EP0841686B1 - Metal halide high pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents
Metal halide high pressure discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
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- EP0841686B1 EP0841686B1 EP97115535A EP97115535A EP0841686B1 EP 0841686 B1 EP0841686 B1 EP 0841686B1 EP 97115535 A EP97115535 A EP 97115535A EP 97115535 A EP97115535 A EP 97115535A EP 0841686 B1 EP0841686 B1 EP 0841686B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamp according
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- discharge vessel
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- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OCVXZQOKBHXGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine(1+) Chemical compound [I+] OCVXZQOKBHXGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
- H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. It goes in particular from EP 0 702 394 A2.
- Such lamps are characterized, among other things, by good to very good color rendering (R a ⁇ 80) and color temperatures in the range between approx. 4000 K and 7000 K. These values are achieved with light yields of typically more than 70 lm / W. These lamps are therefore suitable for general lighting as well as for special lighting purposes, e.g. projection technology, effect and stage lighting as well as for photo, film and television recordings.
- the electrical power consumption is between approx. 35 W and 5000 W. Typical power levels for general lighting are 150 W and 400 W. For special lighting, such as video projection, higher wattages are usually required, typically 575 W and more.
- EP 0 702 394 A2 describes a high pressure metal halide discharge lamp disclosed with an ionizable filling consisting of inert gas, mercury, Halogen, the elements thallium (Tl), cesium (Cs) and hafnium (Hf) for the formation of halides, with Hf completely or only partially Zircon (Zr) can be replaced, as well as the rare earth metals (SE) dysprosium (Dy) and / or Gadolinium (Gd).
- an ionizable filling consisting of inert gas, mercury, Halogen, the elements thallium (Tl), cesium (Cs) and hafnium (Hf) for the formation of halides, with Hf completely or only partially Zircon (Zr) can be replaced, as well as the rare earth metals (SE) dysprosium (Dy) and / or Gadolinium (Gd).
- Another aspect is the increase in luminous flux and in particular the Luminance.
- the basic idea of the invention is to specifically fill the yttrium (Y) to add. It has been shown that this measure can reduce the tendency to devitrification.
- Y yttrium
- the addition of yttrium opens up the possibility of the filling quantity to reduce cesium, even to cesium as a filling component to do without entirely. This is particularly advantageous for projection lamps Aspect of the invention significant. Will the amount of cesium in the filling reduced, the luminous flux increases. On the other hand the discharge arc is also increasingly contracting. Consequently, the crucial for the projection technology luminance of the discharge arc even disproportionately compared to the increase in luminous flux. In front With this in mind, the big advantage is obvious due to the addition an appropriate filling amount of yttrium reduce the filling amount of cesium, to be able to completely do without cesium.
- Cesium Due to the reduction of the luminous flux through the filling component Cesium is desirable to reduce the amount of cesium itself. However, this measure inevitably led to the state of the art to a rapid clear devitrification of the discharge vessel and was consequently not practical so far. Only through the addition according to the invention of yttrium is even possible, even with highly loaded metal halide discharge lamps without reducing the cesium content at the same time unacceptably increase the devitrification.
- the ionizable filling of the discharge vessel also contains the following further elements for the formation of corresponding halides: thallium (Tl), hafnium (Hf), where the Hf can be replaced in whole or in part by zirconium (Zr) and the two or one of the two rare earth metals (SE) dysprosium (Dy) and / or gadolinium (Gd).
- the filling also contains at least one inert gas, mercury (Hg) and at least one halogen. Iodine (I) and / or bromine (Br) are preferably used as halogens for the formation of the halides.
- the inert gas for example argon (Ar) with a typical filling pressure in the order of up to approx. 40 kPa, is used to ignite the discharge.
- the desired operating voltage is set by Hg. Typical amounts for Hg are in the range between approx. 10 mg and 30 mg per cm 3 of vessel volume for burning voltages between 50 V and 100 V.
- the molar fill quantities of Tl, Dy and optionally Gd are typically up to 15 ⁇ mol, up to 30 ⁇ mol or up to 0.6 ⁇ mol per cm 3 of the vessel volume.
- the molar amount of Hf and / or Zr is in the range between 0.005 ⁇ mol and 35 ⁇ mol, preferably in the range between 0.05 ⁇ mol and 5 ⁇ mol per cm 3 of the volume of the discharge vessel.
