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EP0802017B1 - Device for honing shafts, particularly crankshafts - Google Patents

Device for honing shafts, particularly crankshafts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0802017B1
EP0802017B1 EP97101583A EP97101583A EP0802017B1 EP 0802017 B1 EP0802017 B1 EP 0802017B1 EP 97101583 A EP97101583 A EP 97101583A EP 97101583 A EP97101583 A EP 97101583A EP 0802017 B1 EP0802017 B1 EP 0802017B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holder
machining
workpiece
collar
pressure shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97101583A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0802017A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred G. Becker
Peter C. Dinardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ernst Thielenhaus GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ernst Thielenhaus GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ernst Thielenhaus GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ernst Thielenhaus GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE29718547U priority Critical patent/DE29718547U1/en
Publication of EP0802017A1 publication Critical patent/EP0802017A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0802017B1 publication Critical patent/EP0802017B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/02Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding rotationally symmetrical surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B35/00Machines or devices designed for superfinishing surfaces on work, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency

Definitions

  • the Pressure shoe fixed, specified dimensions.
  • the sanding belt is wider and settles in the course of fine grinding to the side surfaces of the shoe.
  • the pressure shoe strikes oscillations at the end of the Oscillation stroke on the collar surfaces of the machined Workpiece. Only at the end of an oscillation stroke the sanding belt comes with those to be processed Collar surfaces and those adjoining the collar surfaces rounded transitions in touch.
  • the contact time is short.
  • Inadequate editing of the transitions results between flange surfaces and bearing journal.
  • On the collar surfaces and rounded transitions remain with annular grinding marks disruptive notch effects.
  • the notch effects are the cause of Voltage peaks that occur in highly stressed crankshafts can cause fatigue fracture of the machine part.
  • the invention has for its object in a Device of the type described in the introduction to specify the fine grinding on the rounded Transitions between the shaft section and collar surfaces improve.
  • the invention teaches that Pressure shoe a carrier and on both sides of the carrier has connected actuators that Always keep the sanding belt in place during fine sanding Press on the rounded transitions and collar surfaces and press the Oscillatory movements follow.
  • the invention is based on the Realization that disruptive grinding marks in the area of the The rounded transitions following the collar surfaces are only avoided can be if the sanding belt despite the Oscillating movements that the pressure shoe or that Execute workpiece, constantly in contact with the total area to be processed.
  • This consideration is using the pressure shoe Equip actuators that the oscillatory movements consequences. For further design there are various possibilities, the following are explained.
  • a first embodiment provides that the Actuators from fluid-loaded expansion chambers with variable volume, on the outside of which Sanding belt is applied. There is one at the expansion chambers Fluid supply and distribution device connected so that a during the oscillatory movements fluid exchange changing the volume of the expansion chambers can take place between the expansion chambers. As are fluids gaseous and liquid media can be used.
  • the carrier Molding which consists of a on the end face the sole attached to the wearer and molded onto the sole, there is elastically deformable legs, the legs have an expansion fold and their free leg ends forming the expansion chambers pressure-tight to the Side surfaces of the carrier are connected.
  • the molding is precise, for example, as a molded plastic part inexpensive to manufacture. Material selection and dimensioning of the Thickness of the sole allow adjustment of the Pressure properties of the pressure shoe.
  • the fluid supply and the fluid exchange takes place between the expansion chambers expedient in this version through holes in the carrier.
  • Expansion chambers Another possibility for the constructive design of the Expansion chambers consist in the use of stretchy ones Hoses arranged in side grooves of the wearer are free of gaps and tangential to the grinding belt Connect the end face of the beam.
  • the Actuators designed as cylinder / piston arrangements are, the pistons in the lateral fluid and interconnected cylinder bores of the carrier are used and with the piston shaped elements are connected, the contour of which is to be machined Transitions is adjusted.
  • the form elements can be as Ring segments to be formed on the to be machined Shaft section and the collar surface to be machined have adapted pressure surfaces.
  • the cylinder bores are parallel to the shaft axis in this version aligned.
  • the form elements are essentially the geometry of the rounded transition to be machined adjusted between the collar surface and the journal.
  • the actuators Have sliding elements on the side wedge surfaces of the Carrier against the surfaces of the workpiece to be machined are movable and adapted to the workpiece surfaces Have a contour.
  • the carrier is preferably with cylinder / piston arrangements equipped that work on the sliding elements and this move against the surfaces of the workpiece to be machined.
  • the return movement of the sliding elements, also along the assigned wedge surface, is made by a to the Tension spring connected to sliding elements.
