Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
  • A61K31/4166—1,3-Diazoles having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. phenytoin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis

Definitions

• Atherosclerosis is the process of accumulation of cholesterol within the arterial wall which results in the occlusion, or stenosis, of coronary and cerebral arterial vessels and subsequent myocardial infarction and stroke.
• Angiographical studies have shown that elevated level of some HDL particles in humans appears to be correlated to a decreased number of sites of stenosis in the coronary arteries of humans (Miller et al. Br. Med. J .. 282 (1981) 1741 -1744).
• HDL cardiovascular disease
• HDL may serve as a reservoir in the circulation for apoproteins necessary for the rapid metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (Grow and Fried, J. Biol. Chem.. 253 (1978) 1834-1841; Lagocki and Scanu, J. Biol. Chem.. 255 (1980) 3701-3706; Schaefer et al, J. Lipid Res.. 23 (1982)
• agents which increase HDL cholesterol concentrations are useful as anti-atherosclerotic agents, particularly in the treatment of dyslipoproteinemias and coronary heart disease.
• R ' is cyano, nitro or halogen; R ⁇ is trifiuoromethyl or halogen; X is oxygen or sulfur; Y is oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen and R ⁇ is hydrogen or a vast variety of organic groups.
• WO 94/20460 discloses a genus of compounds of formula (A-Il) as angiotensin-Il receptor antagonists, useful for the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal failure and glaucoma.
• HET represents numerous heterocycles, one of which is an i ⁇ -idazolidinone (A-III) in which R ⁇ may be an 2-8 C alkylthio group among other things.
• R ⁇ 2 is a 3-4 membered polymethylene (spiro) group.
• R is phenyl or phenyl optionally substituted with one or more groups the same or different selected from halogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl of 1 to
• the pharmaceutically acceptable salts are those derived from such organic and inorganic acids as: acetic, lactic, citric, tartaric, succinic, maleic, malonic, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, phosphoric, nitric, sulfuric, methanesulfonic, and similarly known acceptable acids.
• alkyl and alkoxy as used as a group or part of a group means a straight chain or branched chain, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, hexyloxy, and the like.
• halogen are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
• aryl as a group or part of a group such as arylalkyl or aroyl are phenyl and naphthyl.
• alkanoyloxy as a group or part of a group are acetoxy, propanoyloxy or butanoyloxy.
• R is phenyl or phenyl optionally substituted with one or more groups the same or different selected from halogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, perfluoromethyl, alkoxy of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, perfluoromethoxy, hydroxy or alkanoyloxy of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or arylalkyl or 7 to 9 carbon atoms; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• This invention also provides processes for preparing the compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which processes comprise:
• R is as defined above with methyl iodide to give a corresponding compound of formula I wherein R3 is methyl, or
• (B) can be prepared by alkylation of 2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-ones (A) with methyl iodide. The reaction proceeds in poor yield. The product is difficult to purify as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. The alkylation has not been successfully carried out with alkyl iodides larger than methyl.
• an amino acid amide hydrochloride (1) is converted to the base (2) with sodium methoxide in methanol.
• An appropriate isothiocyanate is added at room temperature to the amino acid amide in chloroform or methylene chloride. The mixture is heated to reflux, then heating is discontinued and stirring is continued for 20 minutes to 3 hours.
• the thiourea-amide (3) is isolated by standard procedures. In an altemative procedure, (3) can be obtained from the amino acid amide hydrochloride (1 ). In this procedure, ( 1 ) is reacted with an isothiocyanate in the presence of a base such as ⁇ -iethylamine.
• the thiourea-amide (3) is reacted with two equivalents of alkyl halide (or aryl halide) in ethanol at reflux for 2 to 5 hours.
• the ammonia that forms during cyclization effectively scavenges the hydrohalide formed during alkylation, allowing the title compounds (4) to be isolated as the free base.
• Desired salts can be prepared by standard methods.
• This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutical salt thereof either alone or in combination with excipients (i.e. pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or materials with no pharmacological effects).
• excipients i.e. pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or materials with no pharmacological effects.