- the filling quantity of the optional C is up to 30 ⁇ mol per cm 3 of the vessel volume.
- Another advantage of the invention is the possibility, depending on the requirement to the lamp, the effect of yttrium on the one hand for a net reduction the tendency to devitrify with otherwise unchanged lighting properties to use.
- the luminous flux can also be or increase the luminance with an otherwise unchanged tendency to devitrification. It is also possible to take a middle course.
- part of the amount of rare earth metal for example dysprosium, which is customary without yttrium, is replaced by yttrium in molar equivalent.
- Typical molar ratio between yttrium (Y) and the rare earth metal (s) (SE) are in the range 0.5 ⁇ Y / SE ⁇ 2.
- Preferably 50% of the amount of the rare earth metal or the rare earth metals by yttrium is molar equivalent replaced.
- the molar ratio between yttrium and the rare earth metal (s), for example dysprosium is therefore preferably one.
- the usual amount without yttrium is added of the cesium reduced so far that the devitrification tendency compared to the Filling without yttrium remains unchanged.
- the amount can be of the cesium disproportionately compared to the amount of yttrium added to reduce.
- 50% of the usual amount for the has proven itself Rare earth metal to be replaced by yttrium and the previous one Halve the usual amount of cesium.
- the discharge vessel is preferably operated within an outer bulb which is evacuated for particularly good color rendering.
- the outer bulb contains a gas filling, for example up to 70 kPa nitrogen (N 2 ) or up to 40 kPa carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), although the color rendering is somewhat reduced.
- a 575 W lamp 1 for projection purposes is shown schematically in the figure. It consists of a two-sided sealed discharge vessel 2 Quartz glass that evacuated from a cylindrical, one-sided base Outer bulb 3 is enclosed. One end of the outer bulb 3 has a rounded crest 17, whereas the other end one Has pinch seal and cemented into a socket 19 (type G22) is.
- the electrodes 4, 5 opposite each other at a distance of 4 mm are melted gas-tight into the discharge vessel 2 by means of foils 6, 7 made of molybdenum.
- the power leads 8,9 are each with the first ends two solid lead wires 20, 21 connected.
- the second ends of the Lead wires 20, 21 are squeezed into the base of the outer bulb 3, whereby the discharge vessel 2 is axially fixed in the interior of the outer bulb 3 is.
- Power leads are the lead wires 20, 21 with the electrical Connections 24, 25 of the socket 19 connected.
- One in the base 19 between the terminals 24, 25 arranged mica plate 26 is used for electrical Insulation.
- the filling contains 60 mg Hg and 22 kPa Ar as the base gas. Furthermore contains the discharge vessel 2 listed in Table 1 below Filling components in the quantities specified there in mass units. Table 2 shows the molar amounts calculated therefrom and the corresponding ones values related to the volume of the discharge vessel.
- the electrode spacing and the volume of the discharge vessel are 4 mm and approx. 3.5 cm 3, respectively.
- the specific arc power and the burning voltage are approx. 144 W per mm arc length or 62 V. Table 3 shows the lighting values achieved.
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- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Sie geht dabei insbesondere von der EP 0 702 394 A2 aus.The invention relates to a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. It goes in particular from EP 0 702 394 A2.
Derartige Lampen zeichnen sich unter anderem durch eine gute bis sehr gute Farbwiedergabe (Ra ≥ 80) und Farbtemperaturen im Bereich zwischen ca. 4000 K und 7000 K aus. Erreicht werden diese Werte bei Lichtausbeuten von typisch mehr als 70 lm/W. Diese Lampen eignen sich daher sowohl für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung als auch für Sonderbeleuchtungszwecke, z.B. Projektionstechnik, Effekt- und Bühnenbeleuchtung sowie für Foto-, Film-, und Fernsehaufnahmen. Die elektrischen Leistungsaufnahmen betragen zwischen ca. 35 W und 5000 W. Typische Leistungsstufen für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung sind 150 W und 400 W. Für die Sonderbeleuchtung, z.B. Videoprojektion sind in der Regel höhere Wattstufen erforderlich, typisch 575 W und mehr.Such lamps are characterized, among other things, by good to very good color rendering (R a ≥ 80) and color temperatures in the range between approx. 4000 K and 7000 K. These values are achieved with light yields of typically more than 70 lm / W. These lamps are therefore suitable for general lighting as well as for special lighting purposes, e.g. projection technology, effect and stage lighting as well as for photo, film and television recordings. The electrical power consumption is between approx. 35 W and 5000 W. Typical power levels for general lighting are 150 W and 400 W. For special lighting, such as video projection, higher wattages are usually required, typically 575 W and more.
