EP0775378B1 - Vorrichtung zur aufladung und zum ladungsaustausch zwischen einer vielzahl von in reihe geschalteten energiespeichern - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur aufladung und zum ladungsaustausch zwischen einer vielzahl von in reihe geschalteten energiespeichern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0775378B1 EP0775378B1 EP95925726A EP95925726A EP0775378B1 EP 0775378 B1 EP0775378 B1 EP 0775378B1 EP 95925726 A EP95925726 A EP 95925726A EP 95925726 A EP95925726 A EP 95925726A EP 0775378 B1 EP0775378 B1 EP 0775378B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- energy storage
- triggered
- charging
- storage device
- coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for charging and Charge exchange between a variety of series and a similar energy storage forming an overall energy storage.
- Such a monitoring device is known from US-A-4,331,911 and is used to adjust the voltages of individual, series-connected Accumulators with a DC-DC converter.
- the only central converter for all accumulators is fed from the total battery and it is not able, due to aging peculiarities of individual accumulators to detect.
- DE-PS 30 31 931 is a device for extending the discharge time described by rechargeable batteries, in which the voltage states of the accumulators with a monitoring device be recorded. There will be a longer reliable discharge of the Accumulators causes the accumulator to not operate Discharge and thus when the limit voltage of the weakest is reached Cell is ended, but only when this limit voltage averages of all interconnected accumulators is reached. An extension the service life of batteries in terms of their replacement cannot be achieved with it.
- SU 1 065 959 describes a device for a battery charger known, with the overloading and charging with reverse polarity of Accumulators is prevented.
- the charging current is over a Monitored transistor circuit, which further comprises Zener diodes.
- protection circuit can neither monitor the quality of the Accumulators ensure an even longer lifespan of theirs Increase the quality of deteriorating batteries.
- a monitoring device is known from the applicant's EP 0 432 639 A2 for a large number of similar accumulators connected in series known in which an electrical with the aid of a control circuit Memory is connected in parallel to one of the accumulators, whereby the primary winding of a transformer in series with one to the Control circuit connected breakers in parallel with the poles of the Group of accumulators is connected.
- the electrical Memory each formed from the secondary winding, each over one blocking diode is connected to each accumulator.
- Via a comparison circuit is when a difference signal occurs in the control circuit a function generator connected between the batteries, the output of which is connected to the interrupter. So that can targeted supply of energy to the weakest accumulator.
- This System has the disadvantage of a multitude of small applications controlling elements that a cost and possibly a space and Represent weight factor. At the same time, in addition to the considerable effort for the selection of the respective weak or strong cell the performance range the flyback converter used is limited
- the object of the invention to create a device of the type mentioned at besides the delay in the exchange of one in its quality poorer battery with little circuitry too the charging of the energy store can be effected.
- the clock generator is preferably controlled by a sequence control circuit, which via an activation circuit for a predetermined or is switched on for a certain period of time by a switched on load.
- the device is e.g. in one device for charge balancing according to EP 0 432 639 A2 by the applicant integrable. Furthermore, it can also be used in DE 44 22 409 to be with a small number of additional components to form a combined charge balancing and charger.
- Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a device for charging and Charge equalization for four batteries 1 according to a first embodiment. These can be a single group of four accumulators 1 or parts of a larger one, e.g. 10 to 12 accumulators 1 comprehensive battery bank.
- a transformer 2 which has four identical windings here 3 has, all in the same indicated by the point Sense of direction on a common core 4 in a narrow magnetic Coupling are arranged.
- a winding 3 forming an energy store is in each case one Accumulator 1 assigned, each winding 3 in series with a diode 7 is connected in parallel to the accumulator 1.
- an additional winding 13 is reversed with respect to the windings 3 Sense of winding provided in series with a parallel arrangement Combination of a switch 8 and a diode 17 to form the total battery bank is switched on.
- the windings 23 and 33 are now using the Switches 5 and 6 alternately with a duty cycle of less than 50 percent connected to the poles of the mains rectifier 10.
- the switches 5 and 6 are shown in the clock step in which the switch 5 is closed is so that the winding 23 with that of the line rectifier 10th generated intermediate circuit voltage is applied.
- Clock step then closes switch 6 while switch 5 is open, so that the winding 33 is acted upon by the intermediate circuit voltage.
- the switch 8 is open, as shown in FIG. 1. That’s how she works Device as a flow converter.
- the closing phase of switch 5 becomes a voltage in the windings 3 by the feed winding 23 induces that the diodes 7 become conductive and a current directly into the Accumulators 1 flows.
- the bigger one flows Proportion of current in the cell with the lowest Tension, so that parallel to the store a more direct Equalization of the charging voltages occurs during the charging process.
- switch 6 During the closing phase of switch 6 is switched on the feed winding 33 in the winding 13 a voltage induced so that the diode 17 becomes conductive and a current flows into the overall battery.
