and 51 of two spark plugs, the ends 52 and 53 of the gas supply fuel and oxygen and ignition means 54.
  • a flexible conduit 55 connects these ignition means to the nozzle 53 for supplying oxygen.
  • a protective cover 56 is arranged so that it can be folded and adapted over the top these different organs.
  • the ignition means 54 comprise a pressure switch 30 arranged to control two microswitches 31 and 32 in two states with three output terminals, namely a C terminal called output common, one terminal T called working terminal and one terminal R called rest station.
  • the ignition means also include, in the example shown in which two spark plugs 26 and 27 are respectively provided for igniting the gas mixture detonator, two capacitors 33 and 34, two cells or batteries accumulators 35 and 36 and two igniters 37 and 38.
  • the pressure switch 30 is connected to the oxygen supply pipe by the flexible pipe 55 or can be mounted directly on said conduit.
  • the microswitches 31 and 32 have two states.
  • the first state called the rest state, is obtained when no gas is flowing in the conduits and there is no pressure in the pressure switch 30.
  • the capacitors 33 and 34 are then in closed circuit with igniters 37 and 38, battery / capacitor circuits being open.
  • the second state known as the working state, is obtained when one of the two gases circulating in the conduits creates a slight overpressure in the pressure switch 30, which causes a change of state of the microswitches 31 and 32 and the transition from the state of rest to that of work.
  • Batteries 35 and 36 are found connected in closed circuit to capacitors 33 and 34 and the circuit with the capacitor / igniter open, the capacitors charge for the gas injection time.
  • said first state is obtained when oxygen circulates in the pipe and creates, via the hose 55, a pressure in the pressure switch 30.
  • the capacitors When the capacitors are discharged, the latter generate a train of sparks in the candles they fuel respectively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Auslösung einer Lawine mit einem Gasgeschütz (12), dessen hangaufwärts befindliches Ende in einer fest im Berg verankerten Basis (13) befestigt und dessen hangabwärts befindliches Ende durch mindestens einen Fuß (14) so getragen ist, wobei die Geschützmündung oberhalb der Schneedecke angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das hangaufwärts befindliche Ende des Geschützes (12) mittels eines Gelenkes (17) an der Basis (13) befestigt ist und das hangabwärts befindliche Ende mit einem Ballast belastet ist, wobei der Fuß (14) frei auf einem mit dem Gelände verbundenen Sockel (15) positioniert ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das hangabwärts befindliche Ende des Geschützes mittels eines in der Nähe der Mündung angebrachten Ballastes (115) belastet ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Ballast einen Behälter (116) umfaßt, der durch eine auf dem Behälter ausgebildete Öffnung (117) eingefüllten Kies oder Beton enthält.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das hangabwärts befindliche Ende des Geschützes mittels eines in dem Fuß (14), der das hangabwärts befindliche Ende trägt, gelagerten Ballastes belastet ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Fuß (14) hohl ist und einen sich aus Kies oder Beton zusammensetzenden Ballast enthält.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Fuß (14) frei auf einem fest in der Bergflanke verankerten Sockel (15) ruht.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Fuß nahezu vertikal angeordnet und durch ein Gelenk (19) mit Horizontalachse (20) an das Geschütz gekoppelt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    sie in der Nähe des hangaufwärts befindlichen Endes des Geschützes angeordnete Zündungsmittel (54) aufweist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die Zündungsmittel (54) mindestens eine Zündkerze (26) aufweisen, die mit einem Zündsystem verbunden ist, das einen Druckregler (30) aufweist, der mit einem Mikroschalter (31) mit zwei Zuständen, einem Kondensator (33), einer elektrischen Batterie (35) und einem Zündverteiler (37) verbunden ist, wobei der Mikroschalter so angeordnet ist, daß er die Verbindung zwischen dem Kondensator und dem Zündverteiler aufbaut, wenn er sich in einem ersten Zustand befindet, und daß er um die Verbindung zwischen dem Kondensator und der Batterie aufbaut, wenn er sich in seinem zweiten Zustand befindet.
  10. Vorrichtung :nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    sie ein Sicherheitsseil (22) aufweist, das die Basis (13) mit dem Fuß (14) verbindet.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    sie einen vertikal im Sockel (15), der den Fuß trägt, angeordneten Haltestift (25) aufweist.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Stützsockel (15) des Fußes (14) aus Beton besteht und eine Stahlsohle (9) aufweist, die zur Dämpfung des Zurückfallens des Fußes mit einer Gummiplatte (16) bedeckt ist.
EP98924520A 1997-06-26 1998-06-22 Vorrichtung zur auslösung einer lawine Expired - Lifetime EP0991912B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9708246 1997-06-26
FR9708246A FR2765321B1 (fr) 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche
PCT/IB1998/000972 WO1999000638A1 (fr) 1997-06-26 1998-06-22 Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0991912A1 EP0991912A1 (de) 2000-04-12
EP0991912B1 true EP0991912B1 (de) 2001-09-05

Family

ID=9508668

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98924520A Expired - Lifetime EP0991912B1 (de) 1997-06-26 1998-06-22 Vorrichtung zur auslösung einer lawine

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6374717B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0991912B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3956060B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE205298T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2292812C (de)
DE (1) DE69801581T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2163278T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2765321B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1999000638A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2925152B1 (fr) * 2007-12-14 2013-06-28 Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches
DE102009037705B4 (de) 2009-08-18 2014-03-27 Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auslösen von Lawinenabgängen
FR2953922B1 (fr) * 2009-12-10 2011-12-09 Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches
FR2958739B1 (fr) * 2010-04-09 2012-05-11 Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanche
FR2964732B1 (fr) 2010-09-14 2013-06-14 Alp Artifices Projectile pour declenchement d'avalanche
US8596929B2 (en) * 2011-07-05 2013-12-03 James R. Hughes Avalanche control system and method
US11333474B2 (en) * 2016-08-07 2022-05-17 Explosive Alternatives, Inc. Apparatus and method for blasting

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AR245818A1 (es) * 1988-03-03 1994-02-28 Schippers Jacob Dispositivo para desencadenar un alud.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2765321B1 (fr) 1999-09-17
CA2292812A1 (fr) 1999-01-07
ES2163278T3 (es) 2002-01-16
US6374717B1 (en) 2002-04-23
CA2292812C (fr) 2006-09-12
DE69801581D1 (de) 2001-10-11
JP3956060B2 (ja) 2007-08-08
ATE205298T1 (de) 2001-09-15
JP2002506512A (ja) 2002-02-26
WO1999000638A1 (fr) 1999-01-07
EP0991912A1 (de) 2000-04-12
FR2765321A1 (fr) 1998-12-31
DE69801581T2 (de) 2002-07-11

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