  • the sliding elements exclusively are spring loaded. In this version they are Sliding elements of at least one supported on the carrier Spring applied, which the sliding elements on the Wedge surfaces along against the surfaces to be machined Move workpiece.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that that a shaft section of the workpiece, on both sides adjoining collar areas and rounded transitions between the collar surfaces and the shaft section in one operation can be honed or machined, with all Surfaces a high surface quality is achieved.
  • the figures show sections from a device for the fine grinding of bearing surfaces on shafts, especially crankshafts.
  • the basic structure of the Device include a rotary drive for that machining workpiece, at least one pressure shoe 1 Oscillation drive, the oscillating relative movements in the longitudinal direction between the workpiece 2 and the Pressure shoe 1 generated, and a sanding belt 3, the during processing on the front and side surfaces of the Pressure shoe 1 is applied.
  • the rotary drive and the Oscillation drives are in a manner known per se executable and not shown in the figures.
  • FIGS. 1a to 1d and 3a to 3d one can see that the pressure shoe 1 in one of two Flanges 4 limited annulus of the rotating Workpiece 2 is insertable and the grinding belt 3 against presses a shaft section 5 to be machined, which is arranged between the collar surfaces 4 and by rounded transitions to the collar surfaces 4 connects.
  • the 1a and 3a show the one introduced in the figures Pressure shoe 1 before the start of finishing. Between the abrasive belt 3 resting on the side surfaces and the Collar surfaces 4 there is a gap, so that the Collar surfaces 4 are not damaged by grinding marks can when the pressure shoe 1 is inserted into the annular space becomes.
  • the pressure shoe 1 has a carrier 6 and on both sides the carrier 6 connected actuators 7, the the grinding belt 3 always during fine grinding press against the rounded transitions and collar surfaces 4 and follow the oscillatory movements. From one comparative consideration of FIGS. 1a to 1d and 3a to 3d this is easily understandable. For the constructive design of the adjusting devices 7 There are several options that follow are explained in more detail.
  • Actuators 7 from fluid-loaded expansion chambers 8 with variable volume, on the outside the grinding belt 3 is applied.
  • a device 9 for the fluid supply and Fluid distribution connected to the expansion chambers 8 .
  • a the volume of the Expansion chambers 8 changing fluid exchange between the Expansion chambers 8.
  • the expansion chambers 8 from a molded part 10 placed on the carrier 6 formed, which consists of a on the end face of the carrier 6 attached sole 11 and molded onto the sole 11, there is elastically deformable legs 12.
  • the thigh 12 have an expansion fold 13, and their free Leg ends are forming the expansion chambers 8 pressure-tight on the side surfaces of the carrier 6 connected.
  • the carrier 6 contains holes 9 for one Fluid supply and fluid exchange between the Expansion chambers 8 (Fig. 1b).
  • the molded part 10 can be used as Be molded plastic part.
  • the sole dimensioning the sole thickness and choice of material are the pressure characteristics of the pressure shoe 1 adjustable and changeable.
  • the sole is usually 11 set harder than the areas of the molded part 10 that act on the rounded transitions and collar surfaces 4.
  • Out Fig. 2 shows that the placed on the carrier 6 Molding 10 is designed as a ring segment, the Radius of the ring segment on the one to be machined Shaft section 5 is adapted.
  • the expansion chambers 8 consist of stretchable Hoses 14, which are in the lateral grooves of the carrier 6 are arranged and gap-free and tangential to that End face of the carrier 6 acting on the grinding belt 3 connect.
  • a comparative look at the figures it can be seen that the volume of the tubes 14 through Fluid exchange during the oscillatory movements changed and the hoses 14 to the create machining surfaces 2 of the workpiece while doing so deform. Constant contact of the grinding belt 3 the workpiece surfaces to be machined is independent of the oscillation stroke, ensured in this way.
  • the End face of the carrier 6 and the edge subsequent hoses 14 are to the geometry of the machining shaft section 5 adapted (Fig. 4). Of the Fig. 4 also shows that the workpiece 2 during the Finishing rotates and the pressure shoe 1 in Wavelength direction performs oscillatory movements.
  • the invention consists of the actuators 7 Cylinder / piston arrangements 15/16.
  • the pistons 15 are in lateral fluidized and connected Cylinder bores 16 of the carrier 6 are used. Furthermore are connected to the piston shaped elements 17, the contour is adapted to the transitions to be processed.
  • the Cylinder bores 16 can be parallel to the shaft axis be aligned.
  • the Shaped elements from ring segments attached to the machining shaft section 5 and to machining collar surface 4 adapted pressure surfaces 18th have (see Fig. 5).
  • the cylinder bores 16 can but also angular with an orientation to the machining transitions may be arranged in the carrier 6 (see Fig. 6).
  • the actuators have 7 sliding elements 19 on the side wedge surfaces 20 of the carrier 6 against the surfaces of the workpiece to be machined 2 are movable and one on the workpiece surface have an adapted contour. So that the sliding elements 19 with sufficient pressure on the surfaces to be worked on Workpiece 2 rest, are in the in Fig. 7a, 7b shown embodiment cylinder / piston assemblies 21st provided, which are attached to the carrier 6 and on the Sliding elements 19 work. The cylinder / piston assemblies 21 move the sliding elements 19 against those to be machined Surfaces of the workpiece 2. At the sliding elements 19 is also a tension spring 22 for the return movement connected. In the variant shown in Fig. 8 the sliding elements 19 move along the Wedge surfaces 20 against the surfaces to be machined Workpiece 2 by spring force.
  • the carrier 6 and the Sliding elements 19 are through or in the radial direction several springs 23 arranged one behind the other connected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung für die Feinschleifbearbeitung von Wellen, insbesondere Kurbelwellen, mit

