EP0943731A1 - Filter material with adjustable wettability and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Filter material with adjustable wettability and process for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0943731A1 EP0943731A1 EP98105114A EP98105114A EP0943731A1 EP 0943731 A1 EP0943731 A1 EP 0943731A1 EP 98105114 A EP98105114 A EP 98105114A EP 98105114 A EP98105114 A EP 98105114A EP 0943731 A1 EP0943731 A1 EP 0943731A1
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- European Patent Office
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- filter material
- material according
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- basis weight
- cellulose
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000623 Cellulose acetate phthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940081734 cellulose acetate phthalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003132 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940031704 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000004178 Anthoxanthum odoratum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071161 dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
- B65D85/804—Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/08—Filter paper
Definitions
- Filter bags for cold and hot filtration e.g. Tea bags, coffee bags (see also DE 39 02 298), filter bags for flavors, spices and cooking bags e.g. for rice and vegetables; Filter papers for tea and coffee, for those Beverage industry, for medical applications and as well Filtration of oils and emulsions from heat sealable and filter materials that are not heat-sealable.
- hydrophilic filter papers immediately show a swelling behavior after contact with water that changes affects that the paper absorbs moisture heavily, swelling of the paper fibers begins and itself thereby the number of openings between the fibers and the Size of the openings changes.
- a disadvantage of this hydrophobization is, however, that the water-repellent fiber property during leaching a teabag made from it a much larger one Takes time than an untreated one conventional pouch.
- a tea or coffee filter made from such a is made hydrophobic filter material, the Increase the filtering time of the water in the filter so far that a machine infusion there is a risk that the filter overflows.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object by controlling water wettability and water absorption of the filter material, i.e. through appropriate treatment of the filter material, an interplay between hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties (amphiphilic) of the To achieve filter material, so that a filter material is obtained in which after processing into an infusion bag or avoided the disadvantages described above for a filter become.
- Another object of the present invention is a Process for producing such a filter material specify.
- One embodiment of the present invention is the subject thus the filter material according to claim 1. Preferred Embodiments of this filter material are shown in FIGS Subclaims 2 to 13 are shown.
- Another object of the present invention is a Process for producing such a filter material according to claim 14.
- the filter material according to the invention which is impregnated with an amphiphilic substance or with a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic substance, expediently has a basis weight of between 10-120 g / m 2 , preferably 12-40 g / m 2 , the filter material not being heat-sealable or heat-sealable can be.
- the filter material according to the invention has a controlled one Water wettability and water absorption. Under the Term "controlled water wettability and water absorption capacity" it is understood here and below that the Filter material has water wettability and water absorption capacity owns one between those completely hydrophobic filter material (0%) and one hydrophilic filter material (100%). Conveniently the filter material according to the invention has water wettability and water absorption in the range of 10% to 90%, preferably in the range of 10% to 50%.
- the Water wettability and water absorption capacity can be e.g. using a suction level test, i.e. ever the filter material is more hydrophilic (if the proportion of hydrophilizing agent is larger) the higher the suction height. According to the suction level test was carried out under the conditions according to DIN 53106 (synonymous with ISO 8787).
- Hydrophobic substances are among others:
- Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers styrene-butadiene copolymers, Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), Polyacrylamide, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), silicone resins, terpene resins, ketone resins, Coumarone resins, styrene-acrylic acid copolymers, such as n-butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer, Ethyl cellulose (EC), cellulose acetate and Dimethylpolysiloxanes, preferably styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, Styrene-butadiene copolymers and styrene-acrylic acid
- Hydrophilic substances are among others:
- PEG Polyethylene glycols
- MC methyl cellulose
- HPMC hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
- HPPC hydroxypropyl cellulose
- HPC Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate
- PVP polyvinyl pyrrolidone
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PEG polyacrylic acids
- Gelatin alginates and sulfosuccinates, preferably Sulfosuccinates, especially sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate.