In der EP 0 702 394 A2 ist eine Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe offenbart mit einer ionisierbaren Füllung, bestehend aus Inertgas, Quecksilber, Halogen, den Elementen Thallium (Tl), Cäsium (Cs) und Hafnium (Hf) zur Bildung von Halogeniden, wobei Hf ganz oder auch nur teilweise durch Zirkon (Zr) ersetzt sein kann, sowie den Seltenen Erdmetallen (SE) Dysprosium (Dy) und/oder Gadolinium (Gd).EP 0 702 394 A2 describes a high pressure metal halide discharge lamp disclosed with an ionizable filling consisting of inert gas, mercury, Halogen, the elements thallium (Tl), cesium (Cs) and hafnium (Hf) for the formation of halides, with Hf completely or only partially Zircon (Zr) can be replaced, as well as the rare earth metals (SE) dysprosium (Dy) and / or Gadolinium (Gd).
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zu schaffen, die eine Farbtemperatur zwischen 4000 K und 7000 K, einen Farbwiedergabeindex Ra ≥ 80 und gleichzeitig ein verbessertes Entglasungsverhalten aufweist.It is an object of the present invention to provide a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1, which has a color temperature between 4000 K and 7000 K, a color rendering index R a ≥ 80 and at the same time an improved devitrification behavior.
Ein weiterer Aspekt ist die Erhöhung des Lichtstroms und insbesondere der Leuchtdichte.Another aspect is the increase in luminous flux and in particular the Luminance.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved. Particularly advantageous configurations can be found in the dependent ones Claims.
Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, der Füllung gezielt Yttrium (Y) zuzusetzen. Es hat sich nämlich gezeigt, daß sich durch diese Maßnahme die Entglasungsneigung reduzieren läßt. Durch Entglasung des Lampenkolbens, d.h. durch die Umwandlung vom glasförmigen in den kristallinen Zustand, verringert sich der Nutzlichtstrom mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer der Lampe. Außerdem verkürzt zunehmende Entglasung die Lebensdauer, da der Lampenkolben an Stabilität einbüßt.The basic idea of the invention is to specifically fill the yttrium (Y) to add. It has been shown that this measure can reduce the tendency to devitrification. By devitrification of the lamp bulb, i.e. by converting from glass to crystalline Condition, the useful luminous flux decreases with increasing operating time the lamp. In addition, increasing devitrification shortens the lifespan, because the lamp bulb loses stability.
Darüber hinaus eröffnet die Zugabe von Yttrium die Möglichkeit, die Füllmenge von Cäsium zu reduzieren, ja sogar auf Cäsium als Füllungsbestandteil ganz zu verzichten. Gerade für Projektionslampen ist dieser vorteilhafte Aspekt der Erfindung bedeutsam. Wird die Menge Cäsium in der Füllung verringert, erhöht sich nämlich zum einen der Lichtstrom. Zum anderen kontrahiert auch der Entladungsbogen zunehmend. Folglich erhöht sich die für die Projektionstechnik ausschlaggebende Leuchtdichte des Entladungsbogens sogar überproportional im Vergleich zur Lichtstromzunahme. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist der große Vorteil offensichtlich, aufgrund der Zugabe einer entsprechenden Füllmenge Yttrium die Füllmenge von Cäsium reduzieren, ja sogar auf Cäsium völlig verzichten zu können.In addition, the addition of yttrium opens up the possibility of the filling quantity to reduce cesium, even to cesium as a filling component to do without entirely. This is particularly advantageous for projection lamps Aspect of the invention significant. Will the amount of cesium in the filling reduced, the luminous flux increases. On the other hand the discharge arc is also increasingly contracting. Consequently, the crucial for the projection technology luminance of the discharge arc even disproportionately compared to the increase in luminous flux. In front With this in mind, the big advantage is obvious due to the addition an appropriate filling amount of yttrium reduce the filling amount of cesium, to be able to completely do without cesium.
