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EP0881161A1 - Transport and storage container for liquids - Google Patents

Transport and storage container for liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0881161A1
EP0881161A1 EP98108994A EP98108994A EP0881161A1 EP 0881161 A1 EP0881161 A1 EP 0881161A1 EP 98108994 A EP98108994 A EP 98108994A EP 98108994 A EP98108994 A EP 98108994A EP 0881161 A1 EP0881161 A1 EP 0881161A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner container
container
protective cover
plastic
transport
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98108994A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0881161B1 (en
Inventor
Udo Schütz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Protechna SA
Original Assignee
Protechna SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Protechna SA filed Critical Protechna SA
Publication of EP0881161A1 publication Critical patent/EP0881161A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0881161B1 publication Critical patent/EP0881161B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/04—Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another
    • B65D77/0446—Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another the inner and outer containers being rigid or semi-rigid and the outer container being of polygonal cross-section not formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks
    • B65D77/0453—Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another the inner and outer containers being rigid or semi-rigid and the outer container being of polygonal cross-section not formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks the inner container having a polygonal cross-section
    • B65D77/0466—Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another the inner and outer containers being rigid or semi-rigid and the outer container being of polygonal cross-section not formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks the inner container having a polygonal cross-section the containers being mounted on a pallet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2213/00—Safety means
    • B65D2213/02—Means for preventing buil-up of electrostatic charges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to transport and storage containers for Liquids, with a pallet-like base, one Inner container made of plastic with four side walls, one lower and an upper floor, one on the upper floor molded, lockable filler neck and one at the bottom Section of a side wall molded outlet with a Withdrawal valve, an outer jacket made of vertical and horizontal bars or as a sheet metal jacket is formed, and one attached to the outer jacket, removable protective cover made of metal or plastic with a central access opening to that with a screw cap lockable filler neck of the inner container (DE 38 19 911 C2).
  • the invention has for its object the stability of upper bottom of the plastic inner container to raise one Drop the top bottom with the filler neck below Avoid exposure to external or internal forces.
  • Storage container 1 for liquids has as Main components a replaceable, rectangular inner container 2 made of polyethylene with four side walls 2a-2d, a lower than Drain floor formed floor 3 and an upper floor 4 with a filler neck which can be closed by a screw cap 6 5 and a molded on the lower portion of the end wall 2a Outlet nozzle 7 with a tap, an outer jacket 8 intersecting vertical and horizontal bars 9, 10 made of metal, a removable attached to the outer jacket 8 Protective cover 11 made of metal for the inner container 2 with a central access opening 12 to the filler neck 5 of the Inner container 2 and a pallet-like base 13 with a floor pan 14 made of sheet metal for the positive reception of the Plastic inner container 2.
  • the floor pan 14 has a certain ground clearance on corner and middle feet 15, 16 and a foot frame 17 or Skids, so that the floor pan 14 for transporting the transport and Storage container 1 from four sides of the gripper arms one Transport device, e.g. of a forklift can.
  • the feet 15, 16 and the foot frame 17 or the runners are made of metal or an electrically conductive plastic, e.g. Polyethylene with a conductive carbon black part.
  • the Pallet-like subordinate 13 of the transport and Storage container 1 has length and Width dimensions.
  • a support insert 18 made of metal arranged with four side walls 18a-18d.
  • the upper bottom 4 of the inner container 2 has one Middle section 19 with the filler neck 5 and two raised outer sections 20, 21, which when filling the Container 2 up to 95% with a liquid cavities 22, 23rd form in which at elevated outside temperatures from the Liquid evaporating gas can accumulate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)