  • einem Rotationsantrieb für das zu bearbeitende Werkstück,
  • mindestens einem Andruckschuh, der in einen von zwei Bundflächen begrenzten Ringraum des rotierenden Werkstückes einführbar ist,
  • einem Oszillationsantrieb, der oszillierende Relativbewegungen in Wellenlängsrichtung zwischen dem Werkstück und dem Andruckschuh erzeugt, und
  • einem Schleifband, das an Stirn- und Seitenflächen des Andruckschuhs anliegt,
  • wobei der Andruckschuh das Schleifband gegen einen zu bearbeitenden Wellenabschnitt drückt, der zwischen den Bundflächen angeordnet ist und durch gerundete Übergänge an die Bundflächen anschließt. - Die Vorrichtung soll vornehmlich einsetzbar sein für das Feinhonen, auch Microfinish und Superfinish genannt, der Mittellager- und Hublagerzapfen von Kurbelwellen (siehe z.B. EP-A-0 219 301). Das Werkstück oder der Andruckschuh führen beim Honen Oszillationsbewegungen aus. Das Schleifband liegt während der Feinschleifbearbeitung in Ruhe an der Stirn- und Seitenfläche des Andruckschuhs an. Bei einem Werkstückwechsel wird es um ein vorgegebenes Längenmaß weiterbewegt und neu positioniert.The invention relates to a device for the fine grinding of shafts, in particular crankshafts
  • a rotary drive for the workpiece to be machined,
  • at least one pressure shoe which can be inserted into an annular space of the rotating workpiece delimited by two collar surfaces,
  • an oscillation drive which generates oscillating relative movements in the longitudinal direction between the workpiece and the pressure shoe, and
  • a sanding belt, which rests on the front and side surfaces of the pressure shoe,
  • wherein the pressure shoe presses the grinding belt against a shaft section to be machined, which is arranged between the flange surfaces and adjoins the flange surfaces by rounded transitions. - The device should be used primarily for fine honing, also called microfinish and superfinishing, the center bearing and pin bearing journals of crankshafts (see, for example, EP-A-0 219 301). The workpiece or the pressure shoe perform oscillatory movements during honing. The grinding belt lies at rest on the front and side surface of the pressure shoe during fine grinding. When changing workpieces, it is moved a predetermined length and repositioned.

    Im Rahmen der aus der Praxis bekannten Maßnahmen besitzt der Andruckschuh feste, vorgegebene Abmessungen. Das Schleifband ist breiter und legt sich im Zuge der Feinschleifbearbeitung an die Seitenflächen des Schuhs an. Im Zuge der Oszillationsbewegungen schlägt der Andruckschuh am Ende des Oszillationshubes an die Bundflächen des zu bearbeitenden Werkstückes an. Lediglich am Ende eines Oszillationshubes kommt das Schleifband folglich mit den zu bearbeitenden Bundflächen und den an die Bundflächen anschließenden gerundeten Übergängen in Berührung. Die Kontaktzeit ist kurz. Es resultiert eine unzureichende Bearbeitung der Übergänge zwischen Bundflächen und Lagerzapfen. An den Bundflächen und gerundeten Übergängen bleiben ringförmige Schleifspuren mit störenden Kerbwirkungen. Die Kerbwirkungen sind Ursache für Spannungsspitzen, die bei hochbeanspruchten Kurbelwellen einen Ermüdungsbruch des Maschinenteils verursachen können.As part of the measures known from practice, the Pressure shoe fixed, specified dimensions. The sanding belt is wider and settles in the course of fine grinding to the side surfaces of the shoe. In the course of The pressure shoe strikes oscillations at the end of the Oscillation stroke on the collar surfaces of the machined Workpiece. Only at the end of an oscillation stroke the sanding belt comes with those to be processed Collar surfaces and those adjoining the collar surfaces rounded transitions in touch. The contact time is short. Inadequate editing of the transitions results between flange surfaces and bearing journal. On the collar surfaces and rounded transitions remain with annular grinding marks disruptive notch effects. The notch effects are the cause of Voltage peaks that occur in highly stressed crankshafts can cause fatigue fracture of the machine part.

    Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art Maßnahmen anzugeben, um die Feinschleifbearbeitung an den gerundeten Übergängen zwischen Wellenabschnitt und Bundflächen zu verbessern.The invention has for its object in a Device of the type described in the introduction to specify the fine grinding on the rounded Transitions between the shaft section and collar surfaces improve.

    Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe lehrt die Erfindung, daß der Andruckschuh einen Träger und beiderseits an den Träger angeschlossene Stelleinrichtungen aufweist, die das Schleifband während der Feinschleifbearbeitung stets an die gerundeten Übergänge und Bundflächen andrücken und den Oszillationsbewegungen folgen. Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß störende Schleifspuren im Bereich der an die Bundflächen anschließenden gerundeten Übergänge nur vermieden werden können, wenn das Schleifband trotz der Oszillationsbewegungen, die der Andruckschuh oder das Werkstück ausführen, ständig in Kontakt bleibt mit der gesamten zu bearbeitenden Fläche. Die technische Umsetzung dieser Überlegung besteht darin, den Andruckschuh mit Stelleinrichtungen auszurüsten, die den Oszillationsbewegungen folgen. Für die weitere konstruktive Ausgestaltung bieten sich verschiedene Möglichkeiten an, die im folgenden erläutert werden.To achieve this object, the invention teaches that Pressure shoe a carrier and on both sides of the carrier has connected actuators that Always keep the sanding belt in place during fine sanding Press on the rounded transitions and collar surfaces and press the Oscillatory movements follow. The invention is based on the Realization that disruptive grinding marks in the area of the The rounded transitions following the collar surfaces are only avoided can be if the sanding belt despite the Oscillating movements that the pressure shoe or that Execute workpiece, constantly in contact with the total area to be processed. The technical implementation this consideration is using the pressure shoe Equip actuators that the oscillatory movements consequences. For further design there are various possibilities, the following are explained.

