EP0851083B1 - Vertikalschiebefenster - Google Patents
Vertikalschiebefenster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0851083B1 EP0851083B1 EP97122137A EP97122137A EP0851083B1 EP 0851083 B1 EP0851083 B1 EP 0851083B1 EP 97122137 A EP97122137 A EP 97122137A EP 97122137 A EP97122137 A EP 97122137A EP 0851083 B1 EP0851083 B1 EP 0851083B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sliding window
- guide
- vertically sliding
- window sash
- window
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- LYKJEJVAXSGWAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N compactone Natural products CC1(C)CCCC2(C)C1CC(=O)C3(O)CC(C)(CCC23)C=C LYKJEJVAXSGWAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/50—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with more than one kind of movement
- E06B3/5054—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with more than one kind of movement where the sliding and rotating movements are independent of each other
- E06B3/5063—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with more than one kind of movement where the sliding and rotating movements are independent of each other the vertical sliding wings having the possibility of an additional rotational movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/16—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding vertically more or less in their own plane
- E05D15/20—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding vertically more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
- E06B3/42—Sliding wings; Details of frames with respect to guiding
- E06B3/44—Vertically-sliding wings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
- E06B3/42—Sliding wings; Details of frames with respect to guiding
- E06B3/44—Vertically-sliding wings
- E06B3/4407—Single-hung, i.e. having a single vertical sliding panel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vertical sliding window with a tiltable and vertically movable window sash as well upper and lower guide parts arranged on both sides on Casement, a counterweight and also on both sides arranged guide profiles, according to The preamble of claim 1, wherein the slidable Window sash preferably in the closed state with the The window frame is flush on the inside and outside.
- the cable is on lower frame of the two window parts attached.
- the Opening and closing this window is also via one electric drive possible. Disadvantages of this design but are that the clear view at full Opening through the two in the middle of the window Window parts is affected and that none Fall protection is available.
- the present invention therefore aims to Vertical sliding window of the type mentioned above a mechanically particularly compact design of the Suspension and guide components indicate that both for manual as well as for electrical operation is suitable and in which also the mentioned Security aspects are sufficiently taken into account.
- the solution used suspension knuckles on the top Suspensions on the tilt and vertically movable Window sashes are hinged on both sides.
- the suspension knuckle are also on fall protection articulated, the same via a cable with the Counterweight are connected.
- the simple one especially suitable for manual operation Basic form of the invention also with additional an electric drive for opening and closing of the tilt and vertically movable window sash combine.
- drive knuckles can be used or drive flanges together with the suspension knuckles are hinged to the upper hangers, this driver flanges then in turn to one of the electric drive chain driven.
- the driver flange is adjustable in length. Then it is possible the contact pressure of the tilt and vertical sliding window sash on the window frame in the easy to set when closed.
- Another advantage of using an electrical The drive lies in the fact that the window is closed in addition, a very high level of burglary security is achieved, because namely the leverage in the area of Driving flanges effective pressing on the window sash prevent.
- Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of a manual actuated vertical sliding window 1 in the closed Condition, with an upper fixed window part 2 and a lower, tiltable and vertically movable Window sash 3.
- the window sash 3 has below and above on both sides a holding part 4, on the ball bearing 5,6 or Plain bearings are attached (see also Fig. 4).
- the form upper holding parts 4 with one each articulated suspension knuckle 7 upper suspensions 8 and with the upper ball bearings 5 upper guides 9. Die lower holding parts form with the lower ball bearings 6 lower guides 10.
- the suspension knuckles 7 are in turn articulated with a fall arrester 11 each.
- the safety devices 11 are on both sides of the Vertical sliding window 1 via a cable 12 and Deflection rollers 13 with a (shown in Fig. 3) Counterweight 21 connected.
- the fall safeguards mentioned 11 are commercially available in a common form and are Well known to those skilled in the art. It is mostly about spring-loaded devices, in which in the case of Loss of spring preload in one claw Guide channel come into engagement.
- Guide profiles 14 available, preferably as U-profiles are executed and in which the guide parts, namely the Ball bearings 5.6 are performed.
- angled additional guide profiles 15 available, preferably also as U-profiles are executed and in which the upper guide parts, namely the ball bearings 5, are performed.
- Parallel to the Guide profiles 14 runs a profile rail 16, the The purpose is, together with the guide profiles 14 Form guide channel 17 for the fall arrest devices 11. By doing is dispensed with as a guide channel for the If additional safety devices are to be used for safety devices, a more compact design is achieved.
