EP0893523B1 - Grid fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The woven grid fabric has only the wefts (1) and standing filaments (2) of the same material characteristics and strength and especially tensile strength and bending strength. The leno filaments (3), as auxiliary warps, are made of stretch fibres and are thinner, compared to the weft and standing (1,2) filaments.

Description

• aus einer Anzahl von Schußfäden, die in gewünschtem Gitterabstand parallel zueinander angeordnet sind,
• aus einer Anzahl von zu den Schußfäden senkrecht verlaufenden Steherfäden, die ebenfalls in gewünschtem Gitterabstand parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, und
• aus einer Anzahl von Dreherfäden, die Schußfäden und Steherfäden nach Art eines Drehergewebes verschlingen,

wobei die parallel zueinander angeordneten Schußfäden und die dazu senkrecht, parallel zueinander angeordneten Steherfäden aus einer dehnungsarmen Faser bestehen und sich nicht verkreuzen.The invention relates to the use of a grid fabric, consisting of

• a number of weft threads which are arranged parallel to one another at the desired grid spacing,
• from a number of upright threads running perpendicular to the weft threads, which are likewise arranged parallel to one another at the desired grid spacing, and
• from a number of leno threads that weft weft threads and upright threads in the manner of a leno weave,

the weft threads arranged parallel to one another and the upright threads arranged perpendicularly to one another consist of a low-stretch fiber and do not cross.

Lattice fabrics are woven fabrics consisting of a stand (or also Warp) and a weft system, where basically three types of mesh fabric distinguishes: "full-turn" (or "full turn"), "cross-turn" and "half-turn"

Full spiners are so named because they are wrapped around the upright and weft threads Leno thread is used which makes a full turn around the upright thread, before a shot is fired. Before the next shot, the leno thread is made another full turn in the opposite direction. Because in use conventional weaving machines for this technology, rational production is not possible full-turn is rarely the case.

Phillips have one type of binding, two for each group Leno threads are crossed over one or more upright threads. The binding achieved in this way is mainly thanks to its special sliding resistance used for tying cut edges. With usual weaving machines with normal leno harnesses this binding is very easy complicated, which is why special cutting strips are usually used.

Half-turn (or leno weave) also become "English lathe" or "Polish Dreher ". This type includes lattice fabrics, which for example only have an upright and a turner per group. A leno fabric according to the state of the art can be seen in FIG. 2: This is a Turner fabric with one upright thread and one leno thread per group. This is the most common type of tissue in practice. Just this composition makes it possible to use the economically efficient high / low shifter technology. A leno weave is also described in GB 1 082 684 A.

The invention relates to the latter group. Half-spin fabric produced inexpensively in known weaving machines (more information the company brochure "Hoch / Tiefachach-Drehertechnik" is available for this purpose E. Fröhlich AG, CH-8874 Mühlehorn). They come because of their favorable weight-strength ratio also for high-speed abrasive tools as a carrier material for use.

The following problem arises in particular in this application: The The structure of the mesh has different elongations at break in the fabric different directions. Comes in the direction of the extension of the weft threads their elongation behavior to the effect, perpendicular to this is the elongation behavior of upright and leno threads. Now such a tissue is rotating offset, it does not expand evenly in both due to the flow forces Directions.

Furthermore, it should be borne in mind when the fabric is under high stress that the Weft threads extend linearly and have their full strength, but that twisted leno and upright threads due to the manufacturing process mutual twisting are heavily loaded (see arrangement of weft threads 1 on the one hand and upright threads 2 and leno threads 3 on the other hand in Fig. 2), possibly even already slightly damaged so that they cannot develop their full strength.

The invention has for its object a lattice fabric of the known type, for use as a carrier material in abrasive tools, to improve such that the strength and the elongation behavior in the direction of Weft threads and in the direction of the upright threads are essentially the same, and so there are no restrictions on use with fast rotating Abrasive tools must be made when using the mesh. Furthermore should Ensure that the upright threads are only used in the manufacture of the mesh are subjected to less stress, which the strength values of the threads affect. The aim is also to improve the improved mesh to manufacture using less material, so that it is inexpensive.

The object is achieved according to claim 1.