- Amphiphilic substances are among others:
- Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC
- cellulose acetate phthalate CAP
- Polyacrylates surfactants, e.g. Soaps, ester sulfonates, Fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, such as dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkanesulfonates, Fatty alcohol sulfates, such as lauryl alcohol sulfate, are preferred Dedecylbenzenesulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, especially sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
- the amount added is for the hydrophobic substances expediently 0.5-20%, preferably 10%, and in the hydrophilic substances expediently 0.01-5%, preferably 0.05%, based on the paper weight.
- the amount added is in the case of amphiphilic substances expediently 0.1% -3%, preferably 1%.
- the amount added preferably 0.05% hydrophilic and 10% hydrophobic substances, or 1% amphiphilic substances.
- a filter material with an amphiphilic substance or with a hydrophobic and one treated hydrophilic substance is produced by the process of producing a filter material with Controlled water wettability and water absorption.
- a filter material is generally produced in a manner known in the relevant art Application of an aqueous suspension of natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers on a paper machine wire.
- the heat-sealable, synthetic Fibers deposited on the first layer and by a subsequent one Drying process melted the synthetic fibers, so that it deals with the natural fibers of the first layer connect.
- the filter material produced according to the invention can be excellent for the production of filters for aqueous hot or Cold filtration, filter bags for drinks or flavors, Cooking bags, filters for medical applications and of Use filters to filter emulsions or oils.
- the filter material according to the invention can preferably be used for the production of tea bags.
- Preferred subject Embodiment of the present invention is thus one of the tea bag produced according to the filter material according to the invention.
- Figure 1 shows a tea bag on the right, whose paper only is equipped hydrophobically and with the infusion upwards floats, with part of the bag not wetted by the water becomes.
- the left teabag whose paper also hydrophilizes is located in the lower part of the vessel and becomes complete wetted. Through the precise setting of an amphiphilic paper property the tea bag made from it can then e.g. are held in the middle of the vessel, where experience has shown that Temperature is very high and the infusion is the fastest.
- Figure 2 shows the course of the color intensity development of the Extract when infusing a tea bag as a function of time.
- Curve 1 shows the course of the color development of a Extract from a tea bag, which is only hydrophobic equipped filter material was manufactured.
- Curve 2 shows the color development of an extract from a tea bag an additional hydrophilized filter material. It is clear the faster color development (curve 2) within about 2 min. observed with the additionally hydrophilized bag.
- a tea bag is placed in a beaker of boiling water poured over and the liquid with a magnetic stirrer constant kept moving.
- the tea is infused by a continuously operating pump through a cell into the spectrophotometer. At a fixed wavelength is then dependent on the Time (X-axis) the spectral absorption of light (Y-axis) of the tea infusion.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Üblicherweise werden Filterbeutel für die Kalt- und Heißfiltration, z.B. Teebeutel, Kaffeebeutel (siehe auch DE 39 02 298), Filterbeutel für Aromen, Gewürze sowie Kochbeutel z.B. für Reis und Gemüse; Filterpapiere für Tee und Kaffee, für die Getränkeindustrie, für medizinische Anwendungen und sowie zur Filtration von Ölen und Emulsionen aus heißsiegelfähigen und nicht heißsiegelfähigen Filtermaterialien hergestellt.Filter bags for cold and hot filtration, e.g. Tea bags, coffee bags (see also DE 39 02 298), filter bags for flavors, spices and cooking bags e.g. for rice and vegetables; Filter papers for tea and coffee, for those Beverage industry, for medical applications and as well Filtration of oils and emulsions from heat sealable and filter materials that are not heat-sealable.
Es ist dabei bekannt, daß hydrophile Filterpapiere unmittelbar nach dem Kontakt mit Wasser ein Quellverhalten zeigen, das sich dahingehend auswirkt, daß das Papier stark Feuchtigkeit absorbiert, eine Quellung der Papierfasern einsetzt und sich dadurch die Anzahl der Öffnungen zwischen den Fasern und die Größe der Öffnungen ändert.It is known that hydrophilic filter papers immediately show a swelling behavior after contact with water that changes affects that the paper absorbs moisture heavily, swelling of the paper fibers begins and itself thereby the number of openings between the fibers and the Size of the openings changes.
