EP0927796A1 - Form panel and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The sheathing plate has an outside and an inside for filling with liquid concrete. It has an upper and a lower longitudinal edge and two face edges, with parallel running channels (6) or accommodations to the face edges for insertion of a leg of a retention stirrup or connecting device. The channels or connecting device accommodation has upper and lower apertures.

Description

The invention relates to a formwork panel and a formwork system for parts of buildings to be concreted, with the in The preamble of claims 1 and 8 features specified.

Formwork for concreting work is usually made from formwork boards assembled, which are attached to struts, which in turn on already completed parts of the relevant Be attached to the building, for example with wall anchors, Threaded rods and nuts. After the casting work is finished these struts are then removed and the formwork boards knocked off the cast concrete part. Especially when pouring floor slabs, formwork is involved The appropriate security measures are often required to a considerable extent for construction workers. Is too attaching and detaching the struts and knocking them off the formwork boards are time consuming and therefore expensive and last but not least, prone to accidents. Large formwork panels are also used with dimensions of the order of 2 m wide and 3 m Height in use that can only be handled by crane and their orientation and fixation at the place of use just like you later removal is expensive. Also, their storage requires a lot of space when not in use and is therefore expensive.

A formwork element is known from CH 668 797 A5 there are several right-angled irons that are made using cross braces are interconnected, with this basic construction a plate of thermal insulation material connected is used as face formwork for a floor slab should, namely for the formation of degrees, separations or Connections of the reinforced floor slabs to be concreted opposite or with other components, preferably for connection a floor slab on a two-layer masonry or also in the support area of the floor slab on one Retaining wall, using the insulation plate as a spacer element acts to form an expansion joint. A variety of holding elements between the insulation plate and the mentioned basic construction tensile forces acting on the insulation or transmit compressive forces to the iron structure. The insulation panels are metal fiber boards or foamed Plastic insulation panels. Furthermore, a prospectus is the Dyna-Bauprodukte AG, CH 3608 Thun, a similar formwork element with a cement-bound on both sides Wooden wool blanket coated rigid polystyrene foam board known in which notches are provided for inserting brackets are. However, such insulation panels are not considered Edge formwork suitable for floor ceilings, on which further outer walls should be raised flush because they are because of their required insulation thickness the support surface of this Masonry on the floor ceiling would decrease too much, and would also crumble under the weight of this masonry. Because of the difference in material of the insulation panels and Masonry also has difficulty plastering. If you let the insulating plate protrude beyond the masonry, so you have to apply a correspondingly thick layer of plaster. Furthermore the not very stable insulation material requires one accordingly large number of support angles to the pressure of the Not give in cast concrete. Finally, the seal is on lower plate edge to the masonry problematic because of a gap of the width of the cross section of the bracket against Outflow of the concrete must be sealed.

The invention has for its object a formwork panel and a modular formwork system for concreting work create, which is not only for edge formwork of floor slabs suitable, on which the walls are flush-mounted can, but especially the training of large areas Formwork for the ceilings themselves or for entire walls including whose front formwork allows.

This object is achieved by those specified in claims 1 and 8 Features resolved. Developments of the invention are in marked the subclaims.

The formwork panels or elements, or panels for short, preformed hard plates with the plug connections, over the they are connected to the brackets anchored to the structure allow simple, time-saving and clean assembly the formwork without the panels, e.g. Shuttering boards, need to be nailed or chocked down. In this way can not only be used for slab edge formwork or for horizontal Arrangement also the slab formwork itself, but also formwork for walls including their face circuits Put together and stack formwork panels be built up, which the pressure of the cast concrete without evasion withstand and remain on the structure after casting and form smooth ends at the same time. A forehead formwork for a wall can also be covered by a U-section are formed with the invention Connectors are attached to the bracket and on whose U-leg flat formwork panels as a continuation of the Wall formwork to be applied. The similarity is also favorable the material character of the plates according to the invention and of the other building materials used for plastering. The invention Hardboards can be inexpensive and with relatively little Weight can be produced, for example from fiber concrete, brick mass (Clay plates) or enough rigid plastic materials, so that they are easy to handle and despite their only one-time use, since they remain on the building, from Price ago are cheap if you consider the reduced workload considered in their use.

In the context of the invention, the plate-shaped formwork elements in different ways so that the preferably parallel receptacles or channels for the bracket be formed. For example, there is one possibility in it, bent profiled sheets or grids into the mass of the Form sheet material so that wall or bead-like Projections with, for example, a V or U-shaped profile stick out on one side of the hardboard and with openings for Recording the legs of the bracket are provided with the help whose they are fixed in the desired position. These profiles can be bent from perforated metal strips, for example, preference is given to round holes, which insert enable the bracket in different orientations. Appropriately choose the profile of the beads so that in the bracket-like profile interior, the holding bracket also on the side can be inserted, for example, the forehead formwork Wall to form. The profiles can be used individually or as contiguous profile strips molded into the board mass be, depending on the manufacturing convenience or Pricing. Preferably one sees two profile rails per plate before the at a certain distance from the edge of the plate Protrude plate surface and parallel to these plate edges run. With larger panel heights, several profile rails can also be used be provided.

The holes of the two rails are aligned, so that the plate easily on the free leg of a L-shaped bracket can slide on. The rail with The mounting holes for the L-legs can also be made by individual angled edge areas of a sheet are formed, the protrude from the surface of the plate, while those that remain between them Edge areas of the sheet in the plate mass be embedded. The embedded sheet metal area is preferred also punched between these edges to make a better one To ensure pouring into the plate mass. Form these holes can suitably the circumferential profile of threaded sleeves can be adjusted, which later optionally cast in can be: you only need the plate material punch through the hole in question to insert the sleeve and being able to clamp

There are many options for the special design of the rails; it is important that they have receptacles for the bracket surrender. If you look at the edges embedded in the plate the profile strip does not run to the edge of the panel, you can easily get the plates to a desired one if necessary Cut the height or, after pouring a blanket, the excess Knock off part to make adjustments at the construction site.

The receptacles for the legs of the bracket can also as channels open or closed within the plate surface of the hardboards run with open channels e.g. are partially covered or bridged by bridges or only a narrow opening slot of less width than the profile width to have. The plates can also be double-walled and are continuous inside from top to bottom have parallel channels of suitable cross-sectional profile, for example Square or rectangular profile, triangular profile, T-profile, L-profile or preferably round profile to just a few name possible profile shapes. A certain clamping effect to achieve, the channels can have a slightly variable cross section have, i.e. narrow slightly in sections. In this way, a loose fit of the plates can be avoided.