    Eine erste Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß die Stelleinrichtungen aus fluidbeaufschlagten Expansionskammern mit veränderbarem Volumen bestehen, an deren Außenseite das Schleifband anliegt. An die Expansionskammern ist eine Einrichtung für die Fluidzuführung und Fluidverteilung angeschlossen, so daß während der Oszillationsbewegungen ein das Volumen der Expansionskammern ändernder Fluidaustausch zwischen den Expansionskammern erfolgen kann. Als Fluide sind gasförmige und flüssige Medien einsetzbar. In weiterer Ausgestaltung lehrt die Erfindung, daß auf den Träger ein Formteil aufgesetzt ist, welches aus einer an der Stirnfläche des Trägers befestigten Sohle und an die Sohle angeformten, elastisch verformbaren Schenkeln besteht, wobei die Schenkel eine Dehnungsfalte aufweisen und ihre freien Schenkelenden unter Bildung der Expansionskammern druckdicht an die Seitenflächen des Trägers angeschlossen sind. Das Formteil ist beispielsweise als Kunststofformteil präzise und kostengünstig herstellbar. Materialwahl und Bemessung der Dicke der Sohle ermöglichen eine Anpassung der Andruckeigenschaften des Andruckschuhs. Die Fluidzuführung und der Fluidaustausch zwischen den Expansionskammern erfolgt bei dieser Ausführung zweckmäßig durch Bohrungen im Träger.A first embodiment provides that the Actuators from fluid-loaded expansion chambers with variable volume, on the outside of which Sanding belt is applied. There is one at the expansion chambers Fluid supply and distribution device connected so that a during the oscillatory movements fluid exchange changing the volume of the expansion chambers can take place between the expansion chambers. As are fluids gaseous and liquid media can be used. In another Embodiment teaches the invention that on the carrier Molding is placed, which consists of a on the end face the sole attached to the wearer and molded onto the sole, there is elastically deformable legs, the legs have an expansion fold and their free leg ends forming the expansion chambers pressure-tight to the Side surfaces of the carrier are connected. The molding is precise, for example, as a molded plastic part inexpensive to manufacture. Material selection and dimensioning of the Thickness of the sole allow adjustment of the Pressure properties of the pressure shoe. The fluid supply and the fluid exchange takes place between the expansion chambers expedient in this version through holes in the carrier.

    Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur konstruktiven Gestaltung der Expansionskammern besteht in der Verwendung dehnbarer Schläuche, die in seitlichen Rillen des Trägers angeordnet sind und spaltfrei sowie tangential an die das Schleifband beaufschlagende Stirnfläche des Trägers anschließen.Another possibility for the constructive design of the Expansion chambers consist in the use of stretchy ones Hoses arranged in side grooves of the wearer are free of gaps and tangential to the grinding belt Connect the end face of the beam.

    Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Stelleinrichtungen als Zylinder/Kolbenanordnungen ausgeführt sind, wobei die Kolben in seitliche fluidbeaufschlagte und miteinander verbundene Zylinderbohrungen des Trägers eingesetzt sind und wobei an die Kolben Formelemente angeschlossen sind, deren Kontur an die zu bearbeitenden Übergänge angepaßt ist. Die Formelemente können als Ringsegmente ausgebildet sein, die an den zu bearbeitenden Wellenabschnitt sowie die zu bearbeitende Bundfläche angepaßte Andruckflächen aufweisen. Die Zylinderbohrungen sind bei dieser Ausführung parallel zur Wellenachse ausgerichtet. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es aber auch, die Zylinderbohrungen winkelförmig mit einer Ausrichtung zu den zu bearbeitenden Übergängen hin im Träger anzuordnen. Bei dieser Ausführung sind die Formelemente im wesentlichen an die Geometrie des zu bearbeitenden, gerundeten Übergangs zwischen Bundfläche und Lagerzapfen angepaßt. Another embodiment of the invention provides that the Actuators designed as cylinder / piston arrangements are, the pistons in the lateral fluid and interconnected cylinder bores of the carrier are used and with the piston shaped elements are connected, the contour of which is to be machined Transitions is adjusted. The form elements can be as Ring segments to be formed on the to be machined Shaft section and the collar surface to be machined have adapted pressure surfaces. The cylinder bores are parallel to the shaft axis in this version aligned. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that Cylinder bores angled with an orientation to the to be arranged in the carrier to be processed transitions. At this embodiment, the form elements are essentially the geometry of the rounded transition to be machined adjusted between the collar surface and the journal.

