EP0849355B1 - Powder washing and cleaning components - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a powder detergent and cleaning agent component, a method for their manufacture and their use.

Commercial washing and cleaning agents contain a variety of ingredients, one Perform a number of different functions. Important for the quality of such washing and Detergent is both the type and amount of ingredients used and the type and the order in which these ingredients are combined.

The main components in modern laundry detergents include surfactants, Bleach, washing alkalis and the so-called builders. The main components for detergents and dishwashing detergents are primarily builders, bleach, alkalis, Dispersants and enzymes.

An ideal builder for textile detergents fulfills a number of functions and carries, for example significantly to water softening. In addition, it should have the highest possible carrying capacity for liquid components and sufficient buffering of the wash liquor enable.

The most commonly used builders so far are sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP), zeolites A and P and crystalline silicates such as Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ , which is also referred to as SKS-6.

Water softening (removal or binding of calcium causing water hardness and / or magnesium ions) is carried out with the aforementioned builders in different ways Way. The sodium tripolyphosphate dissolves and forms with the calcium and magnesium ions soluble complexes that do not interfere with the washing process.

The zeolites and the layered silicates, on the other hand, form with the calcium and magnesium ions insoluble complexes. The zeolites significantly increase the amount of insoluble Preserve complexes. These particles present as a solid in the wash liquor must be kept in suspension by additional detergent ingredients do not deposit on the textile fiber. The same applies to other (solid) dirt particles and any precipitated components of water hardness.

Detergents for the automatic cleaning of dishes also need components included, which are able to keep the detached dirt in suspension and the To prevent re-depositing on the wash ware.

Suitable additional detergent ingredients are the so-called cobuilders, which are also known as Polyelectrolyte compounds are called. These include citric acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, Homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic acid, polyaspartic acid and starch oxidation products. The aforementioned ingredients can also be found in detergents and dishwashing detergents deploy.

Of particular interest are the polycarboxylates, which are polymers with a molecular weight from about 2,000 to 100,000. They consist of different carboxylic acids and the corresponding monomers. In powder detergents and Also in dishwashing detergents, they are usually in the form of their neutral sodium salts, solid or in aqueous solution.

In common laundry detergents, the amounts of builder are usually 10 to 40% by weight and that of cobuilders usually 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of powdered laundry detergent. For detergents and dishwashing detergents the quantities added in a similar order of magnitude.

Powdered laundry detergents that contain crystalline silicates as builders usually require lower amounts of cobuilders than those containing only zeolite A as a builder.

However, zeolite A cannot be used in dishwashing detergents because of its insolubility only soluble components come into question here.

The quality or the mode of action of such a builder / cobuilder system for textile detergents can be measured, for example, with the so-called secondary washing behavior. The secondary washing behavior indicates in particular to what extent such a builder / cobuilder system is able to prevent deposits on the laundry fibers. For measurement the washed fabric is ashed and the amount of ash is determined gravimetrically.

The mode of action of the aforementioned builder / cobuilder systems can be used for dishwashing detergents with regard to the re-soiling of already cleaned dishes by visual sampling be recorded quantitatively with the help of a grading system.

According to the usual methods, the sodium polycarboxylates are used in the washing powder production introduced both as an aqueous solution and in powder form. The aqueous Solution sprayed on the other solid detergent components to make a total free-flowing Get product. This is a component with particularly good absorbency Layered silicate SKS-6 from Hoechst AG, Frankfurt am Main, which is capable of a good one To ensure that the washing powder flows freely.

Pure powder mixtures of SKS-6 and the sodium salt of a polycarboxylate do indeed already good washing properties, as well as some of those already mentioned at the beginning other builders sodium tripolyphosphate and zeolite, however the quality is such Systems, especially regarding secondary washing, are not yet satisfactory. As well When using such mixtures for dishwashing detergents, there is sometimes the disadvantage of Limescale deposits due to the low solubility of the SKS-6.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a composition make, with which the aforementioned disadvantages can be overcome and with the excellent Washing and cleaning results, in particular with regard to the secondary washing ability, can be achieved.

This task is solved by a powder detergent component, characterized in that it is a reaction product of an alkaline silicate and an acidic polycarboxylate.

The weight ratio of alkaline silicate to acidic polycarboxylate is preferably (40 to 1): 1.

The weight ratio of alkaline silicate to acidic polycarboxylate is particularly preferred (20 to 2): 1.