The bracket can also be in different shapes be trained, depending on what type of formwork in individual cases. For example, they can can be bent or assembled from profile bars. For one Slab edge formwork is suitable e.g. L-shaped bracket, one leg being horizontal and e.g. in more usual Way is nailed to the ceiling formwork during the other legs are perpendicular and when the plates of be pushed on top, in their recordings, until the plate, in the case of double-shell plates, the outer one, sits at the bottom and results in a tight seal for the cast concrete. Should a wall can be cast, the bracket can be U-shaped be formed, wherein the U-legs protrude upwards and the connecting leg is attached to the substrate. This Attachment can be made just like in the previous example using standard spacers, for example also molded onto the leg in question could be. More forms of bracket for different Use cases are e.g. an H shape, H shape, T shape. The H-shape is suitable e.g. in the modular system according to the invention for attaching further plates to lower plates if a wall should be higher than a board height. For this Under certain circumstances, simple rods or rods can also fall suffice, which are inserted into the lower plates and onto the further plates can be pushed on. In this way completely form a free-standing wall, the End faces by vertically placed plates, their bracket angles inserted in the profile rails of the other panels can be connected. For the front formwork the wall can also have vertical U-shaped formwork elements use which form the end of the wall and to the flat plate elements are attached. Because of the smooth This eliminates the surface of the hard disks according to the invention Plastering the wall or simplified because of the material relationship.

The legs of the bracket to be attached to the base are provided with the usual nail holes that are formed on Spacers also enforce these. An additional Nail hole near the vertex allows an improved one Fixing the bracket and thus the plate when pouring cantilevered balcony floors to ensure a safe To guarantee closure at the bottom edge. You can see in the upper one Area of the free L-leg a transverse nail hole or several in different heights to compensate for tolerances before, you can use an attached formwork panel one inserted through this leg above its receptacle Secure the nail additionally. The bracket can conveniently for strength and cost reasons from iron profiles getting produced. U-profiles are particularly suitable, whereby the part to be nailed with the open profile side down points and the nail holes in the connection area between the U-legs of the profile are provided. The U-profile is at least in the thighs entering the plates matched to the cross-section of the recordings, i.e. rectangular ones The width and height of the U correspond to the edge lengths of the rectangle, in the case of round recordings, the diameter chosen so that the leg profile fits straight into it.

In order to obtain a sufficiently tight seal at the lower end of the formwork panels according to the invention, in the case of double-walled panels, the inner wall can end a bit in front of the outer wall in order to expose the channels at least by the height of the legs of the mounting bracket including spacers, so that outer wall extends down to sit on the underlying part of the building. In this area, the channel walls can also be dispensed with. Instead of continuous channels closed with double-walled panels and open with single-walled panels, eyelet-like mounts are also conceivable, with at least two eyelets being aligned with one another such that a mounting bracket runs through them. The eyelets can be formed by cast-in metal profile parts or by integrally molded plate parts with corresponding openings, so that they can be pushed onto the free legs of the bracket to form a lost formwork.
The panels can be produced in suitable sizes, according to a desired grid dimension, so that they can be put together and on top of each other to form a complete formwork. It is also possible to provide corner elements made of two plates which are firmly connected at right angles to one another or are one-piece plates of the design according to the invention, to which flat plates then adjoin on both sides. According to the invention, the plates can also be curved, for example in the form of a circular arc, in order to be able to cast round parts, such as columns. Seals can be provided to connect abutting plates, or the plates can be provided with an engaging profile or counter-profile on opposite edges so that they can be joined together by mutual engagement. In this way, a smooth finish of the visible outside of the formwork can be achieved, which can also be designed as a decorative surface.

Within the scope of the invention there is also the possibility of plates to form for slab edge formwork as angle plates and a Holding plate in the form of an L-shaped plate extension below to be provided, which is attached directly to the base instead of this - about L-shaped mounting brackets to use. This is an advantage if the part to be poured through a plain bearing is to be separated from its base: In In this case, one can be found in the underside of the holding plate Provide a longitudinal recess to accommodate the plain bearing. Can not these holding plates directly on the Nail the pad, so there is an appropriate embodiment in providing engaging elements on the top of the holding plate, the one with the bracket then attacking there work together. So you can, for example, on the top of the holding plate form longitudinal grooves into which the Bracket in the form of fastening strips with retaining lugs intervene and fix these angle plates securely.

For concreting walls, it may be necessary to arrange formwork panels vertically one above the other in order to achieve the required wall height, and this can be accomplished very easily with the modular system according to the invention, as already indicated above, by using H-shaped mounting brackets with the side legs the H from above into the receptacles of the lower plates and the next plate is placed on top, so that the protruding parts of the side legs get into the receptacles of the upper plate. The length of the crossbar of the H then determines the thickness of the wall. In between, you can also use straight bars from the height of the wall. If the wall is to receive an internal reinforcement, an initially T-shaped bracket can be used instead of an H-shaped bracket, which is inserted with its middle leg through the openings of the reinforcement and inserted into one of the receptacles of the opposite one with the end of the middle leg Plate protrudes. A transverse bore provided at this end in the middle leg allows a fixing leg corresponding to the second side leg of an H to be pushed into the receptacles of the lower plate, while the next plate can then be placed on the upper part of this side leg. If desired, the mounting brackets can also be provided with openings or openings at other points if this appears appropriate in individual cases, for example in order to be able to attach anchoring parts. Expediently, individual legs of the mounting bracket can also be connected to one another in an articulated manner; an example of this would be the connection of the middle leg of a T-shaped mounting bracket to its cross arm. This gives you even greater freedom when assembling the plate elements, for example if angles other than right angles are required. Such a joint can also be designed to be lockable, for example with the aid of a clamping screw, so that the desired angle can be fixed.
As an alternative to the T-shaped bracket, an H-shaped bracket can be used. Its short leg can be passed through reinforcement elements and inserted on the slabs that are stacked one behind the other.

Another way of training the bracket consists of bending individual legs back in a U-shape in order to the possibilities of intervention in the recordings of the invention Enlarge plates. For example, one leg of an L-shaped Bracket U-shaped bent back parallel to itself to be hook-like with this bent-back part intervene in a receptacle of a formwork panel from above, if this shot is not accessible from below, such as in Case of a formwork panel with a retaining plate protruding below, that cannot be nailed directly to their base or no recesses for engaging retaining lugs Fastening strip.

Greater freedom of movement with regard to the arrangement of the bracket you also get if you have the channels in the formwork panels forms round, so that the bracket opposite the Plate can take different angles, the profile of the picked up leg does not have to be round, but with Edges or surfaces on the round profile of the receptacle, and has a firm hold in it.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Plates where the openings of the channels are at a distance the long edges. This version enables a universal Using the plates and inserting the two in parallel Brackets connecting lying plates when on several sheets are already stacked on one side and connected to one another by connecting rods or pipes are. The connecting rods can be a few centimeters long be or extend over several plates. Preferably is the part of the connecting rods protruding into the channels made of plastic and with a roughened or grooved Provide surface after pushing into the Channels to ensure a play-free connection.

The strength of the panels and especially their flatness to ensure are a short distance from the surfaces reinforcement grid inserted, the main one Reinforcement runs in the longitudinal direction. The dimensional stability is further increased by a completely symmetrical arrangement of the Channels between the plate surfaces, i.e. the wall thicknesses between the channels and the plate surfaces are exact equal. The channels are preferably at very small intervals to each other. In a particularly advantageous embodiment the distances between the channels correspond to a channel diameter and the wall thickness between the channels to the Plate surfaces approximately the radius of the channels. As a reinforcement and reinforcement material are preferably glass fiber, Aramid fiber or steel nets inserted.

