EP0953190A2

EP0953190A2 - Key for wind instruments and method for mounting the same

Info

Publication number: EP0953190A2
Application number: EP98906808A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wolf Kodera
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-01-15
Filing date: 1998-01-15
Publication date: 1999-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2018-01-15
Also published as: WO1998032119A2; WO1998032119A3; EP0953190B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a key (1) for a musical wind instrument having sound holes, with a reverberating surface (8) facing the sound hole, for the sound, and with a sealing surface (2) adjacent to the sound hole edge, whereby the sealing surface (2) annularly surrounds the reflecting surface (8), and a second reflecting surface (9) is fitted radially outside the sealing surface (2). The key (1) is fastened to a movably accommodated support (3), which guides the key (1) between a position that closes the sound hole and an open position. The invention is characterized in that the key (1) is fastened to the support (3) by means of an elastically ductile intermediary piece (4), and the intermediary piece (4) tapers from a first, base-forming end to a second, more pointed end, and the intermediary piece (4) is fastened at one of these ends to the key (1) and at the other end to the support (3). The intermediary piece (4) is enclosed by a vibration-reducing damping body (5) which is softer than the intermediary piece.

Description

"Flap for wind instruments and process for their assembly"

The invention relates to a flap according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for mounting such a flap.

Generic flaps are known from DE 40 08 452 A1 and US 4,328,734. The reflection surface provided within the seal is formed in one piece from the flap material, the seal being designed as a ring. The reflection surface provided outside the seal improves the sound of the instrument when the flap is open compared to flaps with a small reflection surface. When the flap is closed, if it occurs on the tone hole edge, flap noises can occur, which are undesirable since the player only wants to hear the notes given by the notes if possible.

Non-generic flaps are known from DE-OS 1 903 244, US 4,729,275, US 5,417,135, GB-PS 717 902 and WO 96/21923. Reflection surfaces are provided there as additional components, which are mounted facing the tone hole in front of the sealing surface, which is often designed as a disc.

This means an increased valve weight. Basically, the flap should be made as light as possible, since a heavy weight of the flap can lead to signs of fatigue or cramping after a longer period of play

The musician can only close the flap by overcoming this spring force

In the non-generic flaps, an increase in the reflective surface area led to a larger flap weight, since for this purpose the reflective surfaces provided as additional components had to be larger and therefore heavier. In addition, the possibilities of enlarging were restricted by the tone hole diameter

The installation of flaps is complex, since each flap must be adjusted exactly to the sealing seat at the tone hole edge. The always concentric design of reflection and sealing surfaces leads to minimally narrow sealing surfaces with larger reflection surfaces, so that the

Assembly and adjustment tolerances are minimal and involve time-consuming assembly and adjustment work

Smaller reflective surfaces are undesirable in terms of sound because of strong sound damping, both when the flap is closed, since the proportion of the sound-absorbing sealing surface is large within the tone hole diameter, and when the flap is open, since the proportion of the sound-absorbing sealing surface from the flap surface facing the sound hole is also large

The object of the invention is to improve a generic flap in such a way that it enables inexpensive manufacture and good sound of the musical instruments, and to specify a method which is simple

Assembly of such a flap allows This object on which the invention is based is achieved by the design of a flap having the features of claim 1 and by an assembly method having the method steps of claim 11

In other words, the invention proposes to fasten the flap to the movable holder by means of an elastic intermediate piece designed in the shape of a cone, cone tooth, pyramid or the like. The wide base enables good fastening to the holder and largely protects the intermediate piece against lateral displacements or deformations to the tip of this intermediate piece increasingly less thick material enables the highly flexible fastening of the flap to the intermediate piece, since only small amounts of material have to be deformed for deformation, so that an optimal one automatically

Fine adjustment of the flap is brought about when it comes into contact with the tone hole edge, thereby making it possible to optimally seal the tone hole

Compared to the use of a stiff, pendulum socket-like axis known from W096 / 21923, around which a steaming disc is arranged, better damping behavior is also achieved. Flap noises, which can occur when the flap strikes the tone hole, are steamed and cannot get into undesirably transferred from the flap to other components of the musical instrument

