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EP0787812B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce forgée en acier - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce forgée en acier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0787812B1
EP0787812B1 EP97400025A EP97400025A EP0787812B1 EP 0787812 B1 EP0787812 B1 EP 0787812B1 EP 97400025 A EP97400025 A EP 97400025A EP 97400025 A EP97400025 A EP 97400025A EP 0787812 B1 EP0787812 B1 EP 0787812B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optionally
process according
temperature
steel
heat treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97400025A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0787812A1 (fr
Inventor
Jacques Bellus
Pierre Jolly
Claude Pichard
Vincent Jacot
Christian Tomme
Daniel Robat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ascometal France Holding SAS
Original Assignee
Ascometal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ascometal SA filed Critical Ascometal SA
Publication of EP0787812A1 publication Critical patent/EP0787812A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0787812B1 publication Critical patent/EP0787812B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/02Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/19Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
    • C21D1/20Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002Bainite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of forged parts at high characteristics, in steel.
  • High-characteristic forgings made of steel, and in particular the forgings with high characteristics for the automobile, are manufactured according to different techniques which each have drawbacks.
  • the parts are made of steel of the chromium-molybdenum type, the chemical composition of which comprises, by weight, 0.25% to 0.45% carbon, approximately 1% chromium and approximately 0.25% carbon molybdenum.
  • the parts are forged and then subjected to a heat treatment of quenching and tempering intended to give them a tempered martensitic structure to obtain in particular a tensile strength Rm of the order of 1000 MPa.
  • This technique has the disadvantage of being costly and sometimes of generating deformations of the geometry of the parts.
  • the forged parts can also be made of a steel containing less carbon than in the previous case, and be soaked with water in the hot forging to give them a bainitic or bainito-martensitic structure.
  • This technique makes it possible to obtain a tensile strength Rm greater than 1000 MPa and an elastic limit Rp 0.2 greater than 800 MPa, but it has the drawback of requiring water quenching which, sometimes, generates geometric deformations imposing the need for a straightening operation or which may even be unacceptable.
  • Some parts finally, are made of steel containing between 0.3% and 0.4% carbon and between 1.9% and 2.5% manganese. They are cooled to the air after forging so as to present a bainitic structure to high mechanical characteristics. But, these pieces often have segregated bands with martensitic structure making machining difficult.
  • the aim of the present invention is to propose a method for the manufacture of forgings with high characteristics which remedies these disadvantages.
  • the carbon content is less than or equal to 0.3%, of preferably also, the manganese content is less than 1.6%.
  • the silicon content can be, preferably, either greater than 1.2% or less than 0.8%.
  • the cooling rate Vr is greater than 2 ° C / s.
  • the part After maintaining between Tm and Tf, the part can be cooled to the ambient temperature and possibly subject to tempering between 150 ° C and 650 ° C.
  • the part can also be reheated to a temperature below 650 ° C, then cooled to the ambient temperature.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out either after heating the forged part to a temperature higher than AC 3 , or directly after forging.
  • a piece of steel is supplied with this composition and it is hot forged after having heated it to a temperature above AC 3, preferably above 1150 ° C., and better still, between 1200 ° C and 1280 ° C, so as to give it an entirely austenitic structure and a sufficiently low flow stress.