Can on the plates offset with the bracket railing supports can be put on without tools and after completion the ceiling or wall - again without tools - removed become. The railing brackets are attached with clamping screws attached to the plates, with the clamping screws either through recesses provided in the end faces of the plates and anchored to anchor plates on the back become. The anchor plates have a lead through the bore Sleeve on which the thread of the clamping screw protects against dirt from the concrete and also flows out prevented by concrete. The railing girders can each after execution both in the plane between two plates, in placed in the middle of panels and at the corner joints become. They serve at the junctures of the plates and at the corner joints of the panels as temporary templates the two colliding plates in the desired one Hold position until the backfilled concrete has hardened.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht für eine Deckenrandschalung unter Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsplatte;

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsplatte von der Betonierseite her gesehen;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Draufsicht eines Ausschnitts einer Eckschalung für eine Decke;

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht von oben auf eine Rundschalungsplatte;

Fig. 5

ein Beispiel für die Schalung einer quadratischen Säule unter Verwendung erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeter Winkelschalungsplatten;

Fig. 6a, 6b und 6c

Ansichten von Halterungsbügeln, wie sie für das in Fig. 5 veranschaulichte Ausführungsbeispiel verwendet werden können,

Fig. 7

verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele von Seitenprofilen zum Zusammenfügen benachbarter Schalungsplatten;

Fig. 8a, 8b und 8c

eine Obenansicht, eine Ansicht von innen und eine Seitenansicht einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsplatte mit offenen Kanälen;

Fig. 9

eine Schalungsplatte mit angeformter Halteplatte zur Befestigung an der Deckenschalung mit Hilfe eines die Haltungsplatte fixierenden Halterungsbügels;

Fig. 10

eine weitere Variante einer Schalungsplatte mit angeformter Halteplatte und speziell geformtem Halterungsbügels, der von oben in die Kanäle der Schalungsplatte eingreift;

Fig. 11

ein weiteres Beispiel zur Befestigung einer Schalungsplatte mit angeformter Halteplatte;

Fig. 12

einige Beispiele verschiedener Kanalquerschnitte offener Kanäle;

Fig. 13

ein Schalungsbeispiel für eine mit Bewehrung versehene Mauer;

Fig. 14

ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen aus U-Profil gebildeten Halterungsbügels;

Fig. 15

einen Verbindungssteg mit gelenkiger Verbindung zwischen den Schenkeln eines Halterungsbügels;

Fig. 16

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsplatte unter Verwendung eines gestanzten und gebogenen Blechstreifens zur Bildung der Ausnehmungen;

Fig. 17

einen Querschnitt durch den Blechstreifen;

Fig. 18

ein Beispiel für die Anbringung eines Geländerwinkels;

Fig. 19

eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht des Geländerwinkels;

Fig. 20

eine Zusammenfassung von Montagebeispielen gemäß weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung;

Fig. 21

eine Schalungsplatte mit einer kreuzweisen Anordnung von Aufnahmestreifen für die Halterungsbügel;

Fig. 22

einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der die Aufnahmen der Steckverbindungen an den Halterungsbügeln und die Steckzapfen an den Platten vorgesehen sind.

Fig. 23

eine Schalungsplatte mit aufgesetztem Geländerträger und Geländerpfosten,

Fig. 24

eine Aufsicht auf winkelig versetzte Schalungsplatten als verlorene Deckenrandschalung oder als Mauer,

Fig. 24a

einen Ankerteil für einen Eck-Geländerträger,

Fig. 25

eine Schalungsplatte mit aufgesetztem Geländerträger und Geländer,

Fig. 26

einen Querschnitt durch eine im Aufbau befindliche Schalung für eine umlaufende Mauer an einem Flachdach,

Fig. 26a

einen h-förmigen Halterungsbügel,

Fig. 27

eine weitere Ausgestaltung für einen Querschnitt durch eine im Aufbau befindliche Schalung für eine umlaufende Mauer an einem Flachdach,

Fig. 27a

einen H-förmigen Halterungsbügel,

Fig. 28

einen Querschnitt durch die verlorene Schalung für eine freistehende Mauer,

Fig. 29

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer im Aufbau begriffenen abgewinkelten Stützmauer oder Dachumrandung,

Fig. 30

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Schalungsplatte gemäss Figur 2 mit beidseitigem Absatz,

Fig. 31a

eine Seitenansicht eines Distanzhalters,

Fig. 31b

einen Grundriss des Distanzhalters in Figur 31a,

Fig. 32a

eine Seitenansicht eines Verbindungsstabes,

Fig. 32b

einen Querschnitt durch den Verbindungsstab in Figur 32a,

Fig. 33a

eine Seitenansicht eines Ankerteils und

Fig. 33b

eine Aufsicht auf den Ankerteil in Figur 33a.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with the aid of illustrations of some exemplary embodiments, which only show a part of the possibilities which the system according to the invention offers. It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view for a ceiling edge formwork using a formwork panel according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a view of a formwork panel according to the invention seen from the concreting side;

Fig. 3

is a schematic plan view of a section of a corner formwork for a ceiling;

Fig. 4

a top view of a circular formwork panel;

Fig. 5

an example of the formwork of a square column using angle formwork panels designed according to the invention;

6a, 6b and 6c

Views of mounting brackets, such as can be used for the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5,

Fig. 7

different embodiments of side profiles for joining adjacent formwork panels;

8a, 8b and 8c

a top view, a view from the inside and a side view of a modified embodiment of the formwork panel according to the invention with open channels;

Fig. 9

a formwork panel with molded retaining plate for attachment to the slab formwork with the aid of a bracket bracket fixing the retaining plate;

Fig. 10

a further variant of a formwork panel with a molded-on holding plate and a specially shaped mounting bracket which engages from above in the channels of the formwork panel;

Fig. 11

another example for fastening a formwork panel with a molded retaining plate;

Fig. 12

some examples of different channel cross-sections of open channels;

Fig. 13

a formwork example for a wall with reinforcement;

Fig. 14

an embodiment of a bracket formed from a U-profile;

Fig. 15

a connecting web with an articulated connection between the legs of a bracket;

Fig. 16

a further embodiment of a formwork panel according to the invention using a stamped and bent sheet metal strip to form the recesses;

Fig. 17

a cross section through the sheet metal strip;

Fig. 18

an example of attaching a railing bracket;

Fig. 19

a schematic perspective view of the railing angle;

Fig. 20

a summary of assembly examples according to further embodiments of the invention;

Fig. 21

a formwork panel with a crosswise arrangement of receiving strips for the bracket;

Fig. 22

a schematic cross section through an embodiment of the invention, in which the receptacles of the plug connections on the mounting brackets and the plug pins are provided on the plates.