Aufgrund der Verringerung des Lichtstroms durch den Füllungsbestandteil Cäsium ist eine Reduzierung der Füllmenge des Cäsium an sich wünschenswert. Beim Stand der Technik führte diese Maßnahme aber unweigerlich zu einer raschen deutlichen Entglasung des Entladungsgefäßes und war folglich bisher nicht praktikabel. Erst durch die erfindungsgemäße Zugabe von Yttrium ist es überhaupt möglich, auch bei hochbelasteten Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampen den Cäsiumanteil zu verringern, ohne dadurch gleichzeitig die Entglasung unakzeptabel zu erhöhen.Due to the reduction of the luminous flux through the filling component Cesium is desirable to reduce the amount of cesium itself. However, this measure inevitably led to the state of the art to a rapid clear devitrification of the discharge vessel and was consequently not practical so far. Only through the addition according to the invention of yttrium is even possible, even with highly loaded metal halide discharge lamps without reducing the cesium content at the same time unacceptably increase the devitrification.
Für den Fall, daß auf Cäsium in der Füllung völlig verzichtet wird, muß allerdings auch bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lampe mit Yttriumzusatz eine erhöhte Entglasungsneigung in Kauf genommen werden. Man wird deshalb die cäsiumfreie Füllung nur wählen, wenn maximale Werte für den Lichtstrom und die Leuchtdichte höchste Priorität haben.In the event that cesium in the filling is completely dispensed with, however also in the lamp according to the invention with yttrium addition increased devitrification tendency to be accepted. One becomes therefore choose the cesium-free filling only if maximum values for the Luminous flux and luminance have top priority.
Außer dem bereits genannten Yttrium sowie optionalen Cäsium enthält die ionisierbare Füllung des Entladungsgefäßes noch folgende weitere Elemente zur Bildung von entsprechenden Halogeniden: Thallium (Tl), Hafnium (Hf), wobei das Hf ganz oder nur teilweise durch Zirkon (Zr) ersetzt sein kann sowie die beiden oder eines der beiden Seltenen Erdmetalle (SE) Dysprosium (Dy) und/oder Gadolinium (Gd). Weiter enthält die Füllung noch mindestens ein Inertgas, Quecksilber (Hg) und mindestens ein Halogen. Als Halogene für die Bildung der Halogenide wird vorzugsweise Jod (I) und/oder Brom (Br) verwendet. Das Inertgas, z.B. Argon (Ar) mit einem typischen Fülldruck in der Größenordnung von bis zu ca. 40 kPa dient zur Zündung der Entladung. Die gewünschte Brennspannung wird durch Hg eingestellt. Typische Mengen für Hg liegen im Bereich zwischen ca. 10 mg und 30 mg pro cm3 Gefäßvolumen für Brennspannungen zwischen 50 V und 100 V.In addition to the already mentioned yttrium and optional cesium, the ionizable filling of the discharge vessel also contains the following further elements for the formation of corresponding halides: thallium (Tl), hafnium (Hf), where the Hf can be replaced in whole or in part by zirconium (Zr) and the two or one of the two rare earth metals (SE) dysprosium (Dy) and / or gadolinium (Gd). The filling also contains at least one inert gas, mercury (Hg) and at least one halogen. Iodine (I) and / or bromine (Br) are preferably used as halogens for the formation of the halides. The inert gas, for example argon (Ar) with a typical filling pressure in the order of up to approx. 40 kPa, is used to ignite the discharge. The desired operating voltage is set by Hg. Typical amounts for Hg are in the range between approx. 10 mg and 30 mg per cm 3 of vessel volume for burning voltages between 50 V and 100 V.
Die molaren Füllmengen von Tl, Dy und gegebenenfalls Gd betragen typisch bis 15 µmol, bis 30 µmol bzw. bis 0,6 µmol pro cm3 des Gefäßvolumens. Die molare Füllmenge von Hf und/oder Zr liegt im Bereich zwischen 0,005 µmol und 35 µmol, bevorzugt im Bereich zwischen 0,05 µmol und 5 µmol pro cm3 des Volumens des Entladungsgefäßes. Die Füllmenge des optionalen Cs beträgt gegebenenfalls bis 30 µmol pro cm3 des Gefäßvolumens.The molar fill quantities of Tl, Dy and optionally Gd are typically up to 15 µmol, up to 30 µmol or up to 0.6 µmol per cm 3 of the vessel volume. The molar amount of Hf and / or Zr is in the range between 0.005 µmol and 35 µmol, preferably in the range between 0.05 µmol and 5 µmol per cm 3 of the volume of the discharge vessel. The filling quantity of the optional C is up to 30 µmol per cm 3 of the vessel volume.