Das äußert sich bei einem Teebeutel, der z.B. mit stark ausgasenden Kräutern, Heilpflanzen oder Tee gefüllt ist, darin, daß er aufgrund des entstehenden Gasdruckes beim Übergießen mit heißem Wasser sogar aufplatzen kann.This manifests itself in a tea bag that e.g. with strong outgassing herbs, medicinal plants or tea is filled in that due to the resulting gas pressure when pouring over hot water can even burst.
Darüber hinaus kann bei Verwendung eines solchen hydrophilen Filtermaterials zur Herstellung eines Tee- oder Kaffeefilters durch das starke hydrophile Verhalten des Filtermaterials die Kontaktzeit des Tees bzw. Kaffees mit dem kochenden Wasser stark vermindert werden. Dadurch lassen der Geschmack des Tees bzw. des Kaffees sowie die damit verbundene Farbentwicklung zu wünschen.In addition, when using such a hydrophilic Filter material for making a tea or coffee filter due to the strong hydrophilic behavior of the filter material Contact time of the tea or coffee with the boiling water be greatly reduced. This leaves the taste of the tea or the coffee and the associated color development to wish.
Zur Lösung dieses Problems schlägt beispielsweise die DE 19 51 360.0 A1 die Verwendung von Papieren mit großer Porenweite vor.DE 19 51, for example, proposes to solve this problem 360.0 A1 the use of papers with a large pore size.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit, die Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme der Papierfasern zu verhindern, besteht darin, sie u.a. mit einer Latex-Dispersion zu hydrophobieren, so wie es in der EP 0 632 163 A1 vorgeschlagen wurde, wodurch die Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit praktisch Null wird.Another way to absorb moisture Preventing paper fibers is, among other things, with a To make latex dispersion hydrophobic, as is described in EP 0 632 163 A1 has been proposed, increasing water absorption becomes practically zero.
Ein Nachteil dieser Hydrophobierung besteht jedoch darin, daß die wasserabstoßende Fasereigenschaft bei einer Auslaugung eines daraus gefertigten Teebeutels eine wesentlich größere Zeit in Anspruch nimmt, als bei einem unbehandelten herkömmlichen Beutel.A disadvantage of this hydrophobization is, however, that the water-repellent fiber property during leaching a teabag made from it a much larger one Takes time than an untreated one conventional pouch.
Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß so ein Teebeutel, der wegen der Hydrophobierung des Papiers nur schwer benetzt wird, direkt nach dem Aufguß mit heißem Wasser die Tendenz zeigt, so schnell wie möglich zur Wasseroberfläche aufzuschwimmen. Dort ist erfahrungsgemäß die Wassertemperatur geringer als in der Gefäßmitte und im unteren Teil des Gefäßes. Außerdem wird dadurch auch nur ein Teil des Beutels vom Wasser umschlossen, so daß die Auslaugung des Inhaltes verlangsamt wird.Another disadvantage is that such a tea bag, the is difficult to wet because of the hydrophobicity of the paper, immediately after the infusion with hot water shows the tendency so to swim to the water surface as quickly as possible. There experience shows that the water temperature is lower than in the Middle of the vessel and in the lower part of the vessel. Besides, will thereby enclosing only part of the bag with the water, so that the leaching of the content is slowed down.
Ein Tee- oder Kaffeefilter, der aus einem derartigen, hydrophobierten Filtermaterial hergestellt ist, kann die Filtrierzeit des Wassers im Filter so weit erhöhen, daß bei einem maschinellen Aufguß die Gefahr besteht, daß der Filter überläuft.A tea or coffee filter made from such a is made hydrophobic filter material, the Increase the filtering time of the water in the filter so far that a machine infusion there is a risk that the filter overflows.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, durch Steuerung der Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit des Filtermaterials, d.h. durch eine geeignete Behandlung des Filtermaterials, ein Zusammenspiel zwischen hydrophoben und hydrophilen Eigenschaften (amphiphil) des Filtermaterials zu erreichen, so daß ein Filtermaterial erhalten wird, bei dem nach Verarbeitung zu einem Aufgußbeutel oder zu einem Filter die oben geschilderten Nachteile vermieden werden. Weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Filtermaterials anzugeben.The present invention is therefore based on the object by controlling water wettability and water absorption of the filter material, i.e. through appropriate treatment of the filter material, an interplay between hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties (amphiphilic) of the To achieve filter material, so that a filter material is obtained in which after processing into an infusion bag or avoided the disadvantages described above for a filter become. Another object of the present invention is a Process for producing such a filter material specify.