A non-neutralized or only partially neutralized homound / or is preferred as the acidic polycarboxylate Copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, polyaspartic acid, sugar carboxylic acid and / or other monomers used.

The powdered detergent and cleaning agent component preferably contains 50 to 98 % By weight of alkaline silicate and 2 to 50% by weight of a copolymer of 10 to 70% by weight Maleic acid, 20 to 85% by weight acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, 1 to 50% by weight Vinyl acetate and 0 to 10% by weight of further monomers with a degree of neutralization of 0 up to 70%.

The alkaline silicate is preferably one of the formula x M ₂ O y SiO ₂ z H ₂ O with a molar ratio of SiO ₂ to M ₂ O of (1 to 3.5): 1 and z = 0 to 4 and M = Na and / or K, which can contain up to 1% by weight of further elements and / or compounds.

The alkaline silicate is preferably an amorphous sodium silicate.

The alkaline silicate is particularly preferably a crystalline one Sodium silicate.

The alkaline silicate is particularly preferably a crystalline one Sodium silicate.

The further elements and / or connections are preferably aluminum, Titanium, iron, calcium, magnesium and / or their compounds.

The above object is also achieved by a method for producing a powder Detergent and cleaning agent component, characterized in that apply an acidic polycarboxylate solution to an alkaline silicate.

Preferably, 2 to 60 parts by weight of acid are added to 100 parts by weight of alkaline silicate Polycarboxylate solution

It is particularly preferred to add 10 to 40 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of alkaline silicate on acidic polycarboxylate solution

A non-neutralized or only partially neutralized homound / or is preferred as the polycarboxylate solution Copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, polyaspartic acid, sugar carboxylic acid and / or other monomers used.

The acidic polycarboxylate solution is preferably brought into a solid mixer, the one Contains liquid injection device based on the alkaline silicate.

The reaction product of alkaline sodium silicate and acidic polycarboxylate solution is preferred at temperatures of 40 to 150 ° C for a time of 5 to 120 minutes dried.

The invention also relates to the use of the powdery form according to the invention Detergent and cleaning agent component for the production of detergents.

The powdered detergent and cleaning agent component according to the invention is preferred used for the production of detergents using the dry mix method.

The invention also relates to the use of the powdery form according to the invention Detergent and detergent component for the production of detergent compositions.

The powdered detergent and cleaning agent component according to the invention is preferred for the production of detergent compositions for cleaning hard Surfaces used.

The invention also relates to the use of the powdery form according to the invention Detergent and detergent component for the manufacture of dishwashing detergent compositions.

The powdered detergent and cleaning agent component according to the invention is preferred for the preparation of dishwasher detergent compositions for machine cleaning used by dishes.

For the production of the powder detergent component according to the invention are non-neutralized and / or partially neutralized acid group-containing polycarboxylates neutralized polymers containing acid groups.

These include the homopolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or their copolymers with further ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as acrolein, dimethylacrylic acid, Ethyl acrylic acid, vinyl acetic acid, allylacetic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, Itaconic acid, meth (allysulfonic acid), vinylsulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, acrylamidomethyl propane sulfonic acid, and monomers containing phosphoric acid groups, such as, for example Vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphonic acid and acrylamidomethylpropanephosphonic acid and their salts and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate sulfates, allyl alcohol sulfates and phosphates.

The aforementioned polymers are described, for example, in DE-A-23 57 036, DE-A-44 39 978, EP-A-0 075 820 or EP-A-0 451 508.

a) 10 bis 70 Gew.-% monoethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäuren mit 4 bis 8 C-Atomen bzw. deren Salze

b) 20 bis 85 Gew.-% monoethylenisch ungesättigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 3 bis 10 C-Atomen bzw. deren Salze

c) 1 bis 50 Gew.-% einfach ungesättigte Monomere, welche nach der Verseifung Hydroxylgruppen an der Polymerkette freisetzen

d) 0 bis 10 Gew.-% weiterer, radikalisch copolymerisierbarer Monomere,

wobei die Summe der Monomeren nach a) bis d) 100 Gew.-% beträgt, in wäßriger Lösung und Verseifung der Monomere nach c) erhalten lassen. Für die erfindungsgemäße Anwendung wird eine Verseifung im sauren Milieu bevorzugt. Produkte der vorstehend genannten Art sind in der DE-A-43 00 772 und in der DE-A-195 16 957 beschrieben.Biodegradable terpolymers which are obtained by polymerizing are particularly suitable for the use according to the invention