- the lower guide 10 In the closed state of the window sash 3 is the lower guide 10 at the lower end of this area bevelled guide profile 14.
- the upper guide 9 is at the point closest to the window in the angled additional guide profile 15.
- the fall protection 11 is in the lowest position in the guide channel 17.
- the window sash 3 there is a turning handle on the window sash 3, with which one is covered lying locking rod and locking cam of the Window sash 3 can be locked.
- the locking cams are advantageously designed so that even very large Closed windows in critical areas, such as in the middle of the window, a big concern of the Seals 18 is guaranteed.
- Fig. 2 shows a (partial) vertical section of the manual actuated vertical sliding window in open Status.
- the opening and closing is done manually using the handle, not shown Window sash 3.
- the lower guide 10 With the window sash open 3, the lower guide 10 is still on the lower one End of the beveled guide profile 14 in this area.
- the upper guide 9 is now at the branch point of the angled additional guide profile 15 from Guide profile 14.
- the fall arrester 11 is located also still in the lowest position in the Guide channel 17. But are in this position both the lower guide 10 and the upper guide 9 in Guide profile 14, so that the window sash 3 then can be pushed up vertically.
- the counterweight is 21 dimensioned so that it is slightly less than the weight of the window sash 3.
- Fig. 3 shows a (partial) horizontal section of a manually operated vertical sliding window in the closed state.
- the additional pulleys for the cable pull were omitted in the drawing.
- the particularly compact mechanical design of the suspension and guide components is particularly evident here.
- One side of the U-shaped guide profile 14 forms a first side wall 20 for the guide channel 17, in which the cable 12 and the fall arrester 11 are guided.
- the profile rail 16 forms the second side wall for the guide channel 17 and is preferably L-shaped.
- the holding part 4 attached to the window sash 3 with the upper ball bearing 5 and the suspension knuckle 7 articulated on the holding part 4 and on the fall protection 11.
- the counterweight 21 is arranged directly behind an assembly wall 22. In principle, however, it can also be provided at any other desired location.
- Fig. 4 shows the attached to the window sash 3 Suspension knuckle 7 for clarification in detail.
- Fig. 5 shows a vertical section of an electrical powered vertical sliding window in closed Status. Because the electric drive, as before mentioned without further ado to the manual actuated shape of the vertical sliding window 1 attached can be used for the description of the subject Parts referred to Figure 1. The electric drive itself, the reduction gear and the associated Control components are also not shown. 5 shows one (also on both Window sides) next to the guide profile 14, over a lower and an upper chain sprocket 25, 26 guided chain 27, which is driven by the electric drive. in the The area of the upper chain sprocket 26 is also a Chain tensioner 28 present. The lower sprocket 25 is angled in the area of additional Guide profile 15 attached.
- a driver flange 29 (also known as a driver knuckle) is one hand on the chain 27 and on the other hand at the pivot point of the Suspension knuckle 7 articulated on the window sash 3.
- the driver flange 29 is adjustable in length (see also 7) and is preferably on the chain 27 articulated that it is 3 in when the window sash is closed horizontal position and the fulcrum of the lower one Chain pinion 25 with the longitudinal axis of the driving flange 29 coincides.
- top sprockets 26 are with a common horizontal drive shaft 31 connected and are powered by the electric drive Reduction gear driven.
- the lower guide 10 In the closed state of the window sash 3 is the lower guide 10 at the lower end of this area bevelled guide profile 14.
- the upper guide 9 is at the point closest to the window in the angled additional guide profile 15.
- the fall protection 11 is in the lowest position in the guide channel 17. So far this is exactly the same as for the manually operated Vertical sliding window according to Fig. 2.
- the one here existing driving flange 29 is, as mentioned in horizontal position between the window sash 3 and lower chain sprocket 25. In this position the Window sash 3 can not be pushed open manually because the between the lower sprocket 25 and the Driver flange 29 existing lever and Relationships of forces prevent this effectively.
- the Window sash 3 is thereby in the closed state a certain contact pressure, even with a possible Power failure continues to exist against the window frame pressed.
- Fig. 6 shows a (partial) vertical section of the electrically powered vertical sliding window in unfolded condition. Unfolding and also folding the window sash 3 is completely and exclusively by means of the electric drive that drives the chain sprocket 25,26 and the chain 27 set in motion. For this The reason is with the electrically powered Vertical sliding window - in contrast to the one before described manual execution of the inventive Vertical sliding window - no turning handle required.
