EP0866022A2 - Testing apparatus and - method - Google Patents

Abstract

The test arrangement (2) tests functions of at least one component of a conveyor system comprising several components, especially a rotating tower crane. The arrangement comprises at least one connection (3) for connecting the at least one component, test devices for testing the functions of respectively different designs of the individual components. The arrangement includes a control device for the control and supervision of the testing of the functions, to simulate the control of the entire system, whereby the arrangement may test the cooperation of several components of the total system.

Description

The invention relates to a test device according to claim 1 and a test method according to claim 24.

In the field of conveyor technology that move with of goods and people in any direction and over limited distance deals are complex systems like e.g. Tower cranes, open-cast excavators or rides Fairs, where individual components (drives, Brakes, clutches, control devices, winches etc.) or the interaction of the components the actual Make the function of the overall system possible.

The function of the overall conveyor system its destination must be guaranteed before installation a functional test of the overall system at the destination be performed. This is particularly the case with Tower cranes are important because the components (e.g. Lifting frame with machine set, driver's cab etc.) one Tower cranes for a specific construction site be put together in an overall system. Problematic is that even the components of a crane manufacturer are not always compatible with each other.

EP 0 470 289 A1 describes a test device for implementation of maintenance work or functional tests on one Crane system that has a variety of components (for example Motors, converters, switching and control devices), known. The functions to be tested and monitored of the components are controlled by a central electronic Diagnostic device on measurable quantities, such as current and Voltage, as well as from some predetermined control signals calculated, monitored and tested. When an occurring A defect is output by the diagnostic device.

However, the known device has the disadvantage that the entire crane system, i.e. all components used, for example in the workshop of a manufacturer or Plant landlord must be built. Furthermore are used to calculate the correct function of the Components used only a few, predetermined control signals. The function of a component can therefore be wrong be calculated that it is due to the incorrect function calculation complete failures of the crane system can possibly even lead to accidents, in which also Injuries.

DE 195 23 483 A1 describes a computer-aided fault diagnosis device known for a motor vehicle. The facility has a diagnostic process preparation level, in which a knowledge base with a structural model, an impact model and an error model is stored, and a diagnostic execution level. The diagnostic execution level is provided by the diagnostic workflow stage provided a diagnostic program. Faults in the individual parts or components are reported at Sequence of the specified program determined. Furthermore it is intended to control individual components of the vehicle, so the motor vehicle in a very specific condition to move.

This fault diagnosis device is so complicated structured that a lot of effort for deployment the fault diagnosis device is required. Furthermore is the well-known fault diagnosis device only at a complete composite conveyor system (Motor vehicle, motor vehicle engine) applicable.

The present invention has for its object a To provide an apparatus and a method by means of which functions of components of an overall conveyor system, especially a tower crane, can be checked safely are without the components of the overall system on one Place must exist together.

This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1 and a method with the Features of claim 24 solved.

The test device according to the invention has at least one Connection to which a component of a conveyor Complete system, in particular a tower crane, for a functional test can be connected. Under a component an aggregate is understood here, the electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function essential for the function of the overall system.

Furthermore, the test device has test equipment, with which functions of different designs Component (e.g. 30kW, 40kW or 50kW drive) can be checked are. The test equipment consists in particular of electrical Circuits and associated software with which the Components of the overall system can be specifically controlled (e.g. On-off, switching gears, setting the Speed for frequency converter drives) without the entire conveyor system for this must be assembled got to.

This means that one and the same test device can not only Check functions of a particular component, but components in different versions (designs) can be used for various functional tests on the test device be connected; the test device thus a universal test bench for components in conveyor technology Complete systems.

The test device also has control means with which the functional test of at least one connected Component can be controlled and monitored.

The test device according to the invention can thus perform a functional test perform at least one component, without the entire system being completely assembled in one place have to be. The test device simulates one internally Control or a control station of the conveyor technology Overall system with which the functions of essential components can be checked. This eliminates the construction costs of the overall system, which for one Trial run would have occurred.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention The test equipment enables the test equipment to perform a functional test perform several components of the overall system, their interplay can also be checked. There it for safe and permanent operation of the conveyor technology Overall system precisely on the interaction of the Component arrives, this test is special Meaning.