Gegenstand einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist
somit das Filtermaterial gemäß Anspruch 1. Bevorzugte
Ausführungsformen dieses Filtermaterials sind in den
Unteransprüchen 2 bis 13 dargestellt.One embodiment of the present invention is the subject
thus the filter material according to
Weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Filtermaterials gemäß Patentanspruch 14.Another object of the present invention is a Process for producing such a filter material according to claim 14.
Das erfindungsgemäße Filtermaterial, das mit einer amphiphilen Substanz oder mit einer hydrophilen und einer hydrophoben Substanz imprägniert ist, hat zweckmäßigerweise ein Flächengewicht zwischen 10-120 g/m2, bevorzugt 12-40 g/m2, wobei das Filtermaterial nicht heißsiegelfähig oder auch heißsiegelfähig sein kann.The filter material according to the invention, which is impregnated with an amphiphilic substance or with a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic substance, expediently has a basis weight of between 10-120 g / m 2 , preferably 12-40 g / m 2 , the filter material not being heat-sealable or heat-sealable can be.
Das erfindungsgemäße Filtermaterial besitzt eine gesteuerte Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit. Unter dem Begriff "gesteuerte Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit" wird hier und im folgenden verstanden, daß das Filtermaterial eine Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit besitzt, die zwischen denjenigen eines vollständig hydrophobierten Filtermaterials (0 %) und denjenigen eines hydrophilen Filtermaterials (100 %) liegt. Zweckmäßigerweise besitzt das erfindungsgemäße Filtermaterial eine Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit im Bereich von 10 % bis 90 %, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 10 % bis 50 %. Die Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit läßt sich beispielsweise mithilfe eines Saughöhentests bestimmen, d.h. je hydrophiler das Filtermaterial ist, (wenn der Anteil an Hydrophilierungsmittel größer ist) desto höher ist die Saughöhe. Erfindungsgemäß wurde der Saughöhentest unter den Bedingungen gemäß DIN 53106 (synonym zu ISO 8787) durchgeführt.The filter material according to the invention has a controlled one Water wettability and water absorption. Under the Term "controlled water wettability and water absorption capacity" it is understood here and below that the Filter material has water wettability and water absorption capacity owns one between those completely hydrophobic filter material (0%) and one hydrophilic filter material (100%). Conveniently The filter material according to the invention has water wettability and water absorption in the range of 10% to 90%, preferably in the range of 10% to 50%. The Water wettability and water absorption capacity can be e.g. using a suction level test, i.e. ever the filter material is more hydrophilic (if the proportion of hydrophilizing agent is larger) the higher the suction height. According to the suction level test was carried out under the conditions according to DIN 53106 (synonymous with ISO 8787).
Styrol-Maleinsäureanhydrid-Copolymere, Styrol-Butadien-Copolymere, Polystyrol (PS), Polyethylen (PE), Polypropylen (PP), Polyvinylchlorid (PVC), Polyvinylacetat (PVAc), Polyacrylamid, Polymethacrylate, Polyacrylate, Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE), Polyvinylidenchlorid (PVDC), Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF), Siliconharze, Terpenharze, Ketonharze, Cumaronharze, Styrol-Acrylsäure-Copolymere, wie n-Butylacrylat-Styrol-Copolymer, Ethylcellulose (EC), Celluloseacetat und Dimethylpolysiloxane, vorzugsweise Styrol-Maleinsäureanhydrid-Copolymere, Styrol-Butadien-Copolymere und Styrol-Acrylsäure-Copolymere, insbesondere n-Butylacrylat-Styrol-Copolymer.Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), Polyacrylamide, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), silicone resins, terpene resins, ketone resins, Coumarone resins, styrene-acrylic acid copolymers, such as n-butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer, Ethyl cellulose (EC), cellulose acetate and Dimethylpolysiloxanes, preferably styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, Styrene-butadiene copolymers and styrene-acrylic acid copolymers, especially n-butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.