    Eine weitere Möglichkeit für die konstruktive Ausbildung der Stelleinrichtungen besteht darin, daß die Stelleinrichtungen Gleitelemente aufweisen, die an seitlichen Keilflächen des Trägers gegen die zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes bewegbar sind und eine an die Werkstückflächen angepaßte Kontur aufweisen. Um ausreichende Andruckkräfte zu erzeugen, ist der Träger vorzugsweise mit Zylinder/Kolbenanordnungen ausgerüstet, die auf die Gleitelemente arbeiten und diese gegen die zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes bewegen. Die Rückstellbewegung der Gleitelemente, ebenfalls entlang der zugeordneten Keilfläche, erfolgt durch eine an die Gleitelemente angeschlossene Zugfeder. Schließlich liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß die Gleitelemente ausschließlich federbelastet sind. Bei dieser Ausführung sind die Gleitelemente von mindestens einer an dem Träger abgestützten Feder beaufschlagt, welche die Gleitelemente an den Keilflächen entlang gegen die zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes bewegen.Another possibility for the constructive training of Actuators is that the actuators Have sliding elements on the side wedge surfaces of the Carrier against the surfaces of the workpiece to be machined are movable and adapted to the workpiece surfaces Have a contour. In order to generate sufficient pressure forces, the carrier is preferably with cylinder / piston arrangements equipped that work on the sliding elements and this move against the surfaces of the workpiece to be machined. The return movement of the sliding elements, also along the assigned wedge surface, is made by a to the Tension spring connected to sliding elements. After all, it is in the context of the invention that the sliding elements exclusively are spring loaded. In this version they are Sliding elements of at least one supported on the carrier Spring applied, which the sliding elements on the Wedge surfaces along against the surfaces to be machined Move workpiece.

    Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ein Wellenabschnitt des Werkstückes, beidseitig angrenzende Bundflächen sowie gerundete Übergänge zwischen den Bundflächen und dem Wellenabschnitt in einem Arbeitsgang gehont bzw. feinbearbeitet werden können, wobei an allen Flächen eine hohe Oberflächengüte erreicht wird.The device according to the invention is characterized in that that a shaft section of the workpiece, on both sides adjoining collar areas and rounded transitions between the collar surfaces and the shaft section in one operation can be honed or machined, with all Surfaces a high surface quality is achieved.

    Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich Ausführungsbeispiele darstellenden Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch

    Fig. 1a bis 1d
    ausschnittsweise den Längsschnitt durch eine Vorrichtung zum Honen (Superfinish) von Lagerflächen an einer Kurbelwelle in verschiedenen Betriebspositionen,
    Fig. 2
    den Gegenstand aus den Fig. 1a bis 1d in perspektivischer Darstellung,
    Fig. 3a bis 3d
    den Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführung der Vorrichtung, ebenfalls in verschiedenen Betriebsstellungen,
    Fig. 4
    den Gegenstand aus den Fig. 3a bis 3d in perspektivischer Darstellung,
    Fig. 5
    den Längsschnitt durch eine dritte Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, ausschnittsweise und im Längsschnitt,
    Fig. 6
    eine Abwandlung der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Vorrichtung,
    Fig. 7a und 7b
    eine vierte Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, ausschnittsweise und im Längsschnitt sowie in unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen dargestellt,
    Fig.8
    eine Abwandlung des Gegenstandes aus den Fig. 7a und 7b.
    In the following the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing which only shows exemplary embodiments. They show schematically
    1a to 1d
    sections of the longitudinal section through a device for honing (superfinishing) of bearing surfaces on a crankshaft in different operating positions,
    Fig. 2
    1 a to 1 d in perspective representation,
    3a to 3d
    the longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the device, also in different operating positions,
    Fig. 4
    3a to 3d in a perspective view,
    Fig. 5
    the longitudinal section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, in sections and in longitudinal section,
    Fig. 6
    a modification of the device shown in FIG. 5,
    7a and 7b
    a fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention, shown in detail and in longitudinal section and in different operating positions,
    Fig. 8
    a modification of the object from FIGS. 7a and 7b.

    Die Figuren zeigen Ausschnitte aus einer Vorrichtung für die Feinschleifbearbeitung von Lagerflächen an Wellen, insbesondere Kurbelwellen. Zum grundsätzlichen Aufbau der Vorrichtung gehören ein Rotationsantrieb für das zu bearbeitende Werkstück, mindestens ein Andruckschuh 1, ein Oszillationsantrieb, der oszillierende Relativbewegungen in Wellenlängsrichtung zwischen dem Werkstück 2 und dem Andruckschuh 1 erzeugt, sowie ein Schleifband 3, das während der Bearbeitung an Stirn- und Seitenflächen des Andruckschuhs 1 anliegt. Der Rotationsantrieb sowie der Oszillationsantrieb sind in an sich bekannter Weise ausführbar und in den Figuren nicht dargestellt.The figures show sections from a device for the fine grinding of bearing surfaces on shafts, especially crankshafts. The basic structure of the Device include a rotary drive for that machining workpiece, at least one pressure shoe 1 Oscillation drive, the oscillating relative movements in the longitudinal direction between the workpiece 2 and the Pressure shoe 1 generated, and a sanding belt 3, the during processing on the front and side surfaces of the Pressure shoe 1 is applied. The rotary drive and the Oscillation drives are in a manner known per se executable and not shown in the figures.