- Switches 5 and 6 are each with corresponding ones Outputs of a clock connected in the drawing is not shown and with the a clock frequency of preferably more than 20 kHz can be generated.
- the circuit can also have a voltage comparator, the one Switching pulse passes on to the output of the circuit when the absolute value the battery voltage within or better outside predetermined values lies. These could e.g. in the case of a lead accumulator 1 at a voltage of are greater than 2.2 volts or less than 1.95 volts. A tension of one Accumulator 1 outside of these values indicates a charging or discharging process close at which charge equalization should take place.
- a detector could also be provided with which a dynamic of the Battery voltage is detectable, which indicates rapid load changes, such as these occur when operating an electric vehicle. This could also continue Deviation of the voltage of individual accumulators 1 from a current one Average value of the overall system is provided as a trigger for the activation circuit be.
- the charge balancing circuit may e.g. also periodically, e.g. every 3 hours.
- a start pulse after one of the aforementioned Conditions are created that are checked individually or in groups can control this, for example, a monoflop that is for a predetermined Duration, e.g. half an hour, the charge exchange device turns on, or this period is characterized by a feature of the on Load determined
- the device is monitored by a logic unit, the further signals for the detection of an overcurrent in or an overtemperature of components such as transistors or windings.
- This Circuitry can also provide an output for an indication of status or control signals have, e.g. for a load shedding.
- This logic unit controls the called clock generator high clock frequency at the output of the control input the switch 8 is connected.
- the switch 8 opened and closed with a high clock frequency of a few kHz, whereby Energy taken from the total battery and the weakest single cell is fed.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a further device for charging and for charge equalization for three batteries 1 according to a second embodiment.
- the same features are given the same reference symbols in all the figures Mistake.
- switches 5 and 6 alternately closed are, further switches 15, each connected in series to the windings 3 are.
- These switches 15 are in the clock step in which the switch 5 is closed is also closed and switch the windings 3 in parallel to the Accumulators 1.
- This can be the one supplied by the mains rectifier 10 Energy can be induced in the windings 3 via the feed winding 23, which emit a charging current for the individual batteries 1.
- the clock generator opens the Switch 15, so that a voltage in the winding via the feed winding 33 13 is induced and so the entire battery is charged.
- windings 3 are all in the same direction on the batteries 1 turned on, with the switches for the second clock period with open switches 15 all accumulators 1 acting together demagnetizing winding 13 is provided, which is connected via a diode 17 across the entire battery.
- the actual charge exchange takes place here in the switch-on phase in the first Cycle period instead. This can be done with a suitable choice of windings 3 and 13 also make up over 50% of a cycle because the demagnetization is rapid can be done.
- FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of a further device for charge equalization for two accumulators 1 shown in this section according to one third embodiment.
- Each of the accumulators 1 has two windings 3 assigned different sense of winding. These windings 3 with each with regard to their connection to the accumulator 1 different sense of winding are connected in series with a switch 15 and 16, respectively.
- the Windings 3 are arranged on a common core 4.
- each of the two becomes a little less than 50% each Accumulator 1 associated winding 3 with the accumulator 1 in parallel connected, wherein all accumulators are virtually connected in parallel, so that in every step there is a charge balance and a current in the weakest accumulator 1 flows
- the device has the feed windings 23 and 33 on the common core 4, which in one to the other embodiments are connected in an analogous manner to the mains rectifier 10.
- switches 5 and 15 or 6 and 16 are now closed together or opened.
- the switches 5 and 15 and the switches 6 and 16 are each operated synchronously. So that when switch 5 is closed on the Feed winding 23 induces a voltage in the windings 3, which over the Switch 15 are connected in parallel to the accumulators 1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Schaltbild einer Vorrichtung zur Aufladung und zum Ladungsausgleich für vier Akkumulatoren gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 2
- ein Schaltbild einer weiteren Vorrichtung zur Aufladung und zum Ladungsausgleich für drei Akkumulatoren gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel, und
- Fig. 3
- ein Schaltbild einer weiteren Vorrichtung zur Aufladung und zum Ladungsausgleich für zwei Akkumulatoren gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.
