[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0845020A1 - Compositions de refrigerants - Google Patents

Compositions de refrigerants

Info

Publication number
EP0845020A1
EP0845020A1 EP96927147A EP96927147A EP0845020A1 EP 0845020 A1 EP0845020 A1 EP 0845020A1 EP 96927147 A EP96927147 A EP 96927147A EP 96927147 A EP96927147 A EP 96927147A EP 0845020 A1 EP0845020 A1 EP 0845020A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
refrigerant composition
refrigerant
azeotropic refrigerant
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96927147A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Llewellyn Powell
Stuart Corr
Frederick Thomas Murphy
James David Morrison
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0845020A1 publication Critical patent/EP0845020A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/106—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/34—The mixture being non-azeotropic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions and more particularly to non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions which can be used in the low temperature refrigeration applications currently satisfied by refrigerant R-502 which is an azeotropic mixture of chlorodifluoromethane (refrigerant R-22) and chloropentafluoroethane (refrigerant R-115).
  • refrigerant R-502 which is an azeotropic mixture of chlorodifluoromethane (refrigerant R-22) and chloropentafluoroethane (refrigerant R-115).
  • Heat transfer devices of the mechanical compression type such as refrigerators, freezers, heat pumps and air conditioning systems are well known.
  • a refrigerant liquid of a suitable boiling point evaporates at low pressure taking heat from a surrounding heat transfer fluid.
  • the resulting vapour is then compressed and passes to a condenser where it condenses and gives off heat to another heat transfer fluid.
  • the condensate is then returned through an expansion valve to the evaporator so completing the cycle.
  • the mechanical energy required for compressing the vapour and pumping the liquid may be provided by an electric motor or an internal combustion engine.
  • the properties preferred of a refrigerant include low toxicity, non-flammability, non-corrosivit , high stability and freedom from objectionable odour.
  • the present invention provides a non-azeotropic refrigerant composition comprising a mixture of compounds having low or zero ozone depletion potentials which can be used in the low temperature refrigeration applications currently satisfied by refrigerant R-502.
  • the non-azeotropic refrigerant composition of the invention can exhibit an advantageously high refrigeration capacity.
  • non-azeotropic (zeotropic) refrigerant composition comprising:
  • the zeotropic refrigerant composition of the invention comprises four separate components.
  • the first component (component (A)) is carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) which exhibits a low temperature refrigeration action subliming at around -78.5°C.
  • the second component (component (B)) is pentafluoroethane (R-125) which has a boiling point of around -48.5°C.
  • the third component (component (C)) is propane (R-290) which has a boiling point of around -42.1°C.
  • the fourth component (component (D) ) is chlorodifluoromethane (R-22) which has a boiling point of around -40.8°C.
  • the amounts of the various components in the refrigerant composition may be varied within wide limits, but typically the refrigerant composition will comprise from 1 to 20 1 by weight C0 2 , from 25 to 70 Z by weight R-125, from 0.5 to 15 Z by weight R-290 and from 25 to 70 Z by weight R-22.
  • a preferred refrigerant composition of the invention in terms of its suitability as a replacement for refrigerant R-502 is one comprising from 1 to 15 2 by weight C0 2 , from 30 to 65 Z by weight R-125, from 0.5 to 10 Z by weight R-290 and from 30 to 65 Z by weight R-22.
  • a particularly preferred refrigerant composition of the invention in terms of its suitability as a replacement for refrigerant R-502 is one comprising from 1 to 15 I by weight, more particularly from 2 to 10 Z by weight, C0 2 , from 50 to 65 % by weight, more particularly from 50 to 60 Z by weight, R-125, from 0.5 to 10 Z by weight, more particularly from 1 to 5 Z by weight, R-290 and from 30 to 45 X by weight, more particularly from 30 to 40 X by weight, R-22.
  • An especially preferred refrigerant composition of the invention is one comprising from 2 to 5 X by weight C0 2 , from 55 to 60 Z by weight R-125, from 1 to 3 Z by weight R-290 and from 35 to 40 X by weight R-22.
  • Another particularly preferred refrigerant composition of the invention in terms of its suitability as a replacement for refrigerant R-502 is one comprising from 1 to 15 Z by weight, more particularly from 2 to 10 Z by weight, C0 2 , from 30 to 45 Z by weight, more particularly from 30 to 40 Z by weight, R-125, from 0.5 to 10 Z by weight, more particularly from 1 to 5 Z by weight, R-290 and from 50 to 65 Z by weight, more particularly from 50 to 60 Z by weight, R-22.
  • An especially preferred refrigerant composition of the invention is one comprising from 2 to 5 Z by weight C0 2 , from 35 to 40 X by weight R-125, from 1 to 3 2 by weight R-290 and from 55 to 60 Z by weight R-22.
  • the refrigerant composition of the invention may be used in combination with the types of lubricants which have been specially developed for use with hydrofluorocarbon based refrigerants.
  • Such lubricants include those comprising a polyoxyalkylene glycol base oil.
  • Suitable polyoxyalkylene glycols include hydroxyl group initiated polyoxyalkylene glycols, e.g. ethylene and/or propylene oxide oligomers/polymers initiated on mono- or polyhydric alcohols such as methanol, butanol, pentaerythritol and glycerol.
  • Such polyoxyalkylene glycols may also be end-capped with suitable terminal groups such as alkyl, e.g. methyl groups.
  • lubricants which have been developed for use with hydrofluorocarbon based refrigerants and which may be used in combination with the present refrigerant compositions are those comprising a neopentyl polyol ester base oil derived from the reaction of at least one neopentyl polyol and at least one aliphatic carboxylic acid or an esterifiable derivative thereof.
  • Suitable neopentyl polyols for the formation of the ester base oil include pentaerythritol, polypentaerythritols such as di- and tripentaerythritol, trimethylol alkanes such as trimethylol ethane and trimethylol propane, and neopentyl glycol.
  • the esters may be formed with linear and/or branched aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as linear and/or branched alkanoic acids. Preferred acids are selected from the C 5 _ 8 , particularly the C 5 _ 7 , linear alkanoic acids and the C 5 _ 10 , particularly the C 5 _ 9 , branched alkanoic acids.
  • a minor proportion of an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid may also be used in the synthesis of the ester in order to increase the viscosity thereof.
  • an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid e.g. an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid
  • the amount of the carboxylic acid(s) which is used in the synthesis will be sufficient to esterify all of the hydroxyl groups contained in the polyol, although residual hydroxyl functionality may be acceptable.
  • the zeotropic refrigerant composition of the present invention may be used to provide the desired cooling in heat transfer devices such as low temperature refrigeration systems by a method which involves condensing the refrigerant composition and thereafter evaporating it in a heat exchange relationship with a heat transfer fluid to be cooled.
  • the refrigerant composition of the invention may be employed as a replacement for refrigerant R-502 in low temperature refrigeration applications.
  • a composition comprising 2 X by weight C0 2 , 58.8 X by weight R-125, 2 Z by weight R-290 and 37.2 1 by weight R-22.
  • composition comprising 5 Z by weight C0 2 , 57 Z by weight R-125, 1.9 Z by weight R-290 and 36.1 Z by weight R-22.
  • composition comprising 10 Z by weight C0 2 , 54 Z by weight R-125, 1.8 Z by weight R-290 and 34.2 Z by weight R-22.
  • a composition comprising 2 Z by weight C0 2 , 37.2 Z by weight R-125, 2 Z by weight R-290 and 58.8 Z by weight R-22.
  • a composition comprising 5 Z by weight C0 2 , 36.1 Z by weight R-125, 1.9 Z by weight R-290 and 57 Z by weight R-22.
  • a composition comprising 10 Z by weight C0 2 , 34.2 X by weight R-125, 1.8 X by weight R-290 and 54 Z by weight R-22.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition de réfrigérant non azéotropique comprenant (A) du dioxyde de carbone (CO2), (B) du pentafluoroéthane (R-125), (C) du propane (R-290) et (D) du chlorodifluorométhane (R-22).
EP96927147A 1995-08-18 1996-08-12 Compositions de refrigerants Withdrawn EP0845020A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9516919 1995-08-18
GBGB9516919.9A GB9516919D0 (en) 1995-08-18 1995-08-18 Refrigerant compositions
PCT/GB1996/001956 WO1997007180A1 (fr) 1995-08-18 1996-08-12 Compositions de refrigerants