Fig. 23

a formwork panel with a railing support and railing posts,

Fig. 24

a supervision of angled formwork panels as lost ceiling edge formwork or as a wall,

Fig. 24a

an anchor part for a corner railing girder,

Fig. 25

a formwork panel with attached railing girder and railing,

Fig. 26

a cross section through a formwork under construction for a surrounding wall on a flat roof,

Fig. 26a

an H-shaped bracket,

Fig. 27

a further embodiment for a cross section through a formwork under construction for a surrounding wall on a flat roof,

Fig. 27a

an H-shaped bracket,

Fig. 28

a cross section through the lost formwork for a free-standing wall,

Fig. 29

1 shows a perspective representation of an angled retaining wall or roof border which is being built up,

Fig. 30

3 shows a perspective view of the formwork panel according to FIG. 2 with a shoulder on both sides,

Fig. 31a

a side view of a spacer,

Figure 31b

a plan view of the spacer in Figure 31a,

32a

a side view of a connecting rod,

Figure 32b

3 shows a cross section through the connecting rod in FIG. 32a,

Fig. 33a

a side view of an anchor part and

Fig. 33b

a view of the anchor part in Figure 33a.

In Fig. 1 you can see a formwork element in the form of a plate 2, here with the help of a bracket 4 as slab edge formwork is vertically mounted on the edge of a building. The Plate 2 is double-walled and vertical running channels 6 which are used as recordings for vertical Leg 8 formed here as an L-shaped angle Bracket 4 serve. The bracket 4 are about usual Spacer 10 (see. Fig. 31a, 31b) with nails 12 on the Ceiling formwork 14 nailed. Although the horizontal leg the bracket 4 itself at a distance from the slab formwork 14 is located, the plate 2 sits on the outer wall 16, as is still explained, and forms a tight seal with this, so that no concrete escapes when concreting the ceiling. If desired, a plain bearing can be provided, as in Connection with Fig. 9 will be explained. The plate 2 has expediently a rough one on the inside or wall 18 Surface so that the ceiling concrete adheres well here. On the Outside or wall 20, however, its surface is smooth and can serve as a visible surface. If a plaster is to be applied, so this outer surface can of course also be rough, so the plaster adheres better.

Fig. 2 shows the plate 2 from the roughened inner side. As can also be seen in FIG. 1, the inner wall 18 of the plate, as I said, not pulled down like its outer wall 20, so that the channels 6 are exposed below so far that the bracket 4 can be inserted with its outer leg, as illustrated in FIG. 1, and the plate with its Outside wall 20 sits on the outer wall 16 of the building.

If you want to provide external insulation for a slab formwork, so you attach bracket 4 to the formwork 14, that its vertical leg 8 compared to the representation in Fig. 1 is set back so far inwards that when attached Formwork panel 2 outside space for an insulating panel remains and this is easily applied and - about Glue - can be attached.

3 shows an arrangement of the formwork panels 2 on a building corner. Here is an angular one Plate 2a used on the corner, which is on both sides just connect plates 2, which - as in connection with Fig. 1 described - via L-shaped bracket 4 on the Ceiling formwork 14 are attached. The bracket 4 for the Angle plate 2a are crossed by two L-shaped brackets formed in one piece, so that a cross frame arises, like this Figure 3 illustrates. The angle plate 2a can be the same Way with their channels 6 on the vertical legs 8th Put on the bracket 4 until it is with its lower edge sits on the outer wall 16, as is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for straight plates 2 is described. An execution as Round plate 2b is shown in FIG. 4 for the case of a 90 ° bend, for example for a round column. Of course, others can too Angles can be chosen in individual cases, and the rounding does not have to necessarily be circular, but can for example also oval or curved in another way.

Figure 6c illustrates for a variant with round channels 6a, as it also shows Fig. 5, bracket 4 with round vertical Legs 8a, so that the bracket 4 also obliquely to Surface of the plate 2 can run, which for reasons of space can sometimes be useful. However, it is not for this required that the legs 8a are also round, but they can have any shape in the round channels 6a is performed safely. So the cross section of the legs 8a also be square, as shown in FIG. 3, when the Diameter of the round channels 6a as large as the diagonal of the Square. An embodiment for a square Column formwork with round channels 6a in the formwork panels 2 can be found in Fig. 5. The angle plates 2a used here extend at their ends with inclined surfaces 9, so that two Angle plates 2a brought together to form a square formwork can be.

The bracket is here as a cross bracket 4a with four vertical Legs 8a formed, as shown in Figures 6a to 6c, so that each angle plate 2a is supported on two channels 6a is. Of course you can also the bracket 4 Execute six arms and then each angle plate 2a with three vertical legs 8a. In the same way round formwork panels 2 according to FIG. 4 with such cross or Hold star-shaped bracket 4, the arches of the curved formwork panels, for example, also extend over 180 ° can, so that the formwork from two instead of four 90 ° bends can be assembled. The cruciform bracket 4b is shown in a side view in FIG. 6a, wherein in addition to the middle nail 12 visible in FIG. 6a, there are others Nails in the star-shaped legs and spacers 10 are illustrated. For connecting the next higher boards when placed on the lowest plates, intermediate brackets are used, an embodiment of which for the example just described is illustrated in Fig. 6b. With such a The intermediate leg 4b is followed by its vertical legs 8a away from below so that they can be inserted into the already installed formwork panels 2 can be used instead of like the bottom one Bracket to be attached to the ceiling formwork 14. The second row of formwork panels 2 can then in the way described above on the vertical legs Put on 8b. 6c schematically shows a top view of the Bracket according to FIGS. 6a and 6b.

The formwork panels 2 can not only be in different shapes, but also made with different dimensions as it is for the respective application from the point of view the manageability is appropriate. Usually formwork is assembled from individual panels 2, the arranged side by side and one above the other according to a modular system become. For sealing the side butt joints side by side located plates 2 against leakage of concrete can the side panel edges with suitable profiles and Counter profiles are formed which interlock. Some examples of this are illustrated in FIG. 7, wherein numerous other variants are possible. In this figure are also different cross sections for the channels 6 for the sake of example cited.

The formwork panels 2 are in this figure for the sake of illustration only in a very short length - with only two channels 6 - drawn to accommodate a number of profile variations in the figure. A joint 24 is shown at the top left two plates 2 immediately joined together with good dimensional accuracy are so that the butt joint is inherently tight, so as is the case with the lower edges of the plates 2. If this is not sufficient in practice, you can use the Butt joint a seal 26 between the two neighboring Insert plates 2.

A mutual profile intervention with profile and counter profile is illustrated as dovetail profile 28. Furthermore, a Semicircular profile 30 and a rectangular profile 32 shown. variants of the dovetail principle are as a circular profile 34, rectangular Profile 36 and half dovetail profile 38 shown. The angle profile 40 represents a simpler profile. It is obvious that countless profile shapes within the Invention the desired sealing purpose by mutual Fulfill the intervention without being illustrated here in detail become.

The channels 6, which run through the plates 2, can also as well as the legs 8 of the bracket bracket very different be shaped to the desired mounting of the formwork panels 2 to effect. In addition to the square ones already mentioned and round cross sections of channels 6 and 6a are shown in FIG. 7 a triangular cross section 6b and an angular or L cross section 6c, with numerous other cross-sectional shapes are possible within the scope of the invention. The vertical Legs 8 of the bracket 4 do not necessarily have to be said the same cross-sectional shape as the channels 6 For example, they can have a triangular channel cross section be round according to an inscribed circle or angular or U-shaped, being located on the triangular edges support the channel profile. The bracket 4 can also be formed from sheet metal profiles, for example from angle or U profiles, the individual legs then be bent or welded together in a suitable manner. An example of this will be explained later with reference to FIG. 14.