Abstract

The inner container (2) has four sides (2a-2d) and a top (4) and bottom (3) base. the top has a closeable filler-socket (5). The lower part of a side wall has an outlet pipe (7) with discharge-cock. An outer casing (8) consists of vertical and horizontal metal latticed bars (9,10) and has a removable metal or plastics protective lid (11) with central access opening (12) to the inner container's filler socket closeable by a screw cap. The top of the inner container has fixture eyelets (26,27) fitting through slits (29,30) in the protective lid thereby fixed to the outer casing of the transporter container (1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Transport- und Lagerbehälter für Flüssigkeiten, mit einem palettenartigen Untergestellt, einem Innenbehälter aus Kunststoff mit vier Seitenwänden, einem unteren und einem oberen Boden, einem am oberen Boden angeformten, verschließbaren Einfüllstutzen und einem am unteren Abschnitt einer Seitenwand angeformten Auslaufstutzen mit einer Entnahmearmatur, einem Außenmantel, der aus senkrechten und waagrechten Gitterstäben besteht oder als Blechmantel ausgebildet ist, und einem an dem Außenmantel befestigten, abnehmbaren Schutzdeckel aus Metall oder Kunststoff mit einer mittigen Zugangsöffnung zu dem mit einer Schraubkappe verschließbaren Einfüllstutzen des Innenbehälters (DE 38 19 911 C2).The invention relates to transport and storage containers for Liquids, with a pallet-like base, one Inner container made of plastic with four side walls, one lower and an upper floor, one on the upper floor molded, lockable filler neck and one at the bottom Section of a side wall molded outlet with a Withdrawal valve, an outer jacket made of vertical and horizontal bars or as a sheet metal jacket is formed, and one attached to the outer jacket, removable protective cover made of metal or plastic with a central access opening to that with a screw cap lockable filler neck of the inner container (DE 38 19 911 C2).

Beim Befüllen dieser bekannten Transport- und Lagerbehälter mit heißen Flüssigkeiten und dem anschließenden Abkühlen der Flüssigkeiten besteht die Gefahr, daß sich der obere Boden des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters unter Einwirkung des sich im Innenbehälter aufbauenden Unterdrucks so tief absenkt, daß man den Verschlußdeckel des am oberen Boden des Innenbehälters angeformten Einfüllstutzens mit einem handelsüblichen Schraubenschlüssel nicht mehr öffnen kann. Die Gefahr des Absenkens des oberen Bodens des Innenbehälters ist ferner gegeben, wenn man ein Rührwerk auf den Einfüllstutzen aufsetzt.When filling these known transport and storage containers with hot liquids and then cooling the Liquids run the risk that the upper bottom of the Plastic inner container under the influence of the The inner container building negative pressure so low that you the cap of the at the top bottom of the inner container molded filler neck with a commercially available Wrench can no longer open. The danger of Lowering the top bottom of the inner container is also given when you put an agitator on the filler neck.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Stabilität des oberen Bodens des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters zu erhöhen, um ein Einfallen des oberen Bodens mit dem Einfüllstutzen unter Einwirkung von äußeren oder inneren Kräften zu vermeiden.The invention has for its object the stability of upper bottom of the plastic inner container to raise one Drop the top bottom with the filler neck below Avoid exposure to external or internal forces.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch einen Transport- und Lagerbehälter mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. This object is achieved by a Transport and storage container with the characteristics of Claim 1.

Die Unteransprüche beinhalten vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The sub-claims contain advantageous and expedient Developments of the invention.

Durch die Befestigung des oberen Bodens des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters an dem Schutzdeckel des Transport- und Lagerbehälters ist ein Absenken des oberen Bodens mit dem Einfüllstutzen unter äußerer und innerer Krafteinwirkung ausgeschlossen. Die Aufhängung des oberen Bodens des Innenbehälters am Schutzdeckel des Transport- und Lagerbehälters ermöglicht eine Reduzierung der Wandstärke des oberen Bodens und damit eine Reduzierung des Transportgewichts des Behälters sowie eine Materialkostenersparnis.By attaching the top bottom of the plastic inner container on the protective cover of the transport and Storage container is a lowering of the upper floor with the Filler neck under external and internal force locked out. The suspension of the upper floor of the Inner container on the protective cover of the transport and storage container allows a reduction in the wall thickness of the upper floor and thus a reduction in the transport weight of the container as well a material cost saving.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand von Zeichnungsfiguren erläutert, die folgendes darstellen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Transport- und Lagerbehälters,
Fig. 2
eine ausschnittsweise, vergrößerte Draufsicht des montierten Schutzdeckels des Behälters mit der Befestigung des oberen Bodens des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters an dem Schutzdeckel und
Fig. 3
einen Teilschnitt durch den Schutzdeckel des Behälters nach Linie III-III der Fig. 2.
The invention is explained below with reference to drawing figures, which represent the following:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a transport and storage container,
Fig. 2
a partial, enlarged plan view of the assembled protective cover of the container with the attachment of the upper bottom of the plastic inner container to the protective cover and
Fig. 3
a partial section through the protective cover of the container along line III-III of FIG. 2nd