Mit diesem Füllungssystem wird trotz hohen spezifischen Bogenleistungen (typisch > ca. 60 W pro mm Bogenlänge, insbesondere ca. 140 W pro mm Bogenlänge) bzw. hohen Wandbelastungen eine geringe Entglasungsneigung erzielt.With this filling system, despite high specific arch outputs (typically> approx. 60 W per mm arc length, in particular approx. 140 W per mm Arc length) or high wall loads a low devitrification tendency achieved.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist die Möglichkeit, je nach Anforderung an die Lampe, die Wirkung des Yttriums zum einen für eine netto Verringerung der Entglasungsneigung bei sonst unveränderten lichttechnischen Eigenschaften zu nutzten. Zum anderen läßt sich aber auch der Lichtstrom bzw. die Leuchtdichte erhöhen, bei ansonsten unveränderter Entglasungsneigung. Außerdem ist es auch möglich einen Mittelweg zu beschreiten.Another advantage of the invention is the possibility, depending on the requirement to the lamp, the effect of yttrium on the one hand for a net reduction the tendency to devitrify with otherwise unchanged lighting properties to use. On the other hand, the luminous flux can also be or increase the luminance with an otherwise unchanged tendency to devitrification. It is also possible to take a middle course.
Bei der ersten Variante wird ein Teil der ohne Yttrium üblichen Menge des Seltenen Erdmetalls, z.B. Dysprosium, durch Yttrium moläquivalent ersetzt. Typische Molverhältnis zwischen Yttrium (Y) und dem (den) Seltenen Erdmetall(en) (SE) liegen im Bereich 0,5 < Y/SE < 2. Bevorzugt ist 50 % der Menge des Seltenen Erdmetalls bzw. der Seltenen Erdmetalle durch Yttrium moläquivalent ersetzt. Das molare Verhältnis zwischen Yttrium und dem (den) Seltenen Erdmetall(en), z.B. Dysprosium, beträgt also bevorzugt eins. In the first variant, part of the amount of rare earth metal, for example dysprosium, which is customary without yttrium, is replaced by yttrium in molar equivalent. Typical molar ratio between yttrium (Y) and the rare earth metal (s) (SE) are in the range 0.5 < Y / SE <2. Preferably 50% of the amount of the rare earth metal or the rare earth metals by yttrium is molar equivalent replaced. The molar ratio between yttrium and the rare earth metal (s), for example dysprosium, is therefore preferably one.
Bei der zweiten Variante wird zusätzlich die ohne Yttrium übliche Menge des Cäsiums soweit reduziert, daß die Entglasungsneigung gegenüber der Füllung ohne Yttrium unverändert bleibt. Typischerweise läßt sich die Menge des Cäsium im molaren Vergleich zur zugesetzten Yttrium Menge überproportional reduzieren.In the second variant, the usual amount without yttrium is added of the cesium reduced so far that the devitrification tendency compared to the Filling without yttrium remains unchanged. Typically, the amount can be of the cesium disproportionately compared to the amount of yttrium added to reduce.
Bewährt hat sich beispielsweise 50 % der bisher üblichen Menge für das Seltene Erdmetall moläquivalent durch Yttrium zu ersetzen und die bisher übliche Menge Cäsium zu halbieren.For example, 50% of the usual amount for the has proven itself Rare earth metal to be replaced by yttrium and the previous one Halve the usual amount of cesium.