In an advantageous embodiment, the test equipment the test device for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical functional testing of components can be used, those of particular importance in overall conveyor systems Significance are, namely brakes, drives, clutches, gears, Control panels, radio remote controls and / or electrical Switchgear. So that is the test device flexibly executed that a full review of the most important functions of the overall system is possible.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the Test equipment of the test device an electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test of a continuously working electrical drive with frequency converter possible. This is the test device according to the invention so flexible that this too, has only recently become available in the Conveyor technology used, drives can be checked.

The test device according to the invention is also advantageous a programmable logic controller (PLC) for monitoring, Documentation and / or control of the functions of the Test device equipped. This allows the functions the test device easily the respective test conditions to adjust. The PLC also allows documentation an examination so that e.g. by comparing the test results Errors in series of components easily can be recognized.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention Test device has these handling means (e.g. joysticks) for the manual execution of a functional test the at least one connected to the test device Component on. These funds correspond the facilities that are also used to control the real overall system can be used. So is a Relearning the operating personnel of the test device to a new control is not necessary. Also for training purposes it makes sense to use the handling equipment of the testing device to make it as realistic as possible.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Control device are used for automatic control means Execution of predeterminable functional tests and / or endurance tests of the at least one the test device connected component. Through the Automation of functional tests can be a variety of individual tests in succession or carried out simultaneously become, which saves a considerable amount of time leads. In addition, function checks are carried out automatically a reproducible functional test for a Series of identical components.

The testing device according to the invention has a particular advantage Detector means for the automatic detection of a Component connected to the tester is. This means that the components to be connected do not have to individually identified by the operator of the test device but plugging into a connector the tester indicates that a component of a certain type is connected. This will e.g. within the tester specified that only certain Functional tests can be carried out (e.g. a connected one 3-speed gearbox cannot be tested with five gears will). Automatic detection of the connected components leads to a simplification of the functional test and prevents errors during the functional test.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the testing device according to the invention storage means, in particular a computer for storing electronic circuit diagrams, Operating manuals or other working documents for at least one component of the overall system. The On-line availability of these documents enables quick and efficient determination of a possibly occurring Error and its correction.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention Test device has input means for the input of Control commands, output means for display and / or for Print out test reports and / or test results. Due to the possibility of commands, for example via a keyboard or to enter a switch is the test device flexibly controllable. A display allows the operator of the Test device a check of his inputs and a Sighting of the incoming test results. For a permanent Documentation can print out complete test reports will.

The testing device according to the invention has a particular advantage Computing equipment for creating error statistics which is determined on the basis of the test results. In order to can e.g. reliable statements about the reliability of various Components are obtained.

An advantageous embodiment of the test device according to the invention has a connection for remote data transmission and / or storage means for data storage, in particular a floppy drive. This enables the test results can be transferred to other computers or a remote control be performed by an external computer.

Are particularly advantageous in an inventive Test device simultaneously two or more functional tests the components connected to the test fixture feasible. This is therefore of particular importance since the proper functioning of the conveyor technology Entire system often only in the interaction of e.g. Drive, brake, transmission and control result. By a coordinated testing of the components in interaction carry out a more realistic functional test, without the overall conveyor system on one Place needs to be assembled.

In a likewise advantageous embodiment, the testing device according to the invention via acoustic and / or optical warning devices to indicate dangers during the functional test. As for the overall conveyor systems usually large currents (e.g. on drives) and forces (e.g. on rope pulleys) must occur during the functional test great care has been taken with regard to safety will. The warning devices turn everyone on a functional test on the respective status the function test, so that the risk of Accidents is minimized.

A test device according to the invention advantageously has laboratory connections to connect external power consumers. These connections are beneficial when a component to be tested for which none in the test device special test is provided. By providing the most common voltage and Current types directly on the test device are not required external transformers or other power sources since the corresponding components at least the right current can get directly from the test fixture.

It is advantageous if the test device according to the invention can be arranged in a transportable container because so without difficulties on site, e.g. on a large construction site, Tests on components of an overall conveyor system can be made.

The test equipment of the invention is particularly advantageous Test device for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical functional test of a machine set, especially the hoist components (brake, drive, Coupling, gearbox, rope pulley) of a tower crane can be used. These components of the tower crane are crucial Significance for the lifting function of the tower crane and are subjected to particularly hard loads during operation.

In a likewise advantageous embodiment of the invention The test equipment is used for the test device electrical, electronic and / or mechanical functional test of a trolley carriage of a tower crane. This The drive for the horizontal movement is one on the tower crane hanging load responsible. A mistake in this Drive leads to an almost complete ineffectiveness of the Overall system, so a careful review is necessary is.