Polyethylenglykole (PEG), Methylcellulose (MC), Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), Hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose-phthalat (HPMCP), Polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP), Polyvinylalkohol (PVA), Polyacrylsäuren, Gelatine, Alginate und Sulfosuccinate, vorzugsweise Sulfosuccinate, insbesondere Natriumdialkylsulfosuccinat.Polyethylene glycols (PEG), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylic acids, Gelatin, alginates and sulfosuccinates, preferably Sulfosuccinates, especially sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Celluloseacetatphthalat (CAP), Polyacrylate, Tenside, wie z.B. Seifen, Estersulfonate, Fettalkoholethoxylate, Fettalkoholether-sulfate, Alkylbenzolsulfonate, wie Dodecylbenzolsulfonat, Alkansulfonate, Fettalkoholsulfate, wie Laurylalkoholsulfat, vorzugsweise Dedecylbenzolsulfonat, Carboxymethylcellulose, Celluloseacetatphthalat, insbesondere Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose.Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), Polyacrylates, surfactants, e.g. Soaps, ester sulfonates, Fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, such as dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkanesulfonates, Fatty alcohol sulfates, such as lauryl alcohol sulfate, are preferred Dedecylbenzenesulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, especially sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Die Zugabemenge ist bei den hydrophoben Substanzen zweckmäßigerweise 0,5 - 20 %, vorzugsweise 10 %, und bei den hydrophilen Substanzen zweckmäßigerweise 0,01-5%, vorzugsweise 0,05%, bezogen auf das Papiergewicht. Die Zugabemenge beträgt bei amphiphilen Substanzen zweckmäßigerweise 0,1%-3%, vorzugsweise 1%.The amount added is for the hydrophobic substances expediently 0.5-20%, preferably 10%, and in the hydrophilic substances expediently 0.01-5%, preferably 0.05%, based on the paper weight. The amount added is in the case of amphiphilic substances expediently 0.1% -3%, preferably 1%.
Bei der Verwendung des Filtermaterials als Teebeutel beträgt die Zugabemenge vorzugsweise 0,05% hydrophiler und 10 % hydrophober Substanzen, oder 1% amphiphiler Substanzen. When using the filter material as a tea bag the amount added preferably 0.05% hydrophilic and 10% hydrophobic substances, or 1% amphiphilic substances.
Bei dem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Filtermaterials mit gesteuerter Wasserbenetzbarkeit und Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Filtermaterial mit einer amphiphilen Substanz oder mit einer hydrophoben und einer hydrophilen Substanz behandelt.In the process of producing a filter material with Controlled water wettability and water absorption According to the present invention, a filter material with an amphiphilic substance or with a hydrophobic and one treated hydrophilic substance.
Im allgemeinen erfolgt die Herstellung eines Filtermaterials nach auf dem einschlägigen Fachgebiet bekannter Weise durch Aufbringen einer wäßrigen Suspension von Naturfasern und/oder synthetischen Fasern auf ein Papiermaschinensieb.A filter material is generally produced in a manner known in the relevant art Application of an aqueous suspension of natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers on a paper machine wire.
Im Falle der Produktion eines heißsiegelfähigen Papiers werden in einer zweiten Stufe die heißsiegelfähigen, synthetischen Fasern auf der ersten Schicht abgelagert und durch einen nachfolgenden Trocknungsprozeß die synthetischen Fasern angeschmolzen, so daß sie sich mit den Naturfasern der ersten Schicht verbinden.In the case of producing a heat sealable paper in a second stage, the heat-sealable, synthetic Fibers deposited on the first layer and by a subsequent one Drying process melted the synthetic fibers, so that it deals with the natural fibers of the first layer connect.
Um das Filtermaterial im Rahmen des erfindungegemäßen
Verfahrens mit einer amphiphilen Substanz oder mit einer
hydrophoben und einer hydrophilen Substanz zu behandeln, bieten
sich während des Produktionsprozesses verschiedene
Verfahrensstufen als Zugabeort der amphiphilen oder der
hydrophoben und hydrophilen Substanzen an:
Das erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Filtermaterial läßt sich hervorragend zur Herstellung von Filtern zur wäßrigen Heiß- oder Kaltfiltration, Filterbeuteln für Getränke oder Aromen, Kochbeuteln, Filtern für medizinische Anwendungen sowie von Filtern zur Filtration von Emulsionen oder Ölen verwenden.The filter material produced according to the invention can be excellent for the production of filters for aqueous hot or Cold filtration, filter bags for drinks or flavors, Cooking bags, filters for medical applications and of Use filters to filter emulsions or oils.