    Den Figuren, insbesondere Fig. 1a bis 1d und 3a bis 3d, entnimmt man, daß der Andruckschuh 1 in einen von zwei Bundflächen 4 begrenzten Ringraum des rotierenden Werkstückes 2 einführbar ist und das Schleifband 3 gegen einen zu bearbeitenden Wellenabschnitt 5 drückt, der zwischen den Bundflächen 4 angeordnet ist und durch gerundete Übergänge an die Bundflächen 4 anschließt. Die Fig. 1a und 3a zeigen den in den Figuren eingeführten Andruckschuh 1 vor Beginn der Feinbearbeitung. Zwischen dem an den Seitenflächen anliegenden Schleifband 3 und den Bundflächen 4 ist ein Spalt vorhanden, so daß die Bundflächen 4 nicht durch Schleifspuren beschädigt werden können, wenn der Andruckschuh 1 in den Ringraum eingeführt wird. The figures, in particular FIGS. 1a to 1d and 3a to 3d, one can see that the pressure shoe 1 in one of two Flanges 4 limited annulus of the rotating Workpiece 2 is insertable and the grinding belt 3 against presses a shaft section 5 to be machined, which is arranged between the collar surfaces 4 and by rounded transitions to the collar surfaces 4 connects. The 1a and 3a show the one introduced in the figures Pressure shoe 1 before the start of finishing. Between the abrasive belt 3 resting on the side surfaces and the Collar surfaces 4 there is a gap, so that the Collar surfaces 4 are not damaged by grinding marks can when the pressure shoe 1 is inserted into the annular space becomes.

    Der Andruckschuh 1 weist einen Träger 6 und beiderseits an den Träger 6 angeschlossene Stelleinrichtungen 7 auf, die das Schleifband 3 während der Feinschleifbearbeitung stets an die gerundeten Übergänge und Bundflächen 4 andrücken und den Oszillationsbewegungen folgen. Aus einer vergleichenden Betrachtung der Fig. 1a bis 1d sowie 3a bis 3d ist dies ohne weiteres verständlich. Für die konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Stelleinrichtungen 7 bestehen verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die im folgenden näher erläutert werden.The pressure shoe 1 has a carrier 6 and on both sides the carrier 6 connected actuators 7, the the grinding belt 3 always during fine grinding press against the rounded transitions and collar surfaces 4 and follow the oscillatory movements. From one comparative consideration of FIGS. 1a to 1d and 3a to 3d this is easily understandable. For the constructive design of the adjusting devices 7 There are several options that follow are explained in more detail.

    Gemäß einer ersten Ausführung der Erfindung bestehen die Stelleinrichtungen 7 aus fluidbeaufschlagten Expansionskammern 8 mit veränderbarem Volumen, an deren Außenseite das Schleifband 3 anliegt. An die Expansionskammern 8 ist eine Einrichtung 9 für die Fluidzuführung und Fluidverteilung angeschlossen. Dadurch erfolgt während der Oszillationsbewegungen ein das Volumen der Expansionskammern 8 ändernder Fluidaustausch zwischen den Expansionskammern 8. Bei den in den Fig. 1a bis 1d dargestellten Ausführungen werden die Expansionskammern 8 von einem auf den Träger 6 aufgesetzten Formteil 10 gebildet, welches aus einer an der Stirnfläche des Trägers 6 befestigten Sohle 11 und an die Sohle 11 angeformten, elastisch verformbaren Schenkeln 12 besteht. Die Schenkel 12 weisen eine Dehnungsfalte 13 auf, und ihre freien Schenkelenden sind unter Bildung der Expansionskammern 8 druckdicht an die Seitenflächen des Trägers 6 angeschlossen. Der Träger 6 enthält Bohrungen 9 für eine Fluidzuführung und einen Fluidaustausch zwischen den Expansionskammern 8 (Fig. 1b). Das Formteil 10 kann als Kunststofformteil ausgebildet sein. Durch die Gestaltung der Sohle 11, Bemessung der Sohlendicke und Materialwahl sind die Andruckeigenschaften des Andruckschuhs 1 einstell- und veränderbar. Üblicherweise ist die Sohle 11 härter eingestellt als die Bereiche des Formteils 10, die auf die gerundeten Übergänge und Bundflächen 4 wirken. Aus Fig. 2 wird deutlich, daß das auf den Träger 6 aufgesetzte Formteil 10 als Ringsegment gestaltet ist, wobei der Radius des Ringsegments an den zu bearbeitenden Wellenabschnitt 5 angepaßt ist.According to a first embodiment of the invention Actuators 7 from fluid-loaded expansion chambers 8 with variable volume, on the outside the grinding belt 3 is applied. To the expansion chambers 8 a device 9 for the fluid supply and Fluid distribution connected. This takes place during the Oscillatory movements a the volume of the Expansion chambers 8 changing fluid exchange between the Expansion chambers 8. In the in Figs. 1a to 1d the expansion chambers 8 from a molded part 10 placed on the carrier 6 formed, which consists of a on the end face of the carrier 6 attached sole 11 and molded onto the sole 11, there is elastically deformable legs 12. The thigh 12 have an expansion fold 13, and their free Leg ends are forming the expansion chambers 8 pressure-tight on the side surfaces of the carrier 6 connected. The carrier 6 contains holes 9 for one Fluid supply and fluid exchange between the Expansion chambers 8 (Fig. 1b). The molded part 10 can be used as Be molded plastic part. By design the sole 11, dimensioning the sole thickness and choice of material are the pressure characteristics of the pressure shoe 1 adjustable and changeable. The sole is usually 11 set harder than the areas of the molded part 10 that act on the rounded transitions and collar surfaces 4. Out Fig. 2 shows that the placed on the carrier 6 Molding 10 is designed as a ring segment, the Radius of the ring segment on the one to be machined Shaft section 5 is adapted.