In a likewise advantageous embodiment of the invention The test equipment is used for the test device electrical, electronic and / or mechanical functional test a control panel of a tower crane operator's cab. All are on the control panel of the tower crane Functions of the tower crane controllable. For the flawless If the tower crane is functioning, it is therefore necessary that a crane operator relies on the control of his crane can leave. For this reason it is necessary that the Functions of the control panel before the actual commissioning of the tower crane at the destination.

The test equipment of the invention is particularly advantageous Test device for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test of relays, contactors, Resistors and / or circuit breakers of a tower crane suitable. These electrical or electromechanical Components are particularly prone to failure, so that a check is of particular importance.

The testing means of a further advantageous embodiment the test device according to the invention are used for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test of radio remote control systems and / or connection cables for Radio remote control systems of a tower crane. Radio remote control systems are mainly used in tower cranes without a driver's cab used. Due to the complexity of the radio remote control systems and the connection cables required for this are only mistakes difficult to locate. so that a functional test of this Components is of great importance.

The test equipment of the invention advantageously serves Test device for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test and / or for implementation a trolley and / or hoist rope change one Tower crane. A rope change for tower cranes is on only with the respective matching drives, Couplings etc. possible. The test device can, however different components of the tower crane work together, so that a rope change is possible in a simple manner.

The testing device according to the invention has a particular advantage two or more connections for different Components of a tower crane, especially different ones Machine sets and / or cabins. There right now the interaction of several components in tower cranes, such as drives, couplings, gears etc. of special Significance for the functionality of the overall system is important is the different components of the tower crane not only individually, but also in context be checked. It is only necessary that bring required components to one place; the overall system does not have to be set up completely.

With a test method according to the invention for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test at least one component one of several components existing overall conveyor system, in particular errors of a tower crane can be determined before the entire system is installed at its destination. A test device is used for the test method according to the invention used with at least one component is connected. Then the functional test of the at least one component using the test equipment of Test device carried out. The functional test can be done manually (i.e. by interactive input from an operator) or automatically (i.e. through a saved test program) be performed. The control of the conveyor technology The entire system is simulated internally here. The Results of the functional test are recorded in a test report summarizes.

Fig. 1

eine Darstellung eines Turmdrehkrans;

Fig. 2

eine Darstellung eines Hubrahmens des Turmdrehkrans mit einem Maschinensatz;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung der Prüfvorrichtung und der daran angeschlossenen Komponenten des Turmdrehkrans;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer Bedienkonsole der Prüfvorrichtung des Turmdrehkrans;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Teilansicht der Bedienkonsole für die Funktionsprüfung einer Turmdrehkransteuerung;

Fig. 6a, 6b

Seitenansichten der Prüfvorrichtung mit Anschlüssen für zu prüfende Komponenten.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures of the drawings using several exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

an illustration of a tower crane;

Fig. 2

an illustration of a lifting frame of the tower crane with a machine set;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the test device and the components connected to it of the tower crane;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of an operating console of the test device of the tower crane;

Fig. 5

a schematic partial view of the control console for the functional test of a tower crane control;

6a, 6b

Side views of the test device with connections for components to be tested.

All components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 (drives clutches, brakes, gears, Controls etc.) or described functions (motion control, Overload protection etc.) come in complex, overall conveyor systems, e.g. Cranes, open-cast excavators or fairground rides. Hereinafter However, the invention is only based on a tower crane exemplified. These embodiments the invention can be easily applied to others Transfer overall conveyor systems.

In Fig. 1 the view of a tower crane 11 is shown. In addition to the load-bearing crane tower 56 and the jib 55, the tower crane 11 has some components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 on the function of the Tower crane 11 are essential.

A machine set 57 is arranged on a lifting frame 50, the drive units, brakes, gears, clutches and Control devices of the tower crane 11 contains (see Fig. 2 for a more detailed representation). From the machine set 57 runs a hoist rope 51 over the top of the tower 58 and the boom 55 to trolley 52. The lifting rope 51 is used to a load 53 in hanging under the trolley 52 to move vertically. The trolley 52 is about Ropes, not shown here, along the boom 55 emotional.

A driver's cab 54 is arranged below the top of the tower 58, of which in particular the fundamentally possible Movements of the tower crane 11 (rotating about vertical axis, Driving on the ground, lifting the load 53, moving the trolley 52) are controllable. There is a for each of these types of movement separate drive available.