Claims (3)
- Vorrichtung zur Aufladung und zum Ladungsaustausch zwischen einer Vielzahl von in Reihe geschalteten und einen Gesamtenergiespeicher bildenden, gleichartigen Energiespeichern (1), bei der als elektrische Speicher zu jedem Energiespeicher (1) eine Wicklung (3) eines energiespeicherfähigen Transformators (2) über einen ansteuerbaren Schalter (15) oder eine Diode (7) parallel liegt, eine Lade- bzw. Speisewicklung (23, 33) vorgesehen ist, eine weitere Wicklung (13) über einen weiteren ansteuerbaren Schalter (8) oder eine Diode (17) zum Gesamtenergiespeicher parallel geschaltet ist, und bei der im Ladebetrieb die Speisewicklung (23, 33) mittels ansteuerbaren Speisewicklungsschaltern (5, 6) eine Spannung mit taktweise wechselnder Polarität erhält, so daß im ersten Taktschritt jeder Energiespeicher (1) über die Wicklungen (3) transformatorisch geladen wird und im zweiten Taktschritt der Gesamtenergiespeicher über die weitere Wicklung (13) geladen wird und bei der weiterhin im Ladungsaustauschbetrieb die Speisewicklung (23, 33) abgeschaltet ist und entweder die Wicklungen (3) in einem Taktschritt mittels der weiteren Wicklung (13) aus dem Gesamtenergiespeicher geladen werden und im zweiten Taktschritt ihre Energie an ihre zugeordneten Energiespeicher abgeben oder mittels Zuschaltung einer Anzahl von Wicklungen (3) in einem Taktschritt eine induktive Parallelschaltung derselben bewirkt wird, wobei im zweiten Taktschritt über die weitere Wicklung (13) eine Entmagnetisierung des Transformators erfolgt und zur Ansteuerung aller ansteuerbaren Schalter (5, 6, 8, 15) ein Taktgeber vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Aufladung und zum Ladungsaustausch zwischen einer Vielzahl von in Reihe geschalteten und einen Gesamtenergiespeicher bildenden, gleichartigen Energiespeichern (1), bei der zu jedem Energiespeicher (1) zwei entgegengesetzt gepolte Wicklungen (3) eines Transformators über zugehörige ansteuerbare Schalter (15, 16) parallel liegen und eine Lade- oder Speisewicklung (23, 33) vorgesehen ist, bei der im Ladebetrieb die Speisewicklung (23, 33) mittels ansteuerbaren Speisewicklungsschaltern (5, 6) eine Spannung mit taktweise wechselnder Polarität erhält und über die Wicklungen (3) durch synchrones alternatives Ansteuern ihrer zugehörigen ansteuerbaren Schalter (15, 16) die Energiespeicher (1) geladen werden und im Ladungsaustauschbetrieb die Speisewicklung (23, 33) abgeschaltet ist und die Energiespeicher (1) über die Wicklungen (3) durch synchrones alternatives Ansteuern ihrer zugehörigen ansteuerbaren Schalter (15, 16) induktiv parallel geschaltet werden und zur Ansteuerung aller ansteuerbaren Schalter (5, 6, 15, 16) ein Taktgeber vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Taktgeber von einer Ablaufsteuerschaltung ansteuerbar ist, die über eine Aktivierschaltung für einen vorbestimmbaren oder von einer angeschalteten Last bestimmten Zeitraum einschaltbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4428769A DE4428769C1 (de) | 1994-08-13 | 1994-08-13 | Vorrichtung zur Aufladung von und/oder zum Ladungsaustausch zwischen einer Vielzahl von in Reihe geschalteten Energiespeichern |
DE4428769 | 1994-08-13 | ||
PCT/DE1995/000975 WO1996005643A1 (de) | 1994-08-13 | 1995-07-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aufladung von und/oder zum ladungsaustausch zwischen einer vielzahl von in reihe geschalteten energiespeichern |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0775378A1 EP0775378A1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
EP0775378B1 true EP0775378B1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=6525647
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95925726A Expired - Lifetime EP0775378B1 (de) | 1994-08-13 | 1995-07-21 | Vorrichtung zur aufladung und zum ladungsaustausch zwischen einer vielzahl von in reihe geschalteten energiespeichern |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5767660A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0775378B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4428769C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996005643A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE507339C2 (sv) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-05-18 | Xicon Battery Electronics Ab | System för utjämning av laddningsnivå i batterier bestående av seriekopplade battericeller eller batteriblock |
WO1999021241A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-29 | Usar Systems Inc. | Improved voltaic pile with charge equalizing system |
US6169334B1 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2001-01-02 | Capstone Turbine Corporation | Command and control system and method for multiple turbogenerators |
KR20010006576A (ko) * | 1999-01-18 | 2001-01-26 | 가나이 쓰도무 | 전력축적수단의 충방전장치 및 그것을 사용한전력축적수단의 제조방법 |
JP3280635B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-21 | 2002-05-13 | 長野日本無線株式会社 | エネルギー移送装置および蓄電システム |
JP3280641B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-08 | 2002-05-13 | 長野日本無線株式会社 | エネルギー移送装置 |
JP3280642B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-08 | 2002-05-13 | 長野日本無線株式会社 | 蓄電モジュール |
WO2001031557A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Data carrier with load modulation means and with improved power supply in the process of load modulation |
JP2001258175A (ja) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 電力貯蔵用二次電池の利用システムおよび利用方法 |
US6410992B1 (en) | 2000-08-23 | 2002-06-25 | Capstone Turbine Corporation | System and method for dual mode control of a turbogenerator/motor |
JP3364836B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-19 | 2003-01-08 | 富士重工業株式会社 | 電圧イコライザ装置およびその方法 |