Just as numerous variants of the channel profiles come into question, the channels do not necessarily have to be closed Channels run inside the plates 2. The figures 8a, b and c illustrate an open arrangement Channels 42 in the form of groove-like depressions in the formwork panel 2nd

So that the vertical legs 8 of the bracket 4 in this Channels are held, the channels are with bridging bars 44 provided, which together with the channel grooves the recordings form for the legs 8 of the bracket. Here too the images do not need a square cross-section to have, as shown, but the cross-sectional shapes the channels thus formed can be as long as they are perform their task of receiving the bracket 4.

So that the legs of the bracket 4 reasonably firmly in their recordings or channels 6 sit, you can see their cross section change something along its length, so that a Clamping effect for the legs 8 recorded by them results. The channels 6 can become too small towards their center taper to clamp the vertical legs 8. It understands themselves that such a rejuvenation is only relatively weak May, so that the formwork panel 2 fully on the Leg 8 can be pushed until it with its lower End on the wall or on a plate underneath it sits or vice versa the leg 8 in the channel 6 completely can be pushed in if e.g. the bracket 4 be pre-assembled with the plates 2. In a variant for a firm seat of the formwork panel 2 on the bracket 4 the vertical leg 8 of the bracket 4 with lateral Barbs should be formed slightly over its outer surface protrude and in corresponding recesses in hook the channel wall. Such fixation options as well as with the help of a nail 130 in a transverse hole 72b of the Brackets allow pre-assembly of the bracket 4 in the plates 2, so that the latter is precisely aligned with the outer wall can be and only then the bracket 4 the slab formwork is nailed down or in any other suitable way be attached. Assemble the bracket 4 first and only then pushes the formwork panels 2 to their vertical Thigh, then an assembly jig would be useful so that Afterwards, plates 2 really sit exactly.

Fig. 9 shows a formwork panel 2 with a molded at right angles Holding plate 50 on the outer wall 16 and the Ceiling formwork 14 sits and a receiving groove 52 for below has a plain bearing 54 which between the ceiling to be cast and the outer wall 16 supporting this. The attachment on the ceiling formwork 14 is carried out with the aid of a cranked bracket 4c, which engages in two grooves 56 with two lugs 58, which are formed in the top of the holding plate 50 are. The step height of the crank 60 is with regard to the Dimension the thickness of the holding plate 50 so that the mounting bracket with its right part in the figure with the interposition of spacers not shown here on the ceiling formwork 14 can be nailed. Likewise, the mutual Distance of the lugs 58 and their distance from the offset 60 in accordance with the corresponding spacing of the grooves 56 and the edge of the holding plate 50 dimensioned. The plate 2 is again provided with channels 6 in the manner already explained, in which further bracket for a continuation the formwork can be used upwards.

Fig. 10 shows a further attachment option with a a holding plate 50 provided formwork plate 2, in which the top of the holding plate 50 has no grooves. Instead is attached with a specially shaped Bracket 4d, which has a U-shaped angled end 62 engages from above in a channel 6 and shown in Embodiment according to the contour of plate 2 and Holding plate 50 runs and also like that with reference to FIG. 9 illustrated bracket 4c over a crank 60 for Ceiling formwork 14 runs. However, it is not essential required that the legs 64 and 66 under a right Angle in the manner shown according to the plate shape run, but they could also be through a single, diagonal extending leg 68 to be replaced as in the Figure is indicated by dashed lines. Because these legs anyway their course is not critical. Just as little it is necessary for the inner wall 18 of the plate 2 to be at the top is reset to expose channels 6 as it is for recording of the transverse leg 70 of the connecting web 4d is provided here is, but the inner wall 18 can also up to the top edge the plate 2 run, as is the case in Fig. 9, so that the crossbar 70 runs over the top edge of the plate, if this does not bother you, for example in the event that another is scheduled Formwork panel, the inner wall 18 of which is then reset below is, as can be seen from Fig. 1. Because enough channels 6 are present, the connection of such a top attached plate with the help of other free channels 6 respectively.

Another mounting option one with an angled Holding plate 50 provided formwork plate 2 is in Fig. 11 illustrates. Here is the holding plate 50 of nail holes 72 interspersed, through which she immediately with nails 12 can be nailed to the ceiling formwork 14.

12 illustrates a formwork panel 2, in which some cross-sectional shapes of open channels are shown by way of example. A triangular channel 76 is illustrated on the left, which is open at the tip of the triangle to the inner wall 18 of the plate. A rectangular channel 78 is shown in the middle, which is open on the long side of the rectangle, and an L-shaped channel 80 is shown on the right, which is open in the extension of an L-leg. Such open channels, which extend with a slot 82 to the surface of the inner wall 18, result in a further freedom of movement in the design of the mounting bracket 4, which is then not on the top or bottom of the plate 2, but with a part narrower in accordance with the slot width on one can step out of plate 2 at any point. Furthermore, the shape of the plates during their manufacture is simpler if the mold cores forming the channels can be held in the mold not over their ends but over their entire length.
13 shows an example of wall formwork with reinforcement of the wall, specifically at a connection point of formwork panels 2 superimposed in a modular system. One can see an overall T-shaped mounting bracket 4e which sits with its T-leg 86 in the lower or upper panel 2 and protrudes with its middle leg through the reinforcement bars 84 to the opposite formwork panels 2 and in the area of the channels 6 there has a transverse hole 88 through which a profile bar 90 corresponding to the T-leg 86 can be inserted and, for example, by a slight clamp fit or stop on slipping through is prevented in the lower plate, so that the upper plate 6 can be placed. In this way, the bracket 4e can be inserted through the reinforcement and only then add to the H-shape, which would not be possible if you wanted to use a one-piece H-shaped bracket. It is also possible to provide cross holes for inserting profile bars at other points of differently shaped mounting brackets, if this makes assembly easier in individual cases.

A practicable design of a bracket 4 is shown in FIG. 14 using the example of an L-shaped bracket. Here it consists of U-shaped bars with one in the illustrated embodiment round U, which can, however, just as well be angular. One notices without further ado that such a U-profile, depending on the dimensioning of the Height and width of the U adapted to numerous channel profiles can be that it is sufficiently tight in channel 6. The two Legs of this L are either beveled at one end and welded together, or they can also, as shown, through Bending an initially elongated U-profile, if necessary with heating arise. Furthermore, at least the leg with nail holes 72 provided, e.g. via spacer 10 to a ceiling formwork to be nailed. Another nail hole 72a near the vertex of the L allows an additional Fixing the bracket 4 close to that on its vertical Leg 8 formwork panel 2 when concreting of a balcony, the base plate of which is not on the outside of a wall sits on. This allows gaps to form on the edge formwork prevent. One or more nail holes 72b in the vertical Legs allow the plate 2 to be fixed to the mounting bracket 4 using a nail 130 for both pre-assembly as well as for a firm hold when concreting (Fig. 20).

In addition to the L profile, other profile shapes are also possible, for example Trapezoidal or triangular, semicircular or oval profiles, cross-shaped cross-sections etc., as it is for the Manufacturing is most convenient.