The solution to the problem by the invention is characterized in that only in the mesh fabric used the weft threads (1) and the upright threads (2) have essentially the same material properties and strength values, especially tensile strength, elongation behavior and bending stiffness, and the leno threads (3) as auxiliary warp threads in Contrary to the weft or upright threads (1, 2) made of a stretchable fiber exist much lower titer. It is preferably provided that the weft threads (1) and upright threads (2) run essentially straight and the Leno threads (3) intertwine around weft and upright threads (1, 2).

With this arrangement, the aim of the invention is achieved: weft threads and Upright threads are arranged at right angles to each other and largely remain just. This also ensures that the upright threads at Processing will not be damaged because they are not significantly bent have to. Rather, only a comparatively thin leno thread loops as Auxiliary warp thread around upright and weft thread: The leno thread is bent, while the main thread and the weft thread remain largely straight; the for The stretching leno thread alone creates the necessary turn applied.

The titer (ie the ratio of weight per length) is advantageously of Weft thread (1) and upright thread (2) largely the same; the titer of the leno thread (3) is preferably at most 25% of that of the weft or stand thread (1, 2), or even a maximum of 15% of it.

It is also provided that weft and upright threads (1, 2) are made of a glass fiber consist. The leno threads (3), however, preferably consist of a conventional one Fabric fiber, in particular from a smooth fiber made of plastic. As material for the leno threads (3) are preferably polyester, polyamide or Dralon®.

The weft and upright threads (1, 2) can have a titer of 34 to 9,600 tex, preferably 68 to 1,200 tex. The leno threads (3) have preferred a titer of 20 to 200 dtex. The spacing between the wefts (1) or the upright threads (2) is advantageously from 2 x 2 to 14 x 14 mm.

The fabric grid according to the invention is used as a carrier material in Abrasive tools used. It is primarily on grinding, cutting or Grinding discs thought.

Furthermore, the mesh grids can also be used in construction, and both as reinforcing mesh or as joint cover strips.

Fig. 1

zeigt schematisch den Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Gewebegitters als Ausschnitt,

Fig. 2

stellt den entsprechenden Stand der Technik dar.

An exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in the drawing:

Fig. 1

schematically shows the structure of the fabric grid according to the invention as a section,

Fig. 2

represents the corresponding state of the art.

The known lattice fabric shown in FIG. 2 consists of three types of thread: A row of weft threads 1 are arranged parallel to one another at the desired lattice spacing. A series of upright threads 2, which are likewise arranged parallel to one another at the desired grid spacing, run perpendicular to these. Furthermore, the fabric has a number of leno threads 3. These leno threads are intertwined with the upright threads 2 around the weft threads 1, so that a so-called leno fabric is obtained. In this case, the weft threads 1 arranged parallel to one another and the upright threads 2 arranged perpendicular to one another and parallel to one another do not cross, but rather are arranged one above the other; in the figure, the upright threads 2 are always below the weft threads 1. The fabric shown is produced in a known manner in a weaving machine which uses the high / low shed turning technique. The fabric shown is therefore a half-turn fabric (or leno fabric) that has only one upright 2 and one leno 3 per group.
As can be seen directly from FIG. 2, upright threads 2 and leno threads 3 wind together around one another and around the weft threads 1, so that the desired bond is produced. Since essentially identical pillars 2 and turner 3 are always used, it follows that both pillars 2 and turner 3 are bent after the weaving process. This may affect the strength of the two fiber groups, since the bend cannot rule out the possibility of fiber injury.

It is also immediately apparent that the strength in the direction of the weft threads solely due to the strength of the weft threads 1 shows that the strength perpendicular to it - ie in the direction of the uprights 2 or 3 - essentially as Sum of the strengths of upright threads 2 and leno threads 3 results. In general So it can be assumed that the strength behavior - and therefore also the stretching behavior under load - different in the two directions mentioned is what is particularly noticeable when that Mesh fabric is used as a carrier fabric for rotating grinding tools: The strains in the two orthogonal directions are then different, so that the bursting of the tool is promoted.

The fabric of the invention - shown in Fig. 1 - differs from this prior art in that the wefts 1 and Upright threads 2 have essentially the same material properties and strength values have: As can be seen, the dimensions (diameter) of the threads 1 and 2 substantially the same size, d. H. the titers are the same or similar. Still is to see that the leno threads 3 compared to the weft or upright threads 1, 2 a much smaller diameter, ie a much lower titer and thus also have a significantly lower tensile strength and bending stiffness. Thus the leno threads nestle - as can be seen in Fig. 1 - around the Upright threads 2 and the weft threads 1 around without the upright threads 2 one significant bend are exposed. Rather, the upright threads 2 remain straight - The weft threads 1 are there anyway.