In contrast to the generic flaps, in which a sealing or damping ring is received in a groove of the flap, the flap according to the invention is advantageously provided to glue the annular sealing surface onto the flat flap surface. This has several advantages 1 The flaps can be assembled quickly and easily. Due to the large flap surface facing the tone hole, a sealing ring can be arranged eccentrically in a comparatively wide area and the flap does not have to be lengthily aligned exactly to the tone hole

In particular, the sealing ring can first be placed in the correct position on the edge of the tone hole. The correct position of the sealing ring on the flap is now achieved when the flap is closed by means of an adhesive layer. The width of the sealing ring can therefore be narrow, since it does not tolerate the alignment of the Flap must compensate

2 The undesired sound damping when the flap is closed can be reduced by the small width of the sealing ring, since the proportion of the sound-absorbing sealing surface can be minimized within the sound hole diameter

3 For the same reason, even when the flap is open, the flap surface facing the tone hole can have a minimal proportion of sound-absorbing sealing surface, with the larger reflecting flap diameter compared to other flaps also having an effect

4 Since the flap can consist in the minimum of only one plate and a sealing ring attached to it, it is possible to enlarge the reflective surface even with a flap weight that still weighs under the weight of comparable flaps

Advantageous refinements of the invention can be found in the subclaims

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings Fig. 1 - 3 three exemplary embodiments with different intermediate pieces and flaps, and Fig. 4 shows the exemplary embodiment from Fig. 1, but with a sealing ring positioned differently from Fig. 1

In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a flap which can be used on a musical instrument, for example on a saxophone, but which, in a similar embodiment, can also be used on all other wind musical instruments with tone punches or tone combs, for example on oboes,

Clarinets, flutes, bassoons or the like

The flap 1 has a sealing ring 2 as a sealing surface, which rests on the edge of the tone hole and thus closes the tone hole in an airtight manner. The flap 1 can have a considerably larger diameter than the sealing ring 2 Tone hole diameter not having to produce a myriad of different flap sizes

In addition to a first reflection surface 8 radially inside the sealing ring 2, this also results in a second reflection surface 9 radially outside the sealing ring 2

The flap 1 is connected to a holder 3, the holder being pivotally mounted on the musical instrument via a lever linkage (not shown) and allowing the pivoting movement of the flap between its open and its closed position. If appropriate, it can be connected to a keyboard by means of further lever rods. which an actuation of the

Flap 1 allows a considerable distance from the flap 1

The flap 1 is connected to the holder 3 via an intermediate piece 4. The intermediate piece 4 runs conically from its base on the holder 3 to its more pointed end on the flap 1 Das Because of its wide contact surface on the holder 3, the intermediate piece 1 enables the flap 1 to be secured against displacement, so that parallel displacements between the flap 1 and the holder 3 can be excluded under the conditions which occur in practice

Installation of the sealing ring 2 on the tone hole edge guaranteed

The intermediate piece 4 meets the flap 1 with its almost punctiform small tip.This provides great elasticity and good damping behavior when the flap 1 strikes the edge of the tone hole. A secure connection between the intermediate piece 4 and the flap 1 is achieved by a surrounding the intermediate piece 4 Damping body 5 enables the damping body 5 consists of a material which is more flexible than the intermediate piece 4 and enables the flap 1 to oscillate around the tip of the intermediate piece 4, so that the flap 1 can always optimally fit the tone hole. The damping body 5 can be used with the Intermediate piece 4 can be glued An intimate connection between the damping body 5 and the intermediate piece 4 can also be ensured in a simultaneous production process in which the intermediate piece 4 and the damping body 5 are injected or cast at the same time

The damping body 5 has a large contact surface towards the flap 1, so that a secure connection of the flap 1 with the holder 3 over the large contact surface of the damping body 5, the connecting surface between the damping body 5 and intermediate piece 4 and finally over the large base surface of the Intermediate piece 4 is achieved with which this rests on the holder 3