A variant of a mounting bracket 4 is also shown in FIG. 15 illustrates in which the profile bars - in the illustrated Example of a T-shaped bracket 4 - via a joint 92 are connected to each other so that one does not have to be specific Angle between the profile bars is fixed, but each can set suitable angles according to the circumstances, if this is required or desired. It is understood that Fig. 15 just one embodiment from a variety of options illustrates that realized within the scope of the invention can be. For example, an H-shaped bracket be provided with two joints. The hinge 92 can, if desired detectable trained, without this is illustrated here in detail. Adequate too Stiffness can suffice in practice.

Another embodiment of the formwork panel according to the invention 2 is illustrated in FIG. 16, in which a die cut and bent sheet metal strip 94 in the formwork panel 2 is cast in and the receptacles or channels for the bracket 4 formed by cut-out recesses 96 that arise when the edges are bent into edge legs 100, with tabs 98 remaining. These tabs 98 as well Holes 102, 104 serve to anchor the metal strip when Pour into plate 2, holes 102 if desired, as illustrated on the left for holes 103, with a Contour can be formed so that they accept threaded dowels can later be used to attach a scaffold can.

Figure 17, which shows the sheet metal strip 94 in profile, the Holes 102 and 104 are indicated, illustrates a possible use the holes 104 for receiving a tube 106, e.g. a plastic pipe, which when concreting a ceiling is poured in, and then inserting a rod allowed for a railing. 17 is such a handrail 108 in h-shape indicated by dash-dotted lines, with a continuous posts 110 past the outside of the plate 2 and protrudes into the tube 106 with an angle leg 112. The banister 108 is securely fixed in this way and gives one good hold and can be easily pulled out after use be removed from the tube 106 again. Another Attachment possibility for a railing is illustrated in Fig. 18. A railing bracket 114 is used there, which here has the shape of an L with an extension 116 on the short leg, with which he the lower edge leg 100 of the metal strip 94 embraces. The railing bracket engages with angled tabs 115 into the openings or recesses of the edge leg 100 18 as shown in FIG. The tabs can e.g. under education an opening 117 are cut out, through which then approximately a railing strut 112 can be inserted. You can see it underneath a further opening 119, a bracket can also be used 4 protrude from below through both openings. The railing angle 114 runs around the bottom of the plate 2 and projects with his 1 longer leg 118 out of the masonry. In this outstanding Part is in the example shown here a slot 120 for inserting a wedge-shaped nose, with which is a railing support, not shown here fixed in slot 120. However, the leg 118 also with other connecting elements for a railing support be provided. A suitably provided predetermined breaking point X allows the protruding from the masonry to break away Part of the leg 118 when it is no longer needed becomes.

The metal strips 94 also allow assembly without further ado of formwork panels at an angle, then corresponding Elbow pieces made of sheet metal or flat iron on the edge legs 100 of the metal strips 94 attached, e.g. screwed or can be welded so that the plates 2 a desired Form angles with each other and as prepared contra-angles can be used for building corners.

17 is the height h between the lower edge leg 100 and the end of the plate 2, this being Measure by the height of the legs of the bracket 4, with which this is nailed to the ceiling formwork 14, and the Height of the spacer 10 is given, that is at least the height of the exposed part of the channels 6 according to FIGS. 2 and 30 corresponds so that the plate 2 on the one below Masonry sits on. The corresponding height between the top Edge leg 100 and the upper end of the plate 2 is in principle not critical, but it will be useful, too Choose height equal to h, so that when mounting the panels 2 not for differences between upper 7 or lower edge 3 the plate 2 must pay attention.

Figure 20 shows a combination of a number of Possibility of connecting formwork panels 2 and mounting brackets 4. The formwork panels 2 are parallel to theirs here Edges 3.7 extending rails 122 provided in the illustrated Embodiment a V-like profile with from have profile leg ends 126 projecting from the center of the profile, with which they are embedded in the formwork panels 2. For These profile leg ends are better anchoring in plate 2 provided with openings 124 which e.g. also for recording of threaded dowels can be formed as it is for holes 103 is illustrated in FIG. 16. At the rear Plate in Fig. 20 is the possibility in dashed lines the formation of the profiled sheet indicated as a part, and in this case holes 103 may e.g. in prepared Form are provided, which, if necessary, for inserting threaded anchors be knocked out. The formwork panel 2 outstanding profile parts of the rails 122 are shown in the Embodiment approximately V-shaped, but can also be U-shaped or formed with another suitable profile be so that recesses 128 featured in their profile legs can be seen cursing each other around a thigh 8 to be able to accommodate the bracket 4.

The profile parts protruding from the plate 2 can, if desired also be just strips, similar to that shown in Fig. 16 is illustrated instead of being bent back at an edge and to be anchored on both sides in the plate material. An example FIG. 21 illustrates where in plate 2 Strips 132a, b are embedded, in which the recesses 128 are provided. The horizontal strips 132a are here with stripes 132b perpendicular to it arranged in a lattice shape and not only allow the use of brackets from above and below, but also from the sides, so that the Possibilities of assembly and use of the formwork panels 2 still to be expanded. The strip grid can e.g. by plugging them together of the individual, each slit transversely Strips are prefabricated and then when pouring the plate 2 be molded.

Various designs are within the scope of the invention possible. It is important that the formwork panels 2 in any Leave combinations on the bracket 4 and through this in the desired position for concreting be held. The recesses 128 are preferred round holes 6, in which the legs 8 of the bracket 4 with so Little play can be added as is for exact positioning the formwork panels 2 is required. Circular Recesses 128 also allow orientations other than right angles the bracket 4 to the formwork panels 2. It may also be sufficient, only 2 per formwork panel to provide a rail 122 or strip that then preferably runs in the middle, but results in two or more rails or strips a more precise positioning and Fixing the formwork panels 2.

In Fig. 20 only one bracket 4 is illustrated, which with nails 12 using not shown here Spacers 10 attached to a ceiling formwork 14 is. With the help of a relatively close to the apex of the L-shaped Bracket 4 provided nail hole 72a can be an additional fixation of the bracket 4 close to the Provide formwork panel 2, such as when concreting balcony slabs is desirable to prevent gaps at the bottom edge to prevent the formwork panel 2.

Furthermore, fixing nails 130 are illustrated in the figure, which nail holes 72b in the leg 8 of the bracket enforce on which the formwork panels 2 with their Rails or channels can be attached. Secure the fixing nails these connectors in addition to the formwork panels 2 cannot be lifted when concreting. Such Securing can also be done by structuring the edges 5, for example in the form of sawtooth-like serrations as in the left edge or crenellated projections and recesses, such as the right edge of the leg 8 of the rear bracket 4 is indicated. Other edge designs are also used as a fixing structure as possible as snapping, clickable or screwable locks provided they have the legs in the receptacles hold firmly or positively. 20 is also an H-shaped bracket 46 drawn by the opposite side as the bracket 4 in the Recesses 128 is inserted and a further placement Formwork panels 2 allowed on the lower formwork panels 2, as it is for example to form a wall of greater height than only one formwork panel 2 is necessary. The one above second level of formwork panels 2 is indicated in Figure 20. 13 is the corresponding case for formwork panels 2 shown as described with reference to FIG. 1.