- the driving flange 29 of a driver 30 on the chain first in a semicircle around led lower chain sprocket 25 and then pulled up. in the unfolded state of the window sash 3 is the bottom guide 10 still at the bottom of this Area of bevelled guide profile 14.
- the upper guide 9 is now at the branch point of the angled one additional guide profile 15 from the guide profile 14.
- the Driver 20 is already a piece on the chain 27 booted.
- the fall arrester 11 is also located still in the lowest position in the guide channel 17. In this position is also here in the electrical powered vertical sliding window both the lower Guide 10 as well as the upper guide 9 in the guide profile 14, so that the window sash 3 then from electric drive via the chain 27 and the driver 20 can be pulled up vertically.
- FIG. 7 finally shows the driving flange 29 in detail. It consists of two parts 35a, 35b, with one Set screw 36 are connected to each other. Here is the Set screw over a right hand thread with part 35a and connected to part 35b via a left-hand thread. Thereby the driving flange 29 can also be installed by rotating the threaded pin 36 in its length be adjusted. This allows the Contact pressure of the window sash 3 on the frame and thus the tightness of the vertical sliding window 1 exactly adjusted or adjusted if necessary.
- the electric drive is controlled preferably via push buttons.
- the control of the electric drive is also preferably designed so that the window sash 3 by pressing the open / close push buttons automatically opens or closes. to Ending of these operations are provided limit switches.
- the closing process is controlled so that the Window sash 3 automatically up to about 20 cm above the End position is lowered and then stopped. This position is from a position sensor, for example from a Magnetic switch in a corresponding position range Fall protection, detected. For security reasons provided that the remaining part of the closing process then by continuously pressing the CLOSE pushbutton.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Vertikalschnitt eines manuell betätigbaren Vertikalschiebefensters in geschlossenem Zustand,
- Fig. 2
- einen (teilweisen) Vertikalschnitt eines manuell betätigbaren Vertikalschiebefensters in aufgeklapptem Zustand,
- Fig. 3
- einen (teilweisen) Horizontalschnitt eines manuell betätigbaren Vertikalschiebefensters in geschlossenem Zustand,
- Fig. 4
- einen am Fensterflügel angebrachten Aufhängungs-Achsschenkel,
- Fig. 5
- einen Vertikalschnitt eines elektrisch angetriebenen Vertikalschiebefensters in geschlossenem Zustand,
- Fig. 6
- einen (teilweisen) Vertikalschnitt eines elektrisch angetriebenen Vertikalschiebefensters in aufgeklapptem Zustand, und
- Fig. 7
- einen Mitnehmerflansch.
- 1
- Vertikalschiebefenster
- 2
- Fensterteil
- 3
- Fensterflügel
- 4
- Halteteil
- 5
- oberes Kugellager
- 6
- unteres Kugellager
- 7
- Aufhängungs-Achsschenkel
- 8
- obere Aufhängung
- 9
- obere Führung
- 10
- untere Führung
- 11
- Fallsicherung
- 12
- Seilzug
- 13
- Umlenkrollen
- 14
- Führungsprofile
- 15
- zusätzliche Führungsprofile
- 16
- Profilschiene
- 17
- Führungskanal
- 18
- Dichtungen
- 20
- erste Seitenwand
- 21
- Gegengewicht
- 22
- Montagewand
- 25
- unterer Kettenritzel
- 26
- oberer Kettenritzel
- 27
- Kette
- 28
- Kettenspannvorrichtung
- 29
- Mitnehmerflansch
- 30
- Mitnehmer
- 31
- Antriebswelle
- 35ab
- Teile
- 36
- Gewindestift
Claims (10)
- Vertikalschiebefenster mit einem kippbaren und vertikal verschiebbaren Fensterflügel (3) sowie beidseitig angeordneten oberen und unteren Führungsteilen am Fensterflügel (3), einem Gegengewicht (21) und ebenfalls beidseitig angeordneten Führungsprofilen (14) zur Aufnahme und Führung der Führungsteile, wobei der Fensterflügel (3) beidseitig über je eine obere Aufhängung (8) an je einem Aufhängungs-Achsschenkel (7) angelenkt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassdie Aufhängungs-Achsschenkel (7) ihrerseits jeweils beidseitig an je einer Fallsicherung (11) angelenkt sind und die Fallsicherungen (11) ihrerseits jeweils über je einen Seilzug (12) mit dem Gegengewicht (21) verbunden sind, wobei die Fallsicherung (11) so ausgeführt ist, dass sie ein Abstürzen des Fensterflügels (3) bei Versagen des Seilzuges (12) verhindert, und dassder Fensterflügel (3) von den oberen Führungsteilen in beidseitig von den Führungsprofilen (14) abzweigenden, abgewinkelten zusätzlichen Führungsprofilen (15) geführt ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fallsicherungen (11) jeweils mindestens einseitig von den Führungsprofilen (14) geführt sind.