The damping body 5 surrounds the intermediate piece 4 at its flap-side end with a precise contour, that is to say tightly fitting. On the one hand, therefore, it secures the desired guidance of the flap 1 by stabilizing the very easily malleable intermediate piece 4, on the other hand, the softness of the damping body 5 avoids valve flaps, which could occur with a greater hardness in the area of the tip of the intermediate piece 4 are effected at its flap-side end and can be avoided by using the damping body 5

In addition, the intermediate piece 4, although it is comparatively soft in comparison to metallic materials itself, can end pointedly due to the support by the damping element 5, in particular at the flap-side end of the intermediate piece 4, and enable a precise tilting movement of the flap 1 ball segment-like or similar dome-like wide end of the intermediate piece 4 a rolling movement in which the center of the flap not only moves with respect to its angular position with respect to the tone hole edge, but also shifts laterally and / or vertically, so that precise opening and closing the tone hole is difficult

Intermediate piece 4 and damping body 5 together form an intermediate body 6, which can be configured, for example, in the form of a disk or in the form of a cylinder. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the outer contour of the intermediate body 6 is determined by the outer contour of the damping body 5

The flap 1 according to FIG. 1 has a very large, reverberant surface area on its side facing the tone hole, since on this side of the flap 1 only the sealing ring 2 covers the surface of the flap 1. The flap 1 therefore does not require any additional resonators, reflectors directed towards the tone hole od or the like, both when closed and when open

Flap affect the sound of the instrument The flap 1 is itself an optimal sound reflector with a large reflecting surface, so that overall the construction according to FIG. 1 can be kept very easily and correspondingly low spring forces are required to keep the flap 1 open. Accordingly, the actuation for closing the flap is easy since only the low spring forces have to be overcome

In contrast to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, provision can be made to design the more pointed end of the intermediate piece 4 in the shape of a truncated cone, so that the intermediate piece 4 opposite its base has a tip which is not small in terms of points but has a certain area with it A flat attachment to the flap 1 may be possible, for example by gluing. The damping body 5, which in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 enables the entire intermediate body 6 to be glued to the flap 1, may then be omitted, so that the entire flap arrangement becomes even lighter

Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment, in which the flap 1 has in its center a hole through which the tip of the intermediate piece 4 extends. The tip is arrow-shaped and barb-shaped, so that the flap 1 is fixed between two surfaces, on the one hand, the smaller surface of the truncated cone-shaped intermediate piece 4 and, on the other hand, the barb-like surface of the tip of this intermediate piece 4. A pulling aid 7 molded onto the tip can be provided in order to facilitate pulling the tip of the intermediate piece 4 through the flap 1, the pulling aid 7 being cut off or on later other way can be removed

The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 also has a very large free surface of the flap 1, which is directed towards the tone hole, so that in this exemplary embodiment too, additional resonators or reflectors on the flap 1 are used. can be pulled, since the flap 1 itself acts as such a reflector.

In both exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the flap 1 is arranged without play, but can be moved in a pendulum manner at the tip of the intermediate piece 4. In this way, an undesired, arbitrary swinging of the flap 1 is prevented. The flap 1 is rather in a preferred orientation in front of the tone hole when it is in its open position. This is for the desired distribution of that exiting the tone hole

Sounds beneficial. For this reason, it is also possible to deviate from the straight cross-sectional profiles of the flap 1 shown. For example, flaps with a convex or concave cross-sectional shape and the corresponding sound distribution can be used:

Fig. 3 shows a convex flap 1 and a holder 3, wherein the intermediate body 6 has an intermediate piece 4, which is fitted in the middle and is therefore double-conical. For this purpose, a specially designed intermediate body 6

3 or can be produced by using two intermediate bodies 6 according to FIG. 1, in which two such intermediate bodies 6 are connected to one another, for example by gluing.

In the intermediate body 6 according to FIG. 3, the tilting axis for the flap 1 is located away from the plate surface in the region of the waist of the intermediate piece 4, that is to say in the plane on the outside of the circumferential edge of the flap 1 carrying the sealing ring 2.