The modular system according to the invention also allows attachment the front formwork of a wall. For this purpose is a L-shaped bracket 4e with one leg in the interior the profile of the rails 122 inserted, as this figure 20 shows, and the other leg passes through the recesses 128 in the profile of rails 122 one of the forehead formwork Wall forming vertical formwork panel 2, for reasons However, the clarity is not shown in the figure is. To fix the L-leg from slipping out the profile can be secured with a cross-inserted nail 130 are provided. It is recommended to use the vertical face formwork panel to be fixed on both sides of the wall, by the bracket 4 alternately from the right and on the left into the recesses of their profile rails and the free legs of this bracket in the profile cavity the rails of both side formwork of the wall anchored. For a thicker wall can also be several vertical face formwork panels side by side and over into their recesses or channels 6, 128 inserted bracket 4 to each other attach as stacked above for tiered Formwork panels described according to the modular system is.

So that between the horizontal formwork panels 2 on the sides of the wall and the vertical plate on the front no Gap remains, you can see the rails 122 of the horizontal Shorten plate 2 a little with a cutting disc To make room for the bracket 4e. Used for the front is a U-shaped formwork element, so on the side U-legs directly flat formwork panels 2 as with wall formwork.

In the case of ceiling edge formwork for ceilings of different thicknesses to get by with as few different plate heights as possible it is appropriate to at least one of the rails or strips Do not place the panel side too close to the edge of the panel to be able to cut a piece off the edge for a thinner blanket. A notch or groove can be used as a marking at the separation point provide for cutting or, if necessary, knocking off, with a 25 cm high plate e.g. 5 cm from the edge would, in order to be able to form a ceiling of 20 cm without to have an own plate size in stock.

Fig. 22 illustrates a variant of the invention in which embedded in the plate 2 here U-shaped bracket 134 are with their outside of the plate 2 Leg 136 by two on the leg 8 of the bracket 4 attached eyelets 138 is inserted and in this way on the bracket 4 are fixed, in the manner described above - with the help of spacers 10 and nails 5 - attached to the slab formwork is. A dashed line is a variant in which the leg 8 of the bracket 4 with a continuous Channel 140 is formed, in which in this case with 136a designated legs of the bracket 134 are inserted can, with a fixation of those explained with reference to FIG. 20 Art through appropriate structuring of the surface or edges of the leg 136 can be provided. The leg 8 of the Bracket 4 can be, for example, tubular with a continuous channel 140 may be formed so that one leg 136 can be inserted from both sides, for example can, as in the embodiment with the eyelets 138 of the Case is. Another variant for the suspension bracket 134 exists in two (or possibly more) individual, hooks pointing up or down for hanging in the eyelets 138 to anchor to plate 2, but what in the drawing is not specifically shown. Such single hooks can expediently also as a double-sided hook - like a lying T - be trained so that they can be from above or below in the eyelets 138 can be introduced. On the tubular leg 8 the bracket 4, the other leg, for example be welded, or the bracket 4 is a total of one Tube bent, as is shown in FIG. 14 for a bracket is explained with a U-shaped cross section.

In FIG. 23, the bracket 4 is on the ceiling formwork 14 attached with three nails 12 and carries the plate at its end 2. Its lower edge 3 is at a distance from the surface 5 of the outer wall 16. The distance between the surface 5 and the lower edge 3 results from a structural inaccuracy; this is due to the precisely positioned plate 2 now balanced. The lower edge 3 lies exactly in the plane the ceiling formwork 14 and the upper edge 7 of the plate 2 defined the level of the surface of the concrete slab to be poured.

Through a hole 9 in the plate 2, which either through Drilling has been installed or which has been generated by half-shell-shaped recesses 9a in the end faces 13 of the Plates 2 (see FIG. 30) a tension screw 15 is passed. This comprises an anchor part 41 made of metal or plastic, in which the clamping screw 15 is held. On the anchor part 17 is preferably a sleeve 73 which is passed through the hole 9 in the plate 2. The Sleeve 73 prevents concrete water between the hole 9 and the thread of the clamping screw 15 can get this dirty. On the thread of the clamping screw 15 is a Clamping bracket 19 placed and intended a profile tube 21st or a U-profile 35 against the outside 23 of the plate 2 press. An angular receptacle is inserted in the profile tube 21 25, into which a railing post 27 is inserted. The railing post 27 could also be inserted directly into the profile tube 21 become.

In the embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 25, the anchor part 41 is replaced by a guide tube 29 which lies in the concrete behind the plate 5 and into which the angular receptacle 25 is inserted. In this embodiment of the invention, the angular receptacle 25 has the shape of an inverted U, the second leg 31 of which forms the guide for the clamping screw 71, which can be pressed against the outside 23 of the plate 2.
FIG. 24 shows the angular course of a ceiling, which is formed by three plates 2 arranged at an angle. The panels 2 are carried by the holding brackets 4, which are fastened to the formwork 14 with nails 12. The plates 2 are temporarily held together by suitably designed means in the corners where two plates 2 meet each other. At point A, where two panels 2 form an outer corner, the latter can be held together by a terrain support 33, as is described in FIG. 23 for two panels 2 abutting one another on the end face. The clamping screw 15 penetrates the U-shaped profile 35 in the bore 9 and then the two abutting plates 2 at an angle of approximately 45 ° and is held on an anchor tube 17 inserted in the channel 6 with a threaded bore attached to it. The same railing support 33 serves at location B to receive the railing post 27. It connects two plates 2 abutting one another on the end face and adjusts their outer sides 23 exactly in one plane. At point C, where two plates 2 form an inner corner, the latter are held together by a corner holder 37. This in turn comprises a clamping screw 15, which penetrates a profile tube with a rectangular support surface 39 and is anchored to an inner counter-holding plate 41. The latter is preferably angled at the ends by 45 °. A clamping bracket 19 in turn serves to tighten or tension the corner holder 37.

FIG. 26 shows another example of wall formwork shown with reinforcement of the wall. Alternatively to a punched one Bracket 4e according to Figure 13 with the shape of a H, a bracket 43 with the shape of an h is used. This bracket 43 can subsequently through the reinforcement webs 84 are passed through. I.e. the reinforcement can erected at the beginning of the building of the wall and then the panels 2 stacked and continuous through the bracket 43 are interconnected. The connection of the plates 2 are preferably staggered by connecting rods or tubes 45, which in the channels 6 are inserted (Fig. 32a and 32b). The connecting rods 45 can be made of metal or plastic or metal with a Plastic cover exist. Preferably, the jacket is the Connecting rods 45 are ribbed or roughened, whereby the total diameter of the connecting rods 45 is slightly larger is than the diameter of the channels 6 so that when inserted the connecting rods 45 in the channels 6 a non-positive Connection between the two is created. The three Legs 47, 49, 51 of the bracket 43 are preferred formed analogously to the connecting rods 45. The length A of the front leg 47 is less than the height h of the steps 53 along the upper edge 7 and the lower edge 3 of the plates 2. This makes it possible to mount bracket 43 or its Insert leg 47 into channel 6 of plate 2 below, if a second plate 2 is already arranged above it is (see position D). The leg 49 is preferably something shorter (B) than the leg 47. This allows the leg 47 insert a small piece into channel 6 and then the leg 49 in a channel 6 of the opposite plate 2 to slide. On the top of the three, one above the other Plate 2 in Figure 6 is a railing bracket 33 according to Figure 23 fastens and supports the railing post 27.