  • the part is subjected to a heat treatment which can be carried out either directly in the hot forging, or after cooling of the part and reheating above the temperature AC 3 of the steel.
  • the heat treatment involves cooling at a speed of cooling Vr measured at the passage at 700 ° C greater than 0.5 ° C / s, and preferably greater than 2 ° C / s, up to a temperature Tm between Ms + 100 ° C and Ms-20 ° C, Ms being the temperature at the start of transformation martensitic of steel.
  • This cooling is followed by holding for a time greater than 2 min between the temperature Tm and a temperature Tf ⁇ Tm-100 ° C, and preferably Tf ⁇ Tm-60 ° C. Maintenance is followed by either cooling to room temperature possibly supplemented by a heat between 150 ° C and 650 ° C, i.e. reheating to a temperature less than or equal to 650 ° C before cooling to temperature room.
  • This heat treatment is to give the room a structure essentially bainitic with less than 20% ferrite and at least 15%, and preferably at least 30%, of lower bainite formed between Tm and Tf. he can be carried out on the whole part or simply on a part having a special functionality.
  • Tm, Tf, duration The conditions of maintenance (Tm, Tf, duration), as well as the proportions of each of the structures, and in particular the proportion of lower bainite, can be determined, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, using dilatometric measurements on test bars.
  • the parts thus obtained have the advantage of having a tensile strength Rm between 950 MPa and 1150 MPa, an elastic limit Rp 0.2 greater than 750 MPa, a Mesnager K resilience greater than 25 Joules / Cm 2 at 20 ° C, machinability at least equal to that of parts with a ferritic-pearlitic structure and good fatigue strength: ⁇ D / Rm> 0.5 in rotary bending at 2x10 6 cycles.
  • an axle was manufactured with a steel whose chemical composition included in% by weight: VS Yes mn Or Cr MB Cu V al B Ti Nb 0.25 0.5 1.67 0.09 0.52 - 0.199 0.2 0.03 - 0.02 - this steel also contained 0.065% S to improve machinability. Its Ms temperature was 380 ° C.
  • the part was hot forged between 1280 ° C and 1050 ° C. Directly after forging, the part was cooled with blown air at a speed of 2.6 ° C / s until the temperature of 425 ° C, then maintained between 425 ° C and 400 ° C for 10 min; finally, the part was cooled to room temperature by natural air cooling.
  • a rocket was made from steel, the chemical composition of which, in% by weight: VS Yes mn Or Cr MB Cu V al B Ti Nb 0.25 0.5 1.63 0.006 0.51 0.09 0.196 0,107 0,038 0,003 0,023 - this steel also contained 0.05% S to improve machinability. Its Ms temperature was 385 ° C.
  • the part was hot forged between 1270 ° C and 1040 ° C. Directly after forging, the part was cooled with blown air at a speed of 2.6 ° C / s until the temperature of 400 ° C, then maintained between 400 ° C and 380 ° C for 10 min; the room was then brought to the temperature of 550 ° C for 1 hour, then it has been cooled to room temperature by natural air cooling.
  • a ball joint was made with a steel whose chemical composition included, in% by weight: VS Yes mn Or Cr MB Cu V al B Ti Nb 0.28 0.79 1.63 0.05 0.5 0.09 0.19 - 0.04 0.0033 0,023 - this steel also contained 0.06% S to improve machinability. Its Ms temperature was 350 ° C.
  • the part was hot forged between 1270 ° C and 1060 ° C. Directly after forging, the workpiece was cooled in still air at a speed of 1.19 ° C / s until the temperature of 380 ° C, then maintained between 380 ° C and 360 ° C for 10 min; finally, the part was cooled to room temperature by natural air cooling.
  • the parts thus obtained can in particular be parts for automotive such as wishbones, drive shafts, connecting rods, but they can also be shafts, cams or any another forged part for various machines.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP97400025A 1996-02-08 1997-01-08 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce forgée en acier Expired - Lifetime EP0787812B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9601525A FR2744733B1 (fr) 1996-02-08 1996-02-08 Acier pour la fabrication de piece forgee et procede de fabrication d'une piece forgee
FR9601525 1996-02-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0787812A1 EP0787812A1 (fr) 1997-08-06
EP0787812B1 true EP0787812B1 (fr) 2004-03-17