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0845020A1 true EP0845020A1 (fr) 1998-06-03

Family

ID=10779409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96927147A Withdrawn EP0845020A1 (fr) 1995-08-18 1996-08-12 Compositions de refrigerants

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0845020A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11511191A (fr)
AU (1) AU6707796A (fr)
CA (1) CA2227910A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9516919D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997007180A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7861541B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-01-04 Tiax Llc System and method of refrigeration

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004198063A (ja) * 2002-12-20 2004-07-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 非共沸混合冷媒および冷凍サイクル、並びに冷凍装置
JP2004198062A (ja) * 2002-12-20 2004-07-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷凍装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69118208T2 (de) * 1990-07-26 1996-09-05 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del. Quasi-azeotrope Mischungen zur Verwendung als Kältemittel
DE4116274C2 (de) * 1991-05-17 1998-03-19 Forschungszentrum Fuer Kaeltet Kältemittel
US5360566A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-11-01 Intermagnetics General Corporation Hydrocarbon refrigerant for closed cycle refrigerant systems
IT1270960B (it) * 1993-08-13 1997-05-26 Ausimont Spa Miscele ternarie quasi azeotropiche con fluidi refrigeranti

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9707180A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7861541B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-01-04 Tiax Llc System and method of refrigeration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2227910A1 (fr) 1997-02-27
GB9516919D0 (en) 1995-10-18
JPH11511191A (ja) 1999-09-28
WO1997007180A1 (fr) 1997-02-27
AU6707796A (en) 1997-03-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6117356A (en) Refrigerant compositions
US6106740A (en) Non-azeotropic refrigerant composition of CO2, R-125, R-143a and R-22
EP0772659B1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
EP0770113B1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
EP0845019A1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
EP0770112B1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
EP0845021A1 (fr) Compositions de refrigerants
WO1996003472A1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
EP0922077B1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
EP0922075B1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
WO1993014173A1 (fr) Compositions utilisees comme refrigerants
WO1997007180A1 (fr) Compositions de refrigerants
WO1996002605A1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002603A1 (fr) Compositions refrigerantes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19980122

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19990712

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19991123