EP0855490A2 - Drilling apparatus and downhole torque generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A drill string (13) for making boreholes is driven with a drill (14) fixed to it. A pump (11) feeds a liquid flow along a line (12) to the drilling tool. In this new configuration, the pump has a flexible tube (15) fixed to the drill string, around which it is held in part-circular form, at constant spacing. The pump stator (30) is held against rotation against the wall of the borehole, as the drill string rotates relatively to it. The stator has an arm (32) extending radially, located between string and the flexible tube. This locally squeezes and runs over the tube as string and tube rotate together. Also claimed is the corresponding support which transfers torque from a drilling unit to the walls of a borehole. This support has a base with a central opening and bearing through which passes the drill string. At least three holders range radially from the base. These holders have rollers at their ends, rotating perpendicular to the drill string axis and tangential to its direction of rotation. A compression device pushes the holders radially out from the base.

Description

The invention relates to a drilling device for manufacturing of earth bores according to the preamble of claim 1. Die The invention further relates to a torque arm for a Drilling device for tapping a torque on a location of a drill string distant from a drilling tool in an earth hole.

In the production of boreholes and core bores, in particular using a roller chisel as a drilling tool, it is necessary to solve the soil in question To constantly clean drilling tools from the cuttings, this to be transported away from the bottom of the borehole and thus an optimal one Allow drilling progress.

For this purpose, it is known to use the drilling head with the drilling tools either directly with air or a flushing liquid or indirectly by means of air lifting or suction drilling rinse free. The air or the flushing liquid are in a channel along the drill string in a hose from the working level to the bottom of the borehole. Via a flushing head on the external rotary drive the different relative movement between the standing pump or a compressor and the rotating Drill string overcome in the drilling tool.

These known drilling devices for making earth bores thus have a drill string, a non-rotatable attached drilling tool, a drive for rotating Driving the drill string, a pumping device and a fluid line, which extends from the pumping device extends to the drilling tool to by means of the pump device to generate a fluid flow on the drilling tool.

With such a drilling device, it is disadvantageous that the flushing medium under pressure via a flushing head to the drilling tool must be transported. You can use the flushing head Tightness problems and a corresponding pressure loss occur. In addition, drilling equipment for intermittent Drilling processes, such as Kelly drilling, are labor intensive Installation and removal of the flushing lines with every drilling cycle necessary.

The invention has for its object to provide a drilling device with which a simple and energy-saving removal of cuttings from the drilling tool is made possible. It is a further object to provide a torque support for a drilling device, by means of which a torque for driving an auxiliary unit can be tapped from a drill string in an earth borehole.

The first part of the task is accomplished according to the invention a drilling device with the characterizing features of Claim 1 solved.

• daß die Pumpeinrichtung einen Schlauch aufweist, der drehfest am Bohrstrang gehaltert ist und um diesen zumindest teilkreisförmig herum in einem konstanten Abstand angeordnet ist,
• daß ein Pumpenstator vorgesehen ist, der einerseits um den Bohrstrang drehbar gelagert und andererseits gegenüber einer Wandung der Erdbohrung drehfest abgestützt ist,
• daß der Pumpenstator einen sich radial zum Bohrstrang erstreckenden Statorarm aufweist, der zwischen dem Bohrstrang und dem Schlauch angeordnet ist, und
• daß der Statorarm bereichsweise am Schlauch quetschend anliegt, wobei der Statorarm bei mit dem Bohrstrang rotierendem Schlauch diesen überstreicht.

According to the invention,

• that the pump device has a hose which is held in a rotationally fixed manner on the drill string and is arranged at a constant distance around it at least in part-circle fashion,
• that a pump stator is provided which, on the one hand, is rotatably supported about the drill string and, on the other hand, is rotatably supported with respect to a wall of the earth borehole,
• that the pump stator has a radially extending to the drill string stator arm which is arranged between the drill string and the hose, and
• that the stator arm rests in a squeezing manner on the tube, the stator arm sweeping over the tube when the tube is rotating.

According to a basic idea of the invention, a simple one Peristaltic pump installed behind the drilling tool in the borehole. The pump is activated by the rotation of the drill string, for example a Kelly rod. The pump device has a hose which is on the drill string attached non-rotatably via a suitable holding device is. The hose rotates with the drill string and forms a rotor of the pump device. With rotation of the drill string, the hose runs to squeezing Stator arms of the stator over, which rotatably on the borehole wall is supported. Through the relative movement between the stator and the rotor when drilling creates a pumping action. Depending on the direction of rotation, a Pressure to flush the drilling tool or suction to Suction off the cuttings can be set.