a) 10 to 70 wt .-% monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with 4 to 8 carbon atoms or their salts

b) 20 to 85% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with 3 to 10 carbon atoms or their salts

c) 1 to 50% by weight of monounsaturated monomers which release hydroxyl groups on the polymer chain after the saponification

d) 0 to 10% by weight of further free-radically copolymerizable monomers,

the sum of the monomers according to a) to d) being 100% by weight, can be obtained in aqueous solution and saponification of the monomers according to c). Saponification in an acidic environment is preferred for the use according to the invention. Products of the type mentioned above are described in DE-A-43 00 772 and in DE-A-195 16 957.

Graft polymers of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and modified polysaccharides, as described in DE-A-40 03 172 and DE-A-44 15 623, are also suitable for the use according to the invention.
The graft polymers described in EP-A-0 457 025 with proteins of animal and vegetable origin, in particular also with modified proteins, are also well suited for the use according to the invention.

a) 45 bis 96 Gew.-% monoethylenisch ungesättigte C₃ bis C₁₀-Monocarbonsäure oder Mischungen von C₃ bis C₁₀-Monocarbonsäuren und/oder deren Salze mit einwertigen Kationen

b) 4 bis 55 Gew.-% monoethylenisch ungesättigte Monosulfonsäuregruppen enthaltende Monomere, monoethylenisch ungesättigte Schwefelsäureester, Vinylphosphonsäure und/oder die Salze dieser Säuren mit einwertigen Kationen

c) 0 bis 30 Gew.-% wasserlösliche, monoethylenisch ungesättigte Verbindungen, die mit 2 bis 50 Mol Alkylenoxid pro Mol monoethylenisch ungesättigter Verbindung modifiziert sind.

Solche Verbindungen werden in der DE-A-42 21 381 und in der DE-A-43 43 993 beschrieben.From the group of graft copolymers, copolymers of sugar or other polyhydroxy compounds and a monomer mixture of the following composition are preferably used:

a) 45 to 96 wt .-% monoethylenically unsaturated C ₃ to C ₁₀ monocarboxylic acid or mixtures of C ₃ to C ₁₀ monocarboxylic acids and / or their salts with monovalent cations

b) 4 to 55% by weight of monomers containing monoethylenically unsaturated monosulfonic acid groups, monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid esters, vinylphosphonic acid and / or the salts of these acids with monovalent cations

c) 0 to 30 wt .-% water-soluble, monoethylenically unsaturated compounds which are modified with 2 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of monoethylenically unsaturated compound.

Such compounds are described in DE-A-42 21 381 and in DE-A-43 43 993.

Other suitable polymers are polyaspartic acids or their derivatives in or not partially neutralized form. The polyaspartic acids usually fall in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salt. From this you can get the non-neutralized or only partially neutralized products by adding appropriate amounts of organic or inorganic acids and, if necessary, separating them of the resulting salts.

Such products can also be achieved through the thermal conversion of maleic acid and ammonia or by the condensation of aspartic acid and the subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting polysuccinimide. The manufacture of such products is for example in DE-A-36 26 672, DE-A-43 07 114, DE-A-44 27 287, EP-A-0 612 784, EP-A-0 644 257 and PCT / WO 92/14753.

Particularly suitable for the production of the powdered washing and Detergent components are graft polymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid and further ethylenically unsaturated monomers on salts of polyaspartic acid, as they usually occur in the hydrolysis of the polysuccinimide described above. Here, the otherwise necessary addition of acid to produce the only partially neutralized Form of polyaspartic acid can be dispensed with. The amount of polyaspartate is usually chosen so that the degree of neutralization of all carboxyl groups incorporated in the polymer 80%, preferably 60%, does not exceed. Products of the aforementioned type described in more detail in PCT / WO 94/01486.

Mittlere Molmasse:

1.000 bis 100.000 g/mol, bevorzugt 2.000 bis 70.000 g/mol und besonders bevorzugt 2.000 bis 35.000 g/mol.

Neutralisationsgrad der Säuregruppen:

0 bis 90 %, bevorzugt 30 bis 70 %.

Wassergehalt der Polymerlösungen:

30 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 40 bis 60 Gew.-%.