Furthermore, other electrical, electronic and mechanical functions of the tower crane, e.g. a Overload protection of the stability and the hoist drive 40, monitored from the driver's cab 54.

Of particular importance for the function of the tower crane 11 is the interaction of the control of the driver's cab 54 and the machine set 57 in the lifting frame 50.

2 is a schematic view of a lifting frame 50 a tower crane 11 with various arranged thereon Components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 of the machine set 57 shown.

The machine set 57 has i.a. the task of a rope drum 43 to turn or brake, on which the hoist rope 51st can be wound up or from which the lifting rope 51 can be unwound. In this case, a pole-changing three-phase asynchronous motor is used used with slip ring rotor. This Motors are preferred for tower cranes 11 with powers used from 30 kW. The hoist drive 40 is there connected to an eddy current brake 39, via which the Lifting speed is reduced in a ratio of 10: 1.

In an alternative embodiment, the hoist drive is 40 as a three-phase asynchronous motor with frequency converter control educated. In this type of engine there is one stepless speed adjustment possible, so that the lifting and lowering the load can be done continuously. This kind of The main advantage of the drive is that loads 53 are jerk-free to be able to raise or lower.

The drive or braking power of the hoist drive 40 is transmitted to a gear 42 via a clutch 41. The transmission 42 in turn transmits the power to the Rope drum 43. The lifting and lowering of the lifting rope 51 is when using a pole-changing three-phase asynchronous motor with slip ring rotor in different, discrete Performance levels (gears) possible.

A switch system 44 for controlling the components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 of the machine set 57 is in one Control cabinet housed. In particular are in this Control cabinet relays, contactors and resistors arranged. The switch system 44 is operated via the driver's cab 54.

The resistors are due to the large amount of heat often in a separate resistance cabinet housed. Because of the heat development, the temperature measured in the switch cabinet or resistance cabinet. A regulation controls depending on the temperature measurements ventilation of the switch or resistance cabinet.

During a functional test of these components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 of the machine set 57 occurs in particular the interaction of components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 and the control in the driver's cab 54.

With a test device 2 according to the invention Components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 both be checked individually as well as in interaction, without that the driver's cab 54 and a machine set 57 on one Need to be brought together.

In Fig. 3 is the principle of operation of the invention Test device 2 shown. The testing device 2 has a plurality of connections 3 to which different components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 one Machine set 57 or other components 45, 46, 47 of the Tower crane 11 via data lines 4a and power supply lines 4b can be connected.

The test device has test equipment, with each different designs of components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 (e.g. 3-, 4- or 5-speed gearbox) are testable. In contrast to a driver's cab 54, the only with very specific types of drives, Brakes, gears, clutches and controls work together can, the test device 2 has connections 3 and test equipment for different designs of different Components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47; the Test device 2 thus allows real-time simulation a universal driver's cab 54. With the test fixture 2, functions of a tower crane 11 can also be used simulate so that functions of the cab 54 itself is verifiable.

In the example shown, a hoist drive 40 including the associated brake 39 with the downstream Components clutch 41, gear 42 and cable drum 43 connected to the test device 2. In order to can all possible drive stages of the hoist drive 40 manually or automatically via a in the test device 2 stored test program can be simulated. A faulty one Function or poor stability of the hoist drive 40 can be determined before it reaches its destination the tower crane 11 is installed.

Furthermore, a trolley drive 45 is connected to the test device 2 connected, its function in an analogous manner how the hoist drive 40 can be checked.

A control panel 46 of a driver's cab 54 is also on the test device 2 connected. The test device 2 simulates various functions of a tower crane 11 by clicking on commands entered on the control panel 46 responds. E.g. a command for lifting a load 53 entered in a certain gear on the control panel 46, so must have the appropriate lamp for the gear of the hoist drive 40 light up on test device 2.

A radio remote control is checked in the same way 47 instead; here too the test device simulates 2 any type of tower crane required. Radio remote controls 47 are mainly used for cranes that do not have a driver's cab 54, but controlled from the ground will. To check the radio remote control also belongs a check of the connection cables of the radio remote control 47. The test device 2 automatically recognizes which one Type of connection cable is connected. Also the 24V or in some connecting cables 110V relays can be checked.

Since the testing device 2 for a large variety of various components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 is designed for the functional test certain configuration of components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 not always all connections 3 of the test device 2 occupied.