Der als Ein- und Mehrwegbehälter einsetzbare Transport- und Lagerbehälter 1 für Flüssigkeiten nach Fig. 1 weist als Hauptbauteile einen austauschbaren, quaderförmigen Innenbehälter 2 aus Polyethylen mit vier Seitenwänden 2a-2d, einem unteren als Ablaufboden ausgebildeten Boden 3 und einem oberen Boden 4 mit einem durch einen Schraubdeckel 6 verschließbaren Einfüllstutzen 5 sowie einem am unteren Abschnitt der Stirnwand 2a angeformten Auslaufstutzen 7 mit einem Entnahmehahn, einen Außenmantel 8 aus sich kreuzenden senkrechten und waagerechten Gitterstäben 9, 10 aus Metall, einen an dem Außenmantel 8 befestigten, abnehmbaren Schutzdeckel 11 aus Metall für den Innenbehälter 2 mit einer mittigen Zugangsöffnung 12 zu dem Einfüllstutzen 5 des Innenbehälters 2 und ein palettenartiges Untergestellt 13 mit einer Bodenwanne 14 aus Blech zur formschlüssigen Aufnahme des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters 2 auf.The transport and can be used as a disposable and reusable container Storage container 1 for liquids according to FIG. 1 has as Main components a replaceable, rectangular inner container 2 made of polyethylene with four side walls 2a-2d, a lower than Drain floor formed floor 3 and an upper floor 4 with a filler neck which can be closed by a screw cap 6 5 and a molded on the lower portion of the end wall 2a Outlet nozzle 7 with a tap, an outer jacket 8 intersecting vertical and horizontal bars 9, 10 made of metal, a removable attached to the outer jacket 8 Protective cover 11 made of metal for the inner container 2 with a central access opening 12 to the filler neck 5 of the Inner container 2 and a pallet-like base 13 with a floor pan 14 made of sheet metal for the positive reception of the Plastic inner container 2.

Die Bodenwanne 14 steht mit einer bestimmten Bodenfreiheit auf Eck- und Mittelfüßen 15,16 und einem Fußrahmen 17 oder Kufen, so daß die Bodenwanne 14 zum Transport des Transport- und Lagerbehälters 1 von vier Seiten von den Greifarmen eines Transportgerätes, z.B. eines Gabelstaplers, unterfahren werden kann. Die Füße 15,16 und der Fußrahmen 17 bzw. die Kufen sind aus Metall oder einem elektrisch leitenden Kunststoff, z.B. Polyethylen mit einem Leitrußanteil, hergestellt. Das palettenartige Untergestellt 13 des Transport- und Lagerbehälters 1 weist euronormgerechte Längen- und Breitenabmessungen auf.The floor pan 14 has a certain ground clearance on corner and middle feet 15, 16 and a foot frame 17 or Skids, so that the floor pan 14 for transporting the transport and Storage container 1 from four sides of the gripper arms one Transport device, e.g. of a forklift can. The feet 15, 16 and the foot frame 17 or the runners are made of metal or an electrically conductive plastic, e.g. Polyethylene with a conductive carbon black part. The Pallet-like subordinate 13 of the transport and Storage container 1 has length and Width dimensions.

Zwischen dem Kunststoff-Innenbehälter 2 und dem Außenmantel 8 des Transportbehälters 1 ist ein Stützeinsatz 18 aus Metall mit vier Seitenwänden 18a-18d angeordnet.Between the plastic inner container 2 and the outer jacket 8 of the transport container 1 is a support insert 18 made of metal arranged with four side walls 18a-18d.

Elektrische Ladungen, die sich gegebenenfalls beim Befüllen des Transport- und Lagerbehälters 1 mit einer Flüssigkeit und der Entnahme von Flüssigkeit aus dem Behälter 1 durch Flüssigkeitsreibung an den Oberflächen des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters 2 bilden, werden über den Stützeinsatz 18, den Außenmantel 8, die Bodenwanne 14, die Eck- und Mittelfüße 15,16 und den Fußrahmen 17 in den Boden abgeleitet.Electric charges that may occur when filling of the transport and storage container 1 with a liquid and the removal of liquid from the container 1 by Fluid friction on the surfaces of the plastic inner container 2 form, the support insert 18, the Outer jacket 8, the base pan 14, the corner and center feet 15, 16 and derived the foot frame 17 into the ground.