    Bei der in den Fig. 3a bis 3d dargestellten Ausführung der Erfindung bestehen die Expansionskammern 8 aus dehnbaren Schläuchen 14, die in seitlichen Rillen des Trägers 6 angeordnet sind und spaltfrei sowie tangential an die das Schleifband 3 beaufschlagende Stirnfläche des Trägers 6 anschließen. Einer vergleichenden Betrachtung der Figuren entnimmt man, daß sich das Volumen der Schläuche 14 durch Fluidaustausch während der Oszillationsbewegungen verändert und sich die Schläuche 14 an die zu bearbeitenden Flächen 2 des Werkstückes anlegen und dabei verformen. Ein ständiger Kontakt des Schleifbandes 3 an den zu bearbeitenden Werkstückflächen ist, unabhängig von dem Oszillationshub, auf diese Weise sichergestellt. Die Stirnfläche des Trägers 6 und die randseitig anschließenden Schläuche 14 sind an die Geometrie des zu bearbeitenden Wellenabschnitts 5 angepaßt (Fig. 4). Der Fig. 4 entnimmt man auch, daß das Werkstück 2 während der Feinbearbeitung rotiert und der Andruckschuh 1 in Wellenlängsrichtung Oszillationsbewegungen ausführt.In the embodiment of the illustrated in FIGS. 3a to 3d According to the invention, the expansion chambers 8 consist of stretchable Hoses 14, which are in the lateral grooves of the carrier 6 are arranged and gap-free and tangential to that End face of the carrier 6 acting on the grinding belt 3 connect. A comparative look at the figures it can be seen that the volume of the tubes 14 through Fluid exchange during the oscillatory movements changed and the hoses 14 to the create machining surfaces 2 of the workpiece while doing so deform. Constant contact of the grinding belt 3 the workpiece surfaces to be machined is independent of the oscillation stroke, ensured in this way. The End face of the carrier 6 and the edge subsequent hoses 14 are to the geometry of the machining shaft section 5 adapted (Fig. 4). Of the Fig. 4 also shows that the workpiece 2 during the Finishing rotates and the pressure shoe 1 in Wavelength direction performs oscillatory movements.

    Bei den in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Ausführungen der Erfindung bestehen die Stelleinrichtungen 7 aus Zylinder/Kolbenanordnungen 15/16. Die Kolben 15 sind in seitlichen fluidbeaufschlagten und miteinander verbundenen Zylinderbohrungen 16 des Trägers 6 eingesetzt. Ferner sind an die Kolben Formelemente 17 angeschlossen, deren Kontur an die zu bearbeitenden Übergänge angepaßt ist. Die Zylinderbohrungen 16 können parallel zur Wellenachse ausgerichtet sein. Bei dieser Ausführung bestehen die Formelemente aus Ringsegmenten, die an dem zu bearbeitenden Wellenabschnitt 5 sowie an die zu bearbeitende Bundfläche 4 angepaßte Andruckflächen 18 aufweisen (vgl. Fig. 5). Die Zylinderbohrungen 16 können aber auch winkelförmig mit einer Ausrichtung zu den zu bearbeitenden Übergängen hin im Träger 6 angeordnet sein (vgl. Fig. 6).5 and 6 shown in FIGS The invention consists of the actuators 7 Cylinder / piston arrangements 15/16. The pistons 15 are in lateral fluidized and connected Cylinder bores 16 of the carrier 6 are used. Furthermore are connected to the piston shaped elements 17, the contour is adapted to the transitions to be processed. The Cylinder bores 16 can be parallel to the shaft axis be aligned. In this version, the Shaped elements from ring segments attached to the machining shaft section 5 and to machining collar surface 4 adapted pressure surfaces 18th have (see Fig. 5). The cylinder bores 16 can but also angular with an orientation to the machining transitions may be arranged in the carrier 6 (see Fig. 6).