Thus all essential electrical, electronic and mechanical functions of the tower crane 11 from one Test device 2 can be checked without e.g. a certain driver's cab 54 with the matching components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 brought together in one place Need to become. Through the simultaneous Connection of various components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 to the test device 2 can still do so Interaction of the various components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 under realistic conditions being checked.

In Fig. 4 is a perspective example View of an operating console for the test device 2 with which the functional tests are carried out will. A typical design of such a test device 2 is 2m wide, 1.5m high and 1m deep. Especially is the test device 2 designed to be portable, so that it can be placed in a container so that a Function test e.g. on a construction site or the construction yard of a customer is possible.

The test device 2 has various operating and Display devices as well as data and energy connections which are described below.

On the vertical front of the test device 2 are the devices 60 for a system test are arranged on the left. The functions of these devices are shown in FIG. 5 presented in detail.

Inside the test device 2 is a not shown here Computer arranged of the test results processes and saves. The computer also has one Database on which the schematics of different Tower crane types are saved. Thus, a specific one Component (e.g. fuse, resistor, capacitor, etc.) within a component 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 can be determined quickly. Occurring during the exam Errors can be localized quickly using the database be resolved.

A screen 63 connected to the computer is used for Display of test results and for checking inputs on the test device 2.

A keyboard 73 is integrated in the test device 2, with the commands to a programmable logic controller (PLC) of the test device 2 can be entered. The SPS has a process computer.

With the PLC of the test device 2 automatic Functional tests and endurance tests of the connected Components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 performed will. In particular, those connected to the test device 2 connected components of the 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 tower crane 11 load profiles occurring in reality be subjected. So with an operating data acquisition real load profiles determined which are then directly connected to the test device 2 on the corresponding components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 of a tower crane 11 can be tested. Also endurance tests the connected to the test device 2 Components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 of Tower crane 11 are possible. Furthermore, the test device 2 also for training purposes for maintenance and operating personnel used by tower cranes 11.

Current indicators 68 are used to control the three phases of the Three-phase current, with which some components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 are driven. On a voltage display 69 the applied voltage is displayed.

All values measured in the course of a functional test (Voltages, currents, temperatures etc.) are together with the entered control commands on a not shown Storage unit stored and can be used in whole or in part displayed on the screen 63, on one in the floppy disk drive 76 diskette stored or on a printer 77 can be printed out. So there is always one complete protocol of a functional test. In the information printed or displayed in a log can be selected depending on the purpose. On the essentially horizontal part of the test fixture 2 is a test field 75 to the left of the keyboard 73 arranged for relays and contactors. Because of the flowing there high currents, this test field 75 is a special one closed lid covered. Are under the cover different connections for different designs of Relays and contactors arranged. With this test field 75 can the relays and contactors of the tower crane 11 with a control voltage of 24V and 110V on their switching function and switching capacity are checked.

In particular, endurance tests of relays and contactors can be carried out various realistic loads will. All switching cycles are recorded in the test report documented so that an exact error analysis and error statistics every component is possible.

Below the test field 75 there are two stepless ones actuable joysticks 74, which can be used as in the real Driver's cabin 53 connected to the test device 2 have the lifting and trolley trolleys operated. About in the Service menus saved can be controlled via the Joysticks 74 also change cables for a wide range of trolley drives 45 and lifting gear drives 40. This is made possible by the test device 2 simulated a universal driver's cab 53, and therefore not each to a trolley drive 45 or hoist drive 40 matching driver's cab 53 used must become.

To the right of the keyboard 73 is a keypad 71, with which a variety of functions can be checked, the displays of which are described in detail in FIG. 5. In particular, the overload contactors of the lifting gear drive 40, which are arranged in the control cabinet, checked will. The load 53 to be lifted, which leads to the shutdown, is simulated by the test desk.

The function of the brakes (e.g. wear of the brake pads) of trolley drive 45 and hoist drive 40, as well as the functions of the transmission 42 and the clutches 41 can be checked specifically.

Laboratory connections 78 are arranged above the button field 71, to which external electricity consumers can be connected. The following voltage levels can be tapped: 24V, 110V, 230V, 380V (three-phase current) and 400V. With three-phase power supply the direction of rotation adjustable so that e.g. connected Drives used both clockwise and clockwise can be. The laboratory connections are then special useful if a component 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 to be tested, for which no special test program is available. In this case, it is often enough components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 to connect a power supply to the functionality ascertain. By providing different Power sources are external transformers or similar. avoided.