Viskosität der Polymerlösungen:

weniger als 600 Pa*s bei 20 °C.

Der pH-Wert der Polymerlösung sollte kleiner 5,5 sein.The preferred ranges for the polymers described above are:

Average molecular weight:

1,000 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol and particularly preferably 2,000 to 35,000 g / mol.

Degree of neutralization of the acid groups:

0 to 90%, preferably 30 to 70%.

Water content of the polymer solutions:

30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight.

Viscosity of the polymer solutions:

less than 600 Pa * s at 20 ° C.

The pH of the polymer solution should be less than 5.5.

The copolymers are prepared by the following examples, polymer 1 to polymer 5 described.

Polymer 1

In a reactor with agitator, heating and cooling devices, distillation column, internal thermometer and metering devices are 150 g of maleic anhydride, 200 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50 wt .-%), 360 g of water and 0.01 g of ammonium iron sulfate (Mohr's salt) and heated to 90 ° C with stirring. At this temperature you start with the addition of 275 g of acrylic acid in 200 g of water and 100 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50% by weight) and a second solution of 1.5 g sodium persulfate and 15 g hydrogen peroxide (35% by weight) in 75 g of water. The total time of metering is 4 hours. You leave one Stir for an hour and then distill off about 350 g of water. You get one slightly cloudy, highly viscous solution with a dry matter content of about 55% by weight, one pH value of 5.0 and a Brookfield viscosity of 580 Pa * s at 20 ° C. The weight average the molecular weight, determined by means of gel permeation chromatography 69,500 g / mol.

Polymer 2

In the reactor described above, 230 g of maleic anhydride, 340 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50 wt .-%), 410 g of water and 0.3 g of ammonium iron sulfate (Mohr's salt) and heated to 90 ° C with stirring. At this temperature, metering begins at the same time a solution of 293 g acrylic acid in 158 g water and 130 g sodium hydroxide solution (50% by weight) and a second solution of 16 g sodium persulfate and 135 g hydrogen peroxide (35% by weight) in 83 g of water. The total time of metering is 4 hours. you can be stirred for an hour and then distilled off about 540 g of water. You get one light brown, clear solution with a dry matter content of about 55% by weight, one pH value of 5.3 and a Brookfield viscosity of 4,700 mPa * s at 20 ° C. The weight average the molar mass, determined by means of gel permeation chromatography, is 5,500 g / mol.

Polymer 3

In the reactor described above, 178 g of maleic anhydride, 240 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50% by weight), 360 g water, 12 g sodium methallyl sulfonate and 0.01 g ammonium iron sulfate (Mohr's salt) and heated to 90 ° C with stirring. Start at this temperature one simultaneously with the addition of 230 g of acrylic acid and 60 g of vinyl acetate in 75 g Water and 90 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50% by weight) and a second solution of 10 g of sodium persulfate and 80 g hydrogen peroxide (35% by weight) in 75 g water. The total time of Dosage is 4 hours. The mixture is stirred for one hour under reflux and distilled then about 420 g of water. A viscous solution with a dry matter content is obtained of about 55% by weight, a pH of 4.8 and a Brookfield viscosity of 55,000 mPa * s at 20 ° C. The weight average molecular weight, determined by means of gel permeation chromatography, is 21,000 g / mol.

Polymer 4

In the reactor described above, 88 g of maleic anhydride, 130 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50% by weight), 0.01 g of ammonium iron sulfate (Mohr's salt) and 450 g of a 25% by weight Polyaspartic acid sodium salt solution with an average molecular weight of 12,000 submitted g / mol and heated to 90 ° C with stirring. You start at this temperature simultaneously with the addition of a solution of 205 g of acrylic acid, 150 g of water and 90 g Sodium hydroxide solution (50% by weight) and a second solution of 5 g sodium persulfate and 10 g hydrogen peroxide (35% by weight) in 75 g water. The total time of metering is 4 hours. The mixture is stirred for one hour and then about 300 g of water are distilled off. you obtains a viscous, brown product with a dry matter content of about 55% by weight, a pH of 5.0 and a Brookfield viscosity of 84,000 mPa * s at 20 ° C. The Weight-average molecular weight, determined by means of gel permeation chromatography, is 60,000 g / mol.