The tilting axis of a flap 1 can advantageously lie in the plane in which the lower edge of the sealing ring 2 is located, so that the tilting movements achieved support optimally uniform contact of the sealing ring 2 on the edge of the sound hole and slight inclinations can be avoided. nen, which would otherwise have to be compensated for by the elasticity of the material used for the sealing ring 2. For this purpose, the flap 1 can have a concavely drawn-in profile, similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 3.

However, it can also be provided regardless of the basic flap shape, where the intermediate body 4 abuts the flap 1, to provide a recess in the flap, so that the fastening of the intermediate piece 4 on the flap 1 is arranged so recessed relative to the outer circumferential flap edge is that the tilt axis in the desired plane on the sealing ring 2 results. The recesses can be milled into wooden flaps, a material accumulation being provided under the main flap plane, into which the recess extends, so that the recess can be deeper than the material thickness of the flap. Corresponding depressions can be embossed on metallic flaps.

The depressions advantageously have a larger average area than the intermediate piece 4, which extends into the depression. In this way, free movement and deformability of the intermediate piece 4 is ensured in this area, so that the tilt axis can be shifted into this area.

The holders 3 of FIGS. 1 and 3 each have a circumferential collar 8 which, in addition to being bonded, also fixes the intermediate body 6 by positive locking against lateral displacements.

In the drawings it is shown purely by way of example that the flaps can have a larger diameter than the sealing rings 2. FIG. 4 illustrates that this protrusion apart from

Enlargement of the reflective surface to an advantageous day type of flaps can be used: First, a loose sealing ring 2 is optimally positioned on the edge of the tone hole with the flap open. On the back of the sealing ring 2 is coated self-adhesive. Now flap 1 is closed. This achieves two advantages:

A perfect fit of the sealing ring is ensured without complex adjustment of the flap, i.e. even when the flap is not exactly centered over the tone hole. Given the number of flaps e.g. on a saxophone, a very lengthy and labor-intensive production or maintenance step can be significantly reduced in price.

The sealing ring 2 can also be made correspondingly narrow and make correspondingly large portions of the flap surface available as a sound reflection surface, which is advantageous in terms of sound. A larger width of the sealing ring to compensate for tolerances in the case of a flap that is not precisely centered is not necessary.

Claims

Claims: -

1. flap for a musical instrument with sound holes, with a reflection surface directed towards the sound hole for sound, and with a sealing surface adjacent to the sound hole edge, the sealing surface surrounding the reflection surface in an annular manner, a second reflection surface (9) being arranged radially outside the sealing surface , and wherein the flap is fastened to a movably mounted holder which guides the flap between a position closing the tone hole and an open position, characterized in that the flap (1) is fastened to the holder (3) by means of an elastically deformable intermediate piece (4) The intermediate piece (4) tapers from a first, forming a base, to a second, more pointed end, and wherein the intermediate piece (4) has one of these two ends on the flap (1) and the other end on the holder (3), and wherein the intermediate piece (4) is compared to the intermediate piece (4) softer, vibration-damping damping body (5) is surrounded.

2. Flap according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing surface from a glued to the flap (1)

Material exists.

3. Flap according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate piece (4) is directed with its base to the holder (3) and with its tip to the flap (1).

4. Flap according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the intermediate piece (4) with the holder (3) and the flap (1) is glued.

5. Flap according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate piece (4) is fixed with a mushroom-shaped or arrow-shaped head part at its tip in a bore in the flap (1).

6. Flap according to claim 3, characterized in that the

Flap (1) in the area of the tip of the intermediate piece (4) is fixed to the intermediate piece (4) without play.

7. Flap according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate piece (4) with the damping body (5) is non-detachably and together with this forms an intermediate body (6).

8. Flap according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holder (3) has a circumferential collar (8) and that the base of the intermediate piece (4) or the intermediate body (6) extends up to the collar (8) extends.

9. Flap according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing surface is designed as a sealing ring (2).

10. Flap according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tilting axis of the flap (1) is arranged in the plane of the underside of the sealing surface.

11. A method of assembling a flap according to claim 1, characterized in that first with the flap (1) open, a sealing ring (2) is positioned on the edge of the tone hole, the sealing ring (2) being removed from the edge of the tone hole. facing side is coated with adhesive, and that the flap (1) is then closed.