Bevorzugt verwendbar ist das erfindungsgemäße Filtermaterial zur Herstellung von Teebeuteln. Gegenstand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist folglich ein aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Filtermaterial hergestellter Teebeutel.The filter material according to the invention can preferably be used for the production of tea bags. Preferred subject Embodiment of the present invention is thus one of the tea bag produced according to the filter material according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt rechts einen Teebeutel, dessen Papier nur hydrophob ausgerüstet ist und bei dem Aufguß nach oben schwimmt, wobei ein Teil des Beutels vom Wasser nicht benetzt wird.Figure 1 shows a tea bag on the right, whose paper only is equipped hydrophobically and with the infusion upwards floats, with part of the bag not wetted by the water becomes.
Der linke Teebeutel, dessen Papier zusätzlich hydrophiliert ist, befindet sich im unteren Teil des Gefäßes und wird völlig benetzt. Durch die genaue Einstellung einer amphiphilen Papiereigenschaft kann der daraus gefertigte Teebeutel dann z.B. in der Gefäßmitte gehalten werden, wo erfahrungsgemäß die Temperatur sehr hoch ist und die Infusion am schnellsten erfolgt.The left teabag, whose paper also hydrophilizes is located in the lower part of the vessel and becomes complete wetted. Through the precise setting of an amphiphilic paper property the tea bag made from it can then e.g. are held in the middle of the vessel, where experience has shown that Temperature is very high and the infusion is the fastest.
Figur 2 zeigt den Verlauf der Farbintensitätsentwicklung des Extraktes beim Aufguß eines Teebeutels als Funktion der Zeit.Figure 2 shows the course of the color intensity development of the Extract when infusing a tea bag as a function of time.
Die Kurve 1 zeigt den Verlauf der Farbentwicklung eines
Extraktes aus einem Teebeutel, der aus einem nur hydrophob
ausgerüsteten Filtermaterial gefertigt wurde. Die Kurve 2 zeigt
die Farbentwicklung eines Extraktes aus einem Teebeutel aus
einem zusätzlich hydrophilierten Filtermaterial. Deutlich ist
die schnellere Farbentwicklung (Kurve 2) innerhalb etwa 2 min.
beim zusätzlich hydrophilierten Beutel zu beobachten.
Die Entwicklung der Farbe, die zugleich Hand in Hand mit einer Geschmacksentwicklung verläuft, ist gerade innerhalb der ersten 2 min. wichtig, da die gewohnheitsmäßigen Aufbrühzeiten der Teetrinker sich mehr und mehr verkürzen.The development of color that goes hand in hand with one Flavor development is just within the first 2 min. important because the usual brewing times of the Tea drinkers are shortening themselves more and more.
Ein Teebeutel wird in einem Becherglas mit kochendem Wasser übergossen und die Flüssigkeit mit einem Magnetrührer konstant in Bewegung gehalten.A tea bag is placed in a beaker of boiling water poured over and the liquid with a magnetic stirrer constant kept moving.