While one hose end with one leading to the drilling tool The other hose end is connected to the fluid line in connection with a fluid reservoir, which at a simple version of surrounding air or flushing liquid can be. The hose end can also be used with an outside the well arranged container in line connection stand. In any case, the invention does not apply Drill an energy transfer from one additional fixed energy generator on the rotating Drilling tool.

A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the pump stator is axially fixed on the drill string is. The pump stator can thus as the drilling progresses follow the hose.

For particularly easy handling of the pump device it is provided that the pump stator is a torque arm has, which on the wall of the earth hole in the direction of rotation when drilling firmly and in the longitudinal direction of the The drill string is sliding. The pump stator can be so special simply mounted on the drill string and accordingly track the drilling progress with the drill string will.

With regard to sufficient dimensioning and The power of the pumping device is another Preferred embodiment of the drilling device according to the invention, that the drilling tool is a core drill pipe with a Has channel and that the hose and the channel to Form the fluid line are connected.

This makes particularly good drilling progress ensures that a container for Recording of rinsing liquid and cuttings is arranged and that a pipe between the container and a soil removal device is provided on the drilling tool. By this pipe can, for example, accumulate cuttings be sucked into the container, which when removing the Drilling tools are emptied from the drilled hole can. The container can also be used as a rinsing liquid reservoir be used.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention exists in that the stator arm squeezing the hose on its free end has a role around one to Longitudinal direction of the drill string parallel roller axis rotatable is stored. The role is wear on Hose due to the relative movement in relation to the stator arm largely avoided.

For uniform pressure generation, it is provided that the pump stator has several stator arms distributed uniformly over its circumference. In particular two, in each 180 ^o angle arranged stator arms are provided.

In another embodiment of the invention it is advantageous that several pumping devices on the drill string are arranged. Here are several hoses and several Stator arms arranged one behind the other in the axial direction. By multiple pumping devices can even be a relatively high one Pump capacity can be set. Several can do this Hoses placed on top of one another on a common carrier as a rotor will.

• einem Grundkörper, der eine mittig angeordnete Öffnung zum Durchführen des Bohrstranges aufweist,
• einer Lagereinrichtung an der Öffnung zum drehbaren Lagern des Grundkörpers am Bohrstrang,
• mindestens drei voneinander beabstandet am Grundkörper angeordneten Haltern, die sich radial zur Längsachse des durch die Öffnung hindurchzuführenden Bohrstranges vom Grundkörper weg erstrecken,
• mindestens einem Wälzkörper an jedem Halter, an dem der Wälzkörper um eine Achse drehbar gelagert ist, die jeweils senkrecht zur Längsachse des durch die Öffnung durchzuführenden Bohrstranges und tangential zu dessen Rotationsrichtung an den Haltern angeordnet sind, und
• einer Druckeinrichtung zum Erzeugen einer Druckkraft, welche die Halter mit den Wälzkörpern im wesentlichen radial nach außen vom Grundkörper weg drückt.

The second part of the object is achieved by a torque support for a drilling device for tapping off a torque at a location of a drill string in an earth borehole that is remote from a drilling tool

• a base body which has a centrally arranged opening for the passage of the drill string,
• a bearing device at the opening for rotatably supporting the base body on the drill string,
• at least three spaced apart holders on the base body, which extend radially to the longitudinal axis of the drill string to be passed through the opening away from the base body,
• at least one rolling element on each holder, on which the rolling element is rotatably mounted about an axis, which are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drill string to be passed through the opening and tangential to the direction of rotation thereof on the holders, and
• a pressure device for generating a compressive force which presses the holder with the rolling elements essentially radially outward away from the base body.

The torque arm according to the invention allows a division of the torque of a drill rod near the Point of action carried out in the production of earth bores will. By arranged on the drill string, however a torque arm resting relative to it can be a tap mechanical performance for any required Secondary drives or auxiliary units used can be. Such an auxiliary unit can in particular be a pump which is used to remove cuttings from the bottom of the borehole. The drive power of the drilling device or the turret in general greater than the power required for the drilling process. Therefore it is possible without changes to the device, for the Secondary drive required part of this power over the To transport the drill string to the active site.