• Such compositions are useful in the treatment of atherosclerotic conditions such as dyslipoproteinemias and coronary heart disease, in that they increase the blood serum high density lipoprotein concentration of mammals treated with the compounds.
• the precise dosage to be employed depends upon several factors including the host, whether in veterinary medicine or human medicine, the nature and severity of the -8-
• the compounds may be administered by any conventional route, in particular enterally, preferably orally in the form of tablets or capsules.
• Administered compounds can be in the free form or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form as appropriate, for use as a pharmaceutical, particularly for use in the prophylactic or curative treatment of atherosclerosis and sequelae (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, heart failure, kidney failure stroke, peripheral arterial occlusion, and related disease states). These measures will slow the rate of progress of the disease state and assist the body in reversing the process direction in a natural manner.
• the carrier may be a solid, liquid or mixture of a solid and a liquid.
• Solid compositions include powders, tablets and capsules.
• a solid carrier can be one or more substances which may also act as a flavoring agent, lubricant, solubilizer, suspending agent, binder, or tablet disintegrant.
• the carrier is a finely divided solid which is in admixture with the finely divided active ingredient.
• the active ingredient is mixed with a carrier having the necessary binding properties in suitable proportions and compacted in the shape and size desired.
• Suitable solid carriers are magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, talc, sugar, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, tragacanth, methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a low melting wax, cocoa butter, and the like.
• Encapsulating materials may also be employed with the compounds of this invention, and the term "composition" is intended to include the active ingredient in combination with an encapsulating material as a formulation, with or without other carriers. Cachets may also be used in the delivery of the anti-atherosclerotic medicament of this invention.
• Sterile liquid compositions include solutions, suspensions, emulsions, syrups and elixirs.
• the compounds of this invention may be dissolved or suspended in the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, such as sterile water, sterile organic solvent or a mixture of both.
• the liquid carrier is one suitable for parental injection.
• the compounds are sufficiently soluble they can be dissolved directly in normal saline with or without the use of suitable organic solvents , such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
• suitable organic solvents such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
• dispersions of the finely divided compounds can be made-up in aqueous starch or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, or in a suitable oil, such as arachis oil.
• Liquid pharmaceuucal compositions which are sterile solutions or suspensions can be utilized by intramuscular, intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection. In many instances a liquid composition form may be used instead of the preferred solid oral method of administration
• unit dosage forms of the compounds for standard administration regimens
• the composition can be subdivided readily into smaller doses at the physicians direction
• unit dosages may be made up in packeted powders, vials or ampoules and preferably in capsule or tablet form.
• the ac ⁇ ve compound present in these unit dosage forms of the composition may be present in an amount of from about one gram to about fifteen grams or more, for single or mulnple daily administration, according to the particular need of the panent
• the daily dose of ac ⁇ ve compound will vary depending upon the route of administration, the size, age and sex of the patient, the severity of the disease state, and the response to the therapy as traced by blood analysis and the patients recovery rate
• the blood levels of HDL and the patients symptomatic relief analysis may be used to determine whether a larger dose is indicated
• the projected daily dose for both human and veterinary use will be hom about 10 to about 200 milligrams/kilogram per day However, in general, satisfactory results are indicated to be obtained at daily dosages in the range of from 400 milligrams to about 2000 milligrams, conveniently administered in divided doses two to four times a day
• Test substances Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-225 g are housed two per cage and fed Purina Rodent Chow Special Mix 5001-S supplemented with 0 25 % cholic acid and 1.0 % cholesterol and water ad libitum for 8 days Each test substance is administered to a group of six rats led the same diet with the test diet mixed in as 0.005 - 0.1 % of the total diet. Body weight and food consumption are recorded p ⁇ or to diet administration and at tennination Typical doses of the test substances are 5 - 100 mg kg/day At termination, blood is collected from anesthetized rats and the serum is separated by centrifugation.