JP3630303B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-21 | 2005-03-16 | 長野日本無線株式会社 | 蓄電素子の電圧均等化装置 |
AUPR269301A0 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2001-02-22 | Cochlear Limited | Power supply for a cochlear implant |
US8026637B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2011-09-27 | Cochlear Limited | Power supply having an auxiliary power cell |
US20030214267A1 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-11-20 | Long Laurence P. | Ultracapacitor balancing circuit |
DE10312362A1 (de) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-30 | Andreas Klasen | Lade und Ausgleich System für Akkumulatoren, Einzelzellen oder Blöcke (Kurz LAS) |
US20050077879A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Near Timothy Paul | Energy transfer device for series connected energy source and storage devices |
JP3795499B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-26 | 2006-07-12 | 富士重工業株式会社 | 蓄電素子の電圧均等化装置 |
US7408795B2 (en) | 2004-02-24 | 2008-08-05 | Vlt, Inc. | Energy storage and hold-up method and apparatus for high density power conversion |
US7561446B1 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2009-07-14 | Vlt, Inc. | Double-clamped ZVS buck-boost power converter |
US7548441B2 (en) | 2004-02-24 | 2009-06-16 | Vlt, Inc. | Universal AC adapter |
US7212419B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2007-05-01 | Vlt, Inc. | Adaptively configured and autoranging voltage transformation module arrays |
US7782639B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2010-08-24 | Vlt, Inc. | Adaptively configured and autoranging power converter arrays |
US7170764B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2007-01-30 | Vlt, Inc. | Adaptively configured voltage transformation module array |
JP2006246646A (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Yazaki Corp | 均等化方法及びその装置 |
DE102008023292A1 (de) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-12-03 | Clean Mobile Ag | Elektrische Energieversorgungseinheit und Verfahren zum Laden und Entladen von Akkumulatoren einer elektrischen Energieversorgungseinheit |
DE102008023291A1 (de) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Clean Mobile Ag | Elektrisches Leichtfahrzeug mit elektrischer Energieversorgungseinheit und Verfahren zum Laden und Entladen von Akkumulatoren eines elektrischen Leichtfahrzeugs |
RU2506679C2 (ru) | 2009-04-01 | 2014-02-10 | Иглпичер Текнолоджис, Ллс | Способ и система стабилизации мощности (варианты) |
US8267123B2 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-09-18 | Emerson Process Management, Valve Automation Inc. | Methods and apparatus to charge accumulator apparatus |
WO2011075369A1 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-23 | Leach International Corporation | Systems and methods for balancing multi-cell batteries |
DE102011014925A1 (de) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-27 | Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum aktiven Balancieren von Spannungsquellen |
DE102011014924A1 (de) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-27 | Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft | Flurförderzeug mit einem elektrischen Antrieb |
DE102012214446A1 (de) | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schaltbare Energiespeichervorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer schaltbaren Energiespeichervorrichtung |
DE202018100962U1 (de) * | 2018-02-21 | 2018-03-02 | Igus Gmbh | Überwachungssystem für Energieführungsketten |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4079303A (en) * | 1976-07-28 | 1978-03-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Charging system and method for multicell storage batteries |
US4331911A (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1982-05-25 | Park Robert H | Method of equalizing the voltages of the individual cells of storage batteries |
DE3031898C2 (de) * | 1980-06-28 | 1983-11-10 | Lucas Industries Ltd., Birmingham, West Midlands | Verfahren zum Ermitteln des Ladezustandes einer Akkumulatorenbatterie |
SU1065959A1 (ru) * | 1982-05-24 | 1984-01-07 | Предприятие П/Я А-1070 | Автоматическое устройство дл зар да аккумул торной батареи |
US5003244A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1991-03-26 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Battery charger for charging a plurality of batteries |
DE3940928C1 (de) * | 1989-12-12 | 1991-07-11 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De | |
US5633575A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1997-05-27 | Gali; Carl E. | Battery reclaimer and charger |
US5646504A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1997-07-08 | Feldstein; Robert S. | Magnetically balanced multi-output battery charging system |
-
1994
- 1994-08-13 DE DE4428769A patent/DE4428769C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-07-21 US US08/776,734 patent/US5767660A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-21 WO PCT/DE1995/000975 patent/WO1996005643A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-07-21 EP EP95925726A patent/EP0775378B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-21 DE DE59504232T patent/DE59504232D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996005643A1 (de) | 1996-02-22 |
US5767660A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
EP0775378A1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
DE59504232D1 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
DE4428769C1 (de) | 1996-05-02 |
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