Durch eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Pumpe wird der Teeaufguß durch eine Zelle in das Spektralphotometer geführt. Bei einer festgelegten Wellenlänge wird dann in der Abhängigkeit von der Zeit (X-Achse) die spektrale Absorption des Lichtes (Y-Achse) des Teeaufgusses bestimmt.The tea is infused by a continuously operating pump through a cell into the spectrophotometer. At a fixed wavelength is then dependent on the Time (X-axis) the spectral absorption of light (Y-axis) of the tea infusion.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES98105114T ES2159903T3 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Adjustable wettable filter material and manufacturing procedure |
| AT98105114T ATE202171T1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | FILTER MATERIAL WITH ADJUSTABLE WETTABILITY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT |
| EP98105114A EP0943731B1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Filter material with adjustable wettability and process for its manufacture |
| DE59800843T DE59800843D1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Filter material with adjustable wettability and process for its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98105114A EP0943731B1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Filter material with adjustable wettability and process for its manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0943731A1 true EP0943731A1 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
| EP0943731B1 EP0943731B1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
Family
ID=8231631
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98105114A Expired - Lifetime EP0943731B1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Filter material with adjustable wettability and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0943731B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE202171T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59800843D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2159903T3 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002031263A1 (en) * | 2000-10-09 | 2002-04-18 | Dynamic Products Limited | A beverage infusion package with improved freshness and reduced dusting |
| EP1215134A1 (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-06-19 | PAPCEL - PAPIER UND CELLULOSE, TECHNOLOGIE UND HANDELS-GmbH | Filter medium with improved infusion properties |
| WO2004067841A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-12 | Dynamic Products Limited | Treated fibres for making a beverage infusion package with improved freshness and a beverage infusion package made therefrom |
| US10240294B2 (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2019-03-26 | Glatfelter Gernsbach Gmbh | Crosslinking/functionalization system for a paper or non-woven web |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7517581B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2009-04-14 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Semipermeable hydrophilic membrane |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1053933A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| GB1307637A (en) * | 1970-07-28 | 1973-02-21 | Paterson Sons Ltd R | Packaging for beverages |
| EP0011968A1 (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1980-06-11 | Unilever Plc | Particulate detergent composition contained within a closed bag of sheet material |
| US4289580A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-09-15 | The Dexter Corporation | Heat seal fibrous web and method of its manufacture |
| US4713285A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-12-15 | Frederick G. Crane, Jr. | High temperature filter material |
| EP0287910A2 (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-10-26 | Jacobs Suchard GmbH | Filter, especially a coffee filter, and method for making the same |
| EP0632163A1 (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-04 | The Dexter Corporation | Process of producing porous web materials used for making infusion packages for brewing beverages and the web materials thus produced |
| US5595659A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1997-01-21 | Lydall, Inc. | Filter material for removing chlorine from cold water in preparing a human-consumable beverage |
-
1998
- 1998-03-20 AT AT98105114T patent/ATE202171T1/en active
- 1998-03-20 ES ES98105114T patent/ES2159903T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-20 EP EP98105114A patent/EP0943731B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-20 DE DE59800843T patent/DE59800843D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1053933A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| GB1307637A (en) * | 1970-07-28 | 1973-02-21 | Paterson Sons Ltd R | Packaging for beverages |
| EP0011968A1 (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1980-06-11 | Unilever Plc | Particulate detergent composition contained within a closed bag of sheet material |
| US4289580A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-09-15 | The Dexter Corporation | Heat seal fibrous web and method of its manufacture |
| US4713285A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-12-15 | Frederick G. Crane, Jr. | High temperature filter material |
| EP0287910A2 (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-10-26 | Jacobs Suchard GmbH | Filter, especially a coffee filter, and method for making the same |
| EP0632163A1 (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-04 | The Dexter Corporation | Process of producing porous web materials used for making infusion packages for brewing beverages and the web materials thus produced |
| US5595659A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1997-01-21 | Lydall, Inc. | Filter material for removing chlorine from cold water in preparing a human-consumable beverage |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002031263A1 (en) * | 2000-10-09 | 2002-04-18 | Dynamic Products Limited | A beverage infusion package with improved freshness and reduced dusting |
| EP1215134A1 (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-06-19 | PAPCEL - PAPIER UND CELLULOSE, TECHNOLOGIE UND HANDELS-GmbH | Filter medium with improved infusion properties |
| WO2004067841A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-12 | Dynamic Products Limited | Treated fibres for making a beverage infusion package with improved freshness and a beverage infusion package made therefrom |
| US10240294B2 (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2019-03-26 | Glatfelter Gernsbach Gmbh | Crosslinking/functionalization system for a paper or non-woven web |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2159903T3 (en) | 2001-10-16 |
| EP0943731B1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
| ATE202171T1 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
| DE59800843D1 (en) | 2001-07-19 |
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