Das Entladungsgefäß wird vorzugsweise innerhalb eines Außenkolbens betrieben, der für eine besonders gute Farbwiedergabe evakuiert ist. Zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer enthält der Außenkolben eine Gasfüllung, beispielsweise bis zu 70 kPa Stickstoff (N2) oder bis zu 40 kPa Kohlendioxid (CO2), wobei die Farbwiedergabe allerdings etwas vermindert ist.The discharge vessel is preferably operated within an outer bulb which is evacuated for particularly good color rendering. To increase the service life, the outer bulb contains a gas filling, for example up to 70 kPa nitrogen (N 2 ) or up to 40 kPa carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), although the color rendering is somewhat reduced.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigt die
- Figur
- den Aufbau einer einseitig gesockelten Hochdruckentladungslampe für Projektionszwecke mit zweiseitig gedichtetem Entladungsgefäß und einer Leistungsaufnahme von 575 W.
- Figure
- the construction of a single-ended high-pressure discharge lamp for projection purposes with a double-sided sealed discharge vessel and a power consumption of 575 W.
In der Figur ist eine 575 W Lampe 1 für Projektionszwecke schematisch dargestellt.
Sie besteht aus einem zweiseitig gedichteten Entladungsgefäß 2 aus
Quarzglas, das von einem zylindrischen, einseitig gesockelten evakuierten
Außenkolben 3 umschlossen ist. Das eine Ende des Außenkolbens 3 besitzt
eine abgerundete Kuppe 17, wohingegen das andere Ende eine
Quetschdichtung aufweist und in einen Stecksockel 19 (Typ G22) eingekittet
ist. Die im Abstand von 4 mm einander gegenüberstehenden Elektroden 4, 5
sind mittels Folien 6,7 aus Molybdän gasdicht in das Entladungsgefäß 2 eingeschmolzen.
Die Stromzuführungen 8,9 sind jeweils mit den ersten Enden
zweier massiver Zuleitungsdrähte 20, 21 verbunden. Die zweiten Enden der
Zuleitungsdrähte 20, 21 sind in den Fuß des Außenkolbens 3 eingequetscht,
wodurch das Entladungsgefäß 2 axial im Innern des Außenkolbens 3 fixiert
ist. Mittels der Dichtungsfolien 22, 23 des Fußes und über weitere kurze
Stromzuführungen sind die Zuleitungsdrähte 20, 21 mit den elektrischen
Anschlüssen 24, 25 des Stecksockel 19 verbunden. Eine im Sockel 19 zwischen
den Anschlüssen 24, 25 angeordnete Glimmerplatte 26 dient der elektrischen
Isolierung.A 575 W lamp 1 for projection purposes is shown schematically in the figure.
It consists of a two-sided sealed
Die Füllung enthält 60 mg Hg und 22 kPa Ar als Grundgas. Darüber hinaus
enthält das Entladungsgefäß 2 die in der folgenden Tabelle 1 aufgeführten
Füllungsbestandteile in den dort in Masseneinheiten angegebenen Mengen.
In der Tabelle 2 sind die daraus berechneten molaren Mengen sowie die entsprechenden
auf das Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes bezogenen Werte angegeben.The filling contains 60 mg Hg and 22 kPa Ar as the base gas. Furthermore
contains the
Der Elektrodenabstand und das Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes betragen 4 mm bzw. ca. 3,5 cm3. Die spezifische Bogenleistung und die Brennspannung betragen ca. 144 W pro mm Bogenlänge bzw. 62 V. Tabelle 3 zeigt die erzielten lichttechnischen Werte.The electrode spacing and the volume of the discharge vessel are 4 mm and approx. 3.5 cm 3, respectively. The specific arc power and the burning voltage are approx. 144 W per mm arc length or 62 V. Table 3 shows the lighting values achieved.
Aufgrund des geringen Elektrodenabstands von nur 4 mm sowie des geringen Cäsiumanteils ergibt sich bei dem erzielten Lichtstrom von ca. 48 klm eine entsprechend hohe Leuchtdichte. Dadurch ist die Lampe insbesondere für eine Verwendung in Videoprojektoren pädestiniert. Die Entglasungsneigung ist gering, so daß eine mittlere Lebensdauer von mehr als 1000 h erreicht wird. Due to the small electrode spacing of only 4 mm and the small With the luminous flux of approx. 48 klm, cesium is obtained a correspondingly high luminance. This makes the lamp special Predestined for use in video projectors. The tendency to devitrification is low, so that an average lifespan of more than 1000 h is reached becomes.