Since fibers 3 are preferably used as leno threads that are less than have a quarter of the titer of the upright or weft threads 1, 2 (in the exemplary embodiment if it is only about a tenth of the titer of threads 1 or 2), the strength drops of the leno thread 3 is not important for the fabric: the strength becomes alone determined by that of the weft and stand threads 1, 2. Because this is essentially is the same, there is an equal total strength of the fabric both in Direction of the weft threads 1 as well as in the direction of the upright threads 2. Incoming such a fabric is used as a carrier material for a rotating grinding tool, there are no different strains in the two mentioned Directions so that the grinding wheel runs better and a higher burst speed Has.

The mesh fabric according to the invention is produced in a manner known per se Wise. Well-known weaving machines are used (e.g. rapier weaving machines from the Dornier company) and well-known high / low shifter turning systems (e.g. from the Grob), where two warp beams are used: one warp beam the upright thread is guided, in the other the leno thread. Both threads are processed with essentially the same thread tension. Due to the This results in different strength values of the standard thread and leno thread Fabric sketched in Fig. 1: The upright threads 2 become essentially straight arranged, while the leno threads 3 around the upright threads 2 and Arrange weft threads 1.

Since there is no significant twisting of the upright thread 2 during the weaving process is feared and he also does not have a particularly high thread tension processed, there is no risk that this thread is a mechanical Undergoes damage during processing.

Since - in comparison with the prior art (Fig. 2) - the material sum of Upright thread 2 and leno thread 3 is lower in the solution according to the invention, less thread material is also used.

Claims (12)

1. A use of a grid fabric (lattice fabric) as a support material in abrasive tools, in particular in grinding, cutting, or snagging wheels, as reinforcing fabric and joint covering strips in the construction sector,
   whereby the grid fabric consists of

   a number of weft threads (1), which are arranged parallel to one another at the desired grid spacing,

   a number of standing threads (2) running perpendicular to the weft threads (1), which are likewise arranged parallel to one another at the desired grid spacing, and

   a number of turning threads (3), which loop around the weft threads (1) and standing threads (2) in the manner of a gauze fabric,

   characterised in that within the grid fabric
   the weft threads (1) arranged parallel to one another and the standing threads (2) arranged parallel to one another and perpendicular to said weft threads do not cross one another,
   only the weft threads (1) and the standing threads (2) exhibit the same material properties and strength values, in particular tensile strength, extension behaviour, and flexing resistance, and
   the weft threads (1) arranged parallel to one another and the perpendicular standing threads (2) arranged parallel to one another consist of a low-extension fibre, and the turning threads (3) consist of an extendible fibre with a substantially lower titre than the titre of the weft and standing threads (1, 2), whereby the titre of the turning threads (3) amounts to a maximum of 25 % of the titre of the weft and standing threads (1, 2).
2. The use according to Claim 1, characterised in that the weft threads (1) and the standing threads (2) of the grid fabric run straight and the turning threads (3) loop around the weft threads and standing threads (1, 2).
3. The use according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the titres of the weft threads (1) and the standing threads (2) of the grid fabric are the same.
4. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the titre of the turning threads (3) of the grid fabric amounts to a maximum of 15 % of the titre of the weft and standing threads (1, 2).
5. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the weft and standing threads (1, 2) of the grid fabric consist of a glass fibre.
6. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the turning threads (3) of the grid fabric consist of a fibre made of plastic.
7. The use according to Claim 6, characterised in that the turning threads (3) of the grid fabric consist of polyester, polyamide, or dralon.
8. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the grid fabric is coated with a plastic.
9. The use according to Claim 8, characterised in that the plastic coating of the grid fabric consists of synthetic rubber, phenol resin, or epoxy resin.
10. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the weft and standing threads (1, 2) of the grid fabric have a titre of 34 to 9,600 tex, and for preference 68 to 1,200 tex.
11. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the turning threads (3) of the grid fabric have a titre of 20 to 200 dtex.
12. The use according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the grid spacing of the grid fabric between the weft threads (1) measures from 2 x 2 to 14 x 14 mm, and that the grid spacing between the standing threads measures from 2 x 2 to 14 x 14 mm.

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