Compared to conventional devices where one is needed Drive power in the form of electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic energy from somewhere outside the borehole is supplied to an auxiliary unit the torque arm according to the invention has clear advantages. This eliminates the complex form of energy transmission from a fixed energy generator to the rotating one Tool. Since further the torque arm according to the invention can be placed in the borehole behind the drilling tool, the problem of adjusting the length of the power line is eliminated when drilling progress, especially when drilling Kelly rods can be used.

For an adaptation to different drilling diameters is according to the invention provided that the holder opposite the Basic bodies are displaceable.

An automatic adjustment to fluctuations in diameter will achieved in one embodiment of the invention that the pressure device has a spring mechanism, which the holder with the rolling elements with a defined Compressive force against the wall of the borehole. The invention Torque arm is so by spring force constantly in contact with the cased or uncased Wall of the borehole held. Thanks to the radial feed stroke the rolling elements can differ in diameter, for example at the transition from the drill pipe to the outgoing one Hole to be compensated.

A preferred pivoting out of the holder is achieved that the holder on the base body around a bolt are pivotally mounted, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill string is directed.

This embodiment is preferred further developed that each holder a radially inward projecting lever arm and that between the lever arm and a compression spring is arranged on the base body, which the holder in its radially outer position presses. The torque transmission takes place according to the invention according to the principle of self-locking through friction in the circumferential direction. It differs from that known as a "freewheel" machine element in that in axial direction through the use of rolling elements none Self-locking starts. The pressure force of the compression spring is set the friction forces of the torque arm in the feed direction to keep as low as possible. For example when drilling with Kelly boring bars it becomes the oscillating one Movement when drilling hardly affected.

In a further embodiment according to the invention provided that a stop for each holder on the base body is provided, against which the holder rests during drilling. The stop thus fixes the holder in its position. When reversing the direction of rotation the drill string becomes one that is in contact with the stop Lever arm of the holder turned away from the stop, see above that the self-locking of the mechanism is released. Hereby becomes a drive, for example one Pump, only ensured in an admissible direction of rotation. In addition, in this embodiment, before the upward movement by briefly turning back the drill string the torque arm cannot be released from the tension.

For setting the maximum permissible diameter, on which the rolling elements can swing out is one according to the invention Torque arm further developed in that an adjustment device is provided on each stop, with which the deflection of the respective holder during drilling is adjustable.

Fig. 1

eine Querschnittsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Bohrvorrichtung in einer Erdbohrung;

Fig. 2

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem Schnitt A-A in Figur 1;

Fig. 3

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem Schnitt B-B in Figur 1;

Fig. 4

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem Schnitt C-C in Figur 1;

Fig. 5

eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Drehmomentstütze in einer Erdbohrung;

Fig. 6

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem Schnitt A-A in Figur 5; und

Fig. 7

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem Schnitt B-B in Fig. 5.

The invention is further explained on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments which are shown schematically in the drawings. The drawings show:

Fig. 1

a cross-sectional view of a drilling device according to the invention in an earth hole;

Fig. 2

a sectional view along section AA in Figure 1;

Fig. 3

a sectional view according to the section BB in Figure 1;

Fig. 4

a sectional view according to the section CC in Figure 1;

Fig. 5

a partially sectioned plan view of a torque arm according to the invention in an earth hole;

Fig. 6

a sectional view along the section AA in Figure 5; and

Fig. 7

5 shows a sectional view according to the section BB in FIG. 5.

According to Figure 1 has a drilling device according to the invention 10 a pump device 11. This is on a drill string 13, which in the illustrated embodiment a Kelly boring bar is attached in one place, which within a drilled hole 20 in a ground 21 lies. A drilling tool 14 is also located on the drill string 13 attached below the pump device 11. In the illustrated Embodiment is the drilling tool 14 as a cylindrical one Core drill pipe with roller bits 22 for removal of the ground.

A fluid line 12 leads from the pump device 11 a channel 19 on the drilling tool 14 to the head side Roller chisels 22. By means of an arrow P2 directional fluid flow become the roller bits 22 washed around and freed from cuttings 24. Via one on the drilling tool 14 pipe 25 arranged parallel to the drill string 13 becomes the cuttings 24 according to the arrows P3 and P4 up into a container 26 on the drilling tool 14 promoted. From there, the cuttings 24 can be pulled out of the drilling tool 14 removed from the earth hole 20 will.