Der obere Boden 4 des Innenbehälters 2 weist einen Mittelabschnitt 19 mit dem Einfüllstutzen 5 und zwei erhöhte äußere Abschnitte 20, 21 auf, die bei einer Füllung des Behälters 2 bis zu 95 % mit einer Flüssigkeit Hohlräume 22, 23 bilden, in denen sich bei erhöhten Außentemperaturen aus der Flüssigkeit verdampfendes Gas ansammeln kann. The upper bottom 4 of the inner container 2 has one Middle section 19 with the filler neck 5 and two raised outer sections 20, 21, which when filling the Container 2 up to 95% with a liquid cavities 22, 23rd form in which at elevated outside temperatures from the Liquid evaporating gas can accumulate.

An den Absätzen 24, 25 zwischen dem Mittelabschnitt 19 und den beiden äußeren erhöhten Abschnitten 20, 21 des oberen Bodens 4 des Innenbehälters 2 sind zwei Befestigungsösen 26, 27 angeformt.At paragraphs 24, 25 between the middle section 19 and the two outer raised sections 20, 21 of the upper floor 4 of the inner container 2 are two fastening eyes 26, 27 molded.

Im Bereich der Einsenkung 28 der Zugangsöffnung 12 des Schutzdeckels 11 des Transportbehälters 1 sind entsprechende Schlitze 29, 30 zum Durchstecken der Befestigungsösen 26, 27 beim Befestigen des Schutzdeckels 11 an den oberen Enden der senkrechten Gitterstäbe 9 des Außenmantels 8 angeordnet.In the region of the depression 28 of the access opening 12 of the Protective cover 11 of the transport container 1 are corresponding Slots 29, 30 for pushing through the fastening eyes 26, 27 when attaching the protective cover 11 to the upper ends of the vertical bars 9 of the outer jacket 8 arranged.

Zur Befestigung des oberen Boden 4 des Innenbehälters 2 am Schutzdeckel 11 des Transportbehälters 1 werden durch die über den Deckel nach oben vorstehenden Befestigungsösen 26, 27 des Innenbehälters 2 Splinte 31 aus Kunststoff oder Metall durchgesteckt.To attach the upper bottom 4 of the inner container 2 on Protective cover 11 of the transport container 1 are through the the lid upward protruding eyelets 26, 27 of Inner container 2 split pins 31 made of plastic or metal put through.

Claims (4)

Transport- und Lagerbehälter für Flüssigkeiten, mit einem palettenartigen Untergestellt, einem Innenbehälter aus Kunststoff mit vier Seitenwänden, einem unteren und einem oberen Boden, einem am oberen Boden angeformten, verschließbaren Einfüllstutzen und einem am unteren Abschnitt einer Seitenwand angeformten Auslaufstutzen mit einer Entnahmearmatur, einem Außenmantel, der aus senkrechten und waagrechten Gitterstäben besteht oder als Blechmantel ausgebildet ist, und einem an dem Außenmantel befestigten, abnehmbaren Schutzdeckel aus Metall oder Kunststoff mit einer mittigen Zugangsöffnung zu dem mit einer Schraubkappe verschließbaren Einfüllstutzen des Innenbehälters, gekennzeichnet durch am oberen Boden (4) des Innenbehälters (2) angeformte Befestigungsösen (26, 27), im Schutzdeckel (11) angeordnete Schlitze (29, 30) zum Durchstecken der Befestigungsösen (26, 27) beim Befestigen des Schutzdeckels (11) am Außenmantel (8) des Transportbehälters (1) sowie Sicherungselemente zum Durchstecken durch die über den Schutzdeckel (11) nach oben vorstehenden Befestigungsösen (26, 27) des Innenbehälters (2).Transport and storage container for liquids, with one Pallet-like base, an inner container Plastic with four side walls, one lower and one upper Bottom, a closable molded on the upper bottom Filler neck and one at the bottom of a side wall molded outlet spout with a tap, one Outer jacket made of vertical and horizontal bars exists or is formed as a sheet metal jacket, and one on the Outer jacket attached, removable protective cover made of metal or plastic with a central access opening to the a screw cap of the filler neck Inner container, characterized by on the upper bottom (4) of the Inner container (2) molded mounting eyelets (26, 27), in Protective cover (11) arranged slots (29, 30) for pushing through the eyelets (26, 27) when attaching the protective cover (11) on the outer jacket (8) of the transport container (1) and Fuse elements to push through through the Protective cover (11) protruding eyelets (26, 27) of the inner container (2). Behälter nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch durch die Befestigungsösen (26, 27) des Innenbehälters (2) durchsteckbare Splinte (31) aus Kunststoff oder Metall zur Befestigung des oberen Bodens (4) des Innenbehälters (2) am Schutzdeckel (11).Container according to claim 1, characterized by the Fastening eyes (26, 27) of the inner container (2) can be pushed through Split pins (31) made of plastic or metal for fastening the upper bottom (4) of the inner container (2) on the protective cover (11). Behälter nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungsösen (26, 27) an den Absätzen (24, 25) zwischen dem Mittelabschnitt (19) und den äußeren erhöhten Abschnitten (20, 21) des oberen Bodens (4) des Kunststoff-Innenbehälters (2) angeformt sind.Container according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the fastening eyes (26, 27) on the shoulders (24, 25) between the central section (19) and the outer raised Sections (20, 21) of the upper bottom (4) of the plastic inner container (2) are molded. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen zwischen dem Innenbehälter (2) und dem Außenmantel (8) angeordneten Stützeinsatz (18) mit vier Seitenwänden (18a - 18d), der aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material, vorzugsweise Metall besteht.Container according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by one between the inner container (2) and the outer jacket (8) arranged support insert (18) with four side walls (18a - 18d), which is made of an electrically conductive material, preferably consists of metal.
EP98108994A 1997-05-27 1998-05-18 Transport and storage container for liquids Expired - Lifetime EP0881161B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722194A DE19722194C2 (en) 1997-05-27 1997-05-27 Transport and storage containers for liquids
DE19722194 1997-05-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0881161A1 true EP0881161A1 (en) 1998-12-02
EP0881161B1 EP0881161B1 (en) 2002-08-14