Der folgende Vergleich zweier unterschiedlicher Füllungen der Lampe aus
Figur 1 verdeutlicht nochmals die vorteilhafte Wirkung der Erfindung. Die
jeweiligen Füllmengen wurden in diesem Beispiel so gewählt, daß die Entglasungsneigung
bei beiden Füllungen gleich ist. Bei Füllung I handelt es
sich um eine Füllung ohne Yttrium gemäß dem Stand der Technik. Bei Füllung
II handelt es sich hingegen um eine erfindungsgemäße Füllung. Hier ist
die Hälfte der ursprünglichen Menge Dysprosium durch eine moläquivalente
Menge Yttrium ersetzt. Außerdem ist die Füllmenge des Cäsium gegenüber
der Füllung I um die Hälfte verringert. Wie die Tabelle 4 zeigt, wird
mit der erfindungsgemäßen Füllung II ein um ca. 4 % höherer Lichstrom (Φ)
und eine sogar um ca. 17 % höhere Leuchtdichte (L) erzielt.
Claims (12)
- Metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp (1), having a discharge vessel (2), two electrodes (4, 5) and an ionizable fill, which contains at least one inert gas, mercury, at least one halogen and the following elements for forming halides: thallium (T1), hafnium (Hf), it being possible for hafnium to be completely or partially replaced by zirconium (Zr), and the two or one of the two rare earths (RE) dysprosium (Dy) and/or gadolinium (Gd), characterized in that the fill additionally contains yttrium (Y).
- Lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio between yttrium (Y) and the rare earth(s) (RE) lies in the range from 0.5 < Y/RE < 2.
- Lamp according to Claim 2, characterized in that the molar ratio between yttrium and the rare earth(s) is preferably one.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quantity of dysprosium in the fill is up to 30 µmol per cm3 of the volume of the discharge vessel.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quantity of gadolinium in the fill lies in the range from 0 µmol to 0.6 µmol per cm3 of the volume of the discharge vessel.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for applications in which a high light flux and/or a high luminance are top priority, the fill does not contain any caesium.
- Lamp according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that, to achieve a particularly low devitrification tendency, the fill optionally additionally contains up to 30 µmol of caesium per cm3 of the volume of the discharge vessel. - Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quantity of thallium in the fill is up to 15 µmol per cm3 of the volume of the discharge vessel.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quantity of hafnium and/or zirconium in the fill lies in the range between 0.005 µmol and 35 µmol per cm3 of the volume of the discharge vessel, preferably in the range between 0.05 µmol and 5 µmol per cm3 of the volume of the discharge vessel.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the specific arc power is more than 80 W per mm of arc length, in particular more than 120 W per mm of arc length.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the halogens used to form halides are iodine and/or bromine.
- Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge vessel (2) is arranged inside an outer bulb (3) which is capped on one or both sides.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19645959 | 1996-11-07 | ||
| DE19645959A DE19645959A1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Metal halide high pressure discharge lamp |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0841686A2 EP0841686A2 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| EP0841686A3 EP0841686A3 (en) | 1998-06-03 |
| EP0841686B1 true EP0841686B1 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=7810953
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97115535A Expired - Lifetime EP0841686B1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1997-09-08 | Metal halide high pressure discharge lamp |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5929563A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0841686B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10144259A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2218631C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19645959A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69940721D1 (en) | 1998-02-20 | 2009-05-28 | Panasonic Corp | MERCURY-FREE METAL HALOGENIDE LAMP |
| US6479946B2 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-11-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and system for driving high pressure mercury discharge lamp, and image projector |
| DE19916877A1 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-19 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Discharge lamp with base |
| US6608450B2 (en) | 2000-06-13 | 2003-08-19 | Lighttech Group, Inc. | High frequency, high efficiency electronic lighting system with sodium lamp |
| US6555972B1 (en) | 2000-06-13 | 2003-04-29 | Lighttech, Group, Inc. | High frequency, high efficiency electronic lighting system with metal halide lamp |
| US6555971B1 (en) | 2000-06-13 | 2003-04-29 | Lighttech Group, Inc. | High frequency, high efficiency quick restart lighting system |
| DE10044563A1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-21 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Low-pressure gas discharge lamp with copper-containing gas filling |
| US6344717B1 (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2002-02-05 | Lighttech Group, Inc | High frequency, high efficiency electronic lighting system with iodine and/or bromine-based metal halide high pressure discharge lamp |
| US8198811B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2012-06-12 | Imaging Systems Technology | Plasma-Disc PDP |
| US7348735B2 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2008-03-25 | Inventive Holdings Llc | Lamp driver |