Family

ID=9488967

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97400025A Expired - Lifetime EP0787812B1 (fr) 1996-02-08 1997-01-08 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce forgée en acier

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US5820706A (pt)
EP (1) EP0787812B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP3915043B2 (pt)
KR (1) KR970062058A (pt)
AR (1) AR005719A1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE262047T1 (pt)
BR (1) BR9700917A (pt)
CA (1) CA2196029A1 (pt)
CZ (1) CZ293691B6 (pt)
DE (1) DE69728076T2 (pt)
DK (1) DK0787812T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2217374T3 (pt)
FR (1) FR2744733B1 (pt)
HU (1) HUP9700269A3 (pt)
NO (1) NO970548L (pt)
PL (1) PL182920B1 (pt)
PT (1) PT787812E (pt)
SI (1) SI9700025B (pt)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011124851A2 (fr) 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Ascometal Pièce mécanique en acier à hautes caractéristiques et son procédé de fabrication
WO2013117953A1 (en) 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Ascometal Process for making a steel part, and steel part so obtained
EP2957643A1 (fr) 2014-06-16 2015-12-23 ASCO Industries Acier pour pièces mécaniques à hautes caractéristiques traitées superficiellement, et pièces mécaniques en cet acier et leur procédé de fabrication
EP3168312A1 (de) 2015-11-16 2017-05-17 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH Edelbaustahl mit bainitischem gefüge, daraus hergestelltes schmiedeteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines schmiedeteils
WO2022253912A1 (fr) 2021-06-02 2022-12-08 Ascometal France Holding Sas Pièce en acier mise en forme à chaud et procédé de fabrication

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JP3524790B2 (ja) * 1998-09-30 2004-05-10 株式会社神戸製鋼所 塗膜耐久性に優れた塗装用鋼材およびその製造方法
WO2001047500A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Pfizer Products Inc. Hydrogel-driven drug dosage form
JP3888865B2 (ja) * 2000-10-25 2007-03-07 株式会社ゴーシュー 鍛造方法
US7416617B2 (en) 2002-10-01 2008-08-26 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. High strength seamless steel pipe excellent in hydrogen-induced cracking resistance
FR2847910B1 (fr) * 2002-12-03 2006-06-02 Ascometal Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece forgee en acier et piece ainsi obtenue.
JP4375971B2 (ja) * 2003-01-23 2009-12-02 大同特殊鋼株式会社 高強度ピニオンシャフト用鋼
AR047467A1 (es) 2004-01-30 2006-01-18 Sumitomo Metal Ind Tubo de acero sin costura para pozos petroliferos y procedimiento para fabricarlo
EP1700925B1 (en) 2005-03-09 2009-09-09 Ovako Bar Oy Ab High-strength air cooled steel alloy and hot worked product
JP3816937B1 (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-08-30 株式会社神戸製鋼所 熱間成形品用鋼板およびその製造方法並びに熱間成形品
JP4677868B2 (ja) * 2005-09-26 2011-04-27 大同特殊鋼株式会社 高強度かつ高靱性で溶接可能な鋼とそれを使用した部材の製造方法
DE102006060994B4 (de) * 2006-12-20 2010-02-11 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Kugelzapfen und -hülsen aus nichtrostendem Stahl
US9132567B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2015-09-15 Dayton Progress Corporation Tools with a thermo-mechanically modified working region and methods of forming such tools
US8968495B2 (en) * 2007-03-23 2015-03-03 Dayton Progress Corporation Methods of thermo-mechanically processing tool steel and tools made from thermo-mechanically processed tool steels
FR2916371B1 (fr) * 2007-05-24 2010-02-26 Fwu Kuang Entpr Co Ltd Procede de preparation de pieces forgees ayant une resistance a la traction et un allongement excellents a partir de fils mamchine en acier
FR2931166B1 (fr) * 2008-05-15 2010-12-31 Arcelormittal Gandrange Acier pour forge a chaud a hautes caracteristiques mecaniques des pieces produites
JP5483859B2 (ja) * 2008-10-31 2014-05-07 臼井国際産業株式会社 焼入性に優れた高強度鋼製加工品及びその製造方法、並びに高強度かつ耐衝撃特性及び耐内圧疲労特性に優れたディーゼルエンジン用燃料噴射管及びコモンレールの製造方法
NL2002248C2 (en) * 2008-11-24 2010-05-26 Weweler Nv Hardening of flexible trailing arms.
DE102009016079B4 (de) 2009-04-03 2018-09-06 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Kugelzapfen aus einem Stahl mit bainitischem Gefüge und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Kugelzapfen
CN102444573A (zh) * 2010-10-11 2012-05-09 上海腾辉锻造有限公司 一种锻件泵轴的制造方法
ES2391322B1 (es) * 2011-04-29 2013-10-14 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (Csic) ACERO BAINÍTICO 38MnV6, PROCEDIMIENTO DE OBTENCIÓN Y USO.
US9440693B2 (en) * 2014-03-20 2016-09-13 Caterpillar Inc. Air-hardenable bainitic steel part
WO2016151345A1 (fr) 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 Arcelormittal Pieces a structure bainitique a hautes proprietes de resistance et procede de fabrication
WO2019180492A1 (en) 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Arcelormittal Forged part of bainitic steel and a method of manufacturing thereof