Family

ID=7830651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98108994A Expired - Lifetime EP0881161B1 (en) 1997-05-27 1998-05-18 Transport and storage container for liquids

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US5979685A (en)
EP (1) EP0881161B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3617769B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1077075C (en)
AR (1) AR008343A1 (en)
AU (1) AU722967B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9801701A (en)
DE (2) DE19722194C2 (en)
DK (1) DK0881161T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2178075T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1016948A1 (en)
MY (1) MY117403A (en)
NO (1) NO982375L (en)
PL (1) PL326481A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2197418C2 (en)

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AU2003236836B2 (en) * 2002-04-23 2009-01-22 Mauser-Werke Gmbh Plastic container
DE10242954A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-03-25 Protechna S.A. Pallet tank incorporates plastic tank with long-acting anti-static outer layer, connector made from electrically-conducting plastic connecting with this layer being fitted on tank and tap fitting into connector
ES2243103B1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2006-12-01 Felipe Puig Aguilella PROCEDURE FOR THE FILLING OF FLEXIBLE CONTAINERS NORMALLY PROVISIONS ON PALETIZED RIGID RECEPTACLES TYPE CAGE OR SEMIRRIGED, AND SET OF DEVICES TO MAKE SUCH FILLING.
US20040173615A1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-09 Goodman John B. Fuel storage container for a fuel cell
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016010889A1 (en) 2016-09-12 2018-03-15 Mauser-Werke Gmbh pallet container
WO2018046131A1 (en) 2016-09-12 2018-03-15 Mauser-Werke Gmbh Pallet container
RU2744871C2 (en) * 2016-09-12 2021-03-16 Маузер-Верке Гмбх Pallet container
DE102016010889B4 (en) * 2016-09-12 2021-06-02 Mauser-Werke Gmbh Pallet container
US11078002B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2021-08-03 Mauser-Werke Gmbh Pallet container

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NO982375D0 (en) 1998-05-26
JP3617769B2 (en) 2005-02-09
MY117403A (en) 2004-06-30
BR9801701A (en) 1999-09-14
DE59805155D1 (en) 2002-09-19
DE19722194C2 (en) 1999-03-18
PL326481A1 (en) 1998-12-07
AU6804798A (en) 1998-12-03
CN1204613A (en) 1999-01-13
DE19722194A1 (en) 1998-12-03
CN1077075C (en) 2002-01-02
EP0881161B1 (en) 2002-08-14
HK1016948A1 (en) 1999-11-12
RU2197418C2 (en) 2003-01-27
JPH10329836A (en) 1998-12-15
US5979685A (en) 1999-11-09
ES2178075T3 (en) 2002-12-16
NO982375L (en) 1998-11-30
AR008343A1 (en) 1999-12-29
DK0881161T3 (en) 2002-12-09
AU722967B2 (en) 2000-08-17

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