The arrangement of the roller chisel 22 and the suction tube 24 on The scope of the drilling tool 14 can be the view according to FIG. 4 be removed.

The structure and function of the pump device 11 will further explained with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3. As a rotor the pump device 11 is served by a hose 15 which is connected via a Carrier 16 attached to the drill string 13 in a rotationally fixed manner is. The hose 15 essentially surrounds the drill pipe 13 semi-circular at a constant distance. A Output 18 of the hose 15 is led down and communicates with the fluid line 12. However, is an input 17 of the hose 15 upwards in the direction the borehole directed to a fluid in the direction of the arrow P1 to record. The fluid can be air or Be rinsing liquid.

To generate a flow in the hose 15 is a Pump stator 30 with two radially from a bearing device 31 outwardly extending stator arms 32 are provided. At the free end of the two stator arms 32 is in each case a roller 33 is arranged, which squeezes the elastic Hose 15 is present. The rollers 33 are parallel to Axles 34 arranged along the longitudinal axis of the drill string 13 are rotatable mounted on the stator arms 32.

The pump stator 30 is on the drill string 13 via the bearing device 31 rotatable but axially fixed. over a torque arm 40 with four mutually perpendicular arranged brackets 41, which extend radially from the bearing sleeve 31 extend outwards, the pump stator 30 supported against a wall 27 of the earth bore 20 and against this rotatable. For axial displacement of the Torque support 40 and the pump stator 30 in the earth hole 20 according to the drilling progress are on the free Ends of the four holder 41 rolling elements 42 arranged around a horizontally directed axis 43 each rotatably mounted are. Next are to compensate for fluctuations in diameter the earth hole 20, the holder 41 via a respective Spring mechanism 44 mounted radially.

Between the pump stator 30 supported in this way and the the drill string 13 rotating hose 15 as a pump rotor there is a relative movement. When painting over this the rollers 33 on the stator arms 32 the hose 15 squeezing and squeeze what's in the hose Fluid in the direction of the outlet 18 into the fluid line 12. According to the invention, the rotation is relatively slow sufficient fluid pressure is reached to the drilling tool 14 to be rinsed free of drilling cuttings 24. An additional Energy transfer for fluid pressure adjustment is not necessary. To increase the pump capacity if necessary, further pumping devices 11 in a row be provided on the drill string 13. One is appropriate for this trained connection 45 on drill string 13 to solve, with additional pumping devices 11 in simpler Way can be applied to the drill string 13.

In the illustrated embodiment with the corresponding The direction of rotation shown by arrows D is a fluid flow generated towards the drilling tool 14. When reversing the direction of rotation can with the illustrated drilling device 10 in the Fluid line 12 can also be set a negative pressure, through which the cuttings 24 pass through the fluid line 12 is suctioned off in the direction of the pump device 11.

In connection with Figures 5 to 7 is an inventive Torque arm 140 explains that also for the drilling device described above can be used. The torque arm 140 comprises a base body 145 which with respect to one passed through a central opening 156 Drill string 113 is rotatably supported by bearings 119 is. The bearings 119 are axial and radial bearings, so that an axial displacement of the base body 145 relative to the Drill string 113 is prevented.

The base body 145 is composed of two mutually parallel Plates 146, 147 built between which holder 141 with roller bodies 142 are attached.

All three evenly over the circumference of the base body 145 Distributed holders 161 have bearings for storing the rolling bodies 142 an axis 143 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the Drill string is 113 and in the direction of the rotational movement of drill string 113 has. So is the necessary power to Moving the torque arm 140 in the direction of displacement V low.

The holders 141 are each pivotable via a bolt 148 mounted on the base body 145. The center of the Bolt axis of the respective bolt 148 is opposite one from the longitudinal axis of drill string 113 to the center of the Rolling element 142 extending radius beam 149 by an amount e offset against the direction of rotation D of drill string 113. Due to the constructive design the eccentricity e can be the magnitude of the contact and frictional forces be easily influenced.

To make contact when entering an earth hole 20 in the bottom 21 the rolling element 142 with a wall 27, which at the illustrated embodiment is a drill pipe, is a pressure device 144 with compression springs 150 intended. On the one hand, these are supported against one Support plate 151 on the base body 145 and press on the other hand against a radially inwardly extending lever arm 152 the respective holder 141. A certain spring preload the holder 141 guides the self-locking phase a.