An emergency stop switch 70 drives all connected components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 automatically into one intended safety position.

There are further safety devices on the test device 2 arranged, e.g. everyone present in a hall indicate that a functional test is taking place. A yellow one Lamp 64 indicates that a functional test has just been carried out (e.g. hoist drive is running). Lights one green lamp 65, this indicates that the test device 2 is ready for a functional test. Is a disturbance a red lamp 66 flashes. In addition, in the event of special faults, a horn 67 can be activated in order on special dangers or the operation of the Point out emergency stop switch 70.

On the right and on the left not visible in Fig. 4 Side of the test device 2 are connections 3 for components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 arranged. A detailed representation of these connections is in Fig. 6a, b reproduced.

The electrical arranged inside the test device 2 Circuits are through a door 72 and one is not here shown removable back wall easily accessible, so that Modifications or maintenance work are easily possible. The Circuits inside are modular, so that the Test device 2 quickly adapted to new tower crane types can be. The circuits and the associated Software together form the flexible test equipment which are both functional tests of various designs a component 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, as well as the functional test of the interaction of one Combination of components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 is possible.

5 is a schematic representation of part of the Control panel for a complete system test of the Tower crane 11 shown. In particular, here Functions of the trolley, slewing, lifting and running gear of the Tower crane subjected to an inspection. All in Fig. 5 elements shown are designed as lamp displays. The functionality of the light indicators themselves will checked with a lamp test switch 90.

By pressing the switch on the button field 71 the respective functions of those connected to the test device 2 Components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 (e.g. hoist drive starts to run at level 1) triggered will. However, if a certain function (e.g. Lift stage 2) on one connected to test device 2 Control panel 46 selected, the corresponding lights up Indicator lights up when the signal has been received. This Control elements of the test device 2 are in particular used for drives that do not operate continuously.

The steplessly working motors with frequency converter can also be checked with the individual indicator lights. Each frequency range with which e.g. a Drive is operated, assigned to a gear. Furthermore is also possible, the frequency currently applied to the motor or to display a characteristic field on the screen 63.

In the test device 2 shown in FIG Devices for testing the trolley and the rotating trolley arranged on the left. For trolley testing switches are provided on the button field 71, respectively with the indicator lights for four drive stages of a forward drive 81 of the trolley work together. After actuation of a switch (e.g. trolley gear 1 forward) of the keypad 71 lights up when the function is correct the corresponding indicator of forward driving 81 of the trolley. Switches are similar and indicator lights for four drive levels of a reverse drive 82 provided the trolley.

The different stages can be done manually by actuation the switch or as part of an automatic process Test program to be checked. In the same way you can five levels of left turn 82 and right turn 83 of the tower crane 11 selected via the joysticks 74 will. With the indicator 79, the function check the slewing gear brake.

To the right are the facilities for testing the lifting gear drive 40 and the landing gear for the horizontal Movement of the tower crane arranged. The Check the six down gears 84 and the six up gears 85 of the lifting gear drive 40 also via illuminated displays, on the actuation of switches on the keypad 71 respond. The drive for the forward gear 87 and the reverse gear 88 of the chassis drive checked. The dead man light indicator 89 is used Check the dead man's switch in the driver's cab 54.

Again on the right, there are illuminated indicators 91 with which further functions of the tower crane 11 can be checked. This enables the function of the emergency stop switch in the driver's cab Check 54. Also an on-off switch, a warning system, a wind clearance and an overdrive shift can be checked with these indicator lights 91. Of more can be done with the illuminated displays 91 functions Check the limit switch of the tower crane. These switches indicate whether a moving part of the crane, e.g. the trolley 52, at an end position of the permissible operating path has arrived. The functionality of the limit switches is for the operational safety of the tower crane 11 of great importance.

Also, the function of an auxiliary stroke drive, the is required for the assembly of the tower crane 11, the Function of electromagnetic clutches and switching Check from 2 to 4 string operation.

In an alternative embodiment, those in FIG. 5 Illuminated displays shown as keys, whose Actuation of the corresponding function of the tower crane 11 executes. If the function is correct, the corresponding one Illuminated button.

Overall, the test device 2 according to the invention allows thus a complete check of all functions of the Tower crane 11.