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011124851A2 (fr) 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Ascometal Pièce mécanique en acier à hautes caractéristiques et son procédé de fabrication
WO2013117953A1 (en) 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Ascometal Process for making a steel part, and steel part so obtained
EP2957643A1 (fr) 2014-06-16 2015-12-23 ASCO Industries Acier pour pièces mécaniques à hautes caractéristiques traitées superficiellement, et pièces mécaniques en cet acier et leur procédé de fabrication
EP3168312A1 (de) 2015-11-16 2017-05-17 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH Edelbaustahl mit bainitischem gefüge, daraus hergestelltes schmiedeteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines schmiedeteils
WO2017085072A1 (de) 2015-11-16 2017-05-26 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh Edelbaustahl mit bainitischem gefüge, daraus hergestelltes schmiedeteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines schmiedeteils
RU2703085C1 (ru) * 2015-11-16 2019-10-15 Дойче Эдельштальверке Спешелти Стил Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг Конструкционная сталь с бейнитной структурой, получаемые из нее кованые детали и способ производства кованой детали
WO2022253912A1 (fr) 2021-06-02 2022-12-08 Ascometal France Holding Sas Pièce en acier mise en forme à chaud et procédé de fabrication
FR3123659A1 (fr) 2021-06-02 2022-12-09 Ascometal France Holding Sas Pièce en acier mise en forme à chaud et procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2196029A1 (fr) 1997-08-09
HUP9700269A3 (en) 1999-04-28
NO970548L (no) 1997-08-11
DE69728076D1 (de) 2004-04-22
PL318366A1 (en) 1997-08-18
PT787812E (pt) 2004-09-30
PL182920B1 (pl) 2002-04-30
DK0787812T3 (da) 2004-07-26
FR2744733B1 (fr) 1998-04-24
CZ293691B6 (cs) 2004-07-14
SI9700025B (sl) 2002-02-28
NO970548D0 (no) 1997-02-06
EP0787812A1 (fr) 1997-08-06
AR005719A1 (es) 1999-07-14
MX9700924A (es) 1998-05-31
ATE262047T1 (de) 2004-04-15
HUP9700269A2 (hu) 1998-04-28
US5820706A (en) 1998-10-13
DE69728076T2 (de) 2004-08-05
FR2744733A1 (fr) 1997-08-14
CZ37897A3 (en) 1997-08-13
BR9700917A (pt) 1998-09-01
ES2217374T3 (es) 2004-11-01
JPH09209086A (ja) 1997-08-12
HU9700269D0 (en) 1997-03-28
SI9700025A (en) 1997-10-31
JP3915043B2 (ja) 2007-05-16
KR970062058A (ko) 1997-09-12

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