For setting the maximum swivel path of the holder 141 an adjusting device 153 is provided. This includes a stop 154 firmly connected to the base body 145 and the adjusting screws 155 located therein. When the Torque support 140 in the direction of rotation D press the Lever arms 152 against the set screws 155 so that the Holder 141 with the rolling elements 142 in their radially protruding Location are fixed. If the direction of rotation is reversed the holder 141 against the pressure direction of the compression springs 150 released from their tense position. About suitable Connection devices can be on the torque arm Cantilever arms are attached, which as a stator for Torque tap can serve against a rotor.

Claims (15)

Drilling device for making earth bores with a drill string (13), a drilling tool (14) attached to it in a rotationally fixed manner, a drive for rotatingly driving the drill string (13), a pump device (11) and a fluid line (12) which extends from the pump device (11) to the drilling tool (14) in order to generate a fluid flow on the drilling tool (14) by means of the pump device (11),
characterized by that the pump device (11) has a hose (15) which is held in a rotationally fixed manner on the drill string (13) and is arranged at a constant distance around it at least in part-circle fashion, that a pump stator (30) is provided which is rotatably supported on the one hand about the drill string (13) and on the other hand is rotatably supported relative to a wall (27) of the earth bore (20), that the pump stator (30) has a radially to the drill string (13) extending stator arm (32) which is arranged between the drill string (13) and the hose (15), and that the stator arm (32) abuts the hose (15) in a squeezing manner, the stator arm (32) sweeping over the hose (15) rotating with the drill string (13). Drilling device according to claim 1,
characterized by that the pump stator (32) is axially fixed on the drill string (13). Drilling device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized by that the pump stator (32) has a torque arm (40, 140) which bears firmly against the wall (27) of the earth bore (20) in the direction of rotation during drilling and in the longitudinal direction of the drill string (13). Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by that the drilling tool (14) has a core drill pipe with a channel (19) and that the hose (15) and the channel (19) are connected to form the fluid line (12). Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by that on the drilling tool (14) a container (26) for receiving rinsing liquid and cuttings (24) is arranged, and that a tube (25) is provided between the container (26) and a soil removal device on the drilling tool (14). Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized by that the stator arm (32) has at its free end squeezing the hose (15) a roller (33) which is rotatably mounted about a roller axis (34) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill string (13). Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized by that the pump stator (30) has a plurality of stator arms (32) distributed uniformly over its circumference. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized by that several pumping devices (11) are arranged on the drill string (13). Torque support for a drilling device, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 8,
for tapping off a torque at a location of a drill string in an earth hole remote from a drilling tool, with a base body (145) which has a centrally arranged opening (156) for the passage of the drill string (13), a bearing device (119) at the opening (156) for rotatably mounting the base body (145) on the drill string (113), at least three spaced apart holders (141) on the base body (145), which extend radially to the longitudinal axis of the drill string (13) to be passed through the opening (156) away from the base body (145), at least one rolling element (142) on each holder, on which the rolling element (142) is rotatably mounted about an axis (143), each of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drill string (113) and tangential to the direction of rotation thereof on the holders (141), and a pressure device (144) for generating a pressure force which presses the holders (141) with the rolling bodies (142) essentially radially outward away from the base body (145). Torque support according to claim 9,
characterized by that the holder (141) are displaceable relative to the base body. Torque support according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized by that the pressure device (144) has a spring mechanism which presses the holder (141) with the rolling elements (142) with a defined pressure force against the wall (27) of the earth bore (20). Torque support according to claim 9 or 11,
characterized by that the holders (141) are each pivotably mounted on the base body (145) about a bolt (148) which is directed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill string (113). Torque support according to one of claims 9 to 12,
characterized by that each holder (141) has a radially inwardly projecting lever arm (152) and that between the lever arm (152) and the base body (145) a compression spring (150) is arranged, which presses the holder (141) into its radially outer position. Torque support according to one of claims 9 to 13,
characterized by that a stop (154) is provided for each holder (141) on the base body (145) against which the holder (141) abuts during drilling. Torque support according to claim 14,
characterized by that an adjusting device (153) is provided on each stop (154) with which the deflection of the respective holder (141) can be adjusted during drilling.

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