6a, 6b are the side parts of the test device 2 with the different connections 3 shown the components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 can each be connected. The connections 3 correspond thereby those who on the various lifting frames 50 of the Tower crane types are available. Also are on the side parts the power supply connections for the Test device 2.

6a shows a view of the left side of the test device 2 represents. In the upper part there are auxiliary unit connections 92 for temperature measuring devices, a printer interface and a power supply for an external Printer arranged.

Below that are different radio remote control connections 93 for various connection cables of radio remote control systems 47 arranged. The different radio remote control connections 93 are necessary because with the test fixture 2 radio remote control systems 47 different tower crane types and to be tested by different manufacturers and it there is no uniform standard for such connections.

Below the radio remote control connections 93 are power supply connections 94 for three-phase current and normal AC voltage arranged.

The left side of the test device 2 also has one PC-Card connection 95 to which an external computer, in particular a laptop can be connected. On such external computers can e.g. Schematics and interactive Operating manuals of tower crane types can be saved. It is also possible to test the functions of the test device 2 to control via the laptop. This is e.g. a remote control the functional test possible.

6b shows a view of the right side of the test device 2. In the upper part there are system control connections 96 arranged to which various components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 of the machine set 57 can be connected. Again, there is a variety of connections for the differently designed connectors required.

To the underlying trolley chassis connections 97 are different trolley drives for a functional test connectable.

The invention is not limited in its execution the preferred embodiments given above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable, which of the testing device according to the invention and the inventive Test procedure even with fundamentally different types Make use of the remarks.

Claims (24)

Test device (2) for performing an electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test at least one component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) one of several components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) overall conveyor system, in particular a tower crane (11), with at least one connection (3, 92, 93, 94, 95) for connecting the at least one component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47), the test device test equipment for functional testing different Designs of the individual components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) and control means for control and monitoring the functional test, to control the overall conveyor system to simulate. Test device according to claim 1 with test equipment for Functional test of the interaction of several components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) of the overall system. Test device according to claim 1 with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical Functional test of different designs Brake (39), a drive (40, 45), a clutch (41), a transmission (42), a control panel (46), a radio remote control (47) and / or one electrical switchgear (44). Test device according to claim 1 or 2 with test means for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical Functional test of a continuously working electric drive (40, 45) with frequency converter. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with a programmable logic controller Control (PLC) for monitoring, documentation and / or control of the functions of the test device (2). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with handling means (74) for manual execution of a functional test of the at least one connected to the test device (2) Component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with tax means for automatic Execution of predeterminable functional tests and / or endurance tests of at least one connected to the test device (2) Component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with detection means for automatic Detection of a component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) connected to the test device (2) connected. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with storage means, in particular a computer for storing electronic Circuit diagrams, operating manuals or other working documents for at least one component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) of the overall system. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with input-output means (64, 71, 73, 76, 77) for entering control commands, for Display and / or printout of test reports and / or exam results. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with computing resources for creation an error statistic based on the test results. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with a connection (95) for remote data transmission and / or storage means for data storage, especially a floppy disk drive (76). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, where two or several functional tests on the test device (2) connected components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) can be carried out. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with at least one acoustic and / or optical warning device (64, 65, 66, 67) to indicate dangers during the functional test. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, with laboratory connections (78) for connection external electricity consumer. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, wherein the testing device in a transportable container can be arranged. Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test a machine set (57), in particular the Hoist units (39, 40, 41, 42, 43) of a tower crane (11). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test a trolley drive (45) of a tower crane (11). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test a control panel (46) of a driver's cabin (53) of a tower crane (11). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test of relays, contactors, resistors and / or Circuit breakers of a tower crane (11). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test of radio remote control systems (47) and / or connection cables for radio remote control systems (47) one Tower crane (11). Test device according to at least one of the preceding Claims with test equipment for electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test and / or to carry out a trolley and / or changing the hoisting rope of a tower crane (11). Test device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by two or more connections (3, 92, 93, 94, 95) for different components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) of a tower crane (11 ), in particular different machine sets (57) and / or driver cabins (54), the interaction of the individual components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) being verifiable. Test methods for an electrical, electronic and / or mechanical function test at least a component (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) one of several components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) existing conveyor technology Overall system, especially a tower crane (11), the components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) connected to a test device (2) then manually or automatically the functional test of the individual components (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47) with test equipment the test device (2) by simulation the control of the overall conveyor system is carried out and the results of the functional test be documented in a test report.

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