| JP4366567B2 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2009-11-18 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | High pressure discharge lamp and manufacturing method thereof |
| US7772773B1 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2010-08-10 | Imaging Systems Technology | Electrode configurations for plasma-dome PDP |
| DE102004019185A1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-10 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | High pressure discharge lamp |
| US8339041B1 (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2012-12-25 | Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. | Plasma-shell gas discharge device with combined organic and inorganic luminescent substances |
| US8368303B1 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2013-02-05 | Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. | Gas discharge device with electrical conductive bonding material |
| US8113898B1 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2012-02-14 | Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. | Gas discharge device with electrical conductive bonding material |
| US8299696B1 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2012-10-30 | Imaging Systems Technology | Plasma-shell gas discharge device |
| DE202005005202U1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-08-10 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | metal halide |
| DE102005026208A1 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2006-12-14 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp |
| US8618733B1 (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2013-12-31 | Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. | Electrode configurations for plasma-shell gas discharge device |
| DE202006001907U1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2006-04-13 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Discharge lamp with potted base |
| US8278824B1 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2012-10-02 | Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. | Gas discharge electrode configurations |
| US8410695B1 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2013-04-02 | Imaging Systems Technology | Gas discharge device incorporating gas-filled plasma-shell and method of manufacturing thereof |
| US8035303B1 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2011-10-11 | Imaging Systems Technology | Electrode configurations for gas discharge device |
| US7486026B2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-02-03 | General Electric Company | Discharge lamp with high color temperature |
| US7984845B2 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2011-07-26 | Millercoors, Llc | Regulated fluid dispensing system packaging |
| US8038039B2 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2011-10-18 | Millercoors, Llc | Regulated fluid dispensing device and method of dispensing a carbonated beverage |
| US7893619B2 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-02-22 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamp |
| JP2012522331A (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2012-09-20 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Gobo projector and moving head |
| US9013102B1 (en) | 2009-05-23 | 2015-04-21 | Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. | Radiation detector with tiled substrates |
| WO2016126643A1 (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-11 | Articmaster Inc. | Energy saving hid lamp |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3514659A (en) * | 1967-07-03 | 1970-05-26 | Sylvania Electric Prod | High pressure vapor discharge lamp with cesium iodide |
| JPS4941875B1 (en) * | 1969-07-31 | 1974-11-12 | ||
| NL7203720A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1973-09-24 | ||
| DE2362923C3 (en) * | 1973-12-18 | 1981-04-30 | Dr. Jacob, Chemische Fabrik Kg, 6550 Bad Kreuznach | Process for the production of ammonium rhodanide |
| DE2362932A1 (en) * | 1973-12-18 | 1975-08-14 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Mercury vapour lamps contg. lanthanide halides - using equal stoichiometric amts. of monovalent and trivalent metals |
| DE2422411A1 (en) * | 1974-05-09 | 1975-12-11 | Philips Patentverwaltung | HIGH PRESSURE MERCURY VAPOR DISCHARGE LAMP |
| JPS5537701A (en) * | 1978-09-07 | 1980-03-15 | Nobuo Oikawa | Fish-luring discharge lamp |
| KR920000942B1 (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1992-01-31 | 도오시바 라이텍크 가부시기가이샤 | Short-arc discharge lamp |
| CN1069149C (en) * | 1994-04-13 | 2001-08-01 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Metal halide lamp |
| DE4432611A1 (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1996-03-21 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Metal halide high pressure discharge lamp |
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 DE DE19645959A patent/DE19645959A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-09-08 EP EP97115535A patent/EP0841686B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-08 DE DE59705467T patent/DE59705467D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-14 US US08/949,546 patent/US5929563A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-20 CA CA002218631A patent/CA2218631C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-04 JP JP9317616A patent/JPH10144259A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0841686A2 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| DE19645959A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| CA2218631C (en) | 2005-05-17 |
| JPH10144259A (en) | 1998-05-29 |
| CA2218631A1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
| DE59705467D1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| US5929563A (en) | 1999-07-27 |
| EP0841686A3 (en) | 1998-06-03 |
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