• Total serum cholesterol is assayed using the Sigma Diagnostics enzymatic kit for the determination of cholesterol, Sigma Procedure No. 352, modified for use with ninety-six well microtiter plates. After reconstitution with water the reagent contains 300 U/l cholesterol oxidase, 100 U/l cholesterol esterase, 1000 U/l horse radish peroxidase, 0.3 mmoles/1 4-aminoant ⁇ py ⁇ ne and 30.0 mmoles 1 p-hydroxybenzenesulfonate in a pH 6.5 buffer. In the reaction cholesterol is oxidized to produce hydrogen peroxide which is used to form a quinoneimine dye. The concentra ⁇ on of dye formed is measured spectrophotometrically by absorbance at 490 nm after incubation at 25 °C for 30 minutes The concentration of cholesterol was determined for each serum sample relative to a commercial standard from Sigma.
• HDL cholesterol concentrations in serum are deter ined by separation of lipoprotein classes by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) by a modification of the method of Kieft et al., J. Lipid Res . 32 ( 19 1 ) 859-866. 25 ul of serum is injected onto Superose 12 and Superose 6 (Pharmacia), in series, with a column buffer of 0.05
• the eluted sample is mixed on line with Boehringer-Mannheim cholesterol reagent pumped at 0.2 ml/min
• the combined eluents are mixed and incubated on line through a knitted coil (Applied Biosciences) maintained at a temperature of 45C.
• the eluent is monitored by measuring absorbance at 490 nm and gives a continuous absorbance signal proportional to the cholesterol concentration.
• the relative concentration of each lipoprotein class is calculated as the per cent of total absorbance.
• HDL cholesterol concentration, in serum is calculated as the per cent of total cholesterol as determined by FPLC multiplied by the total serum cholesterol concentration.
• the compounds of the present invention increase HDL cholesterol concentrations as summarized in Table I Table I
• 2-[3-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)-thioureido]-acetamide was prepared by the procedure described in Example 2 using 40.8 g of 2,6-dichlorophenyl-isothiocyanate and 29.6 g of glycinamide. The product was obtained (54 g) as a solid, m.p. 189-191°
• the title compound was prepared by the piocedure described in Example 6 using 11.2 g of 2-[3-(2-tolyl)-th ⁇ oure ⁇ doJ-acetam ⁇ de and 15.6 g of ethyl iodide. Crystallizauon from ethyl acetate affoided the hydrochloride salt of the title compound as a white solid (6.8 g), m p. 156-158° C (dec ) Anal Calcd. for. Cn H14 N2 O S .
• the title compound was prepared by the procedure descnbed in Example 6 using 12 9 g of 2-[3-(2-chlo ⁇ o-6-meth) lphen) l)-th ⁇ o ⁇ ne ⁇ do]-acetam ⁇ de, and 18 0 g of ethyl iodide
• the hydiochlo ⁇ de salt w as piepared in etheieal hydrogen chloride. Crystallization from ethyl acetate aftoided the title compound as the mono- hydrochlonde as a light yellow solid (4 9 g), m p 152- 154° C (dec ) Anal Calcd for.
• the title compound was prepared b ⁇ the pioceduie described in Example 6 using 12 0 g of 2-[3-(3-chloro-2-methylphen> l)-th ⁇ o ⁇ re ⁇ do]-acetam ⁇ de, and 25.0 g of ethyl iodide
• the hydrochloride salt w as prepared in ethereal hydrogen chloride. Crystallization from ethyl acetate atioided the title compound as a white solid, mono- hydrochloride (5 1 g), m.p. 161- 163° C (dec ) Anal Calcd foi C 12 H 1 3 Cl N2 O S .
• the title compound was prepared by the procedure described in Example 6 using 18.0 g of 2-[3-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-thioureido]-acetamide, and 25.0 g of ethyl iodide.
• the hydrochloride salt was prepared in ethereal hydrogen chloride. Crystallization from ethyl acetate afforded the title compound as an off-white solid, mono-hydrochloride (17.6 g), m.p. 166-168° C (dec).

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• 1996
  • 1996-11-25 WO PCT/US1996/019108 patent/WO1997019931A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-11-25 AU AU10634/97A patent/AU1063497A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-11-25 EP EP96941513A patent/EP0876354A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1996-11-25 JP JP09520711A patent/JP2000514401A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-11-25 CA CA002238812A patent/CA2238812A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-11-27 AR ARP960105365A patent/AR004781A1/es unknown

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