    Bei den in den Fig. 7a, 7b und 8 dargestellten Ausführungen weisen die Stelleinrichtungen 7 Gleitelemente 19 auf, die an seitlichen Keilflächen 20 des Trägers 6 gegen die zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes 2 bewegbar sind und eine an die Werkstückoberfläche angepaßte Kontur aufweisen. Damit die Gleitelemente 19 mit ausreichendem Druck an den zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes 2 anliegen, sind bei der in den Fig. 7a, 7b dargestellten Ausführung Zylinder/Kolbenanordnungen 21 vorgesehen, die an dem Träger 6 befestigt sind und auf die Gleitelemente 19 arbeiten. Die Zylinder/Kolbenanordnungen 21 bewegen die Gleitelemente 19 gegen die zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes 2. An die Gleitelemente 19 ist ferner eine Zugfeder 22 für die Rückstellbewegung angeschlossen. Bei der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Variante erfolgt die Bewegung der Gleitelemente 19 entlang den Keilflächen 20 gegen die zu bearbeitenden Flächen des Werkstückes 2 durch Federkraft. Der Träger 6 sowie die Gleitelemente 19 sind durch eine oder in radialer Richtung mehrere hintereinander angeordnete Federn 23 miteinander verbunden.In those shown in Figs. 7a, 7b and 8 The actuators have 7 sliding elements 19 on the side wedge surfaces 20 of the carrier 6 against the surfaces of the workpiece to be machined 2 are movable and one on the workpiece surface have an adapted contour. So that the sliding elements 19 with sufficient pressure on the surfaces to be worked on Workpiece 2 rest, are in the in Fig. 7a, 7b shown embodiment cylinder / piston assemblies 21st provided, which are attached to the carrier 6 and on the Sliding elements 19 work. The cylinder / piston assemblies 21 move the sliding elements 19 against those to be machined Surfaces of the workpiece 2. At the sliding elements 19 is also a tension spring 22 for the return movement connected. In the variant shown in Fig. 8 the sliding elements 19 move along the Wedge surfaces 20 against the surfaces to be machined Workpiece 2 by spring force. The carrier 6 and the Sliding elements 19 are through or in the radial direction several springs 23 arranged one behind the other connected.

    Claims (10)

    1. A device for precision grinding of shafts, particularly crankshafts, comprising
      a drive for rotating the workpiece (2) for machining,
      at least one pressure shoe (1) insertable into an annular chamber bounded by two collar surfaces (4) on the rotating workpiece (2),
      an oscillation drive for generating oscillating relative movements between the workpiece (2) and the pressure shoe (1) in the longitudinal direction of the shaft and
      an abrasive belt (3) rich abuts the ends and sides of the pressure shoe (1),
      wherein the pressure shoe (1) presses the abrasive belt (3) against a shaft portion (5) for machining, the shaft portion being disposed between the collar surfaces (4) and adjoining the collar surfaces (4) via rounded transitions, characterised in that the pressure shoe (1) has a holder (6) and adjusting means (7) connected to the holder (6) on each side and constantly pressing the abrasive belt (3) against the rounded transitions and collar surfaces (4) during precision grinding and following the oscillating movements.
    2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the adjusting means (7) comprise fluid-actuated variable-volume expansion chambers (8), the abrasive belt (3) abutting the outside of the chambers, and in that a means (9) for supplying and distributing fluid is connected to the expansion chasers (8) with the result, during the oscillating motion, that a fluid exchange occurs between the expansion chambers (8) and alters the volume thereof.
    3. A device according to claim 2, characterised in that a moulding (10) is mounted on the holder (6) and comprises a base (11) fastened to the end face of the holder (6) and elastically deformable arms (12) integrally formed on the base (11), wherein the arms (12) have an expansion groove (13) and their projecting ends are connected in pressure-tight manner to the sides of the holder (6) and form the expansion chambers (8), and in that the holder (6) is formed with bores (9) for supplying fluid and for a fluid exchange between the expansion chambers (8).
    4. A device according to claim 2, characterised in that the expansion chambers (8) are in the form of stretchable hoses (14) which are disposed in lateral grooves in the holder (6) and gaplessly and tangentially adjoin the end face of the holder (6) acting on the abrasive belt (3).
    5. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the adjusting means (7) are in the form of cylinder/piston arrangements (15, 16), wherein the pistons (15) are inserted into lateral fluid-actuated interconnected cylindrical bores (16) in the holder (6) and wherein moulded elements (17) are connected to the pistons (15) and have contours adapted to the transitions for machining.
    6. A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the moulded elements (17) are in the form of annular segments which have pressure surfaces (18) adapted to the shaft portion (5) for machining and to the collar surface (4) for machining, and in that the cylindrical bores (16) are aligned parallel to the shaft axis.
    7. A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the cylindrical bores (16) are disposed in the holder (6) at an angle and aligned with the transitions for machining.
    8. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the adjusting means (7) comprise sliding elements (19) which are movable along lateral wedge surfaces (20) on the holder (6) against the surfaces of the workpiece (2) for machining and have a contour adapted to the workpiece surfaces.
    9. A device accordion to claim 8, characterized in that the holder (6) comprises cylinder/piston arrangements (21) which operate on the sliding elements (19) and move them against the surfaces of the workpiece (2) for machining, and in that a tension spring (22) for the return movement is connected to the sliding elements (19).
    10. A device according to claim 8, characterised in that the sliding elements (19) are acted upon by at least one spring (23) which abuts the holder (6) and moves the sliding elements (19) along the wedge surfaces (20) against the surfaces of the workpiece (2) for machining.
    EP97101583A 1996-04-19 1997-02-01 Device for honing shafts, particularly crankshafts Expired - Lifetime EP0802017B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE29718547U DE29718547U1 (en) 1996-04-19 1997-02-01 Device for the fine grinding of shafts, in particular crankshafts

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    US1562996P 1996-04-19 1996-04-19
    US15629 1996-04-19

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    EP0802017A1 EP0802017A1 (en) 1997-10-22
    EP0802017B1 true EP0802017B1 (en) 1999-10-27

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    EP (1) EP0802017B1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59700607D1 (en)

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    US5730647A (en) 1998-03-24
    DE59700607D1 (en) 1999-12-02
    EP0802017A1 (en) 1997-10-22

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