Polymer 5

In the reactor described above, 200 g of water, 80 g of acrylic acid, 60 g of sucrose and 20 g of sodium methallyl sulfonate and at 20 ° C with 16 g of sodium hydroxide solution (50 wt .-%) neutralized. The polymerization is carried out at 20 to 25 ° C by the addition of 5 g Mercaptoethanol, 0.01 g ammonium iron sulfate (Mohr's salt) and 1.6 g hydrogen peroxide (30 wt .-%) started. The batch heats up to approx. 80 to 90 ° C. You stir more 30 minutes at 75-85 ° C and then gives 4 g of sodium peroxodisulfate and 4 g of sodium disulfite to the reaction mixture. The mixture is left to stir for a further 90 minutes and then distilled water under reduced pressure until a solids content of approx. 55% by weight has reached. The clear polymer solution has a pH of 3.7 and a Brookfield viscosity of 190 mPa * s at 20 ° C. The weight average molecular weight, determined by means of gel permeation chromatography, is 2,400 g / mol.

Examples 1 to 8 below describe the preparation of the powdery form according to the invention Detergent and detergent component and their application.

Examples 1 to 3

In a Lödige ploughshare mixer, 2 kg of SKS-6 powder are mixed with an aqueous solution of polymer 3 sprayed. The amounts used can be found in Table 1. This produces highly granulating powders that become slightly sticky with increasing polymer content become. The powders are dried in a fluidized bed at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes.

This drying significantly improves the free-flowing properties of the powder, recognizable by the so-called flow factor in Table 1.

The powders have a significantly reduced alkalinity compared to pure SKS-6, as shown in Figure 1 from the representation of the reserve alkalinity (titration curve of 2 g of product with In HCl). The reserve alkalinity indicates how much acid is required to lower a substance to a certain pH above 5. Production of the washing and cleaning agent component according to the invention, each using 2 kg of SKS-6 powder example Amount of polycarboxylate solution pH of the moist component after drying flowability % H ₂ O % Active ingredient Cobuilder wet dried 1 222 11.66 3.5 5.6 15 23 2 500 11.59 5.5 11.5 11 28 3 1140 11.4 8th 22 11 270

Examples 4 and 5 (comparison)

Two textile detergents in powder form are produced in the Lödige ploughshare mixer, whereby the components are put together in the order shown in Table 2

Examples 6 and 7 (according to the invention)

Powdery textile detergents are produced in accordance with Examples 4 and 5, but instead of pure SKS-6 a mixture of SKS-6 and the powdery detergent and cleaning agent component SKS-6 / polycarboxylate in accordance with Example 3 is used. In the overall composition, Examples 4 and 6 and 5 and 7 are the same and therefore placed side by side (Table 2). Compositions according to Examples 4 to 7 ingredients %-Salary Example 4 Example 6 Example 5 Example 7 SKS-6 40 27.3 20 7.3 Zeolite A - - 25 25 Component from example 3 - 18.15 - 18.15 sodium polycarboxylate 4 - 4 - READ 9 9 9 9 Nio-surfactant 8th 8th 8th 8th Sodium percarbonate 20 20 20 20 TAED 5 5 5 5 enzymes 2 2 2 2 defoamers 1 1 1 1 sodium sulphate 11 9.55 6 4.55 PH value 10.9 10.9 10.4 10.3

Example 8

The detergents from Examples 4 to 7 are subjected to a washing test and tested for their Secondary washing effect checked. This is done by using 5 standard fabrics together 4.5 kg of ballast tissue are washed 25 times and after every fifth wash by ashing of the standard tissue, the inorganic tissue deposits are determined. The Results are shown in Table 3.

Washing conditions: water hardness 18 ° d, Ca: Mg = 5: 1 (molar), only clear wash 60 ° C, Miele Novotronic W917 machine, dosage: 75 g per wash. Tissue incrustation [% ash] % Ash after 25 washes Example 4 Example 6 Example 5 Example 7 Terrycloth (Vossen) 2.71 1.12 2.38 2.08 Cotton (Empa) 1.84 0.97 2.05 1.41 Cotton (WFK) 3.93 3.51 4.8 3.91 PE / BW (WFK) 2.04 0.96 2.03 1.31 Double rib (WFK) 1.79 0.78 1.51 1.41 Averages 2.46 1.47 2.55 2.02

Both the individual and the average values of the incrustation clearly show shows that with the powder detergent component according to the invention in Examples 6 and 7 significantly lower incrustations than compared to State of the art (Examples 4 and 5) can be found.