Figure 27 shows how, for example, a perimeter wall a flat roof according to the formwork system according to the invention is built up. In this embodiment of the invention the ceiling finish is set up such as shown in Figure 1. I.e. the plate 2, which is the end face the ceiling to be cast is from the bracket 4 held, which is attached to the ceiling formwork 14. One or more further plates 2 come over this plate 2 to lie. However, there is no plate 2 directly on the ceiling side on the formwork 14, but it lies on the H-shaped bracket 55. Its lower feet become when pouring the ceiling enclosed by this and on the over the surface of the ceiling protruding leg 57 can the next plates 2nd be put on or put on.

Figure 28 shows another possible application of the formwork system for creating a free-standing wall 59. After a trench 61 has been dug 63 with U-shaped bracket 65 plates in pairs 2 set up. The plates 2 to be placed on top are covered with the H-bracket 55 connected. Where necessary, reinforcement is used 84 inserted between the plates 2.

To illustrate the formwork system according to the invention 29 is a part under construction, in part as wall 59 and partially shown as a ceiling formwork. In the upper part of the picture, layers are layered on top of each other Plates 2 can be seen, which by H-shaped bracket 55 are connected. The lowest plates 2 are attached to the ceiling 14 with bracket 4. In the area the wall 59 takes the place of the L-shaped bracket 4 a U-shaped bracket 65. The outside corner is by two plates abutting at right angles 2 formed, which are held together by a railing bracket 33 become. Alternatively, the two plates forming the corner 2 also through one inserted into the channels 6 from above and / or below U-shaped bracket 67 are held together. Of the Bracket 67 corresponds essentially to the U-shaped bracket 65, such could also be used. Preferably but a bracket 67 is used, the Base leg is slightly shorter than that of the bracket 65. The same U-shaped bracket 67 can also for exact distance and holding together to lie on top coming plates 2 of the wall are used. if the Plates 2 with semicircular recesses for the passage of the clamping screws 15 can be provided the resulting holes 9 if no clamping screw 15 is passed through, plastic, metal or concrete plugs 69 can be closed.

With a suitable choice of the dimensions of the bracket and Rails and their distances from each other and from the plate edges can be a very universal modular system with the invention create which in a simple way diverse Formwork tasks allowed to be mastered.

In FIG. 30 the formation of the hole 9 formed by a semicircle 9a on each plate edge 13 is visible, which also cuts the channel 6 in which the anchor tube 17 is held.
The areas of the plate 2 designated as the inner wall 18 and the outer wall 20 have a wall thickness b in the area of the channels 6. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the distances b are half as large as the mutual distances a of the channels 6. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the channels 6 is approximately twice as large as their mutual distances a. The channels 6 form a kind of "honeycomb structure" within the plate, which imparts a rigidity to the plate 2. In the area of step 53, the channels 6 are half-shell-shaped and extend to the adjacent edge 37. By inserting reinforcing bars, grids or reinforcements 73 lying parallel to the plate surfaces and / or the longitudinal edges 3, 7 between the surfaces of the plate and the Channels 6 arranged symmetrically therein can further increase the strength and rigidity of the plate 2.

Claims (12)

Formwork sheet for a formwork system, with a Outside and one with liquid concrete at Backfilling to get in touch certain Inside, with an upper and a lower Long edge and two front edges, with the End edges of parallel channels or Recordings for inserting a leg of one Bracket or lanyard, thereby characterized that the channels (6) or Lanyard receptacles (96, 128) an upper and have one under opening, at least the lower openings in a common plane in one Distance (h) to the lower edge (3) of the plate (2) in evenly spaced (a) side by side. Formwork panel according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the openings are the end portions of the Form channels (6) and on both sides at a distance (h) from the longitudinal edges (3,7) from one parallel to the Longitudinal edges (3,7) extending step (53) in the Plate (2) is at least partially exposed to the side and that the distance (b) of the unexposed Sections of the channels (6) from both Plate surface is the same size. Formwork panel according to claim 2, characterized characterized that the parallel to the Area of step (53) runs in the central plane of the plate (2) and that the channels (6) in the thinned area of the plate (2) form half-shell-shaped recesses. Formwork panel according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the lateral distance (a) of the channels (6) approximately twice the distance (b) Channels (6) from the surfaces (3,7) of the plate (2) corresponds and that between the surfaces (3,7) and the channels (6) at least one parallel to each Plate surfaces and / or the longitudinal edges (3.7) running strand or lattice-shaped reinforcement (75) made of metal, glass or plastic. Formwork panel according to claim 4, characterized characterized in that the diameter of the channels (6) about twice the distance (a) of the channels (6) corresponds. Formwork panel according to claim 1, characterized characterized that parallel to the edges (3,7) running, possibly arranged in a grid Rails (100, 122) or strips (132a, 132b) the openings aligned with one another are provided (96,128) as receptacles for the bracket (4) and that the rails (100,122) through in the Plates (2) molded in perforated sheets existing profiles are formed. Formwork panel according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plates (2) on a Side edge (13) with an edge profile and on it opposite side edge with one to it complementary counter profile for joining two Plates (2) are provided (profiles 28,30,32,34,36, 38.40). Formwork system for parts of buildings to be concreted, with lost formwork panels, which can be connected to mounting brackets via pegs / holes,
characterized by a modular system in which the formwork panels (2) as hard panels that can be assembled in any configuration and the connectors with plug receptacles (6,96,128,138,140) that are accessible from opposite plate edges (3,7) and preferably set back against them on at least one plate edge, and with pegs (8,47,49,51,62) arranged on the mounting brackets (4,43,55) to match the respective plate configuration are trained. Formwork system according to claim 8, characterized marked that the bracket (4,43,55) by means of profile bars at an angle to each other Shape of an H, h, U, L with rigid or with articulated Connection are formed. Formwork system according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized by an in annex with the Formwork panel (2) to be determined as temporary connecting means of the plates (2) serving Railing girder (33), with a post holder (21,106) for inserting a post (27,110), a clamping screw (15.71) for clamping the Railing girder (33) on the formwork panel (2) and with one determined to lie against the inside Counterholder (29) or an anchor (17,41). Formwork system according to claim 8, characterized characterized that the clamping screw (15.71) by the formwork panel (2) can be passed through and in one Thread on the anchor (17,41) can be anchored or that the Railing support (33) is H-shaped and the short legs can be inserted into the counter holder (29) and, guided on the longer leg, with the Tensioning screw (71) on the formwork panel (2) is tense. Formwork system according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized by an outside with two Formwork panels (2) lying at an angle to each other certain, acting as corner brackets Railing girder (33), with one in one in one of the Channels (6) insertable anchor pin (17) guided Tensioning screw (15) and with a post holder (21) for inserting a railing post (27).

Images