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach Patentanspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die oberen und unteren Führungsteile als Kugellager (5,6) oder als Gleitlager ausgebildet sind.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fensterflügel (3) mittels einer verdeckt liegenden Verschlusstange und Verschlussnocken sowie einem Dreh-Handgriff verriegelbar ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein elektrischer Antrieb für den Fensterflügel (3) vorhanden ist, wobei der elektrische Antrieb beidseitig je eine neben dem Führungsprofil (14) angeordnete und über je einen oberen und je einen unteren Kettenritzel (26,25) geführte Kette (27) antreibt und beidseitig an der Kette (27) je ein Mitnehmerflansch (29) angelenkt ist, der seinerseits zusammen mit dem jeweiligen Aufhängungs-Achsschenkel (7) an der jeweiligen oberen Aufhängung (8) angelenkt ist und wobei der untere Kettenritzel (25) jeweils im Bereich des zusätzlichen abgewinkelten Führungsprofils (15) angebracht ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach Patentanspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mitnehmerflansch (29) längenverstellbar ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach Patentanspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Antrieb zusätzlich mit einem Getriebe und einer Handkurbel zum Notbetrieb bei Stromausfall versehen ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach einem der Patentansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Antrieb mit einer Steuerung mit Drucktasten und Positionssensoren zum automatischen Oeffnen und Schliessen des Vertikalschiebefensters versehen ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach Patentanspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einer der Positionssensoren im Bereich der Führungsprofile (14) so angeordnet und in die Steuerung einbezogen ist, dass der automatische Schliessvorgang durch Ansprechen dieses Positionssensors kurz vor der vollständigen Schliessung des Fensterflügels stoppbar ist.
- Vertikalschiebefenster nach einem der vorhergehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der verschiebbare Fensterflügel (3) im geschlossenen Zustand mit einem Fensterrahmen innen- und aussenseitig bündig ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH320496 | 1996-12-31 | ||
CH320496 | 1996-12-31 | ||
CH3204/96 | 1996-12-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0851083A1 EP0851083A1 (de) | 1998-07-01 |
EP0851083B1 true EP0851083B1 (de) | 2002-03-20 |
Family
ID=4250925
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97122137A Expired - Lifetime EP0851083B1 (de) | 1996-12-31 | 1997-12-16 | Vertikalschiebefenster |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0851083B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE214775T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59706674D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1293638B1 (de) * | 2001-09-12 | 2004-11-24 | Hubert Härle | Fenstervorrichtung mit einem aufwärts verschiebbaren Fensterflügel |
CN105804591A (zh) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-07-27 | 李和坤 | 平移式卷闸门 |
AT518407B1 (de) * | 2016-05-02 | 2017-10-15 | Perak Jovo | Gebäudeschiebefenstervorrichtung |
CN110242166B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳好博窗控技术股份有限公司 | 一种防误操作角传动器及具有其的门窗 |
CN111561243A (zh) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-21 | 同高先进制造科技(太仓)有限公司 | 激光房主动式防护电动移门系统 |
DE202021102298U1 (de) | 2021-04-29 | 2022-08-17 | Sorpetaler Fensterbau Besitz Gmbh | Fenster |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH158170A (de) * | 1931-12-19 | 1932-11-15 | Buergi Conrad | Schiebefenster. |
DE2724149C2 (de) * | 1977-05-27 | 1987-04-16 | Götz Metallbau GmbH, 8360 Deggendorf | Vertikalschiebefenster |
-
1997
- 1997-12-16 EP EP97122137A patent/EP0851083B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-16 AT AT97122137T patent/ATE214775T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-16 DE DE59706674T patent/DE59706674D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59706674D1 (de) | 2002-04-25 |
EP0851083A1 (de) | 1998-07-01 |
ATE214775T1 (de) | 2002-04-15 |
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