Examples 9 and 10 below relate to the production and testing of a Dishwashing composition.

For this purpose, two machine dishwashing detergents in granular form were produced in a Lödige ploughshare mixer, the ingredients being mixed in the order given in Table 4. Compositions of Examples 9 and 10 ingredients Content (% by weight) Example 9 Example 10 (comparison) cleaning additive 31 - SKS-6 - 20 sodium 19.5 23.5 Nio-surfactant 1.5 1.5 Trisodium citrate dihydrate 30 30 sodium polycarboxylate - 7 TAED 5 5 enzymes 3 3 Sodium percarbonate 10 10

The detergent additive used in Example 9 is one according to Table 1, Example 3. Its composition corresponds approximately to the sum of SKS-6 and sodium polycarboxylate in example 10.

The washing and cleaning agent component according to the invention in the present dishwashing agent formulation Example 9 is particularly high Cleaning ability off (test according to DIN 44990). It is particularly suitable for burned and to remove protein-containing food residues and tea stains. In addition, it has a pronounced Dispersion behavior, especially towards fiber-containing food residues.

In addition, the detergent and cleaning agent component according to the invention prevents Present dishwashing detergent glass and decor damage.

Claims (22)

1. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient which comprises a reaction product of an alkaline silicate and an acidic polycarboxylate.
2. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of alkaline silicate to acidic polycarboxylate is (40 to 1):1.
3. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of alkaline silicate to acidic polycarboxylate is (20 to 2):1.
4. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polycarboxylate used is an unneutralized or only partially neutralized homo- and/or copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, polyaspartic acid, saccharic acid and/or other monomers.
5. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 4, which comprises from 50 to 98% by weight of an alkaline silicate and from 2 to 50% by weight of a copolymer of from 10 to 70% by weight of maleic acid, from 20 to 85% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, from 1 to 50% by weight of vinyl acetate and from 0 to 10% by weight of other monomers having a degree of neutralization of from 0 to 70%.
6. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the alkaline silicate has the formula xM₂O ySiO₂ zH₂O having a molar ratio of SiO₂ to M₂O of (1 to 3.5):1 where z = 0 to 4 and M = Na and/or K, which may contain up to 1% by weight of other elements and/or compounds.
7. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein the alkaline silicate is amorphous sodium silicate.
8. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein the alkaline silicate is a crystalline sodium silicate.
9. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in claim 8, wherein the alkaline silicate is a crystalline sodium phyllosilicate.
10. A pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in one or more of claims 6 to 9, wherein the other elements and/or compounds are aluminum, titanium, iron, calcium, magnesium and/or their compounds.
11. A process for preparing a pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient which comprises depositing an acidic polycarboxylate solution onto an alkaline silicate.
12. A process as claimed in claim 11, wherein from 2 to 60 parts by weight of acidic polycarboxylate solution are deposited onto 100 parts by weight of alkaline silicate.
13. A process as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein from 10 to 40 parts by weight of acidic polycarboxylate solution are deposited onto 100 parts by weight of alkaline silicate.
14. A process as claimed in one or more of claims 11 to 13, wherein the polycarboxylate solution used is an unneutralized or only partially neutralized homo- and/or copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, polyaspartic acid, saccharic acid and/or other monomers.
15. A process as claimed in one or more of claims 11 to 14, wherein the polycarboxylate solution is deposited onto the alkaline silicate in a solids mixer which contains a liquid-spraying device.
16. A process as claimed in one or more of claims 11 to 15, wherein the reaction product of alkaline silicate and acidic polycarboxylate solution is dried at temperatures of from 40 to 150°C for a period of from 5 to 120 minutes.
17. The use of the pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 10 or prepared by the process of claims 11 to 16 for preparing detergents.
18. The use of the pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 10 or prepared by the process of claims 11 to 16 for preparing pulverulent detergents by the dry mixing process.
19. The use of the pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 10 or prepared by the process of claims 11 to 16 for preparing cleaning detergent compositions.
20. The use of the pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 10 or prepared by the process of claims 11 to 16 for preparing cleaning detergent compositions for cleaning hard surfaces.
21. The use of the pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 10 or prepared by the process of claims 11 to 16 for preparing dishwashing compositions.
22. The use of the pulverulent laundry and cleaning detergents ingredient as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 10 or prepared by the process of claims 11 to 16 for preparing dishwashing compositions for automatic dishwashing.

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